Steinberg Cubase 8 Manual
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Working with layouts Layout operations 1271 Layout operations The Score Settings dialog contains a Layout page, where you can make settings for the different layouts. To the left of the dialog, all existing layouts in the project are listed (this is the same list as in the Open Layout dialog, see above). The layout currently used is highlighted in the list. Opening the tracks in a layout To select another combination of tracks for editing, select the corresponding layout in the list. • You can keep the dialog open while you are editing, and use this function for selecting which tracks to edit. Importing layout symbols By selecting another layout and selecting “Get Form” from the Functions pop-up menu below the list, you import all Layout symbols (inserted from the Layout section in the Symbols Inspector) from the selected layout into the current layout. Managing layouts • To rename a layout, select it in the list and enter the desired name in the Name field to the right in the dialog. Initially, a layout gets the name of one of the edited tracks – it may be a good idea to give each layout a more informative name. • To remove a layout you no longer need, select it in the list and select “Remove” on the Functions pop-up menu.
Working with layouts Using layouts – an example 1272 • To remove all layouts for which there no longer are track combinations, select “Clean Up” on the Functions pop-up menu. Importing and exporting layouts By selecting a layout and selecting “Export” or “Import” from the Functions pop-up menu below the list, you can export or import a Layout. Note that all Staff settings are taken into account, when exporting or importing a layout. Working with Display Transpose You can specify for each staff in a layout whether it should use Display Transpose. In the Score Settings dialog on the Layout page, click in the D column to activate or deactivate the option. Note that this setting affects this layout only. Using layouts – an example The following text outlines the basic steps for extracting a musical part from a full score. PROCEDURE 1. Prepare the entire score, including all formatting. This might include inserting project layer block text for the score title, setting the bar line type, etc. 2. Open the Score Settings dialog on the Layout page and enter the desired name in the Name field (for example “Full Score”). 3. Close the Score Editor. 4. Open a single track, for example a woodwind part. The Project layer settings automatically appear in the new single track layout. 5. Prepare a layout for the woodwind part. You might for example move bar lines, add endings, activate multiple rests, etc. You can also import all layout symbols from the “Full Score” layout, by opening the Score Settings dialog on the Layout page, selecting the “Full Score” layout in the list to the left, and selecting “Get Form” from the Functions pop-up menu. IMPORTANT Be careful not to change any of the properties which are not part of the layout. This modifies the “Full Score”, too. 6. Enter the desired name for the new layout in the Name field on the Layout page of the Score Settings dialog and click “Apply”. RELATED LINKS Importing layout symbols on page 1271
Working with layouts Marker Track to Form 1273 Marker Track to Form If you have created markers in the Project window which denote the start of each new “section” in your music (verse, bridge, chorus, etc.), you can automatically transfer these markers into the current layout. PROCEDURE 1. Open the Scores menu, open the Advanced Layout submenu and select “Marker Track to Form”. Now, rehearsal marks and double bar lines are inserted in the score, at the position of each marker. 2. If you want the names of the markers shown as well, open the Advanced Layout submenu again and select “Display Markers”.
1274 Working with MusicXML Introduction MusicXML is a music notation format developed by Recordare LLC in 2000 based primarily on two academic music formats. It allows the representation of scores in the current symbolic representation of western music notation, used since the 17th century. With Cubase you can now import and export MusicXML files created with version 1.1. This makes it possible to share and exchange sheet music with people who are using score writing programs such as Finale and Sibelius. NOTE As MusicXML is supported to various degrees by different programs, you always have to do manual adjustments. What is MusicXML used for? The MusicXML file format can be used for the following purposes: • Representation and printing of sheet music • Exchange of sheet music between various score writing programs • Electronic distribution of musical scores • Storage and archiving of scores in an electronic format Notational representation vs. musical performance MusicXML is a music notation file format, that means it deals especially with the layout of music notation and the correct graphical representation, i. e. how a piece of music should look. However, MusicXML music data also contains elements that define how a piece of music should sound. For example, these are used when creating a MIDI file from MusicXML. This means that MusicXML has things in common with MIDI. MIDI is a music interchange format for performance applications like Cubase or other sequencers. The MIDI file format is designed for playback, i. e. the main focus of the MIDI file format lies in the performance, not in the notation.
Working with MusicXML Introduction 1275 Is MusicXML better than MIDI? The following sections inform you about the advantages of MusicXML and MIDI regarding note representation and sound. Advantages of MusicXML MIDI tracks hold MIDI notes and other MIDI data. A MIDI note in Cubase is only defined by its position, length, pitch and velocity. This is not enough to decide how the note will be displayed in a score. For a correct representation, Cubase also needs the following information: • Stem direction, beaming. • Expression marks (staccato, accent, ties and slurs). • Information about the instrument in the score. • Key and basic rhythm of the piece. • Grouping of notes, etc. MusicXML can save a great part of this information. However, you have to adjust the scores with the tools available in the Score Editor. Advantages of MIDI Although MusicXML has obvious advantages in the representation of musical scores, there are also restrictions in sound. This is due to the fact that MusicXML as a music notation format has a graphical background and is designed for exchanging representation, not sound. When playing back MusicXML files in Cubase, the following parameters, among others, are not considered: • On and Off velocities •Dynamics • Controller data •SysEx • Standard MIDI file meta events •Audio • All Cubase-specific data like automation, MIDI effects, Input Transformer, etc.
