Hitachi Sj7002 Owners Manual
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Using Intelligent Input Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4–20 Two - s t ag e Acceleration and Deceleration When terminal [2CH] is turned ON, the inverter changes the rate of acceleration and deceleration from the initial settings (F002 and F003) to use the second set of accelera- tion/deceleration values (A092 and A093). When the terminal is turned OFF, the inverter returns to the original acceleration and deceleration time (F002 acceleration time 1 and F003 deceleration time 1). Use A092 (acceleration time 2) and A093 (deceleration time 2) to set the second stage acceleration and de celeration times. In the graph shown above, the [2CH] signal become s active during acceleration. This causes the inverter to switch from using acceler ation 1 (F002) to acceleration 2 (A092). Note the following: Function A094 selects the me thod for second stage acceleration. It must be set = 00 to select the input terminal method in order for the [2CH] terminal assi gnment to operate. Free-run Stop When the terminal [FRS] is turned ON, the inverter turns OFF the output and the motor enters the free-run state (coasting). If terminal [FRS] is turned OFF, the output resumes sending power to the motor if the Run command is still active. The free-run stop feature works with other parameters to provide flexibility in stopping and starting motor rotation. In the diagram below, parameter B088 selects whether the inverter resumes operation from 0 Hz (left graph) or the current motor rotation speed (right graph) when the [FRS] terminal turns OFF. The application de termines the best setting. Parameter B003 specifies a delay time before resuming operation from a free-run stop. To disable this feature, use a zero delay time. In the diagram above, [FRS] signal is active hi gh. If you want the [FRS] terminal to be active low (normally closed logic), chan ge the setting (C011 to C018) that corresponds to the input [1] to [8] that is assigned the [FRS] function (C001 to C008). Opt. Code09 Symbol[2CH] Va l i d f o r Inputs[1] to [8] RequiredSettings A092, A093, A094=0 Default terminal[5] Output frequency [FW, RV] t target frequency initial second Input signals [2CH] Opt. Code11 Symbol[FRS] Va l i d f o r Inputs[1] to [8] RequiredSettings B003, B088, C011 to C018 Default terminal[4] FRS Switches Motor speed [FW, RV] Zero-frequency start FRS Switches Motor speed Resume from current speed wait time [FW, RV]B003 B088=01B088=00Resume from 0Hz tt Phone: 800.894.0412
SJ7002 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4–21 External Trip When the terminal [EXT] transitions OFF-to-ON, the inverter enters the trip state, indicates error code E12, and stops the output. This is a general purpose interrupt type feature, and the meaning of the error depends on what you connect to the [EXT] terminal. Even if [EXT] is turned OFF, the inverter remains in the trip stat e. You must reset the inverter or cycle power to clear the error, returning the inverter to the Stop Mode. In the graph below, the [EXT] input turns ON during normal Run Mode operation. The inverter lets the motor free-run to a stop, and the alarm output turns ON immediately. When the operator initiates a Reset comman d, the alarm and error are cleared. When the Reset is turned OFF, the motor begins rotation since the Run command is already active. If the USP (Unattended Start Prot ection) feature is in use, the inverter will not automatically restart after cancelling the EXT trip event. In that case, it must receive either another Run command (OFF-to-ON transition), a keypad Reset command, or an [RS] intelligent terminal input signal. Unattended Start Protection If the Run command is already present when powe r is turned ON, the inverter starts running immediately after powerup. The Unattended Start Protection (USP) function prevents that automatic startup. If the [USP] input is active, the inverter will not run without outside interven- tion. In this case, there are two ways to reset an alarm and resume running: 1. Turn the Run command OFF, or 2. Perform a reset operation by the terminal [R S] input or the keypad Stop/reset key The three examples below show how the USP func tion works in the scenarios described at the bottom of the diagram. The error code E13 indi cates the USP trip state and corresponds to the Alarm signal in the diagram. Note the following; Note that when a USP error occurs and it is ca nceled by a reset from the [RS] terminal input or keypad, the inverter restarts immediately. Even when the trip state is canceled by turn ing the terminal [RS] ON and OFF after an under- voltage trip E09 occurs, the USP function will be performed. Opt. Code12 Symbol[EXT] Valid for Inputs[1] to [8] RequiredSettings (none) Default terminal Requires config.