Honda Bmw 5 Service Manual
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Steerina and Wheel ~lianmentl Proper handling, stability and driving ease depend upon the correct alignment of all four wheels. The front axle is aligned in relation to the rear axle, then the front wheels are aligned in relation to one another. This is known as a four-wheel or thrust-axis alignment. Front and rear alignment specification are given in tables at the end of this repair group. BMW E39 cars use a sophisticated multi-link suspension at the front and rear of the car. Proper alignment requires com- puterized alignment equipment. Camber Front wheel camber is set at the factory and cannot be adjust- ed. Rear wheel camber is fully adjustable. Always set rear camber before adjusting toe Before making rear camber adjustment, install a new rear control arm mounting nut (arrow) and tighten. - Loosen mounting nut one-half to one full turn. Using eccentric bolt, adjust camber to factory settings. Tighten nut only after car has been lowered to ground and suspension has settled. Tighten nut while counterholding adjustment bolt. Tightening torque Camber adjusting nut (rear) MI2 (sedan) - MI4 (Sport Wagon) 115 Nm (85 ft-lb) 174 Nm (128 ft-lb) Caster Front and rear caster are fixed by the design of the car and deviations are usually the result of worn or damaged suspen- sion or body parts. - Check front suspension arms and bushings for wear, dam- age and deformation if front caster problems are present. - Check rear axle subfrarne and traction struts if rear caster problems are present.
320-34 I Steerins and Wheel Alignment Front toe and toe difference angle Toe is the difference in the distance between the front of the front wheels and the rear of the front wheels. It is adjusted by altering the length of the tie rods. Toe difference angle determines the progressively different paths taken by the front wheels as the car is turning. In V-8 models, it is set by the pitman arm adjustment, but depends on accurate setting of the toe. Toe adjustments should only be made on specialized align- ment equipment and only with the car in normal loaded posi- tion, described below. - Set front wheel toe at tie rod ends: 4 6-cylinder models: Loosen tie rod lock nut (A). Adjust toe by turning inner tie rod (B) to change length - V-8 models: Loosen left and right tie rod clamp bolts. Adjust toe by turning inner tie rod to change length. NOTE- * Steering rack or steering gearbox can be centered by aligning centering mark on steering shaft with lug on steer- ing rack. To keep steering wheel centered, adjust both tie rods equal amounts. &cylinder models: Make sure the rubber boot on the rack moves freely on the tie rod and does not become twisted. Tightening torques Tie rod clamp bolt Tie rod collar nut 27 Nm (20 ft-lb) 45 Nm (33 A-lb) Rear toe To adjust rear wheel toe, turn eccentric inner mounting bolt in upper front control arm (traction strut). NOTE- Always adjust rear camber first. - Before making toe adjustment, install new mounting nut and tighten. - Loosen nut one-half to one full turn. 4 Turn eccentric bolt (arrow) to adjust toe. rear control arm
Steering and Wheel Alignment - Tighten nut while counterholding adjusting bolt, - Tighten nut only after car has been lowered to ground and suspension has settled. Preparing for alignment - The following conditions are necessary prior to wheel align- ment: Correct wheels and tires are installed, in good condition, and are at the correct inflation pressures. All steering and suspension parts and bushings are un- damaged and show no signs of abnormal wear. Wheel bearings are in good condition. Ride height is in accordance with specifications. See 300 Suspension, Steering and Brakes-General. Car is in normal loaded position. See below. * Cars with air suspension: Remove air suspension power fuse. Normal loaded position Each front seat 68 Kg (I50 lb) Center of rear seat Trunlc Fuel tank 68 Kg (150 lb) 21 Kg (46 lb) Full Alignment specifications tables In the alignment specification tables that follow, reference is made to the various types of suspension used in E39 cars. The type of suspension can be identified by loolting at the la- bel on the front strut tube. Identifying symbol None Solid circle Solid triangle M5 Circle Triangle Version Standard suspension Sports suspension Sports suspension M sport package Standard suspension Sports suspension Model Sedan 6-cylinder sedan V-8 sedan V-8 sedan Touring (Sport Wagon) Touring (Sport Wagon)
