Steinberg Cubase 6 Manual
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522 File handling Importing audio In Cubase audio can be imported in a variety of different formats. For example, you can import tracks from audio CDs, or import audio files saved in different formats (com - pressed and uncompressed). For information on how to import audio files into the Pool and import options, see “About the Import Medium dialog” on page 306. Audio file import options When you are importing audio files, there are a number of options concerning how the files should be treated by Cubase: •You can choose to copy the file into the audio folder of the project and have the project make reference to the copied file rather than the original file. This helps you keep your project “self-contained”. •You can choose to split stereo and multi-channel files into a number of mono files. •You can set all files in the project to the same sample rate and sample size (resolution). Using the “On Import Audio Files” pop-up menu in the Preferences dialog (Editing–Audio page), you can define what Cubase does when importing an audio file. The avail - able options are described in the following. Open Options Dialog An Options dialog appears when you import, allowing you to select whether you want to copy the files to the audio folder and/or convert them to the project settings. Please note the following: •When importing a single file of a format other than the project settings, you can specify which properties (sample rate and/or resolution) are changed. •When importing multiple files at the same time, you can select to convert the imported files automatically if neces - sary, i.e. if the sample rate is different than the project’s or the resolution is lower than the project setting. Use Settings No Options dialog will appear when you import. Instead, you can select standard actions from the list below the pop-up menu that are performed automatically each time you import audio files: Importing audio CD tracks You can import audio from audio CDs into Cubase proj- ects in two ways: •To import the CD tracks directly into project tracks, choose the “Audio CD…” option from the Import sub - menu of the File menu. The imported audio CD track(s) are inserted on the selected audio track(s) at the project cursor position. •To import the CD tracks into the Pool, select “Import Audio CD…” from the Media menu. This might be the preferred method if you want to import several CD tracks in one go. OptionDescription Copy Files to Work-ing DirectoryIf files are not already in the project’s audio folder, they are copied there before being imported. Convert and Copy to Project If NeededIf files are not already in the project’s audio folder, they are copied there before being imported. Fur-thermore, if the files have a different sample rate or a lower resolution than the project settings, they are automatically converted. Split multi-channel filesIf you import a multi-channel audio file (including two-channel stereo files), it will be split into a num-ber of mono files – one for each channel – which are placed on separate, automatically created mono tracks. Use the “Use numbers for split file names” option to give the created files the same name as the source file, appended by a number. This avoids confusion if the source file does not contain stereo or surround material, but poly-mono audio.
523 File handling Selecting one of the Import Audio CD menu items brings up the following dialog: To import one or more tracks, proceed as follows: 1.If you have more than one CD drive, select the correct one from the Drives pop-up menu at the top left. On opening the CD, the program tries to retrieve the track names from CDDB (a CD database). If no connection to CDDB can be established or the CD track names are not found, you can manually change the ge -neric track name in the Default Name field. 2.Windows only: Activate the “Secure Mode” option if you want to use a Secure Read mode. Use this if you encounter problems when trying to import an audio CD. Error checking and correction will be done during the process. Note that this mode will take more time. 3.In the Windows version, select the data transfer speed from the Speed pop-up menu. While you normally want to use the fastest possible speed, you may have to select a slower speed for flawless audio extraction. 4.Activate the Copy checkbox for every audio file you want to import. You can also select a copy section for every file, see below. 5.Click on the Copy button to create a local copy of the audio file(s) or section(s). The copied files are listed at the bottom of the dialog. By default, im- ported audio CD tracks will be stored as Wave files (Windows) or AIFF files (Mac) in the Audio folder of the current project. To change the folder, click Destination Folder and select a different folder from the dia - log. During copying, the Copy button is labeled “Stop”; click it to stop the process. 6.Click OK to import the copied audio files into the proj- ect, or click Cancel to stop the import and discard the copied files. •If you import more than one audio file into project tracks, a dialog opens in which you have to choose whether to in - sert the tracks on one track or on different ones. The new track(s) are displayed in the Project window. New audio clips are created and added to the Pool. The columns in the “Import from Audio CD” dialog have the following functionality: By default, complete tracks are selected. ColumnDescription CopyActivate the checkbox in this column for the track you want to copy/import. To activate more than one check-box, click and drag over the checkboxes (or press [Ctrl]/ [Command] or [Shift] and click). #This is the track number. CD Track as shownWhen you import an audio CD track, the file is named ac-cording to this column. The names are pulled automati-cally from CDDB, if possible. You can rename a track by clicking in the CD Track column and typing a new name. You can also apply a generic name to all audio CD tracks, if no name was available in CDDB. LengthThe length of the audio CD track in minutes and seconds. SizeThe file size of the audio CD track in MB. Copy StartYou can copy a section of a track if you like. This indi-cates the start of the section to be copied in the track. By default, this is set to the start of the track (0.000) but you can adjust this on the copy selection ruler (see below). Copy EndIndicates the end of the section to be copied in the track. By default, this is set to the end of the track but you can adjust this on the copy selection ruler (see below).
