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Dust and Particles
Fans cool power supplies and system components by drawing in room temperature air and exhausting 
heated air out through various openings in the chassis. However, fans also ingest dust and other particles, 
causing contaminant buildup in the system and increased internal chassis temperature. A clean operating 
environment can greatly reduce the negative effects of dust and other particles, which act as insulators 
and interfere with the mechanical components in the system. The standards listed below provide 
guidelines for acceptable working environments and acceptable levels of suspended particulate matter:
Network Equipment Building Systems (NEBS) GR-63-CORE
National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Type 1
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) IP-20
Corrosion
Corrosion of system connectors is a gradual process that can eventually lead to intermittent failures of 
electrical circuits. The oil from a person’s fingers or prolonged exposure to high temperature or humidity 
can corrode the gold-plated edge connectors and pin connectors on various components in the system. 
To prevent corrosion, avoid touching contacts on boards and cards, and protect the system from extreme 
temperatures and moist, salty environments.
Electromagnetic and Radio Frequency Interference
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) from a system can adversely 
affect devices such as radio and television (TV) receivers operating near the system. Radio frequencies 
emanating from a system can also interfere with cordless and low-power telephones. Conversely, RFI 
from high-power telephones can cause spurious characters to appear on the system monitor. RFI is 
defined as any EMI with a frequency above 10 kilohertz (kHz). This type of interference can travel from 
the system to other devices through the power cable and power source or through the air like transmitted 
radio waves. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) publishes specific regulations to limit the 
amount of EMI and RFI emitted by computing equipment. Each system meets these FCC regulations. To 
reduce the possibility of EMI and RFI, follow these guidelines: 
Only operate the system with the chassis covers installed. 
Ensure that all chassis slots are covered by a metal filler bracket and that an unused power supply 
bay has a metal cover plate installed. 
Ensure that the screws on all peripheral cable connectors are securely fastened to their 
corresponding connectors on the back of the chassis. 
Always use shielded cables with metal connector shells for attaching peripherals to the system.
When wires are run for any significant distance in an electromagnetic field, interference can occur 
between the field and the signals on the wires. This fact has two implications for the construction of plant 
wiring:
Bad wiring practice can result in radio interference emanating from the plant wiring.
Strong EMI, especially when it is caused by lightning or radio transmitters, can destroy the signal 
drivers and receivers in the chassis, and even create an electrical hazard by conducting power surges 
through lines into equipment. 
						

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NoteTo predict and remedy strong EMI, you may also need to consult experts in radio frequency interference 
(RFI).
If you use twisted-pair cable in your plant wiring with a good distribution of grounding conductors, the 
plant wiring is unlikely to emit radio interference. If you exceed the recommended distances, use a 
high-quality twisted-pair cable with one ground conductor for each data signal when applicable.
CautionCategory 5e, Category 6, and Category 6a cables can store large levels of static electricity because of the 
dielectric properties of the materials used in their construction. Always ground the cables (especially in 
new cable runs) to a suitable and safe earth ground before connecting them to the module.
If the wires exceed the recommended distances, or if wires pass between buildings, give special 
consideration to the effect of a lightning strike in your vicinity. The electromagnetic pulse caused by 
lightning or other high-energy phenomena can easily couple enough energy into unshielded conductors 
to destroy electronic devices. If you have had problems of this sort in the past, you may want to consult 
experts in electrical surge suppression and shielding.
Shock and Vibration
Catalyst 6500 series switches have been shock- and vibration-tested for operating ranges, handling, and 
earthquake standards to NEBS (Zone 4 per GR-63-Core). These tests have been conducted in earthquake 
environment and criteria, office vibration and criteria, transportation vibration and criteria, and 
packaged equipment shock.
Power Source Interruptions
Systems are especially sensitive to variations in voltage supplied by the AC power source. Overvoltage, 
undervoltage, and transients (or spikes) can erase data from memory or even cause components to fail. 
To protect against these types of problems, power cables should always be properly grounded. Also, 
place the system on a dedicated power circuit (rather than sharing a circuit with other heavy electrical 
equipment). In general, do not allow the system to share a circuit with any of the following:
Copy machines
Air conditioners
Vacuum cleaners
Space heaters
Power tools
Teletype machines
Laser printers
Facsimile machines
Any other motorized equipment 
						

