GE Vivid 7 User Manual
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Appendix Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual487 FC092326-03 Appendix This chapter includes the following information: • Product description ...................................................................... .. 488 • Probe/Application overview ......................................................... .. 504
Appendix 488Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual FC092326-03 Product description System Architecture • TruScan architecture unleashes powerful imaging capabilities for the Vivid 7/Vivid 7 PRO. the Vivid 7/ Vivid 7 PRO is a complete digital cardiovascular color flow Doppler ultrasound system. The elements of TruScan are: • Tru D a ta - New 3D Beamforming technology significantly improves image quality with breakthrough performance in 2D, color and Doppler imaging. • QScan - Helps you extract more definitive diagnostic information from cardiovascular images by bringing quantitative assessment tools out of the research lab and into your routine clinical exam. • TruAccess - Gives you total data management with true, raw data DICOM networking capabilities to communicate your findings and to unlock your data for future quantitative analysis. • ComfortScan - Brings together an unprecedented level of ergonomic design and comfort with productivity software that allows operators to personalize their workspace. Data Acquisition • Cardiac, cardiovascular, abdominal, OB/GYN and OR optimized application presets • High precision data acquisition • Programmable open-ended system architecture • Application-specific channel architecture: the Vivid 7/ Vivid 7 PRO employs a flexible digital beamformer architecture capable of using up to 1024 channels depending on specific application requirements • 12 bit A/D converters per physical channel • Digital data acquisition • In addition to standard Curved Linear, Flat Linear, Phased Array and Doppler probes, it supports Active Matrix Array Curved (M12L) and Active Matrix Array Sector (M3S) probes • Matrix probes allow tree-dimensional Digital Beamformer
Appendix Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual489 FC092326-03 algorithms for each mode • Parallel data processing on four channels • Receive focusing, aperture, apodization, and frequency response are all continuously variable as a function of depth Data Processing • TruScan architecture provides raw data management integrated into scan conversion processing • PipeLink Technology: high speed parallel data bus for pre- and post-processing • Echo data processing of phase, amplitude and frequency information • Upgradable for future needs • Raw data digital replay for retro and looping - allows for adjustment of all major display parameters and M & A Display • High resolution, flicker-free 17-inch computer graphics monitor, tilt and swivel • 16.7 Million simultaneous colors available • VCR input is played back through digital replay, allowing VCR images to be looped during review and M&A capability • Instant review screen displays 12 simultaneous loops/ images for quick study review • Scanplane position indicator and probe temperature are displayed with all multiplane TEE probes • Image orientation marker • Selectable display configuration of duplex and triplex modes: side-by-side or top-bottom, during live, digital replay and clipboard image recall • Single, dual and quad-screen view Ergonomics • Floating keyboard with lifting swivel and in/out (Vivid 7 only) keyboard displacement • Backlit keyboard
Appendix 490Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual FC092326-03 Display Annotations • On-screen display of Mechanical Index (MI) • On-screen display of Thermal Index • Patient name/ID • Hospital name • Time/date • Trackball driven annotation arrows • Scanning parameters • Active mode display • Stress protocol parameters • Parameter annotation follow ASE standard Tissue Imaging General • Variable transmit frequencies for resolution/penetration optimization • Display zoom with zoom area control • High Resolution (HR) Zoom: concentrates all image acquisition power into selected Region of Interest (ROI) • Variable Contour Filtering for edge enhancement • Depth range up to 30 cm - probe specific • Selectable greyscale parameters: Gain, Reject, DDP and Compress - can be adjusted in live, digital replay and image clipboard recall. • Automatically calculated TGC curves require minimal operator interaction 2D-Mode • Sector tilt capability • Frame Rate in excess of 600 fps, depending on probe, settings and applications • Coded Octave Imaging - 2nd generation harmonic tissue imaging providing improved lateral and contrast resolution over conventional imaging. Features reduced noise and improved wall definition. COI gives improved axial resolution without sacrificing frame rate, making it the tissue modality of choice for all patient groups.
