Steinberg Cubase 6 Manual

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Working with text
4.Adjust the positioning settings for the text:
5.Select a text attribute set for the text, or make manual 
settings for font, size, and style.
6.Click OK.
The text is inserted. You can adjust the positioning manually by dragging 
the text block.
Inserting variables
When you enter the text, you can also insert special char-
acters or “place holders” for different attributes. When the 
text is displayed, these characters are replaced by their 
actual values (e.g. page numbers). The following variables 
are available:
For example, if you enter the text “%l, %r, Page %p”, these 
variables might be shown as “1st Violin, Quartet No.2, 
Page 12” in the score.
Using the Score Settings (Text page)
In the Score Settings dialog on the Text page, you can find 
a number of text-related settings. The symbol buttons cor
-
respond to the symbols found on the Other, Layout, and 
Project tabs of the Symbols Inspector, see 
“Symbol details” 
on page 634.
•On the Layer pop-up menu, select the layer that you 
want to use.
The text symbols available for this layer is displayed to the left of the pop-
up menu.
•You can use the text symbols in the same way as you 
would use symbols from the Inspector or a symbol palette.
When you select a text symbol and move the mouse pointer over the 
score, the pointer changes to a pencil, and you can enter text at the po-
sition you click on.
The Notepad tab and the Selection tab
Below the text symbols and the Layer pop-up menu, you 
can find two tabs with large text entry fields.
•Use the Notepad tab to enter longer text passages. 
When you are happy with the text in terms of wording and 
length, select all or part of the text, and select a note in the 
score. Now, the Insert Lyrics button below the Notepad 
tab becomes available. 
When you click Insert Lyrics, the selected text is entered into the score, 
starting from the note you selected.
•When you select text in the score and open the Selec-
tion tab, the selected words are shown in the text field. 
You can now change the wording of the text, and use the 
text format options to the left to change the appearance of 
the selected text. When you are done, click Apply to apply 
your changes to the selected text in the score.
OptionDescription
Show on all 
pagesWhen this is activated, the text is shown on all pages. The 
“Except First” checkbox allows you to exclude the very 
first page.
Show on first 
pageWhen this is selected, the text is only shown on the first 
page.
LineThis determines how the text is aligned. For example, if 
you place several texts on “Top/Left”, you can sort them 
by entering the desired number of lines.
Toggle 
PositionWhen the Left or Right position option is selected to the 
right, activating this checkbox makes the text alternate 
between left and right alignment on even/odd pages.
Position 
buttonsDetermines where on the page you want the text, verti-cally (Top/Bottom) and horizontally (Left, Center, Right). 
Text to enterText that is displayed
%pThe current page number.
%l (lower case L)The long staff name.
%sThe short staff name.
%rThe name of the project. 
						

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Working with text
Text functions
The Words tab
If you have certain words that you use a lot, you can “store” 
these as dedicated symbols on the Words tab. This saves 
time, since you do not have to type the same word over and 
over again.
Storing a word
1.Open the Words symbol tab.
This tab is hidden by default. See “Showing/Hiding Symbols Inspector 
tabs” on page 620 for information on how to display hidden Inspector tabs.
2.Double-click on an “empty” symbol.
The Custom Text Editor dialog appears.
3.Type in the desired word(s) in the text field at the top 
of the dialog.
4.Specify the text type (regular text or lyrics) with the 
Type pop-up menu.
5.Make settings for font, size, and style.
You can also use a text attribute set if you like.
6.Click Exit to close the dialog.
The words that you entered appear in the selected symbol field on the 
Words tab.
•Right-clicking one of the fields opens a context menu 
with a number of options:
• Select “Edit…” to open the Custom Text Editor dialog.
• Select “New” to add a new empty symbol to the Words tab.
• Select “Remove” to delete any unwanted symbols from the 
Words tab.
• Select “Open As Palette” to open the Words symbol palette.
Inserting a word
You insert words from the Words tab as you would insert 
any regular symbol, by selecting the appropriate word and 
clicking in the score. However, you can edit the word after 
inserting it, just as with text inserted by typing.
Find and replace
This function allows you to replace all occurrences of a 
certain word or group of words, with another word or 
group of words. The replacement is done once and for all, 
for all text symbol types, regardless of font, size, and style 
settings. Proceed as follows:
1.Pull down the Scores menu and select “Find and Re-
place” from the Functions submenu.
The Find and Replace dialog opens.
2.In the Find value field, enter the words to replace.
3.If you want all instances of the words to be replaced, 
regardless of upper/lower case, deactivate the “Case 
Sensitive” option.
4.If you do not want to replace the words if they are a 
part of another word, activate the “Entire Word” option.
For example, if you want to replace the word “string” but not the word 
“stringendo”, you should activate “Entire Word”.
5.In the “Replace” field, enter the words that are to be 
used as replacement. 
						

