Hitachi Sj7002 Owners Manual

							Glossary
Appendix A
A–4
Isolation
TransformerA transformer with 1:1 voltage ratio that provides electrical isolation between its primary and 
secondary windings. These are typically used on  the power input side of the device to be 
protected. An isolation transformer can prot ect equipment from a ground fault or other 
malfunction of nearby equipment, as well as at tenuate harmful harmonics and transients on the 
input power.
Jogging
OperationUsually done manually, a jog  command from an operator’s pa nel requests the motor/drive 
system to run indefinitely in  a particular direction, until th e machine operator ends the jog 
operation.
Jump FrequencyA jump frequency is a point on the inverter output frequency range that you want the inverter to 
skip around. This feature may be used to avoi d a resonant frequency, and you can program up 
to three jump frequencies in the inverter.
Line ReactorA three-phase inductor generally installed in the AC input circuit of an inverter to minimize 
harmonics and to limit short-circuit current.
MomentumThe physical property of a body in motion that causes it to continue to remain in motion. In the 
case of motors, the rotor and attached load  are rotating and possess angular momentum.
Multi-speed 
OperationThe ability of a motor drive to store preset di screte speed levels for the motor, and control 
motor speed according to the currently selected  speed preset. The Hitachi inverters have 16 
preset speeds.
Motor LoadIn motor terminology, motor load consists of  the inertia of the physical mass that is moved by 
the motor and the related friction from guiding mechanisms. See also  inertia.
NECThe National Electric Code is a regulatory document that governs electrical power and device 
wiring and installation in the United States.
NEMAThe National Electric Manufactu rer’s Association. NEMA Codes are a published series of 
device ratings standards. Industry  uses these to evaluate or compare the performance of devices 
made by various manufacture rs to a known standard.
Open-collector 
OutputsA common logic-type discrete output  that uses an NPN transistor that acts as a switch to a 
power supply common, usually ground. The transistor’s  collector is open for external connec-
tion (not connected inte rnally). Thus, the output  sinks external load current to ground.
OrientationWhen using the expansion card SJ-FB with enco der feedback, the orientation feature is avail-
able. Also called  home search in motion terminology, you can specify a search direction and a 
stop position. Typically the orientation proce dure is necessary after each inverter powerup.
Power FactorA ratio that expresses a phase difference (timing offset) between current and voltage supplied 
by a power source to a load. A  perfect power factor = 1.0 (no pha se offset). Power factors less 
than one cause some energy loss in power  transmission wiring (source to load). 
PID LoopProportional-Integral-Derivative – a mathematical  model used for process control. A process 
controller maintains a process variable (PV) at  a setpoint (SP) by using its PID algorithm to 
compensate for dynamic conditions and varies  its output to drive the PV toward the desired 
value. See also  error.
Process VariableA physical property of a process that is of intere st because it affects the quality of the primary 
task accomplished by the process. For an industr ial oven, temperature is the process variable. 
See also  PID Loop  and error.
PWMPulse-width modulation: A type of AC adjustab le frequency drive that accomplishes frequency 
and voltage control at the output  section (inverter) of the drive. The drive output voltage 
waveform is at a constant amplitude, and by “cho pping” the waveform (pulse-width-modulat-
ing), the average voltage is controlled. The  chopping frequency is sometimes called the  carrier 
frequency .