[EXT] [FW, RV] [RS] Motor revolution speed Alarm output terminal t free run Opt. Code13 Symbol[USP] Valid for Inputs[1] to [8] RequiredSettings (none) Default terminal[6]* * Default for -FU2 models only; others require input configuration Powe r supply [FW] Output frequency When USP is ON after powerup, the alarm (E13) will clear when the Run command (FW or RV) turns OFF. [USP] [RS] AlarmIf the alarm is cleared during Run command, the inverter output restarts automatically. If the Run command is already OFF at powerup, the inverter output starts normally. Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 t Phone: 800.894.0412 - Fax: 888.723.4773 - Web: www.clrwtr.com - Email: [email protected]
Using Intelligent Input Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4–22 When the Run command is active immediately after the power is turned ON, a USP error will occur. When this function is used, wait for at least three (3) seconds after powerup before applying a Run command. Commercial Power Source Enable The commercial power source switching function is useful in systems with excessive starting torque requirements. This feature permits the mo tor to be started “across the line,” sometimes called a bypass configuration. After the motor is runnin g, the inverter takes over to control the speed. This feature can eliminate the need to oversize the inverter, reducing cost. However, additional hardware such as magnetic contactors wi ll be required to realize this function. For example, a system may require 55KW to start, but only 15KW to run at constant speed. There- fore, a 15KW rated inverter would be suffic ient when using the commercial power source switching. The [CS] Commercial Power Source Enable input signal operation is as follows: OFF-to-ON transition signals the inverter that the motor is already running at powerup (via bypass), thus suppressing the inverter’s motor output in Run Mode. ON-to-OFF transition signals the inverter to a pply a time delay (B003), frequency match its output to existing motor speed, and resume normal Run Mode operation The following block diagram shows an inverter system with bypass capability. When starting the motor directly across the line, relay contacts Mg2 are closed, and Mg1 and Mg3 are open. This is the bypass configuration, since the inverter is isolated from the power source and motor. Then Mg1 contacts close about 0.5 to 1 second after that, supplying power to the inverter. Opt. Code14 Symbol[CS] Va l i d f o r Inputs[1] to [8] RequiredSettings B003, B007 Default terminal Requires config. U V W Motor R S T R0 T0 SJ7002 H O L FW [RV] [CS] CM1 Mg3 MCCB Mg1 GFI Mg2 Thermal switch Power source, 3-phase AL0 AL2 AL1 L1 L2 L3 Phone: 800.894.0412
SJ7002 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4–23 Switching to inverter control occurs after the mo tor is running at full speed. First, Mg2 relay contacts open. Then about 0.5 to 1 seconds later, relay Mg3 contacts close, connecting the inverter to the motor. The following timing diagram shows the event sequence: In the previous timing diagram, when the mo tor has been started across the line, Mg2 is switched OFF and Mg3 is switched ON. With the Forward command to the inverter already ON, the [CS] terminal is switched ON and relay Mg 1 contacts close. The inverter will then read the motor RPM (frequency matching). When the [C S] terminal is switched OFF, the inverter applies the Retry wait time before motor restar t parameter (B003). Once the delay time has elapsed the inverter wi ll then start and match the frequency (if greater than the threshold set by B007). If an over-current trip occurs during frequency matching, extend the retry wait time B003. If the ground