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Working with text
6.Click OK.
Now all occurrences of the “Find” words are replaced with the “Replace” 
words.
Staff names
You can make settings for staff names in several places:
•In the Score Settings dialog on the Layout page, you 
specify whether the staff names are shown at all and 
whether to use the names of the actual edited tracks in the 
score.
In a multi-track layout, you can choose for which tracks the staff names 
are shown by clicking in the “N” column for each track.
•You specify a long and short staff name in the Score 
Settings dialog, on the Staff page (Main tab).
These are used if you do not use the “From Tracks” option on the Layout 
page of the Score Settings dialog. The long name is displayed for the first 
system only, and the short name for the following systems. If you want a 
name at the top of the page only, leave the “Short” name field empty.
To select a font for staff names, proceed as follows:
1.Open the Score Settings dialog on the Project page 
and select the Text Settings subpage.
2.Select the Project Text tab.
3.Use the “Font for” pop-up menu to select “Staff 
Names”.
4.Select font, size, and styles for the staff names (or use 
a text attribute set).
5.Click Apply and close the Score Settings dialog.
Additional staff name settings
•If you activate the “Show Track Names to Left of staff” 
option in the Score Settings dialog on the Project–Notation 
Style subpage (Staff Names category), the staff names are 
shown to the left of the staves, instead of above them.
•You can define separate subnames for the upper and 
the lower staff in a polyphonic or split system, see 
“Staff 
names” on page 588.
•You can fine-tune the vertical and horizontal position of 
staff names with some of the options on the Project–
Spacing subpage of the Score Settings dialog.
Bar Numbers
Bar Number settings can be made in several places as 
well.
General settings
1.Open the Score Settings dialog on the Project page 
and select the Notation Style subpage.
2.Scroll down the list to the “Bar Numbers” category.
3.Use the “Show every” setting to specify how often bar 
numbers are shown.
The options are “First Bar” (bar numbers shown for the first bar on each 
staff), “Off” (no bar numbers shown) and any number. Click in the Status 
column and use the mouse wheel to select the desired option.
4.If you like, activate the “Show Range with Multi-Rests” 
option.
When this is activated, and you have a multi-rest, the bar number at the 
beginning of the multi-rest shows a range, indicating the length of the 
multi-rest.
5.If you want the bar numbers to be displayed below the 
bar lines, activate the “Below Bar Lines” option.
6.Click Apply and close the Score Settings dialog.
Text settings
As with many of the other fixed text elements, you can se-
lect a font, size, and style for bar numbers in the Score 
Settings dialog, on the Project–Text Settings subpage.
Spacing
On the Project–Spacings subpage of the Score Settings 
dialog, you can find four settings that relate to bar num
-
bers:
!If the “Show Long Staff Names on new Pages” op-
tion is activated in the Score Settings dialog on the 
Project–Notation Style subpage (Staff Names cate
-
gory), the long name is displayed for the first system 
on every page.
OptionDescription
First Bar Number – 
Horizontal OffsetSets the horizontal distance between the bar num-ber and the bar line for the first bar on each staff.
First Bar Number – 
Vertical OffsetSets the vertical distance between the bar number 
and the bar line for the first bar on each staff.
Other Bar Numbers 
– Horizontal OffsetSets the horizontal distance between the bar num-ber and the bar line for all other bars.
Other Bar Numbers 
– Vertical OffsetSets the vertical distance between the bar number 
and the bar line for all other bars. 
						