524 File handling •If you want to copy and import a section of an audio CD track only, select the track in the list and specify the start and end of the selection to be copied by dragging the handles in the copy selection ruler. ÖNote that you can import sections of several audio CD tracks by selecting them in turn and adjusting the selec - tion. The start and end settings for each track are dis- played in the list. •You can audition the selected audio CD track by click- ing the Play button. The track will be played back from selection start to selection end (or un- til you click the Stop button). •The Play from left Marker (down arrow) and Play to Right Marker (up arrow) buttons allow you to audition the start and end of the selection only. The down arrow button will play a short snippet beginning at the start of the selection, while the up arrow button will play a snippet starting just before the end of the selection. •To open the CD drive, click on the Eject button at the top of the dialog. Importing Audio from video files While you can automatically extract the audio when im- porting a video file (see “Extracting audio from a video file” on page 516), it is also possible to import the audio from a video file without importing the video itself: 1.Pull down the File menu, open the Import submenu and select “Audio from Video File…”. 2.In the file dialog that opens, locate and select the video file and click Open. The audio in the selected video file is extracted and converted to a Wave file in the project’s Audio folder. •A new audio clip is created and added to the Pool. In the Project window, an event referencing the audio file is inserted on the selected track at the project cursor posi - tion. If no track was selected, a new track is created. This works just like importing regular audio files. ÖFor information about importing video files, see “Im- porting video files” on page 511. Importing ReCycle files ReCycle by Propellerhead Software is a program designed especially for working with sampled loops. By “slicing” a loop and making separate samples of each beat, ReCycle makes it possible to match the tempo of a loop and edit the loop as if it was built of individual sounds. Cubase can im - port two file types created by ReCycle: • REX files (export file format of the first versions of ReCycle, extension “.rex”). • REX 2 files (file format of ReCycle 2.0 and later, extension “.rx2”). Proceed as follows: 1.Select an audio track and move the project cursor to where you want the imported file to start. You probably want to import REX files to tempo based audio tracks, since this will allow you to change the tempo later on (having the imported REX file automatically adjust). 2.Select “Audio File…” from the Import submenu of the File menu. 3.On the file type pop-up menu in the file dialog, select REX File or REX 2 File. 4.Locate and select the file you want to import, and click Open. The file is imported and automatically adjusted to the current Cubase tempo. Unlike a regular audio file, the imported REX file will con- sist of several events, one for each “slice” in the loop. The events will automatically be placed in an audio part on the selected track and positioned so that the original internal timing of the loop is preserved. 5.If you now open the part in the Audio Part Editor, you can edit each slice separately by muting, moving and re - sizing events, adding effects and processing, etc. You can also adjust the tempo and have the REX file automatically follow (provided that its track is tempo based). Play StopPlay from Left Marker Play to Right Marker Start of selection handleEnd of selection handle !For this to work, the REX Shared Library needs to be installed on your system. If this is not the case, you will find the corresponding installer on the installation DVD (in the “Additional Content\Installer Data” folder).