Working with MusicXML Importing and exporting MusicXML files 1276 Importing and exporting MusicXML files Cubase can import and export MusicXML files, which makes it possible to transfer musical scores to and from applications that support this file format. However, there are some restrictions concerning the parameters supported by Cubase. Importing and exporting Notes Importing and exporting Layouts Parameter Export Import Pitch Yes Yes Length Yes Yes Staves Yes Up to two per staff Voices Yes Up to four per staff Accidentals Yes Yes Ties Yes No Dots Yes No Stem Yes Yes Beams Yes No Grace Notes Yes Yes Rests Yes Yes Parameter Export Import Page Size Yes No Page margins Yes Yes Page scaling Yes Yes Page breaks Yes No System breaks Yes Yes Distance between staves and systemsYe s Ye s Left/right Inset Yes No Distance between measures Yes No Hidden staves Yes Yes x and y positions of symbols Yes Yes
Working with MusicXML Importing and exporting MusicXML files 1277 Importing and exporting Symbols Importing and exporting Formats Parameter Export Import Keys Yes Yes Clefs Yes Yes Time Signature Yes Yes Dynamics Yes Yes Ornaments Yes / incomplete Yes / incomplete Articulations Yes / incomplete Yes / incomplete Technicals Yes / incomplete Yes / incomplete Ly r i c s Ye s Ye s Chord Symbols Yes Yes Damper Pedal Yes Yes Dynamics Yes Yes Rehearsals Yes Yes Te x t Ye s Ye s Layout Text Yes N.A. Project Text Yes “Credits” Dashes Yes Yes Endings Yes Yes Octave Shift Yes Yes Bar line types Yes Yes Slurs Yes Yes Hammer-on/pull-off No No Parameter Export Import Display Transpose Yes Yes Drum notation Yes Yes Short / long staff names Yes Yes Program changes Yes N.A. Music font Yes (if Jazz font) Yes Tablature (including String tunings)Ye s Ye s
Working with MusicXML Importing and exporting MusicXML files 1278 Importing MusicXML files PROCEDURE 1. Open the File menu and open the Import submenu. 2. On the submenu, select “MusicXML…”. 3. In the file dialog that opens, locate and select the MusicXML file and click “Open”. 4. Another file dialog opens in which you can select the project folder for the new project. Select an existing project folder or create a new one by clicking “Create” and entering a name in the dialog. 5. A new project is created with the name of the MusicXML file. Exporting MusicXML files PROCEDURE 1. Set up the score the way you want it in the Score Editor of Cubase. 2. Open the File menu and open the Export submenu. 3. On the submenu, select “MusicXML…”. Note that this option is only available when the Score Editor is open. 4. A file dialog opens in which you can choose an existing empty folder or create a new folder for saving the MusicXML file (with the extension “.xml”).
1279 Designing your score: additional techniques About this chapter In this chapter you will learn: • How to change the staff size. • How to create multi-rests. • How to add and edit bar lines. • How to create upbeats. • How to set measure spacing and the number of bars across the page. • How to control staff and grand staff spacing. • How to use the Auto Layout dialog. • How to use the Reset Layout function. • How to break bar lines. IMPORTANTIMPORTANTIMPORTANTIMPORTANT Before you start designing the score page layout, you should open the Page Setup dialog on the File menu, and make settings for paper size, print scale and margins! Layout settings The Layout page of the Score Settings dialog contains a number of settings that affect the display of the current layout.
Designing your score: additional techniques Layout settings 1280 The track list The track list lists the tracks included in the layout and allows you to make the following settings: Brackets These two columns allow you to add braces or brackets, encompassing any number of staves in the layout. T This is relevant if the “Modern Time Sign.” option is activated to the right. In that case, you use this column to specify for which tracks the time signature is shown – see below. N This option lets you specify for each staff in a layout whether the staff name is shown. L If this is activated, any layout symbols are shown; otherwise they are hidden. For example, this allows you to have rehearsal marks shown for the top staff only in a multi-staff layout. D This option lets you specify for each staff in a layout whether it should use Display Transpose. C This option lets you specify which staff should show the chord track symbols. The chord track symbols can only be shown on one staff. RELATED LINKS Adding brackets and braces on page 1296 Displaying the Chord Symbols from the Chord Track on page 1296