Appendix Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual491 FC092326-03 • Confocal Imaging - allows for multiple transmit focal zones over range of view and a high vector density - probes dependent. • Variable image width: a reduction either increases frame rate or increases the number of focal zones while maintaining the frame rate - application dependent • Real-time Compound Imaging mode with linear arrays: for improved delineation of curved structures and speckle reduction without loss of any image resolution and increased field-of-view • Dual Focus: a powerful tool giving additional focal zone for excellent spatial and contrast resolution from heart base to apical areas • L/R and Up/Down invert, in live, digital replay or image clipboard recall • Digital replay for retrospective review or automatic looping of images, allowing for adjustment of parameters such as gain, reject, Anatomical M-Mode, persistence and replay speed. • Data Dependent Processing performs temporal processing which reduces random noise but leaves motion of significant tissue structures largely unaffected. Can be adjusted even in digital replay • Colorized 2D-Mode, user selectable in real-time, digital replay M-Mode • Trackball Steerable M-Mode line available with all imaging probes, max steering angle is probe dependent. • Simultaneous Real Time 2D- and M-Mode. • M-Mode PRF 1 kHz, all image data acquired are combined to give high quality recording regardless of display scroll speed. • Digital replay for retrospective review of spectral data • Several top-bottom formats, side-by-side format and time- motion only format - can be adjusted in live and digital replay • Selectable horizontal scroll speed: 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, 16 seconds across display. • Horizontal scroll can be adjusted in live or digital replay.
Appendix 492Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual FC092326-03 Anatomical M-Mode • M-Mode cursor can be adjusted at any plane • Curved Anatomical M-Mode: free (curved) drawing of M- Mode generated from the cursor independent from the axial plane • Can be activated from live, digital replay or image clipboard recall • Anatomical Color and Tissue Velocity M-Mode • M & A Capability Color Doppler General • Steerable Color Doppler available with all imaging probes - max steering angle is probe dependent • Trackball-controlled ROI • Removal of color map from the tissue during digital replay • Digital replay for retrospective review of Color M-Mode data allowing for adjustment of parameters such as Encoding Principle, Color Priority and Color Gain even on stored data • PRF settings - user selectable • Advanced Regression Wall Filter gives efficient suppression of wall clutter • For each encoding principle, multiple-color maps can be selected in live and digital replay - variance maps available • More than 65,000 simultaneous colors processed, providing a smooth display two-dimensional color maps containing a multitude of color hues • Simultaneous display of greyscale 2D and 2D with Color Flow • Color Invert, user selectable in live and digital replay • Variable Color Baseline, user selectable in live and digital replay • Multivariate Color Priority function gives reliable delineation of disturbed flows even across bright areas of the 2D-Mode image • Color Doppler frequency can be changed independently from 2D for optimal flow
Appendix Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual493 FC092326-03 Color Doppler Imaging • Very high digital signal processing power, maintaining high frame rates with large ROIs even for very low PRF settings • Frame Rate in excess of 100 fps, depending on probe and settings • Variable ROI size in width and depth • User-selectable Radial and Lateral Averaging for reduction of statistical uncertainty in the color velocity and variance estimates • Data Dependent Processing (DDP) performs temporal processing and display smoothing with reduced possibility for loss of transient events of hemodynamic significance • Digital replay for retrospective review or automatic looping of color images, allowing for adjustment of parameters such as DDP, encoding principle, baseline shift, color maps, color priority and color gain even on frozen/recalled data • Application dependent Multivariate Motion Discriminator reduces flash artifacts • Dedicated coronary flow application Color Angio (Color Intensity Imaging) • Angle independent mode for visualization of small vessels with increased sensitivity compared to standard color flow Color M-Mode • Variable ROI length and position - user selectable • User-selectable Radial Averaging for reduction of statistical uncertainty in the color velocity and variance estimates • Selectable horizontal scroll speed • 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 seconds across display - can be adjusted during live, digital replay or image clipboard recall • Real-time 2D image while in color M-Mode • Same controls and functions available as in standard 2D color Doppler Anatomical Color M-Mode™ • Vingmed-patented any plane Color M-Mode display derived from Color Doppler cineloop. • Also applicable to Tissue Velocity Imaging