fault interrupter breaker (GFI) trips on a ground fault, the bypass circuit will not operate the mo tor. When an inverter backup is required, take the supply from the bypass circuit GFI. Use control relays for [FW], [RV], and [CS]. Software Lock When the terminal [SFT] is ON, the data of all the parameters and func tions (except the output frequency, depending on the setting of B031) is locked (prohibited from editing). The keypad and remote programming devices will be preven ted from changing parameters. To edit parame- ters again, turn OFF the [SFT] terminal input. Use parameter B031 to select whether the output frequency is excluded from the lock state or is locked as well. Note the following: When the [SFT] terminal is turned ON, only the output frequency can be changed. Software lock can include the output frequency by setting B031. Software lock by the operator is also possibl e without the [SFT] terminal being used (B031). Mg1 Mg2 Mg3 FW [CS] Mg2/Mg3 delay time 0.5 to 1 sec. Set to 0.5 to 1 sec. typical Frequency matching Inverter output Normal operationB003 (Retry wait timebefore motor restart) Opt. Code15 Symbol[SFT] Valid for Inputs[1] to [8] RequiredSettings B031 (excluded from lock) Default terminal Requires config. Phone: 800.894.0412
Using Intelligent Input Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4–24 Analog Input Current/Voltage Select The [AT] terminal operates in c onjunction with parameter setting A005 to determine the analog input terminals that are enabled for current or voltage input. Setting A006 determines whether the signal will be bipolar, allowing for a reverse direction range. Note th at current input signal cannot be bipolar and cannot reverse direction (must use [FW] and [RV] command with current input operation). The basic operation of th e [AT] intelligent input is as follows: [AT] = ON and A005 = 00 – [AT] will enable terminals [OI]–[L] for current input, 4to20mA [AT] = ON and A005 = 01 – [AT] will enable terminals [O2]–[L] for voltage input [AT] = OFF – Terminals [O]–[L] are enabled for vo ltage input (A005 may be equal to 00 or 01) in this case Be sure to set the frequency source setting A0 01=01 to select the analog input terminals. Please refer to “ Analog Input Operation” on page 4–63 for more informati on on bipolar input configuration, and the operating ch aracteristics of analog inputs. Reset Inverter The [RS] terminal causes the inverter to turn OFF the motor output and execute a powerup reset. If the inverter is in Trip Mode, the reset cancels the Trip state. When the signal [RS] is turned ON and OFF, the inverter executes the reset opera- tion. The minimum pulse width for [RS] must be 12 ms or greater. The alarm output will be cleared within 30 ms after the onset of the Reset command. Note the following: When the control terminal [RS] input is already ON at powerup for more than 4 seconds, the remote operator display is “R-ERROR COMM” (the display of the digital operator is – – – –). However, the inverter has no error. To clear the digital operator error, turn OFF the terminal [RS] input and press one of the operator keys. The active edge (leading or trailing) of the [R S] signal is determined by the setting of C102. A terminal configured with the [RS] functi on can only be configured as a normally open contact. The terminal cannot be used in the normally closed contact state. When input power is turned ON, the inverter performs the same reset operation as it does when a pulse on the [RS] terminal occurs. NOTE: For inverter models –1850Hxx to –4000Hxx: Af ter an external reset input [RS] occurs, the internal cooling fan turn ON after stopping once. WARNING: After the Reset command is given and th e alarm reset occurs, the motor will restart suddenly if the Run command is already active. Be sure to set the alarm reset after verifying that the Run command is OFF to prevent injury to personnel. Opt. Code16 Symbol[AT] Va l i d f o r Inputs[1] to [8] RequiredSettings A001 = 01 A005 = 00 / 01 A006 = 00 / 01 / 02 Default terminal[2] Opt. Code18 Symbol[RS] Va l i d f o r Inputs[1] to [8] RequiredSettings B003, B007, C102, C103 Default terminal[1] [RS] Alarm output t 12 ms minimum approx. 30 ms Phone: 800.894.0412 - Fax: 888.723.4773 - Web: www.clrwtr.com - Email: [email protected]