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							SJ7002 Inverter
Appendix A
A–5
ReactanceThe impedance of inductors and capacitors has two components. The resistive part is constant, 
while the reactive part change s with applied frequency. These devices have a complex imped-
ance (complex number), where the resistance is  the real part and the reactance is the imaginary 
part.
RectifierAn electronic device made of  one or more diodes that conver ts AC power into DC power. 
Rectifiers are usually used in combination with  capacitors to filter (smooth) the rectified 
waveform to closely approximate a pure DC voltage source.
Regenerative 
BrakingA particular method of generating reverse torque to a motor, an inverter will switch internally to 
allow the motor to become a generator and will  either store the energy internally, deliver the 
braking energy back to the main power input, or dissipate it with a resistor.
RegulationThe quality of control applied to maintain a para meter of interest at a desired value. Usually 
expressed as a percent (+/-) from the nominal, motor regulation usually refers to its shaft speed.
Reverse TorqueThe torque applied in the direction opposite to mo tor shaft rotation. As such, reverse torque is a 
decelerating force on the motor and its external load.
RotorThe windings of a motor that rotate, being physic ally coupled to the motor shaft. See also 
stator.
Saturation 
Vo l t a g eFor a transistor semiconductor device, it is in sa turation when an increase in input current no 
longer results in an increase in the output current. The saturation voltage is the voltage drop 
across the device. The ideal saturation voltage is zero.
Sensorless 
Vector ControlA technique used in variable-frequency drives to  rotate the force vector in the motor without the 
use of a shaft position sensor (angular). Benefits  include an increase in torque at the lowest 
speed and the cost savings from the lack of a shaft position sensor.
Setpoint (SP)The setpoint is the desired value of a  process variable of interest. See also Process Variable 
(PV)  and PID Loop .
Single-phase 
PowerAn AC power source consisting of Hot and Neut ral wires. An Earth Ground connection usually 
accompanies them. In theory, th e voltage potential on Neutral stays at or near Earth Ground, 
while Hot varies sinusoidally above and below  Neutral. This power source is named Single 
Phase to differentiate it from three-phase power sources. Some Hitachi inverters can accept 
single phase input power, but they all output  three-phase power to the motor. See also three-
phase .
SlipThe difference between the theoretical (synchro nous) speed of a motor at no load (determined 
by its inverter output waveforms)  and the actual speed. Some slip is essential in order to 
develop torque to the load, but too much will cause excessive heat in the motor windings and/or 
cause the motor to stall.
Squirrel CageA “nick-name” for the appearance of the rotor  frame assembly for an AC induction motor. 
StatorThe windings in a motor that are stationary and coupled to the power input of the motor. See 
also  rotor .
Start FrequencyThe output frequency that the inverter firs t produces as the frequency command setting 
increases from zero. The start frequency is prog rammable, and is important to set properly for 
the load, etc.
Tachometer1. A signal generator usua lly attached to the motor shaft for the purpose of providing feedback 
to the speed controlling device of the motor.   2. A speed-monitoring test meter that may 
optically sense shaft rotation speed and display it on a readout.

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							Bibliography
Appendix A
A–6
Thermal SwitchAn electromechanical safety device that opens to stop current  flow when the temperature at the 
device reaches a specific temperature threshold. Thermal switches are sometimes installed in 
the motor in order to protect the windings fro m heat damage. The inverter can use thermal 
switch signals to trip (shut down ) if the motor overheats. See also  trip.
ThermistorA type of temperature sensor that changes its resistance according to its temperature. The 
sensing range of thermistors and their rugg edness make them ideal for motor overheating 
detection. Hitachi inverters have built-in thermistor input circuits, which can detect an 
overheated motor and shut OFF  (trip) the inverter output.
Three-phase 
PowerAn AC power source with three Hot connections that have phase offsets of 120 degrees is a 3-
phase power source. Usually, Neutral and Earth Ground wi res accompany the three Hot 
connections. Loads may be configured in a delta  or Y configuration. A Y-connected load such 
as an AC induction motor will be  a balanced load; the currents in all the Hot connections are the 
same. Therefore, the Neutral connection is theoretically zero. This is why inverters that 
generate 3-phase power for motors  do not generally have a Neutral connection to the motor. 
However, the Earth Ground connection is important for safety reasons, and is provided.
TorqueA measure of rotational force. The units of measurement are the product of the distance (radius 
from shaft center axis) and force  (weight) applied at that distance. Units are usually given as 
pound-feet, ounce-inches, or Newton-meters.
TransistorA solid state, three-terminal devi ce that provides amplification of signals and can be used for 
switching and control. While transistors have a  linear operating range, inverters use them as 
high-powered switches. Recent developments in  power semiconductors have produced transis-
tors capable of handling high voltages and currents, all  with high reliability. The saturation 
voltage has been decreasing, resu lting in less heat dissipation. Hitachi inverters use state-of-
the-art semiconductors to provide high performanc e and reliability in a compact package. See 
also  IGBT  and saturation voltage .
Tr i pAn event that causes the inverter to stop  operation is called a “trip” event (as in tripping a 
circuit breaker). The inverter keeps a history log  of trip events. They also require an action to 
clear.
Watt LossA measure of the internal power loss of a com ponent, the difference between the power it 
consumes and what its output delivers. An inve rter’s watt loss is the input power minus the 
power delivered to the motor. The watt loss is ty pically highest when an inverter is delivering 
its maximum output. Therefore, watt loss is usua lly specified for a particular output level. 
Inverter watt loss specifications are  important when designing enclosures.
Bibliography
TitleAuthor and Publisher
Variable Speed Drive Fundamentals, 2nd Ed. Phipps, Clarence A. The Fairmont Press, Inc. / Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1997
ISBN 0-13-636390-3
Electronic Variable Speed Drives Brumbach, Michael E. Delmar Publishers 1997
ISBN 0-8273-6937-9
Hitachi Inverter Technical Guide Book Published by Hitachi, Ltd. Japan   1995 Publication SIG-E002