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Besides these appliances, the greatest threats to a system power supply are surges or blackouts that are 
caused by electrical storms. Whenever possible, turn off the system and any peripherals, and unplug 
them from their power sources during thunderstorms. If a blackout occurs—even a temporary 
one—while the system is turned on, turn off the system immediately and disconnect it from the electrical 
outlet. Leaving the system on may cause problems when the power is restored; all other appliances left 
on in the area can create large voltage spikes that can damage the system.
System Grounding
You must install a NEBS-compliant system ground as part of the chassis installation process. Chassis 
installations that rely only on the AC third-prong ground are insufficient to properly and adequately 
ground the systems. 
Proper grounding practices ensure that the buildings and the installed equipment within them have 
low-impedance connections and low-voltage differentials between chassis. When you include 
NEBS-compliant system grounds, you reduce or prevent shock hazards, greatly reduce the chances of 
equipment damage due to transients, and substantially reduce the potential for data corruption. 
Without proper and complete system grounding you run the risk of increased component damage due to 
ESD. Additionally, you have a greatly increased chance of data corruption, system lockup and frequent 
system reboot situations by not using a system (NEBS compliant) ground. 
CautionInstallations that rely solely on system grounding using only an AC third-prong ground run a 
substantially greater risk of equipment problems and data corruption than those installations that use 
both the AC third-prong ground and a properly installed system (NEBS compliant) ground.
Ta b l e 1 - 3 lists some general grounding practice guidelines.
Table 1-3 Grounding Practice Guidelines
EnvironmentElectromagnetic 
Noise Severity Level Grounding Recommendations
Commercial building is 
subjected to direct lightning 
strikes.
For example, some places in the 
United States, such as Florida, 
are subject to more lightning 
strikes than other areas.High All lightning protection devices must be 
installed in strict accordance with 
manufacturer recommendations. Conductors 
carrying lightning current should be spaced 
away from power and data lines in 
accordance with applicable 
recommendations and codes. Best grounding 
practices must be closely followed. 
Commercial building is located 
in an area where lightning storms 
frequently occur but is not 
subject to direct lightning 
strikes.High Best grounding practices must be closely 
followed.
Commercial building contains a 
mix of information technology 
equipment and industrial 
equipment, such as welding. Medium to High Best grounding practices must be closely 
followed. 
						

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NoteIn all situations, grounding practices must comply with Section 250 of the National Electric Code (NEC) 
requirements or local laws and regulations. A 6 AWG grounding wire is preferred from the chassis to the 
rack ground or directly to the common bonding network (CBN). The equipment rack should also be 
connected to the CBN with 6 AWG grounding wire.
NoteIn installations where FXS modules are installed, supplemental grounding is required.
NoteAlways ensure that all of the modules are completely installed and that the captive installation screws 
are fully tightened. In addition, ensure that all I/O cables and power cords are properly seated. These 
practices are normal installation practices and must be followed in all installations.
CautionCategory 5e, Category 6, and Category 6a cables can store large levels of static electricity because of the 
dielectric properties of the materials used in their construction. Always ground the cables (especially in 
new cable runs) to a suitable and safe earth ground before connecting them to the module. Existing commercial building is 
not subject to natural 
environmental noise or 
man-made industrial noise. This 
building contains a standard 
office environment. This 
installation has a history of 
malfunction due to 
electromagnetic noise.Medium Best grounding practices must be closely 
followed. Determine source and cause of 
noise if possible, and mitigate as closely as 
possible at the noise source or reduce 
coupling from the noise source to the victim 
equipment.
New commercial building is not 
subject to natural environmental 
noise or man-made industrial 
noise. This building contains a 
standard office environment.Low Best grounding practices should be followed 
as closely as possible. Electromagnetic noise 
problems are not anticipated, but installing a 
best practice grounding system in a new 
building is often the least expensive route 
and the best way to plan for the future.
Existing commercial building is 
not subject to natural 
environmental noise or 
man-made industrial noise. This 
building contains a standard 
office environment.Low Best grounding practices should be followed 
as much as possible. Electromagnetic noise 
problems are not anticipated, but installing a 
best practice grounding system is always 
recommended.
Table 1-3 Grounding Practice Guidelines (continued)
EnvironmentElectromagnetic 
Noise Severity Level Grounding Recommendations 
						