SJ7002 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4–25 Thermistor Thermal Protection Motors that are equipped with a thermistor ca n be protected from overheating. Input terminal [TH] is dedicated to sense ther mistor resistance. The input can be set up (via B098 and B099) to accept a wide variety of NTC or PTC type thermistors. Use this function to protect the motor from overheating. When a thermistor is connected between terminals [TH] and [CM1], the inverter checks for over-temperature and will cause a trip (E35) and turn OFF the output to the motor. Be sure the thermistor is connected to terminals [TH] and [CM1]. If the resistance is above or below (depending on whether NTC or PTC) the threshold the inverter will trip. When the motor cools down enough, the thermistor resistance will ch ange enough to permit you to clear the error. Press the STOP/Reset key to clear the error. An open circuit in the thermistor causes a trip, and the inverter turns OFF the motor output. Three-wire Interface Operation The 3-wire interface is an industry standard motor control interface. This function uses two inputs for momentary contact start/stop control, and a third for selecting forward or reverse direction. To implement the 3-wire interface, assign 20 [STA] (Start), 21 [STP] (Stop), and 22 [F/R] (Forward/Reverse) to three of the intelligent input terminals. Use momentary contacts for Start and Stop. Use a selector switch, such as SPST for the Forward/Reverse input. Be sure to set the operation command selection A002=01 for input terminal control of motor. Note the following: If you have a motor control interface that ne eds logic-level control (rather than momentary pulse control), use the [FW] and [RV] inputs instead. The STP logic is inverted. Normally the switch will be closed, so you open the switch to stop. In this way, a broken wire causes the motor to stop automatically (safe design). When you configure the inverter for 3-wire interface control, the dedicated [FW] terminal is automatically disabled. The [RV] intelligen t terminal assignment is also disabled. The diagram below shows the use of 3-wire control. STA (Start Motor) is an edge-sensitive input; an OFF-to-ON transition gives the Start command. The control of direction is level- sensitive, and the direction may be changed at any time. STP (Stop Motor) is also a level- sensitive input. Opt. Code— Symbol[TH] Valid for Inputs [TH only] Required Settings B098, B099, and C085 Default terminal[TH] 531 7642 8FWTH PLC CM1 P24CM1 TH thermistor Motor Opt. Code and Symbol20=[STA] 21=[STP] 22=F/R Valid for Inputs[1] to [8] RequiredSettings A002=01 Default terminal Requires config. SymbolFunction NameDescription STA Start Motor Start motor rotation on momentary contact (uses accel- eration profile) STP Stop Motor Stop motor rotation on momentary open (OFF is active state), (uses deceleration profile) F/R Forward/Reverse ON = Reverse; OFF = Forward [STA] terminal [F/R] terminal [STP] terminal Motor revolution speed Forward Reverse t Phone: 800.894.0412
Using Intelligent Input Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4–26 PID Disable and PID Clear The PID loop function is useful for controlling motor speed to achieve constant flow, pressure, temperature, etc. in many process applications. PID Disable – This function temporarily suspends PID loop execution via an intelligent input terminal. It overrides the parameter A071 (PID Enable) to stop PID execution and return to normal motor frequency output char acteristics. the use of PID Disable on an intelligent input terminal is optional. Of course, any use of the PID loop control requires setting PID Enable function A071=01. PID Clear – This function forces the PID loop integrator sum = 0. So, when you turn ON an intelligent input configured as [PIDC], the integrat or sum is reset to zero. This is useful when switching from manual control to PID loop control and the motor is stopped. Note the following: The use of [PID] and [PIDC] terminals are optional. Use A071=01 if you want PID loop control enabled all the time. Do not enable/disable PID control while the motor is running (inverter is in Run Mode). Do not turn ON the [PIDC] input while the motor is running (inverter is in Run Mode). CAUTION: Be careful