GE Logiq P5 User Manual
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Optimizing Spectral Doppler LOGIQ 5 Basic User Manual 5-57 Direction 2300002-100 Rev. 2 Figure 5-16. CW Display (Actual Image Not Yet Available) HPRF HPRF mode is used when detected velocities exceed the processing capabilities of the currently selected PW Doppler scale or when the selected anatomical site is too deep for the selected PW Doppler scale. Time Scale Eight speeds: 12, 8, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 second sweeps. Angle Correct Indicates flow direction. Sample Volume GateIndicates sample volume box. Each probe defaults to a specific range gate. Doppler Velocity ScaleFlow direction has a positive and negative indicator, noted in centimeters per second (cm/sec). When the velocity scale is less than 10 cm/s, it is displayed to the first decimal point (4.6 rather than 5 cm/s). Table 5-3: Doppler Mode Display Explanations Doppler DisplayDescription, Format, Values
Optimizing the Image 5-58 LOGIQ 5 Basic User Manual Direction 2300002-100 Rev. 2 Doppler Mode Scanning Hints Control overview Dynamic Range. Affects the amount of Doppler amplitude data displayed. Wall Filter. Removes the noise caused by vessel or heart wall motion at the expense of low flow sensitivity. Sweep Speed. Controls speed of spectral update. HINTSThe best Doppler data is collected when parallel to flow, with orientation also parallel to the anatomic target; whereas, the best B-Mode image data is collected perpendicular to the anatomic target. Therefore, you dont usually get both an ideal B-Mode image and ideal Doppler data simultaneously.
Optimizing Spectral Doppler LOGIQ 5 Basic User Manual 5-59 Direction 2300002-100 Rev. 2 Doppler Mode Touch Panel Figure 5-17. PW Mode Touch Panel, Page 1 Figure 5-18. PW Mode Touch Panel, Page 2
Optimizing the Image 5-60 LOGIQ 5 Basic User Manual Direction 2300002-100 Rev. 2 Doppler sample volume gate position (Trackball) DescriptionMoves the sample volume gate on the B-Modes Doppler Mode cursor. The gate is positioned over a specific position within the vessel. AdjustingTo move Doppler Mode cursor position, move Trackball left or right until positioned over the vessel. To move sample volume gate position, move Trackball up or down until positioned inside the vessel. Va l u e sDefaults to 50% of the depth and can move continuously throughout the field of view. BenefitsPositions the sample volume gate to sample blood flow. BioeffectsChanging the sample volume gate position may change the TI and/or MI. Observe the output display for possible effects. Doppler sample volume length DescriptionSizes the sample volume gate. AdjustingTo increase/decrease the gate size, adjust SV Length on the Touch Panel. Hold down key to continuously size gate. A black bar appears indicating changes made to the sample volume size, but this is not a time discontinuity. NOTE: Adjustments to the sample volume gate size are made from the center point of the sample volume position. Va l u e sValues vary by probe and application. Sample volume gate size values are returned to the factory or user preset value when you change the following: Probe, Exam Category, Exam Calcs, or New Patient. BenefitsA smaller gate produces accurate sampling results because it is more sensitive. You can also enlarge the gate to hear the Doppler audio better or for sampling large vessels or areas. BioeffectsChanging the sample volume gate size may change the TI and/ or MI. Observe the output display for possible effects.
Optimizing Spectral Doppler LOGIQ 5 Basic User Manual 5-61 Direction 2300002-100 Rev. 2 PRF DescriptionAdjusts the velocity scale to accommodate faster/slower blood flow velocities. Velocity scale determines pulse repetition frequency. If the sample volume gate range exceeds single gate PRF capability, the system automatically switches to high PRF mode. Multiple gates appear, and HPRF is indicated on the display. High PRFHigh Pulse Repetition Frequency (HPRF) is a special operating mode of PW Doppler. In HPRF mode, multiple energy pulses are used. This allows higher velocities to be detected without causing aliasing artifacts. HPRF mode is used when detected velocities exceed the processing capabilities of the currently selected PW Doppler scale or when the selected anatomical site is too deep for the selected PW Doppler scale. The pulse repetition frequency (PRF) is displayed to the left of the spectrum in frames per second. NOTE: Ensure that only one gate overlays a blood vessel at a time. Otherwise, signals from more than one flow area are superimposed. AdjustingTo raise/lower, adjust the PRF on the Touch Panel (PRF and Wall Filter share the same control. Press the control to toggle between PRF and Wall Filter). The display updates velocity scale parameters after you adjust the velocity scale. Va l u e sVelocity Scale values vary by probe and application. In Triplex, when you change the velocity scale in Color Flow, the Doppler Mode velocity scale is also updated. Velocity Scale values are returned to the factory or user preset value when you change the following: Probe, Exam Category, Exam Calcs, or New Patient. BenefitsBlood flow information is not cut off due to the effect of aliasing. Affect on other controlsWhen you raise the velocity scale, the spectral waveform may decrease in size; when you lower the velocity scale, the spectral waveform may increase in size. Changes in the spectrum are relative to changes in the velocity scale, that is, it sizes accordingly. When you adjust the velocity scale, CINE memory is cleared. Adjustments may affect sample volume size and Doppler wall filter. BioeffectsChanging the velocity range may change the TI and/or MI. Observe the output display for possible effects.