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Maintaining Safety with Electricity
When working on electrical equipment, follow these guidelines:
Do not work alone if potentially hazardous conditions exist anywhere in your work space.
Never assume that power is disconnected from a circuit; always check the circuit before working on 
it.
Look carefully for possible hazards in your work area, such as damp floors, ungrounded power 
extension cables, frayed or damaged power cords, and missing safety grounds.
If an electrical accident occurs, proceed as follows:
–Use extreme caution; do not become a victim yourself.
–Disconnect power from the system.
–If possible, send another person to get medical aid. Otherwise assess the condition of the victim, 
and then call for help.
–Determine if the person needs rescue breathing or external cardiac compressions; then take 
appropriate action.
Use the product within its marked electrical ratings and product usage instructions.
Install the product in compliance with local and national electrical codes.
If any of the following conditions occur, contact the Cisco Technical Assistance Center:
–The power cable or plug is damaged.
–An object has fallen into the product.
–The product has been exposed to water or other liquids.
–The product has been dropped or shows signs of damage.
–The product does not operate correctly when you follow the operating instructions.
Use the correct external power source. Operate the product only from the type of power source 
indicated on the electrical ratings label. If you are not sure of the type of power source required, 
consult the Cisco Technical Assistance Center or a local electrician. 
Use approved power cables only. You have been provided with one or more power cables with your 
chassis power supply that are intended for use in your country, based on the shipping location. 
Should you need to purchase additional power cables, ensure that they are rated for the product and 
for the voltage and current marked on the product’s electrical ratings label. The voltage and current 
rating of the power cable should be greater than the ratings marked on the label.
To help prevent electrical shock, plug all power cables into properly grounded electrical outlets. 
These power cables are equipped with three-prong plugs to help ensure proper grounding. Do not 
use adapter plugs or remove the grounding prong from a power cable.
Observe power strip ratings. Make sure that the total current rating of all products that are plugged 
into the power strip does not exceed 80 percent of the power strip rating.
Do not modify power cables or plugs yourself. Consult with a licensed electrician or your power 
company for site modifications. Always follow your local and national wiring codes. 
						

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Preventing Electrostatic Discharge Damage
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage, which can occur when modules or other FRUs are improperly 
handled, results in intermittent or complete failures. Modules consist of printed circuit boards that are 
fixed in metal carriers. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and connectors are integral 
components of the carrier. Although the metal carrier helps to protect the board from ESD, always use 
an ESD grounding strap when handling modules.
To prevent ESD damage, follow these guidelines:
Always use an ESD wrist strap and ensure that it makes maximum contact with bare skin. ESD 
grounding straps are available with banana plugs, metal spring clips, or alligator clips. All 
Catalyst 6500 series chassis are equipped with a banana plug connector (identified by the ground 
symbol next to the connector) somewhere on the front panel. If you have an older Catalyst 6500 
series chassis equipped with a plastic banana plug connector, we recommend that you use either the 
supplied ESD grounding wrist strap (with a metal clip) or an ESD grounding wrist strap equipped 
with an alligator clip. If you have a newer Catalyst6500 series chassis that has a bare metal hole as 
the banana plug connector (also identified by the ground symbol next to the connector), we 
recommend that you use a personal ESD grounding strap equipped with a banana plug. 
If you choose to use the disposable ESD wrist strap supplied with most FRUs or an ESD wrist strap 
equipped with an alligator clip, you must attach the system ground lug to the chassis in order to 
provide a proper grounding point for the ESD wrist strap.
NoteThis system ground is also referred to as the network equipment building system (NEBS) 
ground.
If your chassis does not have the system ground attached, you must install the system ground. See 
“Establishing the System Ground” section on page 1-52 for installation instructions and locations 
of the chassis system ground pads. 
After you install the system ground lug, follow these steps to correctly attach the ESD wrist strap:
Step 1Attach the ESD wrist strap to bare skin as follows:
a.If you are using the ESD wrist strap supplied with the FRUs, open the wrist strap package and 
unwrap the ESD wrist strap. Place the black conductive loop over your wrist and tighten the strap 
so that it makes good contact with your bare skin.
b.If you are using an ESD wrist strap equipped with an alligator clip, open the package and remove 
the ESD wrist strap. Locate the end of the wrist strap that attaches to your body and secure it to your 
bare skin.
Step 2Grasp the spring or alligator clip on the ESD wrist strap and momentarily touch the clip to a bare metal 
spot (unpainted surface) on the rack. We recommend that you touch the clip to an unpainted rack rail so 
that any built-up static charge is then safely dissipated to the entire rack.
Step 3Attach either the spring clip or the alligator clip to the ground lug screw as follows (See Figure 1-11):
a.If you are using the ESD wrist strap that is supplied with the FRUs, squeeze the spring clip jaws 
open, position the spring clip to one side of the system ground lug screw head, and slide the spring 
clip over the lug screw head so that the spring clip jaws close behind the lug screw head.
NoteThe spring clip jaws do not open wide enough to fit directly over the head of the lug screw 
or the lug barrel. 
						