not to turn PID Clear ON and re set the integrator sum when the inverter is in Run Mode (output to motor is ON). Otherwise, this could cause the motor to decelerate rapidly, resulting in a trip. Internal Speed Loop Gain Settings When sensorless vector control, 0Hz sensorless vector control, or vector control with sensor is selected for the control method, the Control Gain Switching function selects between two sets of gains in the internal speed loop. These gains are used in proportional and integral compensa- tion. When Control Gain Switchi ng is not selected for an intelligent input terminal, the default gains in effect correspond to the OFF state of [CAS]. Use [PPI] P/PI Control Switching to select be tween proportional and proportional-integral control. The table below lists the functions and parameter se ttings related to internal speed loop gains. Opt. Code and Symbol23=[PID] 24=[PIDC] Va l i d f o r Inputs[1] to [8] Required Settings A071 Default terminal Requires config. Opt. Code and Symbol26=[CAS] 43=[PPI] Va l i d f o r Inputs[1] to [8] Required Settings A044 / A244 / A344 = 03, 04, or 05 Default terminal Requires config. SymbolFunction NameInput StateDescription CAS Control Gain Switching ON Gains in parameters H070, H071, and H072 are selected OFF Gains in parameters H050, H051, H052; or, H250, H251, H252 (2nd motor) are selected PPI P / PI Control Switching ON Sel ects Proportional control (P) OFF Selects Proportional-Integral control (PI) Function CodeParameterSetting RangeDescription A044 / A244 / A344 Control method selection 03 SLV (does not use A344) 04 0-Hz Domain SLV (does not use A344) 05 V2 (does not use A244 or A344) C001 - C008 Intelligent input selection 43 PPI : P/I switching H005 / H205 Speed response 0.001 to 65.53 No dimension Phone: 800.894.0412 - Fax: 888.723.4773 - Web: www.clrwtr.com - Email: [email protected]
SJ7002 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4–27 The speed control mode is normally proportional- integral compensation (PI), which attempts to keep the deviation betwee n the actual speed and speed command equal to zero. You can also select proportional (P) control function, which can be used for droop control (i.e. several inverters driving one load). Droop is the speed difference resulting from P control versus PI control at 100% output torque as shown in the graph. Set the P/PI switching function (option 43) to one of the intel- ligent input terminals [1] to [8]. When the P/PI input terminal is ON, th e control mode becomes proportional control (P). When the P/PI input terminal is OFF, the control mode becomes proportional-integral control. The proportional gain Kpp value determines the droop. Set the desired value using parameter H052. The relationship between the Kpp value and the droop is shown below: The relationship between the droop and th e rated rotation speed is shown below: H050 / H250 PI proportional gain 0.0 to 999.9/1000 % gain H051 / H251 PI integral gain 0.0 to 999.9/1000 % gain H052 / H252 P proportional gain 0.01 to 10.00 No dimension H070 PI proportional gain for switching 0.0 to 999.9/1000 % gain H071 PI integral gain for switching 0.0 to 999.9/1000 % gain H072 P proportional gain for switching 0.0 to 10.0 No dimension H073 Gain switching time 0. to 999. Millisceonds Function CodeParameterSetting RangeDescription 0 Speed of rotation Torque P Control Droop 100% PI Control Droop 10 (Kpp Set Value)--------------------------------% () = Droop Speed error at rated torque Synchronous speed base frequency --------------------------------------------------------------------- -= Phone: 800.894.0412 - Fax: 888.723.4773 - Web: www.clrwtr.com - Email: [email protected]