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							Serial 
Communications
In This Appendix....page
— Introduction.......................................................................................   2
— ASCII Mode Communications...........................................................   5
— Communications Reference Information........................................   18
— ModBus Mode Communications.....................................................   21
— ModBus Data Listing.......................................................................   33
B

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							Introduction
Appendix B
B–2
Introduction
SJ7002 inverters have a built-in RS485 serial communications interface. This serial communi-
cations function provides a way of controll ing from 1 to 32 inverters on a common serial 
network. SJ700
2, SJ300, and L300P inverters all have th e same communications prototol. In a 
typical application, a host computer  or controller is the master and each of the inverter(s) is a 
slave, as shown in the figure below.
The specifications for SJ700
2 Series RS485 serial  communications are in the following table:
RS485 serial network 1232
SJ700SJ700SJ700
ItemASCII ModeModBus RTU modeUser-selectable
Transmission speed 2400 / 4800 / 9600 / 19200 bps ✔
Communication modes Half duplex (o ne device transmits at a time) ✘
Synchronization Start/stop transm issionAsychronous transmission ✘
Character code ASCII code Binary code ✘
LSB placement Transmits LSB first ✘
Electrical interface RS485 differential transceiver ✘
Data bits 7 or 8 bits 8 bits ✔
Parity None / even / odd✔
Stop bits 1 or 2 bits✔
Start convention One-way start only by command from host device on network ✘
Wait time for response 10 to 1,000 ms 0 to 1,000 ms✔
Connection format Station address numbers from 1 to 32 maximum ✔
Error check Overrun, framing, BCC, vertical 
parity, and longitudinal parity 
errors Overrun, framing, CRC-16, and 
longitudinal parity errors
✘

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							SJ7002 Inverter
Appendix B
B–3
Serial Connection 
DiagramsThe serial connector is to the left of the control logic connector as shown below:
Each device requires just two connections in  parallel for data transmission and reception. 
Additionally, the device at each  physical end of the wiring requir es a termination resistor. The 
SJ700
2 has built-in termination resistors that become  part of the circuit when you add a jumper 
as shown. The termination resistor help s to suppress electrical reflections.
TIP: Each slave device on the seri al network must have a unique  node address, set by parame-
ter C072. If this is a new application, we re commend connecting one new device at a time and 
checking the communications after each addition.
SPSNRPSN
Serial
Communications
Connector
Send/receive (+) Positive
Send/receive (–) Negative
Termination resistor (+)
Termination resistor (–)
SPSNRPSNSPSNRPSNSPSNRPSN
Termination jumper
Send/receive (+) Send/receive (–)
SJ700SJ700SJ700