Isteering and Wheel Alignment 6-cylinder sedan (5251,5281,530i) Parameter Front axle . .. I I I Outside wheel (approx. ) / 33.5 133 133 M Sport suspension Standard suspension With i 20 wheel loclc Front wheel displacement Inside wheel (approx. ) Sport suspension O0 5 i 10 - 36 i 30 -ID56-t30 N/A 6 41 i 30 Total toe Camber (difference between lefffright maximum 40) Track (differential angle with 20 lock on inside wheel) Caster (difference between lefffright maximum 30) With i 10 wheel locic 6 42 i 30 0°i15 42 . .. I I I Rear axle 6-cylinder Sport Wagon (5251,5281) 05il0 -13+30 -1 56 -t 30 N/A 6 28 i 30 OD5i10 - 36 i 30 -1 56 i 30 N/A 6 41 i 30 6 55 i 30 02 15 41.5 0 22 -t 4 0 i 12 Geometrical axis deviation 6 55 i 30 0 i 15 41.5 0°22i4 Total toe 0 22 i 4 Camber (difference between leitlright maximum 15) 1-20 04 ?- 5 1-2 04 i 5 Oi12 Sport suspension Parameter - I I . .. I I Outside wheal (approx. ) 133.5 133 -2 04 -t 5 OO-t 12 Standard suspension Wlth i 10 wheel lock I I Front axle With i 20 wheel lock 16 42 i 30 16 55i30 6 28 i- 30 0 i 15 Front wheel displacement . .. I I Rear axle D5iIO - 36 i 30 -I056i30 NIA Total toe Camber (difference between IeWright maximum 40) Track (differential angle with 20 lock on inside wheel) Caster (difference between lefffrioht maximum 30) 6 41 + 30 Inside wheel (approx. ) 142 141.5 OOi 15 05i10 - 13i30 -1 56 i 30 N/A 0 16i 10 Total toe 0 i 12 Geometrical axis deviation Camber (difference between iefffright maximum 15) /-lo 50 i 20 1-1 50i20 0 16f 10 0 il2
Steering and Wheel Alignment V-8 Sedan (540i) I Front axle I Parameter Standard suspension Total toe . Track (differential angle with 20 ioclc on inside wheel) Caster (difference between leftiright maximum 30) With i 10° wheel loclc With i 20 wheel lock Front wheel displacement Inside wheel (approx. ) Outside wheel (approx. ) M Sport suspension Camber (difference between leitiright maximum 40) 1- 13i30 1- 30 i 30 1- 37 i 30 0 10i 10 0 14ilO Sport suspension 0 14i 10 Rear axie -1°35i30 N/A 6 18+30 6 36 i 30 0 i 15 42 32.6 Total toe Camber (difference between IeWright maximum 15) Geometrical axis deviation ~~ V-8 Sport Wagon (540i) O10iW -lo 49 i 5 Oi12 0 22 i 4 -2 04 i 5 0 i 12 Parameter -1 43 i 30 NIA 6 27 i 30 649i30 Pilo 41.5 32 0°22i4 -2 04 i 5 Oi 12 -ID 44 i 30 N/A 6 34 i 30 6 50 130 0 i 15 42 31.8 Standard suspension Sport suspension Front axie 0 14210 -37i30 -la44+30 N/A 6 34 i 30 6 50 i 30 O0i15 42 31.8 0 162 10 -I050i20 0 i 12 Total toe Camber (difference between ieftiright maximum 40) Track (differential angle with 20 loclc on inside wheel) Caster (difference between leftiright maximum 30) With i 10 wheel lock With i 20° wheel lock Front wheel displacement Inside wheel (approx. ) Outside wheel (approx. ) 0 14i 10 -13i30 -1 35 i 30 N/A 6 lSi30 6 36 i 30 On+ 15 42 32.65 Rear axle Total toe Camber (difference between lettiright maximum 15) Geometrical axis deviation 0 16i 10 -I050i20 0 i 12
330 Rear Suspension General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,330-2 Special tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,330-2 Rear suspension variations . . . . . . . . . . . . ,330-4 Rear Struts and Springs (sedan models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,330-5 Rear strut assembly, removing and installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,330-5 Rear strut assembly, disassembling and assembling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,330-7 Rear Shock Absorbers and Springs (Sport Wagon models) . . . . . ,330-9 Rear shock absorber, removing and installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,330-9 Coil spring, removing and