Using Intelligent Input Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4–28 Remote Control Up and Down Functions The [UP] [DWN] terminal functions can adjust the output frequency for remote control while the motor is running. The acceleration time and deceleration time used with this function is the same as for normal operation ACC1 and DEC1 (2ACC1,2DEC1). The input terminals operate as follows: In the graph below, the [UP] and [DWN] terminals activate while the Run command remains ON. The output frequency responds to the [UP] and [DWN] commands. It is possible for the inverter to retain the frequency set from the [UP] and [DWN] terminals through a power loss. Parameter C101 enables/di sables the memory. If disabled, the inverter retains the last frequency before an UP/DWN ad justment. Use the [UDC] terminal to clear the memory and return to the original set output frequency. Force Operation from Digital Operator This function permits a digital operator interfac e to override the Run command source setting (A002) when it is configured for a source other than the operator interface. When the [OPE] terminal is ON, the operator interface Run command over-rides commands from input termi- nals (such as [FW], [RV]). The inverter will use the standard output frequency settings to operate the motor. When the [OPE] terminal is OFF, the Run command operates normally, as configured by A002. When changing the [OPE] state during Run Mode (inverter is driving the motor), the inverter will stop the motor before the new [OPE] state takes effect. If the [OPE] input turns ON and the digital operator gives a Run comm and while the inverter is already running, the inverter stops the motor. Then the digital operator can control the motor. Opt. Code and Symbol27=[UP] 28=[DWN] 29=[UDC] Va l i d f o r Inputs[1] to [8] RequiredSettings A001 = 02; C101 = 01 (enables memory) Default terminal Requires config. SymbolFunction NameDescription UP Remote Control UP Function Accelerate s (increases output frequency) motor from current frequency DWN Remote Control DOWN Function Decelerates (decreas es output frequency) motor from current frequency UDC Remote Control Data Clear Clears the Up/down frequency memory Output frequency [UP] [FW, RV] [DWN] t Opt. Code31 Symbol[OPE] Va l i d f o r Inputs[1] to [8] RequiredSettings A001, A002 (set not equal to 02) Default terminal Requires config. Phone: 800.894.0412
SJ7002 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4–29 Overload Restriction The inverter constantly moni tors the motor current during acceleration, deceleration, and constant speed. If the inverter reaches the ove rload restriction level, it adjusts the output frequency automatically to limit the amount of overload. This function prevents an over-current trip by inertia during rapid acce leration or large changes in load at constant speed. It also attempts to prevent an over-voltage trip on dece leration due to regeneration. It accomplishes this by temporarily suspending deceleration and/or increasing th e frequency in order to dissi- pate regenerative energy. Once the DC bus volt age falls sufficiently, deceleration will resume. OLR Parameter Selection – Two sets of overload restriction parameter settings and values are available as outlined in the table below. Use the B021—B026 group of settings to config ure the two set of parameters as needed. By assigning the Overload Restriction function [OLR] to an intelligent terminal, you can select the set of restriction paramete rs that is in effect. Note the following: If the overload restriction constant (B023 or B026) is set too short, an over-voltage trip during deceleration will occur due to regenerative energy from the motor. When an overload restri ction occurs during acceleration, the motor will take longer to reach the target frequency, or may not reach it. The inverter will make the following adjustments: a) Increase the acceleration time b) Raise torque boost c) Raise overload restriction level Opt. Code39 Symbol[OLR] Valid for Inputs[1] to [8] RequiredSettings B021 – B023 (Set 1), B024 – B026 (Set 2) Default terminal Requires config. SymbolFunction NameInput StateDescription OLR Overload Restriction Selection ON Selects Overload Restriction Set 2, B024, B025, B026 settings in effect OFF Selects Overload Restriction Set 1, B021, B022, B023 settings in effect Function Function Code Data or RangeDescription Set 1Set 2 Overload Restriction Operation Mode B021 B024 00 Disable 01 Enabled during accel and constant speed 02 Enabled during constant speed 03 Enabled during accel, constant speed, and decel Overload Restriction Setting B022 B025 Rated current * 0.5 to rated current * 2Current value at which the restriction begins Deceleration Rate at Overload Restriction B023 B026 0.1 to 30 seconds Deceleration time when overload restriction operates Phone: 800.894.0412