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							Introduction
Appendix B
B–4
Serial Network 
Parameter 
SettingsSeveral parameter settings are necessary to configure serial communications, listed below. 
For inverters on the same network, some settings  must match from inverter to inverter. These 
include: Baud rate, data bi ts, parity, and stop bits. However, the node address on each inverter 
must be unique, used only once on the network.
Communication 
Test ModeUse the communication test mode to check the  RS485 serial port hardware on the inverter. Use 
the following procedure:
1. Disconnect the wiring from the TM2 serial  port terminal block on the inverter.
2. Set parameter C071 = 02 (loopback test)
3. Turn the inverter power OFF and then ON again to initiate the communication test.
4. Check the pass/fail results acco rding to the keypad display.
5. Press the STOP/RESET key on the digital operator keypad (or the Reset button on the copy 
unit) to switch to the normal setting display.
6. Set parameter C071 to the desire d setting for normal operation.
Function 
CodeItemVa l u eDescription
C071 Baud rate 02 Loop-back test
03 2400 bps
04 4800 bps
05 9600 bps
06 19200 bps
C072 Node address 1 to 32, 
FF 1 to 32 – Node or station address (unique 
to each inverter or device)
FF – Automatic broadcast (to all nodes on 
transmit, allowed only on certain 
commands (refer to each command 
description in 
this appendix)
C073 Data bits 07 7 bits
08 8 bits
C074 Parity 00 none
01 Even parity
02 Odd parity
C075 Stop bits 01 1 bit
02 2 bits
C078 Wait time 0 to 1000 0 to 1000 ms time that the inverter waits  to respond to network master
C079 Communication  protocol select 00 ASCII
01 ModBus RTU
Abnormal termination
Normal termination

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							SJ7002 Inverter
Appendix B
B–5
ASCII Mode Communications
Introduction to 
Command ListThe network master sends a frame to 
initiate communications with a slave, as 
shown in the figure to the right. After 
the set waiting time (per parameter 
C078, the inverter responds.
The following table lists the commands (single-character codes) sent to a particular device on 
the network. Some commands may be broadcast to all devices on the network.
NOTE:  Use of command 08 – set inverter parameters  to default values first requires setting the 
initialization mode parameter B084 to 01 (initial izes parameters only) or 02 (initializes param-
eters and clears the trip history).
Command – 00The 00 command controls the Forward, Reverse, and Stop mode of the inverter. You must set 
parameter A002=03 in order for serial communi cations control of the inverter to apply.
The frame format of command 00 follows the 
timing diagram and specification table.
Command  CodeDescriptionBroadcast to all devices
00 Forward / Reverse / Stop command ✔
01 Setting of frequency in standard profile ✔
02 Setting of intelligent terminal state ✔
03 Read all monitor data (block read) —
04 Read inverter status —
05 Read trip history —
06 Read a single parameter value —
07 Write a single parameter value ✔
08 Set inverter parameters to default values ✔
09 Verifies that the re quested setting can be 
written to EEPROM. —
0A Writes a parameter value to EEPROM ✔
0B Requests the recalculation of internal constant ✔
Host
(master)
wait
time
frame
Inverter (slave) frame
C078
Transmitting 
device:
STXNode Command Data BCC [CR]
Frame format

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							ASCII Mode Communications
Appendix B
B–6
The example below shows a transmission to the inverter at address Node 1 to rotate the motor 
in the forward direction.
Command – 01The 01 command sets the output frequency for the  standard profile. You must set parameter 
A002=03 in order for serial communicati ons control of the inverter to apply.
The frame format of command 01 follows the 
timing diagram and  specification table.
The example below shows a transmission to the in verter at address Node 1 to set the output 
frequency for 5 Hz. We use a value of 500 in ASCII to represent 5.00 Hz.
When using the data as the feedback (process vari able) for PID control, set the most significant 
byte to ASCII “1.” The following example transmits the data “5%.” 
ElementDescriptionSizeVa l u e
STX Control code (STart of TeXt) 1 byte STX (0x02)
Node Node (station) address of inverter 2  bytes 01 to 32, and FF (broadcast to all 
nodes)
Command Transmission command 2 bytes 00
Data Transmission data 1 byte 00 = Stop command 01 = Forward command
02 = Reverse command
BCC Block check sum code 2 bytes Exclusive OR of Node,  Command, and Data
[CR] Control code (carriage return) 1 byte [CR] (0x0D)
(STX) | 01 | 00 | 1 | (BCC) | [CR]to ASCII 02 | 30 31 | 30 30 | 31 | 33 30 | 0D
ElementDescriptionSizeVa l u e
STX Control code (STart of TeXt) 1 byte STX (0x02)
Node Node (station) address of inverter 2  bytes 01 to 32, and FF (broadcast to all 
nodes)
Command Transmission command 2 bytes 01
Data Transmission data 6 bytes ASCII code for ten times the 
frequency (acc ommodates two 
decimal places)
BCC Block check sum code 2 bytes Exclusive OR of Node, 
Command, and Data
[CR] Control code (carriage return) 1 byte [CR] (0x0D)
STXNode Command Data BCC [CR]
Frame format
(STX) | 01 | 01 | 000500 | (BCC) | [CR]
to ASCII 02 | 30 31 | 30 31 | 30 30 30 35 30 30 | 30 35 | 0D
(STX) | 01 | 01 | 000500 | (BCC) | [CR]
to ASCII 02 | 30 31 | 30 31 | 31 30 30 35 30 30 | 30 35 | 0D