525 File handling ÖYou can achieve similar results by using Cubase’s own loop slicing features, see “Working with hitpoints and slices” on page 276. Importing compressed audio files Cubase can import (and export, see “Mixing down to audio files” on page 485) several common audio compression formats. The procedure is the same as when importing any non-compressed audio file, with one important thing to note: •When you import a compressed audio file, Cubase cre- ates a copy of the file and converts this to Wave format (Windows) or AIFF format (Mac OS X) before importing it. The original compressed file will not be used in the project. The imported file is placed in the designated project Audio folder. The following file types are supported: MPEG audio files MPEG, which stands for Moving Picture Experts Group, is the name of a family of standards used for encoding au - dio-visual information (e. g. movies, video, music) in a digi- tal compressed format. Cubase can read two types of audio MPEG files: MPEG Layer 2 (*.mp2) and MPEG Layer 3 (*.mp3). Currently, mp3 is the most common of these formats, while the mp2 format is mostly used in broadcast applications. Ogg Vorbis files Ogg Vorbis is an open and patent-free format that offers very small audio files maintaining comparatively high audio quality. Ogg Vorbis files have the extension “.ogg”. Windows Media Audio files (Windows only) Windows Media Audio is an audio format developed by Microsoft, Inc. Due to advanced audio compression algo - rithms, Windows Media Audio files can be made very small, maintaining good audio quality. The files have the extension “.wma”. ÖFor exporting Audio, see the chapter “Export Audio Mixdown” on page 484. Exporting and importing OMF files (Cubase only) Open Media Framework Interchange (OMFI) is a platform independent file format intended for the transfer of digital media between different applications. Cubase can import and export OMF files (file extension “.omf”), allowing you to use Cubase in conjunction with other audio and video applications. Exporting OMF files When exporting tracks and files as OMF, you should con- sider setting up your project to use mono tracks and mono files, to allow compatibility with audio applications that provide limited support for interleaved audio files. 1.Pull down the File menu, open the Export submenu and select “OMF…”. The Export Options dialog opens. The Export Options dialog for OMF files 2.Use the track list to the left to select the tracks that you want to include in the exported file. To select all tracks, click the “Select All” button. Normally, the whole project is included – to export the range between the locators only, activate “From Left to Right Locator”. !The resulting Wave/AIFF file will be several times larger than the original compressed file.
526 File handling •When referencing media files (see below), you can set the referenced output path by entering it in the “Media Destination Path” field or by clicking on “Browser…” and choosing it in the file dialog that opens. All file references will be set to this path. You can create references to media destinations that do not exist on the system you are currently working with, making it easy to prepare files for use in projects on an - other system or in a network environment. 3.If you want to create copies of all the media files, choose the “Copy Media” option. By default, the copied audio files are placed in a subdirectory in the ex- port destination folder. To specify a different location for the copied files, use the “Media Destination Path” field. 4.If you want to copy only the portions of audio files that are used in the project, activate “Consolidate Events”. You can also define handle lengths in milliseconds to include audio out- side each event boundary for later fine tuning. If you do not have any han-dles when consolidating audio files, you will not be able to adjust fades or edit points when the project is imported in another application. 5.Select “1.0 File” or “2.0 File”, depending on which OMF version is supported by the application in which you plan to import the file. •Select whether you want to include all audio data in the OMF file (“Export All to One File”) or use references only (“Export Media File References”). If you choose “Export All to One File”, the OMF file will be totally “self- contained”, but possibly very large. If you choose “Export Media File Ref - erences”, the file will be small, but the referenced audio files must be available for the receiving application. 6.If you selected the “2.0 File” option above, you can choose whether to include the volume settings and fades for the events (as set up with the event volume and fade handles) as well as the clip names – to include these in the OMF file, activate “Export Clip Based Volume”, “Use Fade Curves” and/or “Export Clip Names”. 7.Specify a sample size (resolution) for the exported files (or use the current project settings). 8.If you activate “Quantize Events to Frames”, the event positions in the exported file will be moved to exact frames. 9.Click OK, and specify a name and location in the file dialog that opens. The exported OMF file will contain (or reference) all audio files that are played in the project (including fade and edit files). It will not include unused audio files referenced in the Pool, or any MIDI data. Video files are not included. Importing OMF files 1.Pull down the File menu, open the Import submenu and select “OMF…”. 2.In the file dialog that opens, locate the OMF file and click Open. •If there is already an open project, a dialog opens in which you can select whether a new project is created for the file. If you select “No”, the OMF file will be imported into the current project. 