Appendix 494Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual FC092326-03 • M&A capability Spectral Doppler General • Operates in PW, HPRF, and CW modes • Trackball Steerable Doppler available with all imaging probes - max steering angle is probe dependent • Selectable Doppler frequency for better optimization • High-Quality Real-time duplex or triplex operation in all Doppler Modes, CW and PW and for all velocity settings • Frame Rate Control for optimized use of acquisition power between spectrum, 2D, and Color Doppler Modes in duplex or triplex modes • Very fast and flexible spectrum analysis with an equivalent DFT rate of 0.2 ms • Dynamic Gain Compensation for display of flows with varying signal strengths over the cardiac cycle and improved ease of use • Dynamic Reject gives consistent suppression of background - user selectable, in real-time, digital replay or image clipboard recall • digital replay for retrospective review of spectral Doppler data • Several top-bottom formats, side-by-side format and time- motion only format - can be adjusted in live or digital replay. • Selectable horizontal scroll speed: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 seconds across display - can be adjusted in live or digital replay • Adjustable spectral Doppler display parameters: Gain, Reject, Compress, Color Maps - can be adjusted in live or digital replay • User-adjustable baseline shift - in live, digital replay and image clipboard recall • Adjustable velocity scale • Wall filters with range 10 - 2000 Hz (velocity scale dependent) • Angle correction with automatic adjustment of velocity scale - in live, digital replay and image clipboard recall
Appendix Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual495 FC092326-03 • Stereo speakers mounted in the front panel • Display annotations of frequency, mode, scales, Nyquist limit, wall filter setting, angle correction, acoustic power indices PW / HPRF Doppler • Automatic HPRF Doppler maintains its sensitivity even for shallow depths and with the highest PRFs • Digital Velocity Tracking Doppler employs processing in range and time for high-quality spectral displays • Adjustable sample volume size of 1-20 mm (probe dependent) • Maximum sample volume depth 30 cm CW Doppler • Highly sensitive steerable CW available with all phased array probes Tissue Velocity Imaging • Myocardial Doppler Imaging with color overlay on tissue image • Digital Velocity profile analysis allowing velocity and time quantification at any point and at any time during the heart cycle from digital replay or image clipboard recall • Quantitative Segmental Wall Motion Analysis can be obtained with use of Anatomical M-Mode, from digital replay or image clipboard recall • The velocity of all myocardial segments after entire heart cycle can be displayed in one single image • Tissue color overlay can be removed to show just the 2D image, still retaining the tissue velocity information • Quantitative profiles for TVI, Tissue Tracking, Strain (Vivid 7 only) and Strain Rate (Vivid 7 only) can be derived Tissue Tracking • Real time display of the time integral of TVI for quantitative display of myocardial systolic displacement • Myocardial displacement is calculated and displayed as a color-coded overlay on the 2D image - different colors represent different displacement ranges
Appendix 496Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual FC092326-03 Strain rate/Strain imaging (option, Vivid 7 only) Research • Rate of tissue deformation is calculated and displayed as real time color-coded overlay on the 2D image • Tissue deformation (Strain) is calculated and displayed as real time color-coded overlay on the 2D image • Cine compound calculates and displays cineloops generated from a temporal averaging of multiple consecutive heart cycles • Anatomical M-Mode and Curved Anatomical M-Mode displays (SI and SRI) Physiological Traces • Up to five traces display simultaneously • ECG trigger • ECG lead selection • High-resolution display of the following traces: ECG, Respiration, Phono, AUX1 and Pressure/AUX2 Analysis Program • Personalized measurement protocols allow individual set and order of M&A items • Measurement can be labelled seamlessly by using protocols or post assignments • Bodymark icons for location and position of probe • Cardiac calculation package including extensive measurements and display of multiple repeated measurements • Vascular measurements package • Measurements assignable to protocol capability • Parameter annotation follow ASE standard • Measurements assignable to report generator • Doppler auto trace function with automatic calculations in both live and digital replay • Possibility of performing Measure and Analysis on video playback