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b.If you are using an ESD wrist strap that is equipped with an alligator clip, attach the alligator clip 
directly over the head of the system ground lug screw or to the system ground lug barrel.
Figure 1-11 Attaching the ESD Wrist Strap Clip to the System Ground Lug Screw
When handling modules, follow these guidelines:
Handle carriers by available handles or edges only; avoid touching the printed circuit boards or 
connectors.
Place a removed component board-side-up on an antistatic surface or in a static shielding container. 
If you plan to return the component to the factory, immediately place it in a static shielding 
container.
Never attempt to remove the printed circuit board from the metal carrier.
CautionFor safety, periodically check the resistance value of the antistatic strap. The measurement should be 
between 1 and 10 megohm (Mohm).
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System ground
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Side view of
grounding lug
ESD ground
strap
Slide clip
behind screw
Clip installed
behind screwClip
Screw 
						

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Power Requirements
When preparing your site for the switch installation, follow these requirements:
In systems configured with two power supplies, connect each of the two power supplies to a separate 
input power source. If you fail to do this, your system might be susceptible to total power failure 
due to a fault in the external wiring or a tripped circuit breaker.
To prevent a loss of input power, be sure that the total maximum load on each source circuit is within 
the current ratings of the wiring and breakers.
In some systems, you may decide to use an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to protect against 
power failures at your site. Be aware when selecting a UPS that some UPS models that use 
ferroresonant technology can become unstable when operating with the Catalyst 6500 series switch 
power supplies which use power factor correction (PFC). This can cause the output voltage 
waveform to the switch to become distorted resulting in an undervoltage situation in the system.
The AC-input power supply has a detachable power cord (except for the 4000 W power supplies) 
that allows you to connect each power supply to the site power source. The 4000 W AC-input power 
supply power cords are hard-wired to the power supply and cannot be removed.
You can connect the DC-input power supply to the power source with heavy-gauge wiring connected 
to a terminal block. The wire gauge size is determined by local electrical codes and restrictions.
If you are using a 200/240 VAC power source in North America, the circuit must be protected by a 
two-pole circuit breaker.
The source AC outlet must be within 6 feet (1.8 meters) of the system and should be easily 
accessible.
The AC power receptacles used to plug in the chassis must be the grounding type. The grounding 
conductors that connect to the receptacles should connect to protective earth ground at the service 
equipment.
Power Connection Guidelines for AC-Powered Systems
This section provides the basic guidelines for connecting the Catalyst 6500 series switch AC power 
supplies to the site power source:
Each chassis power supply should have a separate, dedicated branch circuit.
For North America:
–The 950 W power supply requires a 15 A circuit.
–The 1000 W power supply requires a 15 A or 20 A circuit.
–The 1300 W, 1400 W, 2500 W, 2700 W, and 3000 W power supplies require a 20 A circuit.
–The 4000 W power supply requires a 30 A circuit.
–The 6000 W power supply requires one or two 20 A circuits. 
–The 8700 W power supply requires one, two, or three 20 A circuits. 
						

