Steinberg Cubase 8 Manual
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MIDI Processing Other MIDI functions 681 Pedals to Note Length This function scans for Sustain pedal on/off events, lengthens the affected notes to match the Sustain pedal off position, and then removes the Sustain Controller on/off events. Delete Overlaps (mono) This function allows you to make sure that no notes of the same pitch overlap (i. e. that one starts before the other ends). Overlapping notes of the same pitch can confuse some MIDI instruments (a new Note On is transmitted before the Note Off is transmitted). This command can then be used to automatically solve the problem. Delete Overlaps (poly) This function shortens notes when required, so that no note begins before another ends. This happens regardless of which pitch the notes have. Velocity This function opens a dialog that allows you to manipulate the velocity of notes in various ways. The following types of velocity processing are available: Add/Subtract This simply adds a fixed number to the existing velocity values. You set the value (positive or negative) with the Amount parameter. Compress/Expand Compresses or expands the “dynamic range” of MIDI notes by scaling the velocity values according to the Ratio setting (0 to 300 %). The principle behind this is that multiplying different velocity values with a factor higher than 1 (over 100 %) will also make the differences between velocity values greater, while using a factor lower than 1 (under 100 %) will make the differences smaller. In short: • To compress (“even out” velocity differences), use ratio values below 100 %. After compression, you would probably want to add a velocity amount (with the Add/Subtract function) to maintain the average velocity level.
MIDI Processing Other MIDI functions 682 • To expand (create greater difference in velocity), use ratio values above 100 %. Before you expand, you may want to adjust the velocity with the Add/Subtract function, so that the average velocity is somewhere in the middle of the range. If the average velocity is high (near 127) or low (near 0), expansion will not work properly, simply because velocity values can only be between 0 and 127! Limit This function allows you to make sure that no velocity values fall outside a given range (the Lower and Upper values). Any velocity values outside this range are raised/lowered to exactly the Lower/Upper values. Fixed Velocity This function sets the velocity of all selected notes to the Insert Velocity value on the toolbar in the MIDI editors. Delete Doubles This function removes double notes, i. e. notes of the same pitch on the exact same position from the selected MIDI parts. Double notes can occur when recording in Cycle mode, after Quantizing, etc. Delete Notes Allows you to delete very short or weak notes. This is useful for automatically removing unwanted “ghost notes” after recording. Selecting “Delete Notes…” opens a dialog in which you set up the criteria for the function. The parameters have the following functionality: Minimum Length When the Minimum Length checkbox is activated, the note length is taken into account, allowing you to remove short notes. You can either specify the minimum length (for notes to be kept) in the value field or by dragging the blue line in the graphical length display below.
MIDI Processing Other MIDI functions 683 • The graphical length display can correspond to 1/4 bar, one bar, two bars or four bars. You change this setting by clicking in the field to the right of the display. In this case, the whole length display corresponds to two bars, and the Minimum Length is set to 32nd notes (60 ticks). Minimum Velocity When the Minimum Velocity checkbox is activated, the velocity of notes is taken into account, allowing you to remove weak notes. You specify the minimum velocity (for notes to be kept) in the value display. Remove when under This setting is only available when both Minimum Length and Minimum Velocity is activated. By clicking in this field, you select whether both the length and the velocity criteria must be met for notes to be deleted, or whether one of the criteria will suffice. OK and Cancel Clicking OK performs the automatic delete according to the rules set up. Clicking Cancel closes the dialog without deleting notes. Delete Controllers This function removes all MIDI controllers from the selected MIDI parts. Delete Continuous Controllers This function removes all “continuous” MIDI controller events from the selected MIDI parts. Therefore, “on/off” events such as sustain pedal events are not removed. Restrict Polyphony Selecting this item opens a dialog in which you can specify how many “voices” are used (for the selected notes or parts). Restricting the polyphony this way is useful when you have an instrument with limited polyphony and want to make sure all notes will be played. The effect is achieved by shortening notes as required, so that they end before the next note starts.