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							SJ7002 Inverter
Appendix B
B–7
Commands – 
02 and 12The 02 command sets the logic state (ON or OFF) of the intelligent input terminals.
The frame format of command 02 follows the 
timing diagram and specification table.
The 16-byte data string is specif ied in the following tables:   
ElementDescriptionSizeVa l u e
STX Control code (STart of TeXt) 1 byte STX (0x02)
Node Node (station) address of inverter 2 bytes 01 to 32, and FF (broadcast to all)
Command Transmission command 2 bytes 02 or 12
Data Transmission data 16  bytes (see tables below)
BCC Block check sum code 2 bytes Exclusive OR of Node,  Command, and Data
[CR] Control code (carriage return) 1 byte [CR] (0x0D)
STXNode Command Data BCC [CR]
Frame format
Data (Hex)02 Command DescriptionData (Hex)02 CommandDescription
000000000000 0001 [FW] Forward command 0000000100000000 [SF1] Multi-speed bit-level
000000000000 0002 [RV] Reverse comm and0000000200000000 [SF2] Multi-speed bit-level
000000000000 0004 [CF1] Multi-speed  10000000400000000 [SF3] Multi-speed bit-level
000000000000 0008 [CF2] Multi-speed  20000000800000000 [SF4] Multi-speed bit-level
000000000000 0010 [CF3] Multi-speed  30000001000000000 [SF5] Multi-speed bit-level
000000000000 0020 [CF4] Multi-speed  40000002000000000 [SF6] Multi-speed bit-level
000000000000 0040 [JG] Jog operatio n0000004000000000 [SF7] Multi-speed bit-level
0000000000000080 [DB] Dynamic braking 0000008000000000 [OLR] Overload restriction setting
0000000000000100 [SET] set 2nd motor 0000010000000000 [TL] Torque limit
0000000000000200 [2CH] 2-stage adjustable speed 0000020000000000 [TRQ1] Torque limit select 1
0000000000000400 —0000040000000000 [TRQ2] Torque limit select 2
0000000000000800 [FRS] Free-run stop 0000080000000000 [PPI P/PI] inverter mode select 
0000000000001000 [EXP] External trip 0000100000000000 [BOK] Brake confirmation
0000000000002000 [USP] Unattended start protection 0000200000000000 [ORT] Orientation (home) command
0000000000004000 [CS] Commercial power change 0000400000000000 [LAC] Linear Accel/decel Cancel
000000000000 8000 [SFT] Software lo ck0000800000000000 [PCLR] Pos ition error clear
0000000000010000 [AT] analog input voltage/current 0001000000000000 [STAT] Pulse train input enable
0000000000020000 [SET3] Set 3rd motor 0002000000000000—
000000000004 0000 [RS] Reset 0004000000000000 [ADD] Trigger for frequency addition
0000000000080000 —0008000000000000 [F-TM] Forcible terminal operation
0000000000100000 [STA] 3-wire Start 0010000000000000 [ATR] Permission of torque command
0000000000200000 [STP] 3-wire Hold 0020000000000000 [KHC] Cumulative power clearance
0000000000400000 [F/R] 3-wire FWD/REV 0040000000000000 [SON] Servo ON
0000000000800000 [PID] PID enable 0080000000000000 [FOC] Forcing
0000000001000000 [PIDC] PID integrator reset 0100000000000000 [MI1] General-purpose input 1
0000000002000000 —0200000000000000 [MI2] General-purpose input 2

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