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For International:
–Circuits should be sized according to local and national codes.
If you are using a 200/240 VAC power source in North America, the circuit must be protected by a 
two-pole circuit breaker.
The source AC outlet must be within 6 feet (1.8 meters) of the system and should be easily 
accessible.
The AC power receptacles used to plug in the chassis must be the grounding type. The grounding 
conductors that connect to the receptacles should connect to protective earth ground at the service 
equipment.
Power Connection Guidelines for DC-Powered Systems
This section provides the basic guidelines for connecting the Catalyst 6500 series switch DC-input 
power supplies to the site power source:
All power connection wiring should conform to the rules and regulations in the National Electrical 
Code (NEC), as well as any local codes.
The DC return must remain isolated from the system frame and the chassis (DC-I).
For DC power cables, we recommend that you use commensurately rated, high-strand-count copper 
wire cable. Connection to the DC-input power supply requires one earth ground cable, one source 
DC (–), and one source DC return (+). The length of the cables depends on your switch location. 
These cables are not available from Cisco Systems. They are available from any commercial cable 
vendor.
The color coding of the source DC power cable leads depends on the color coding of the site DC 
power source. Typically, green or green and yellow indicate that the cable is a ground cable. Because 
there is no color code standard for source DC wiring, you must ensure that the power cables are 
connected to the DC-input power supply terminal block in the proper (+) and (–) polarity. In some 
cases, the source DC cable leads might have a positive (+) or a negative (–) label. This label is a 
relatively safe indication of the polarity, but you must verify the polarity by measuring the voltage 
between the DC cable leads. When making the measurement, the positive (+) lead and the negative 
(–) lead must always match the (+) and (–) labels on the DC-input power supply terminal block.
DC power cables must be terminated by cable lugs at the power supply end. 
The circuit breaker is considered to be the disconnect device and should be easily accessible.
The circuit must be protected by a dedicated two-pole circuit breaker. The circuit breaker should be 
sized according to the power supply input rating and local or national code requirements. 
For proper DC-input redundant power configurations on systems with multiple-input DC-input 
power supplies, all pairs of source DC cables for one DC-input power supply must come from the 
same battery system (A feed); all pairs of source DC cables for the second DC-input power supply 
must come from a different battery system (B feed).
For DC-input power supplies with multiple inputs, each DC input must be protected by a dedicated 
circuit breaker or a fuse. The circuit breaker or the fuse must be sized according to the power supply 
input rating and local or national electrical codes. 
						

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Cabling Requirements
CautionThe intrabuilding port(s) of the equipment or subassembly is suitable for connection to intrabuilding or 
unexposed wiring or cabling only. The intrabuilding port(s) of the equipment or subassembly must not 
be metallically connected to interfaces that connect to the Outside Plant (OSP) or its wiring. These 
interfaces are designed for use as intrabuilding interfaces only (Type 2 or Type 4 ports as described in 
GR-1089-CORE, Issue 4) and require isolation from the exposed OSP cabling. The addition of Primary 
Protectors is not sufficient protection to connect these interfaces metallically to OSP wiring.
When running power and data cables together in overhead cable trays or subfloor cable trays, be aware 
of the following caution:
CautionWe strongly recommend that power cabling runs and other potential noise sources be located as far away 
as practical from LAN cabling that terminates on Cisco equipment. In situations, where this type of long 
parallel cable runs exist which cannot be separated by at least 3.3 feet (1 meter), we recommend that you 
shield these potential noise sources. To avoid interference, the source should be shielded by housing it 
in a grounded metallic conduit.
Also be aware of the following caution concerning the use of Category 5e and Category 6 Ethernet 
cables:
CautionCategory 5e, Category 6, and Category 6a cables can store large levels of static electricity because of the 
dielectric properties of the materials used in their construction. Always ground the cables (especially in 
new cable runs) to a suitable and safe earth ground before connecting them to the module.
Site Preparation Checklist
Ta b l e 1 - 4 lists the site planning activities that you should perform prior to installing the Catalyst 6500 
series switch. Completing each activity helps ensure a successful switch installation.