GE Vivid 7 User Manual
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Scanning Modes Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual107 FC092326-03 Color Mode controls Color Mode assignable controls Horizontal sweep (Color M-Mode only) Adjusts the horizontal refresh rate of the M-Mode area of the display. Scale Adjusts the repetition rate of the Doppler pulses transmitted to acquire the data for color flow mapping. The Scale (Nyquist limit) should be adjusted so that no aliasing occurs, while still having good resolution of velocities. The Nyquist limit should be somewhat above the maximum velocity found in the data. Baseline Adjusts the color map to emphasize flow either toward or away from the probe. Baseline is available in both Live and Freeze. LVR (Low Velocity Rejection) Color data produced by very low flow may cause interfer- ence.LVR, also called Wall motion filter, enables the extent of low velocity removal to be adjusted. Invert Enables the color scheme assigned to positive and negative velocities to be inverted. Invert is available in live and cine replay. Variance Controls the amount of variance data added to a color display. Variance enables computer-aided detection of turbulent flow (e.g. jets or regurgitation). Variance is available in live and cine replay. Dual focus (Color 2D mode only) Activates Dual focus mode. To adjust the Dual focus, press ACT. MODE and rotate the FOCUS assignable. Color maps Displays a menu of color map options. Use the trackball to point to a color map and press SELECT to activate the desired color map. Each color map is assigning different color hues to different velocities.
Scanning Modes 108Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual FC092326-03 Cineloop (in Freeze, Color 2D mode only) Starts cineloop acquisition. Color-Mode Soft menu controls Sample volume Adjusts the size of the color flow Doppler sampling area. Lower setting gives better flow resolution while a higher setting increases sensitivity and helps to locate turbulent flows. Tissue priority Emphasize either the color of the color mode or the greyscale tissue detail of the 2D image. Tissue priority is available in both Live and Freeze. Frequency Enables the adjustment of the transmission frequency to control the sensitivity or the level of penetration. The selected frequency is displayed in the status window. Adjusting Frequency may affect Sample Volume and LVR settings. Radial Averaging Use Averaging con- trols with caution so as not to obscure significant diagnos- tic informationSmooths the image by averaging collected data along the same radial line. An increase of the radial averaging will reduce noise, but this will also reduce the radial resolution. Lateral Averaging (Color 2D only) Smooths the image by averaging collected data along the same horizontal line. An increase of the lateral averaging will reduce noise, but this will also reduce the lateral resolution. Power When power is re- duced, it reduces the signal-to-noise ratio, so that the im- age may become noisier.Controls the amount of acoustic power applied in all modes. When power is set to maximum, it is equal to or less than the maximum acoustic power permitted by the FDA. The Thermal Index (TI) and the Mechanical Index (MI) are displayed on the screen.
Scanning Modes Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual109 FC092326-03 Trackball controls ROI (Region Of Interest) size When the trackball command Size is selected (see also ’Trackball operation’ on page 59), the height and width of the color area (or ROI) is adjusted from the trackball. ROI (Region Of Interest) position When the trackball command Pos (position) is selected (see also ’Trackball operation’ on page 59), the position of the color area (or ROI) is adjusted with the trackball.
Scanning Modes 110Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual FC092326-03 Using Color Mode Color 2D 1. From an optimized 2D image press COLOR. 2. Use the trackball to position the ROI frame over the area to be examined. The assignable con- trols of the trackball are displayed in the trackball status bar in the bottom right corner of the screen.3. Press TRACKBALL. The instruction Size should be highlighted in the trackball status bar. If not, press TRACKBALL again to select Size. 4. Use the trackball to adjust the dimensions of the ROI. To enlarge or narrow the ROI, move the trackball to the left or right. To lengthen or shorten the ROI, move the trackball up or down. 5. Press SELECT when the desired size is obtained. 6. Press FREEZE to stop imaging. Color M-Mode 1. From M-Mode press COLOR. 2. Use the trackball to position the color area in the M-Mode display. The assignable con- trols of the trackball are displayed in the trackball status bar.3. Press TRACKBALL. The instruction Size should be highlighted in the trackball status bar. If not, press TRACKBALL again to select Size. 4. Use the trackball to adjust the dimension of the color area. To enlarge the color area, move the trackball up To narrow the color area, move the trackball down. 5. Press SELECT when the desired size is obtained.
Scanning Modes Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual111 FC092326-03 Optimizing Color Mode Refer to page 400 about creating pre- sets.The use of preset gives optimum performance with minimum adjustment. If necessary, the following controls can be adjusted to further optimize the Color Mode display: • Adjust the Active mode gain to set the gain in the color flow area. The scale value may affect FPS, Low Ve- locity Reject, and Sample Volume.• Adjust Scale to the highest setting that provides adequate flow detection. • Adjust Low Velocity Reject to remove low velocity blood flow and tissue movement that reduces image quality. • Adjust Va ri a n ce to detect flow disturbances. • Adjust Sample volume (SV) to a low setting for better flow resolution, or a higher setting to more easily locate disturbed flows Frequency setting may affect FPS, SV and Low Velocity Reject.• Adjust Frequency to optimize the color flow display. Higher settings improve resolution. Lower settings improve depth penetration and sensitivity. This does not affect the frequency used for 2D and M-Mode. The Power setting affects all other op- erating modes.• Adjust Power to obtain an acceptable image using the lowest setting possible. Adjust the following settings to further optimize display of the image: • Use Invert to reverse the color assignments in the color flow area of the display. • Use Tissue priority to emphasize either the color flow overlay, or the underlying greyscale tissue detail. • Use Baseline to emphasize flow either toward or away from the probe. • Use Radial and Lateral Averaging to reduce noise in the color flow area. Radial and Lateral Averaging smooths the image by averaging collected data along the same horizontal line. An increase of the lateral averaging will reduce noise, but this will also reduce the lateral resolution. CAUTIONUse all noise reduction controls with care. Excessive application may obscure low level diagnostic information.
