Honda Bmw 5 Service Manual
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300 Suspension. Steering and Brakes . Genera8 General ........................... .30 0.2 Aluminum suspension components ...... .30 0.2 Front Suspension ................. .30 0.2 Front suspension 6-cylinder models (525i.5281. 530i) ..................... .30 0.3 Front suspension V-8 models (540i) ...... .30 0.4 Rear Suspension .................. .30 0.5 Sedan models ....................... .30 0.5 Rear suspension sedan models ........ .30 0.6 Sport Wagon models ................. .30 0.6 Rear suspension Sport Wagon (with coil springs) .................... .30 0.7 Rear suspension Sport Wagon (EHC with air springs) ................. .30 0.8 EHC operational diagram .............. .30 0.9 Steering ......................... .30 0.10 Rack-and-pinion steering ............. .30 0.10 Recirculating ball and nut steering ...... .30 0.10 ..................... Brake System 300-10 Wheels and Tires ................. 300-1 1 ............... Rim and tire sizes table 300-1 1 Electronic Brake and Stability .................. Control Systems 300-1 1 E39 electronic brake and stability ........ control systems application table 300-12 ........................ ABS system 300-1 2 Automatic Stability Control (ASC) ....... 300-12 ABSIASC traction control system ....... 300-13 Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) ........ 300-14 Ride Height ....................... 300-14 ......... Front ride height specifications 300-1 5 ......... Rear ride height specifications 300-16
[~us~ension, Steering and Brakes - General This section of the manual covers front and rear suspension, braking and steering systems, and contains wheel, tire and wheel alignment information and specifications. Also covered here are the integrated braking and suspension systems in- cluding antilock braking (ABS), traction control (ASCIDSC), and electronic height control (EHC). Vehicle ride height information is at the end of this repair group. Alignment information is in 320 Steering and Wheel Alignment. Aluminum suspension components In order to reduce vehicle weight, aluminum suspension com- ponents are used in some models. A test with a magnet will easily reveal the metal used. If working with aluminum com- ponents, be sure to read and follow the cautions below. CAUTION- * Due to the chemical and corrosion characteristics of alumi- num, do not bring into contact with battery acid. Do not use wire brushes with brass or iron bristles. Only use brushes with stainless steel bristles. Do not expose to flying sparks from grinding/cutting op- erations. Do not subject to steel welding splashes. Do not expose to temperatures over 80°C (176F), even for short periods. Temperatures in painting facili- ties are not a problem. The E39 front suspension subframe is used as a rigid mount- ing platform for the front suspension arms, stabilizer bar and steering gear. The suspension arms, known as the lower control arms and the tension struts (thrust arms), are connected to the sub- frame through rubber bushings. The arms are connected to the steering knucltles in a double pivot configuration. Each front strut assembly includes a tubular strut and a coil spring. The upper strut mount includes a bearing. The lower end of each strut housing is fitted to the steering knuckle. The integral wheel bearing and hub are bolted to the steering Iknucltle. 6-cylinder and V-8 models use different steering systems and other front suspension components.
300-3 Suspension, Steering and Brakes - General Front suspension 6-cylinder models (5251, 5281, 530i)
Suspension, Steering and Brakes - General Front suspension V-8 models (540i)
300-5 Suspension, Steering and Brakes - ~enerall The E39 rear suspension subframe is used as a rigid mount- ing platform forthe differential (also called final drive) and rear suspension components. The differential is mounted to the subframe and the subframe is bolted to the body through rub- ber bushings which help isolate drivetrain noise and vibration. The €39 rear suspension is known as a modified multi-link system. Three control arms on each side locate the rear wheels. The lowercontrol arm, called the swing arm, is attached to the wheel bearing carrier through a pivoting integral link. An eccentric mounting bolt at the rear inner mounting of the swing arm is used for rear camber adjustment. The inner end of the upper front control arm, called the trac- tion strut, is also mounted with an eccentric fastener, used to adjust rear toe. Drive axles with constant-velocity (CV) joints at both ends transfer power from the differential to the road wheels. Sedan models The rear suspension in sedan models uses coil springs over strut shock absorbers. The bottom of each strut bolts to the wheel carrier.The top strut mount attaches just below the rear parcel shelf of the car. Sedan models fitted with EDC (Electronic Dampening Con- trol) use air struts.
300-6 /Suspension, Steering and Brakes - General Rear suspension sedan models Coil spring Strut - 01 arm Sport Wagon models In order to provide a wide, ilat iloor in the cargo compartment, the rear suspension on the Sport Wagon is unique to itself. The shoclcabsorber is attached diagonally between the lower swing arm and a mounting bracket on the subframe. The spring on each side is mounted between a perch at the top oi the wheel bearing carrier and the bottom of the cargo com- partment floor. Starting with 1999 Sporl Wagon models, a self-leveling air suspension system with electronic height control (EHC) was introduced. The system is standard on V-8 models and op- tional on 6-cylinder models. On models fitted with electronic height control (EHC) rear suspension, the standard coil springs are replaced by air springs. Air pressure in the air springs is automatically con- trolled by the EHC system to compensate for ride height and load variations.
--- . Suspension, Steering and Brakes - General Rear suspension Sport Wagon (with coil springs) Shock absorber 1
300-8 Suspension, Steering and Brakes - General Rear suspension Sport Wagon (EHC with air springs) Air sprIn9 Shock absorber I (tiaction strut) arA (lower control arm) Integral arm 502330210 EHC initiates a control sequence as necessary. The system offers the following features: Control system independent from vehicle engine (no en- gine driven hydraulic pump system) Individual control of rear wheels Uneven load identified and compensated for Uneven road surfaces identified and not compensated for Automatic control interrupted when cornering System diagnosable using the BMW Service Tester (DIS- plus, GTI, or MoDiC)
EHC operational diagram LEFTAIR SPRING RIGHTAIR SPRlNG 50230000, - - -
300-1 0 /Suspension, Steering and Brakes - General The steering system features variable power assist provided by an engine-driven hydraulic pump. Rack and pinion steering 6-cylinder models (525i, 5281, 5300 Two types of steering systems are used in E39 models. 6- cylinder (525i, 5281, 530i) models are equipped with a steer- ing rack system. V-8 (540i) models are equipped with a re- circulating ball and nut steering gearbox. Rack-and-pinion steering Steering components in 6-cylinder models consist of a rack- and-pinion type steering gear and connecting linltage to the road wheels. The steering linkage connects the rack-and-pinion unit through tie rods to the steering knucltles. The tie rod ends al- low the wheels to pivot and react to suspension travel. Recirculating ball and nut steering V-8 models (540i) I Recirculating ball and nut steering Recirculating ball and nut steering in V-8 models consists of a steering box with integrated hydraulic control valve and con- necting linkage to the road wheels. Thesteering linkageconnects the steering gearbox through a pitman arm to the wheels. An idler arm maintains correct toe angle. The tie rod allow the wheels to pivot and react to sus- pension travel. E39 cars are equipped with power disc brakes with integral antilock brakes (ABS). The parking bralte is a dual-drum sys- tem integrated with the rear brake rotors. Power assist is provided by a vacuum booster when the en- gine is running. The brake pedal pushrod is connected direct- ly to the master cylinder, so failure of the vacuum booster does not normally result in total bralte failure. Each disc bralte uses a caliper with a single hydraulic cylin- der. Brake pads in the left front and right rear contain wear sensors. When brake pads need replacement, the sensors il- luminate a light on the dashboard.