3.If you choose to create a new project, a file dialog opens in which you can select the project folder. Select an existing project folder or create a new one. 4.The Import Options dialog opens, allowing you to choose a track for the import. •Activating the “Import all media files” option allows you to import media that is not referenced by events. •Activating the “Import Clip Gain as Automation” option imports volume automation and envelopes of the Volume Automation Track of each track. •“Import at Timecode Position” will insert the elements contained in the OMF file at their original timecode posi - tions. This is useful when you want to position every imported element at its ex-act timecode position, i. e. as it was saved in the OMF file. This way, the elements will end up at their correct time positions even when Cubase uses a different frame rate than the OMF file. This is usually required in a picture-related context. •“Import at Absolute Time” will insert the elements con- tained in the OMF file starting at the timecode position saved in the file and keeping the relative distances be - tween the elements. This is required when the relative positioning of the elements inside the OMF file needs to be maintained after importing it into the Cubase time- line (even if Cubase is set to a different frame rate than the OMF file). This is usually required in music contexts, where the timing between ob -jects has highest priority. •If the OMF file contains video event information, you are asked whether you want to create Markers at the start po - sition of the video events. This allows you to manually import the video files, using the Markers as position references. A new, untitled project is created (or tracks are added to the existing project), containing the audio events of the im - ported OMF file.
527 File handling Exporting and importing standard MIDI files Cubase can import and export standard MIDI files, which makes it possible to transfer MIDI material to and from virtu - ally any MIDI application on any platform. When you import and export MIDI files, you can also specify whether certain settings associated with the tracks are included in the files (automation tracks, volume and pan settings, etc.). Exporting MIDI files To export your MIDI tracks as a standard MIDI file, pull down the File menu and select “MIDI File…” from the Ex - port submenu. A regular file dialog opens, allowing you to specify a location and name for the file. When you have specified a location and a name for the file, click “Save”. The Export Options dialog opens, allowing you to specify a number of options for the file, e. g. what is in- cluded in the file, its type and its resolution (see below for a description of the options). The Export Options dialog You will also find most of these settings in the Preferences dialog (MIDI–MIDI File page). If you set these up in the Preferences dialog, you only need to click OK in the Ex - port Options dialog to proceed. The dialog contains the following options: OptionDescription Export Inspector PatchIf this is activated, the MIDI patch settings in the Inspec-tor – Bank Select and Program Select (used for selecting sounds in the connected MIDI instrument) are included as MIDI Bank Select and Program Change events in the MIDI file. Export Inspector Volume/PanIf this is activated, Volume and Pan settings made in the Inspector are included as MIDI Volume and Pan events in the MIDI file. Export AutomationIf this is activated, the automation data (as heard during playback) are converted to MIDI controller events and in-cluded in the MIDI file, see the chapter “Automation” on page 227. This also includes automation recorded with the MIDI Control plug-in (see the separate PDF docu-ment “Plug-in Reference”). Note that if a continuous controller (e. g. CC7) has been recorded but the Read button is deactivated for the auto-mation track (i. e. the automation is effectively switched off for this parameter), only the part data for this controller will be exported. If this option is deactivated and the Automation Read but-ton is activated, no Continuous Controllers are exported. If the Read button is deactivated, the Controller data of the MIDI part are exported (these will now be handled like “regular” part data). In most cases it is recommended to activate this option. Export InsertsIf this is activated and you are using MIDI modifiers or any MIDI plug-ins as insert effects, the modifications to the original MIDI notes that occur as a result of the effect(s) will be included in the MIDI file. A MIDI delay, for example, will produce a number of repeats to a MIDI note by actu -ally adding additional, “echoing” notes at rhythmic inter-vals – these notes will be included in the MIDI file if the option is activated. Export SendsIf this is activated and you are using any MIDI plug-ins as send effects, the modifications to the original MIDI notes that occur as a result of the effect(s) will be included in the MIDI file. Export MarkersIf this is activated, any markers you have added (see “Us-ing markers” on page 138) will be included in the MIDI file as standard MIDI file marker events. Export as Type 0If this is activated, the MIDI file will be of type 0 (all data on a single track, but on different MIDI channels). If you do not activate this option, the MIDI file will be of Type 1 (data on separate tracks). Which type to choose depends on what you want to do with the MIDI file (in which application or sequencer it should be used, etc.). Export ResolutionYou can specify a MIDI resolution between 24 and 960 for the MIDI file. The resolution is the number of pulses, or ticks, per quarter note (PPQ) and determines the preci -sion with which you will be able to view and edit the MIDI data. The higher the resolution, the higher the precision. Choose the resolution depending on the application or sequencer with which the MIDI file will be used, though, since certain applications and sequencers may not be able to handle certain resolutions.