Optimizing the Image 5-62 LOGIQ 5 Basic User Manual Direction 2300002-100 Rev. 2 Angle Correct DescriptionEstimates the flow velocity in a direction at an angle to the Doppler vector by computing the angle between the Doppler vector and the flow to be measured. NOTE: When the Doppler Mode Cursor and angle correct indicator are aligned (the angle is O), you cannot see the angle correct indicator. AdjustingFlow toward the probe is mapped above the baseline and right speaker (as you are facing the system). To adjust the angle relative to the probe face, adjust Angle Correct to the left/right. The velocity scale changes when you adjust angle correct. Va l u e s1 increments from 0 to 90. The possible range of operation is from 0 degrees to 90 degrees in either direction. For optimum velocity measurements, the angle of incidence should be between 45-65 for vascular applications. Angle Correct values vary by probe and application. Angle Correct values are returned to the factory or user preset value when you change the following: Probe, Exam Category, Exam Calcs, or New Patient. BenefitsOptimizes the accuracy of the flow velocity. This is especially useful in vascular applications where you need to measure velocity. Quick Angle Correct DescriptionQuickly adjusts the angle by 60 degrees. AdjustingTo quickly adjust the angle 60 degrees, press Quick Angle. Va l u e s0 degrees and 60 degrees
Optimizing Spectral Doppler LOGIQ 5 Basic User Manual 5-63 Direction 2300002-100 Rev. 2 Wall Filter DescriptionInsulates the Doppler signal from excessive noise caused from vessel movement. AdjustingTo increase/decrease, select Wall Filter, then adjust Wall Filter on the Touch Panel (PRF and Wall Filter share the same control. Press the control to toggle between PRF and Wall Filter). Each adjustment cycles you to the next setting. Va l u e sValues vary, depending upon the probe and application. The current value displays on the Touch Panel and the monitor. Wall Filter values are returned to the factory or user preset value when you change the following: Probe, Exam Category, Exam Calcs, New Patient. BenefitsGets rid of excess, unnecessary information. Cleans out low level noise above and below the baseline so you dont see or hear it on the spectrum. Affect on other controlsWall filter may be changed by changes to the velocity scale. Baseline DescriptionAdjusts the baseline to accommodate faster or slower blood flows to eliminate aliasing. AdjustingBaseline adjusts the point in the spectrum where the velocity trace is at zero. The default baseline is at the midpoint of the spectrum. To shift the baseline, adjust Baseline on the Touch Panel. The baseline displays as a solid line running across the spectrum. The baseline is raised and lowered in equal increments, depending on the current Doppler scale factor. The control does not wrap when the maximum baseline shift (in either direction) has been reached. Va l u e s12% increments, with 0 being the center of the display and +100% being the top edge of the display and -100% being the bottom edge of the display. Baseline values vary by probe and application and are returned to the factory or user preset value when you change: Probe, Exam Category, Exam Calcs, or New Patient. BenefitsUnwraps the alias. Rearranges the velocity scale without changing the velocity scale. Readjusts the positive and negative velocities limit without changing the total velocity range.