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Working with text
Offsetting bar numbers
If you double-click on a bar number, a dialog appears, al-
lowing you to skip a number of bars in the otherwise con-
tinuous bar numbering.
This is used for example when a section repeats. Say, you 
have a repeat of bar 7 and 8, and want the first bar after 
the repeat to have the number 11, not 9. To achieve this, 
you double-click on the “9” and insert an offset of “2”.
It is also useful if the score starts with an upbeat, and you 
want the first “real” bar to be numbered 1. In that case you 
would specify an offset of “-1” for the second bar, and 
make sure that the bar number for the upbeat bar is hidden.
•Bar number offsets belong to the Project layer and are 
shown for all tracks and layouts.
Settings for other fixed text elements
You can make text settings for virtually all text and num-
bers that appear in the score. Proceed as follows:
1.Open the Score Settings dialog on the Project page 
and select the Text Settings subpage.
2.Select the Project Text tab.
3.Use the “Font For” pop-up menu to select a text type 
to make settings for.
4.Use the options in the dialog to change the settings.
5.Click Apply to apply the settings to all elements of the 
selected type.
To close the dialog, click the close button at the top right of the dialog 
window.
Bar Numbers before and after changing their text settings.
•You can also define text attribute sets on the Text Set-
tings subpage, as a means to quickly change text.
Note that you can select a defined attribute set from the context menu 
opened when right-clicking on a text element (see 
“Text attribute sets” 
on page 647). 
						

							11
Working with layouts 
						

							656
Working with layouts
About this chapter
In this chapter you will learn:
• What layouts are and what they contain.
• How to create layouts.
• How to use layouts for opening combinations of tracks.
• How to apply, load, save and delete layouts.
• How to import and export layouts.
• An example of how layouts can be used.
Background: Layouts
Layouts can be viewed as “presets” containing settings for 
the layout layer: staff spacing, bar lines, layout symbols, etc.
When to use layouts
•You need to format the score differently when you print 
the entire score and when you extract parts for single in
-
struments (or groups of instruments). Layouts allow you to 
keep different sets of “looks” for the same track or set of 
tracks. You might for example have one layout for each 
single instrument and one for the entire score.
•By selecting another layout on the Layout page of the 
Score Settings dialog, you can switch to another combi
-
nation of tracks without having to leave the Score Editor.
What makes up a layout?
A layout contains the following items and properties:
• The inserted Layout symbols (see “The available symbols” on 
page 621).
• All settings on the Layout page of the Score Settings dialog.
• The vertical spacing of the staves.
• Bar line spacing.
• Broken bar lines.
ÖNote that Project symbols (see “The available symbols” 
on page 621), bar line types and bar number offsets are 
part of the Project layer, and appear in all layouts.
How layouts are stored
Layouts are created automatically when you edit a single 
track or a combination of tracks. They are an integral part 
of the specific track combination, which means you do not 
have to store them separately.
Creating a layout
Layouts are created automatically when you open a new 
combination of tracks for editing.
Each track may have been edited before, individually or to-
gether with other tracks, it does not matter. What matters 
is that you open precisely these tracks. For example, to 
create a layout for a string quartet, select parts on the cor
-
responding tracks and press [Ctrl]/[Command]-[R].
Opening a layout
The “Open Layout” command on the Scores menu opens 
a dialog listing all available layouts for the Project. 
•Select the desired layout in the list and click OK to open 
the tracks contained in the layout in the Score Editor.
This is a quick way for opening several tracks in the Score Editor directly 
from the Project window.
Layout operations
The Score Settings dialog contains a Layout page, where 
you can make settings for the different layouts. To the left 
of the dialog, all existing layouts in the project are listed 
(this is the same list as in the Open Layout dialog, see 
above). The layout currently used is highlighted in the list.
!The order of the tracks does not matter – you can re-
order them in the Project window without removing 
the layout. However, the spacing of the staves in the 
layout is related to the order of the tracks. 
						