528 File handling ÖThe MIDI file will include the tempo information of the project (i. e. it will include the tempo and time signature events of the Tempo Track Editor or, if the tempo track is deactivated on the Transport panel, the current tempo and time signature). ÖInspector settings other than those specified in the Export options are not included in the MIDI file! To include these, you need to convert the settings to “real” MIDI events and properties by using the Merge MIDI in Loop function for each track, see “Merge MIDI in Loop” on page 368. Importing MIDI files To import a MIDI file from disk, proceed as follows: 1.Select “MIDI File…” from the Import submenu of the File menu. 2.If there is already an open project, a dialog opens in which you can select whether a new project is created for the file. If you select “No”, the MIDI file will be imported into the current project. 3.Locate and select the MIDI file in the file dialog that opens and click Open. •If you choose to create a new project, select the project folder. Select an existing project folder or create a new one. The MIDI file is imported. The result depends on the con- tents of the MIDI file and the Import Options settings in the Preferences dialog (MIDI–MIDI File page). The Import Op - tions are as follows: •It is also possible to import a MIDI file from disk by drag- ging and dropping it from the Windows Explorer or the Mac OS Finder into the Project window. The Import Op - tions apply as well. Export Locator RangeIf this is activated, only the range between the locators will be exported. Export includes DelayIf this is activated, the delay of the MIDI track will be in-cluded in the MIDI file. For more information about the Delay option, see “Basic track settings” on page 349. Song name for Type 0You can use this text field to change the name of the MIDI file as displayed when loading this file in a keyboard. OptionDescription Extract First PatchIf this is activated, the first Program Change and Bank Select events for each track are converted to Inspector settings for the track. Extract First Volume/PanIf this is activated, the first MIDI Volume and Pan events for each track are converted to Inspector settings for the track. Option Description Import Con-troller as Auto-mation Tracks If this is activated, MIDI controller events in the MIDI file will be converted to automation data for the MIDI tracks. If this is deactivated, controller data for the MIDI Parts will be imported. Import to Left LocatorIf this is activated, the imported MIDI file will be placed so that it starts at the position of the left locator – otherwise it will start at the beginning of the project. Note that if you choose to have a new project created automatically, the MIDI file will always start at the beginning of the project. Import MarkersIf this is activated, standard MIDI file markers in the file will be imported and converted to Cubase markers. Import dropped File as single PartIf this is activated and you drag and drop a MIDI file into the project, the whole file will be placed on a single track. Ignore Master Track Events on MergeIf this is activated and you import a MIDI file into the cur-rent project, tempo and signature track data in the MIDI file are ignored. The imported MIDI file will play according to the current tempo and signature tracks in the project. If this option is deactivated, the Tempo Track Editor will be adjusted according to the tempo information in the MIDI file. Auto Dissolve Format 0If this is activated and you import a MIDI file of type 0 into the project, the file will automatically be “dissolved”: For each embedded MIDI channel in the file, a separate track will be inserted in the Project window. If this is deactivated, only one MIDI track will be created. This track will be set to MIDI Channel “Any”, allowing all MIDI events to play back on their original channels. You can also use the “Dissolve Part” function on the MIDI menu to distribute the events onto different tracks with different MIDI Channels at a later stage. DestinationHere, you can specify what happens when you drag a MIDI file into the project: - If you select the “MIDI Tracks” option, MIDI tracks are created for the imported file. - If you select the “Instrument Tracks” option, instrument tracks are created for each MIDI channel in the MIDI file. Furthermore, the program automatically loads appropriate presets. - If you select the “HALion Sonic SE multi-timbral” option, several MIDI tracks are created, each routed to a sepa-rate instance of HALion Sonic SE in the VST Instruments window and the appropriate presets are loaded. Option Description