Optimizing the Image 5-64 LOGIQ 5 Basic User Manual Direction 2300002-100 Rev. 2 M/D Cursor DescriptionDisplays the Doppler Mode cursor on the B-Mode image. AdjustingTo activate/deactivate the Doppler Mode cursor, press M/D Cursor. Trackball to position sample volume graphic. Adjust SV Length on the Touch Panel to adjust sample volume gate size. The M/D Cursor key backlights. Va l u e sOn/Off. If blood flow velocities cannot be presented, the message PRF unavailable. Change Vel Scale appears. BenefitsLets you position the cursor before you go into Doppler Mode so that you can make optimum use of the larger B-Mode image. Affect on other controlsIf the M-Mode cursor is on, clicking SV Gate or Angle Correct changes the cursor to a Doppler Mode cursor. Angle Steer DescriptionYou can slant the B-Mode or B-Mode Color Flow linear image left/ right to get more information without moving the probe; or you can steer Spectral Doppler independently from Color Flow in smaller angle steps (Fine Angle Steer Mode). AdjustingTo slant the linear image to the left/right, adjust Angle Steer left/ right. Va l u e sLinear probes can be steered left, center, or right up to a maximum of 30 degrees, depending on the probe. Angle Steer values vary by probe and application and are returned to the factory or user preset value when you change the following: Probe, Exam category/Exam Calcs, or New patient BenefitsProvides a Doppler cursor angle suitable for linear probe orientation. Beneficial in Peripheral Vascular to image carotids. BioeffectsActivating angle steer may change the TI and/or MI. Observe the output display for possible effects.
Optimizing Spectral Doppler LOGIQ 5 Basic User Manual 5-65 Direction 2300002-100 Rev. 2 Audio Volume DescriptionControls audio output. AdjustingTo adjust the audio, adjust Vo l u m e left/right. The volume defaults to the last Doppler audio volume setting. Va l u e sUsually, a one-third adjustment of the dial gives you the best volume. The volume decreases/increases logarithmically, with positive flow toward the probe through the right speaker; negative flow away from the probe through the left speaker. NOTE: This description assumes you are facing the system. BenefitsAn audio representation of the flow within a vessel can be used to evaluate proper probe angle and position. Invert DescriptionVertically inverts the spectral trace without affecting the baseline position. AdjustingTo invert the spectral trace, press Invert. The plus (+) and minus (-) signs on the velocity scale reverse when the spectrum is inverted. Positive velocities display below the baseline and to the left speaker (as you face the system). Va l u e sForward/reverse. The trace corresponds to flow direction (positive flow is forward flow toward the probe or negative flow is reverse flow away from the probe). The invert setting is returned to the factory or user preset value when you change the following: Probe, Exam Category, Exam Calcs, or New Patient. In Triplex, both Color Flow and Doppler Mode velocity scales are inverted. BenefitsIf you change the probe angle to accommodate anatomy, blood flow still moves in the same direction, but the Doppler information will be reversed. It is easier in cases like this to invert the spectrum instead of reversing the probe orientation. Affect on other controlsThe polarity of Doppler Audio is also reversed. CAUTIONAudio sounds change rapidly, often abruptly. Increase the volume in small steps to avoid startling the patient.
Optimizing the Image 5-66 LOGIQ 5 Basic User Manual Direction 2300002-100 Rev. 2 Dynamic Range DescriptionDynamic range controls how echo intensities are converted to shades of gray, thereby increasing the range of contrast you can adjust. AdjustingYou access Doppler dynamic range from the Doppler Mode Touch Panel. Each click cycles you to the next setting. To increase/decrease, press Dynamic Range. Va l u e sThe settings cycle in 4 dB steps from 20 dB to 40 dB. The current value displays on the Touch Panel. Dynamic Range values vary by probe and application and are returned to the factory or user preset value when you change the following: Probe, Exam Category, Exam Calcs, or New Patient. BenefitsOptimizes the images texture and smoothness by increasing the amount of gray scale. You decrease the dynamic range to clean out the spectrum to determine if the broadening is actual or not. You increase the dynamic range to fill in the spectrum, according to your personal preference. Affect on other controlsDynamic range operates only in realtime, not in freeze, CINE, CINE Timeline, or VCR playback and affects Doppler gain. Spectral Trace (Trace Method) DescriptionTraces the average mean and peak velocities in realtime images and spectral broadening in frozen images. AdjustingSelect the spectral trace method from Trace Method. To activate the Spectral Trace Touch Panel, press To get a peak trace, click MAX TRACE. A green trace displays on the spectrum. To get a mean trace, click MEAN TRACE. A blue trace displays on the spectrum. Selecting Trace PositionSELECT TRACE lets you indicate whether cardiac cycle detection, and therefore cardiac cycle identification, should use peak timeline data above, below, or above and below (composite) the baseline. BenefitsBroadening may indicate turbulence.