MIDI Processing Other MIDI functions 684 Thin Out Data Thins out MIDI data. Use this to ease the load on your external MIDI devices if you have recorded very dense controller curves, etc. NOTE Cubase Pro only: T h i s a l s o t h i n s o u t M I D I c o n t r o l l e r a n d V S T 3 e v e n t s t h a t f o r m p a r t of Note Expression data. You can also manually thin out the controller data by using the quantize function in the Key Editor. Extract MIDI Automation This is an extremely useful function as it allows you to quickly and easily convert the continuous controllers of your recorded MIDI parts into MIDI track automation data, making them available for editing in the Project window. PROCEDURE 1. Select the desired MIDI part containing the continuous controller data. 2. On the MIDI menu, open the Functions submenu and select “Extract MIDI Automation”. 3. In the Project window, open the automation tracks for the respective MIDI track. You will find that an automation track has been created for each of the continuous controllers in the part. RESULT NOTE In the MIDI editors, the controller data will automatically be removed from the controller lane. This function can only be used for continuous controllers. Data such as Aftertouch, Pitchbend, or SysEx cannot be converted to MIDI track automation data. NOTE MIDI controller automation is also affected by the Automation Merge Mode. RELATED LINKS MIDI Controller Automation on page 595 Merge Tempo from Tapping (Cubase Pro only) on page 685
MIDI Processing Other MIDI functions 685 Reverse This function inverts the order of the selected events (or of all events in the selected parts) rhythmically, causing the MIDI music to play backwards. Note that the effect is different from reversing an audio recording. With MIDI, the individual notes will still play as usual in the MIDI instrument – it is only the order of playback that is changed. Merge Tempo from Tapping (Cubase Pro only) This function allows you to create a complete tempo track based on your tapping. RELATED LINKS Merge Tempo from Tapping (Cubase Pro only) on page 685
686 MIDI Editors There are several ways to edit MIDI in Cubase. You can use the tools and functions in the Project window for large-scale editing or the functions on the MIDI menu to process MIDI parts in various ways. To manually edit your MIDI data on a graphical interface, you can use the MIDI editors. • The Key Editor is the default MIDI editor, presenting notes graphically in a piano roll-style grid. The Key Editor also allows for detailed editing of non-note events such as MIDI controllers. • The Score Editor shows MIDI notes as a musical score and provides advanced tools and functions for notation, layout, and printing. Cubase Artist features a basic version of the Score Editor. • The Drum Editor is similar to the Key Editor, but each key corresponds to a separate drum sound. You can use the Drum Editor to edit drum or percussion parts. • The List Editor shows all events in the selected MIDI parts as a list and allows you to view and edit their properties numerically. It also allows you to edit SysEx messages. • The In-Place Editor allows you to edit MIDI parts directly in the Project window so that you can edit MIDI in context with other track types. Cubase Pro only: You can also edit MIDI in the Project Browser. RELATED LINKS Key Editor on page 696 Drum Editor on page 743 List Editor on page 761 Basic Score Editor (Cubase Artist only) on page 728 Project Browser (Cubase Pro only) on page 926 In-Place Editor on page 771 Opening MIDI editors PROCEDURE 1. Do one of the following: • Select one or several MIDI parts. • Select a whole MIDI track without selecting parts.
MIDI Editors Changing the Default MIDI Editor 687 2. Do one of the following: • To open the Key Editor, select MIDI > Open Key Editor. • To open the Score Editor, select MIDI > Open Score Editor. In Cubase Artist, select MIDI > Scores > Open Score Editor. • To open the Drum Editor, select MIDI > Open Drum Editor. • To open the List Editor, select MIDI > Open List Editor. • To open the In-Place Editor, select MIDI > Open In-Place Editor. • To open the default MIDI editor, double-click a part. RESULT The selected editor opens and displays the selected parts or tracks. If no parts were selected, all parts on the track are shown. Opening a Drum Map in the Drum Editor You can automatically open a drum map in the Drum Editor. •Select Preferences > Event Display > MIDI and activate Edit as Drums when Drum Map is assigned. RELATED LINKS Selecting a Drum Map for a Track on page 758 Changing the Default MIDI Editor When you double-click a MIDI part, the default MIDI editor opens. The Key Editor is the default MIDI editor. You can set any MIDI editor as the default MIDI editor. PROCEDURE 1. Click File > Preferences. 2. Select Event Display > MIDI. 3. From the Default Edit Action pop-up menu, select the MIDI editor that you want to use. 4. Click OK.