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Working with layouts
Opening the tracks in a layout
To select another combination of tracks for editing, select 
the corresponding layout in the list.
•You can keep the dialog open while you are editing, and 
use this function for selecting which tracks to edit.
Importing layout symbols
By selecting another layout and selecting “Get Form” from 
the Functions pop-up menu below the list, you import all 
Layout symbols (inserted from the Layout section in the 
Symbols Inspector) from the selected layout into the cur
-
rent layout.
Managing layouts
•To rename a layout, select it in the list and enter the de-
sired name in the Name field to the right in the dialog.
Initially, a layout gets the name of one of the edited tracks – it may be a 
good idea to give each layout a more informative name.
•To remove a layout you no longer need, select it in the 
list and select “Remove” on the Functions pop-up menu.
•To remove all layouts for which there no longer are track 
combinations, select “Clean Up” on the Functions pop-up 
menu.
Importing and exporting layouts
By selecting a layout and selecting “Export…” or “Import…” 
from the Functions pop-up menu below the list, you can ex
-
port or import a Layout. Note that all Staff settings are taken 
into account, when exporting or importing a layout.
Working with Display Transpose
You can specify for each staff in a layout whether it should 
use Display Transpose. In the Score Settings dialog on the 
Layout page, click in the D column to activate or deactivate 
the option. Note that this setting affects this layout only.
Using layouts – an example
The following text outlines the basic steps for extracting a 
musical part from a full score.
1.Prepare the entire score, including all formatting.
This might include inserting project layer block text for the score title, set-ting the bar line type, etc.
2.Open the Score Settings dialog on the Layout page 
and enter the desired name in the Name field (for example 
“Full Score”).
3.Close the Score Editor.
4.Open a single track, for example a woodwind part.
The Project layer settings automatically appear in the new single track 
layout.
5.Prepare a layout for the woodwind part.
You might for example move bar lines, add endings, activate multiple 
rests, etc.
•You can also import all layout symbols from the “Full 
Score” layout, by opening the Score Settings dialog on 
the Layout page, selecting the “Full Score” layout in the 
list to the left, and selecting “Get Form” from the Func
-
tions pop-up menu (see “Importing layout symbols” on 
page 657).
6.Enter the desired name for the new layout in the Name 
field on the Layout page of the Score Settings dialog and 
click “Apply”.
!Be careful not to change any of the properties which 
are not part of the layout. This modifies the “Full 
Score”, too. 
						

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Working with layouts
Marker Track to Form
If you have created markers in the Project window which 
denote the start of each new “section” in your music (verse, 
bridge, chorus, etc.), you can automatically transfer these 
markers into the current layout:
1.Pull down the Scores menu, open the Advanced Lay-
out submenu and select “Marker Track to Form”.
Now, rehearsal marks and double bar lines are inserted in the score, at 
the position of each marker.
2.If you want the names of the markers shown as well, 
open the Advanced Layout submenu again and select 
“Display Markers”. 
						

							12
Working with MusicXML 
						

							660
Working with MusicXML
Introduction
MusicXML is a music notation format developed by Recor-
dare LLC in 2000 based primarily on two academic music 
formats. It allows the representation of scores in the current 
symbolic representation of western music notation, used 
since the 17th century. With Cubase you can now import 
and export MusicXML files created with version 1.1. This 
makes it possible to share and exchange sheet music with 
people who are using score writing programs such as Fi
-
nale and Sibelius.
ÖAs MusicXML is supported to various degrees by differ-
ent programs, you always have to do manual adjustments.
What is MusicXML used for?
The MusicXML file format can be used for the following 
purposes:
• Representation and printing of sheet music
• Exchange of sheet music between various score writing 
programs 
• Electronic distribution of musical scores 
• Storage and archiving of scores in an electronic format 
Notational representation vs. musical performance
MusicXML is a music notation file format, that means it 
deals especially with the layout of music notation and the 
correct graphical representation, i.e. how a piece of music 
should look. 
However, MusicXML music data also contains elements 
that define how a piece of music should sound. For exam
-
ple, these are used when creating a MIDI file from Music-
XML. This means that MusicXML has things in common 
with MIDI. 
MIDI is a music interchange format for performance appli-
cations like Cubase or other sequencers. The MIDI file for-
mat is designed for playback, i.e. the main focus of the 
MIDI file format lies in the performance, not in the notation. 
Is MusicXML better than MIDI?
Advantages of MusicXML
MIDI tracks hold MIDI notes and other MIDI data. A MIDI 
note in Cubase is only defined by its position, length, pitch 
and velocity. This is not enough to decide how the note 
will be displayed in a score. For a correct representation, 
Cubase also needs the following information:
• Stem direction, beaming.
• Expression marks (staccato, accent, ties and slurs). 
• Information about the instrument in the score.
• Key and basic rhythm of the piece.
• Grouping of notes, etc.
MusicXML can store a great part of this information. How-
ever, you have to adjust the scores with the tools available 
in the Score Editor.
Advantages of MIDI
Although MusicXML has obvious advantages in the repre-
sentation of musical scores, there are also restrictions in 
sound. This is due to the fact that MusicXML as a music 
notation format has a graphical background and is de
-
signed for exchanging representation, not sound. 
When playing back MusicXML files in Cubase, the follow-
ing parameters, among others, are not considered:
• On and Off velocities
•Dynamics 
• Controller data
•SysEx
• Standard MIDI file meta events
•Audio
• All Cubase-specific data like automation, MIDI effects, Input 
Transformer, etc.