529 File handling Support for the Yamaha XF data format Cubase supports the Yamaha XF format. XF is an exten- sion of the standard MIDI file format that allows you to save song-specific data with a MIDI file of type 0. When importing a MIDI file containing XF data, this data is placed in parts on separate tracks called “XF Data”, “Chord Data”, or “SysEx Data”. You can edit such a part in the List Editor (e. g. to add or change lyrics). Cubase can also export XF data as part of a MIDI file of type 0. If you do not want to export the XF data together with the MIDI data, mute or delete the tracks containing the XF data. Exporting and importing MIDI loops Cubase allows you to import MIDI loops (file extension “.midiloop”) and to save instrument parts as MIDI loops. MIDI loops are handy, as they contain not only MIDI notes and controllers, but also the associated VST instrument and instrument track preset settings. How to import and export MIDI loops is described in detail in the chapter “VST instruments and instrument tracks” on page 206. Exporting and importing track archives (Cubase only) You can export Cubase tracks (audio, FX, group, instru- ment, MIDI, and video) as track archives for import into other Cubase (or Nuendo) projects. All the information as - sociated with the tracks will be exported (Mixer channel settings, automation tracks, parts and events, etc.). If you select the “Copy” option (see below), a separate “media” folder will be created, containing copies of all referenced audio files. ÖProject-specific settings (such as tempo) are not part of the exported track archives. ÖFor creating track presets from tracks, see “Working with track presets” on page 331. Exporting tracks as track archives 1.Select the tracks you wish to export. 2.Pull down the File menu, open the Export submenu and choose “Selected Tracks…”. 3.You are prompted to choose between two options: •Click Copy to include copies of the media files in the ex- port. A file dialog opens in which you can choose an existing empty folder or create a new folder for saving the track archive (as XML file) and its me- dia subfolder, which will contain any associated audio or video files. •Click Reference to include merely a reference to the files in the export. A file dialog opens in which you can choose an existing folder for saving the track archive (as single XML file). 4.Click OK to save the track archive. Importing tracks from a track archive The Import Track Archive function lets you import tracks exported from another Cubase (or Nuendo) project. ÖNote that the sample rates of the active project and the track archive have to match. If necessary, you have to convert the sample rate, see below. 1.Pull down the File menu, open the Import submenu and select “Track Archive…”. 2.In the file dialog that opens, select the XML file and click Open. The Import Options dialog opens. In the Project Settings area, you can see a comparison between the settings of the track archive and the active project. !Do not change the order of events within the XF data or the event data itself, unless you have a lot of expe - rience with XF data.
530 File handling 3.Click in the Import column on the left to select the de- sired track(s) or click “Select all Tracks”. A checkmark is shown for all selected tracks. 4.Choose which media files to use. •Select “Use Media Files From Archive” if you want to import the track without copying the media files into your project folder. •Select “Copy Media To Project Folder” if you want to import the media files into your project folder. For the “Perform Sample Rate Conversion” option, see below. 5.Click OK. The tracks are imported, complete with all contents and settings. Sample rate conversion on track archive import A track archive may contain media files with a sample rate that is different from the sample rate of your currently ac - tive project. You can see the sample rate difference in the Project Settings area. •To convert the sample rate of a track archive to the sam- ple rate used in the active project on import, select the “Copy Media To Project Folder” option and then “Perform Sample Rate Conversion”. ÖUnconverted files with another sample rate than the one used in the project will play back at the wrong speed and pitch.