Scanning Modes 112Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual FC092326-03 PW and CW Doppler PW and CW Doppler over view Figure 3-8: The PW/CW Doppler Mode screen 1. Sample volume (PW only) 2. Angle correction marker 3. Velocity scale 4. Low velocity reject 5. Nyquist velocity 6. Doppler baseline 7. Frequency scale (optional, see page 398) 8. Status window: 9. Soft menu Controls marked with R are also available in freeze and cine replay.
Scanning Modes Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual113 FC092326-03 Figure 3-9: The PW/CW controls on the front panel 1. Assignable keys: • Horizontal sweep R • Scale • Baseline R • LVR • Invert R • LPRF (in PW mode) • Color maps R MORE • Quick angle • Angle correction 2. Zoom: • Display zoom • HR zoom 3. Img Size: • Small/large 2D display • Top/bottom display • Side by side display 4. Soft menu: • Sample Volume (PW) • Compress R • Reject R • Frequency • Frame rate • Angle Corr. R • Power 5. Freeze 6. CW 7. PW 8. Gain R Controls marked with R are also available in freeze and cine replay 5 1 2 4 3 8 67
Scanning Modes 114Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual FC092326-03 PW and CW Doppler controls PW and CW Doppler assignable controls Horizontal sweep Adjusts the horizontal refresh rate of the Doppler area of the display. Horizontal sweep is available in live and cine replay. Scale Adjusts the velocity scale to accommodate faster/slower blood flow velocities. Velocity scale determines pulse repetition frequency. Baseline Enables the Doppler baseline to be shifted up and down. The default Doppler baseline is set at the center of the vertical aspect of the Doppler display, dividing evenly the flow toward and away from the probe. By adjusting the baseline a larger portion of the analysis is assigned to the flow direction present. Baseline is available in live and cine replay. Maximum velocity depends on sample volume size, sample volume position and frequency set- tings.Velocity range Enables the vertical scale of the Doppler spectrum and the maximal detectable velocity to be modified. Velocity range directly controls the pulse repetition frequency, which is responsible for the setting of the Nyquist limit (the ability to detect maximum velocity without aliasing). Low velocity reject Enables the low velocity portions of the spectrum to be filtered, since the Doppler spectrum and audio may contain strong wall- motion signals. The amount of Low Velocity Reject. is indicated by the green vertical bar at the right end of the baseline. If the Doppler mode is combined with Color mode, the col- or map will be also inverted.Invert Enables the Doppler spectrum to be flipped 180 degrees, so that negative velocities are displayed above the baseline and positive velocities below the baseline. Invert is available in live and cine replay. LPRF (PW mode) Sets the pulse repetition frequency for the PW Doppler acquisition of flow data. Enables toggling between high and low Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF). When the Doppler PRF is
Scanning Modes Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual115 FC092326-03 raised beyond a certain limit, more than one Doppler gate is displayed on the screen. Color maps Displays a drop down menu of different Doppler colorization maps.Use the trackball to select the desired map and press SELECT to activate the map. Quick angle and Angle correction In non-cardiac ap- plications, Angle correction is con- trolled from the Trackball.Enables correction of the Doppler velocity scale by defining the angle between the Doppler beam and the investigated blood vessel or blood flow. A thin cross bar on the Doppler cursor will rotate as the control is adjusted. Angle correction is available in both Live and Freeze. Quick angle adjusts the angle by 60 degrees. Angle correction adjusts the angle between zero and 90 degrees with one degree increment. PW/CW Doppler Soft menu controls Sample volume In PW mode, set the longitudinal size of the region to be sampled for measurement. Adjusting Sample volume may affect the PRF (Nyquist limit) settings. SV does not apply to CW mode, where the volume sampled is the full length of the area indicated by the cursor line. Compress Enables control over the contrast of the Doppler spectrum. When compression is raised, the spectrum image becomes softer and some low level background noise may appear. Compress is available in both Live and Freeze. Reject Enables undesirable background noise to be removed from the Doppler spectrum resulting in a darker background. Reject is available in both Live and Freeze. Frequency Adjusts the transmission frequency in Doppler to control sensitivity or level of penetration. The selected frequency is displayed in the status window. Adjusting Frequency may affect Sample Volume (PW) and LVR settings.
Scanning Modes 116Vivid7/Vivid7 PRO Users Manual FC092326-03 Frame rate Adjusts the frame rate. The relative setting of the frame rate is displayed in the status window (under 2D). Power When power is re- duced, it reduces the signal-to-noise ratio, so that the im- age may become noisier.Controls the amount of acoustic power applied in all modes. When power is set to maximum, it is equal to or less than the maximum acoustic power permitted by the FDA. The Thermal Index (TI) and the Mechanical Index (MI) are displayed on the screen.