installing . . . . . ,330-1 1 Air spring, removing and installing . . . . . . ,330-12 Rear Suspension Arms, Subframe and Bushings . . . . . . . . . . ,330-13 Rear suspension arm components . . . . . . ,330-1 3 Swing arm, removing and installing (sedan models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,330-1 4 Swing arm, removing and installing (Sport Wagon models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,330-16 Swing arm ball joint, replacing . . . . . . . . . ,330-1 9 Upper rear control arm, removing and installing (sedan models) . . . . . . . . . . .330-22 Upper rear control arm, removing and installing (Sport Wagon models) . . . . .330-23 Upper front control arm (traction strut), removing and installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,330-25 Rear axle assembly, removing and installing (sedan models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,330-26 Rear axle assembly, removing and installing (Sport Wagon models) . . . . . . . ,330-28 Rear subframe mounting bushings, removing and installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .330-31 Rear Wheel Bearings . . . . . . . . . . . Rear wheel bearing carrier, removing and installing (sedan models) . . . . . . . Rear wheel bearing carrier, removing and installing (Sport Wagon models) . . Rear wheel bearing, replacing . . . . . . . Rear Stabilizer Bar Stabilizer bar, removing and installing . Stabilizer bar link, removing and installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic Height Control (EHC) Component Replacement . . . . . . . Electronic height control (EHC) components ..................... Air compressor pump relay, removing and installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EHC control module, removing and installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air supply unit, removing and installing Ride height sensor, removing and installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
330-2 I Rear Suspension This repair group covers removal and replacement of E39 rear suspension components. A general description of sus- pension systems and ride height specifications can be found in 300 Suspension, Steering and Brakes - General. CAUTIOI\C Some E39 models are equipped with aluminum suspen- sion components. The following cautions apply: Due to the chemical and corrosion characteristics of aluminum, do not bring into contact with battery acid. - Do not clean with wire brushes with brass or iron bris- tles. Only use brushes with stainless steel bristles. Do not expose to flying sparl~s from grinding/cutting op- erations. * Do not subject to steel welding splashes. 0 Do not expose to temperatures over 80°C (176°F). even for shortperlods. Temperatures in painting facili- ties are not a problem. Special tools Special service tools are required for some of the work de- scribed in this repair group. Most of these tools are special- ized press jigs and pullers that might be replaced by standard pullers of various sizes. Read the procedures through before beginning any job. < Strut upper mounting nut socket (Tool No. BMW 31 2 21 0) I Axle shaft removal and installation set Spring compressor (Tool No. BMW 31 3 340.31 3 350)
Rear suspension/ 31 3 333 I Rubber bushing removal tool set (Tool No. BMW 33 3 331,33 3 332,33 3 333,33 3 334) 4 Subframe mount removal set (ToolNo.BMW334 140,334148,334149,334151,334 155.33 4 156) 4 Subirame mount tool set (Tool No.BMW334151,34140,334155,334154) 4 Rear wheel bearing carrier mount tool set (ToolNo.BMW334151,334152,334153,334154,334 156,334157) 4 Subframe mount installation set (Tool No. BMW 33 4 153,33 4 155,33 4 156,33 4 157) Slide hammer set (Tool No. BMW 33 4 201,33 4 202,33 4 203) 13 4 201
330-4 Rear Suspension Rear suspension variations 1. Coil spring 2. Strut 3. Final drive (differential) 4. Rear subframe 5. Upper rear control arm (wishbone) 6. Subframe mounting bushing 7. Drive axle 8. Upper front control arm (traction strut) 9. Swing arm (lower control arm) 10. Integral link 12. Air spring I Waaon 11. Shockabsorber a m3 withair s~riias