MIDI Editors Common MIDI Editor Functions 688 Common MIDI Editor Functions You can use the tools and functions within the MIDI editors to process MIDI parts in various ways. Changing the Display Format for the Ruler By default, the ruler shows the timeline in the display format that is selected on the transport panel. You can change the display format for the ruler. Click the arrow button to the right of the ruler and select an option from the pop-up menu. RELATED LINKS Ruler Display Formats on page 49 Zooming in MIDI Editors The MIDI editors provide several zooming options: • Zoom sliders •Zoom tool •Via Edit > Zoom. When you use the Zoom tool for zooming, you can determine if you want to zoom horizontal only or horizontal and vertical at a time. • To activate/deactivate the corresponding option, select File > Preferences > Editing > Tools and activate/deactivate Zoom Tool Standard Mode: Horizontal Zooming Only. Using Cut and Paste You can use the Cut, Copy, and Paste options from the Edit menu to move or copy material within a part or between different parts. • To insert note events at the project cursor position without affecting existing notes, select Edit > Paste.
MIDI Editors Common MIDI Editor Functions689 • To insert note events at the project cursor position, move, and if necessary split the existing note events to make room for the pasted notes, select Edit > Range > Paste Time . 1) Data on clipboard 2) Cursor position 3) Pasted data at cursor position Following the Project Cursor During Playback Auto-Scroll allows the event display to scroll during playback, keeping the project cursor visible in the window. Auto-Scroll in MIDI editors is independent of the Auto-Scroll function in the Project Window . • To activate/deactivate Auto-Scroll, click Auto-Scroll . Soloing a MIDI Editor • To only hear the parts of a particular MIDI editor during playback, activate Solo Editor . Acoustic Feedback If Acoustic Feedback is activated, individual note s are automatically played back (auditioned) when you move or transpose them, or when you create new notes by drawing. This makes it easier to hear what you are doing. • To activate acoustic fe edback, activate Acoustic Feedback on the toolbar. • To take any MIDI sends or inserts that are used for the track into account wh en auditioning, select File > Preferences > MIDI and activate Audition through MIDI Inserts/Sends . This way, the acoustic feedback of the e ditors sends the MIDI data to the output that is selected for the track an d additionally through any MIDI inserts and MIDI sends that are assigned to it. However, this also means that the MIDI events are sent through any MIDI plug-ins that are assigned to this track. R ELATED LINKS MIDI on page 1068
MIDI Editors Common MIDI Editor Functions 690 Handling Note Events Coloring Notes and Events You can select different color schemes for the note events in the MIDI editor. The following options are available on the Event Colors pop-up menu on the toolbar: Velocity The note events get different colors depending on their velocity values. Pitch The note events get different colors depending on their pitch. Channel The note events get different colors depending on their MIDI channel value. Part The note events get the same color as their corresponding part in the Project window. Use this option when you are working with two or more tracks in an editor, to see which note events belong to which track. Grid Match The note events get different colors depending on their time position. For example, this mode enables you to see if the notes of a chord start at the exact same beat. Sound Slot (Cubase Pro only) The note events get different colors depending on the articulation that has been assigned to the note in the Expression Map Setup dialog. Voice The note events get different colors depending on their voice (soprano, alto, tenor, etc.). Chord Track The note events get different colors depending on whether they match the current chord, scale, or both. For all of the options except Part, the pop-up menu also contains a Setup option. This option opens a dialog in which you can specify the colors that are associated with velocities, pitches, or channels. RELATED LINKS Expression maps (Cubase Pro only) on page 778