Steinberg Cubase Le 8 Manual
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Quantizing MIDI and Audio Quantize Panel 171 Options for Quantizing to a Groove Groove quantizing is intended for recreating existing rhythmic feels by matching your recorded music to a timing grid generated from a MIDI part or an audio loop. To extract the groove from a MIDI part, from an audio loop, an audio event with hitpoints, or sliced audio, select the material and drag it onto the grid display in the middle of the Quantize Panel. Alternatively, you can use the “Create Groove Quantize Preset” function. Position This parameter lets you determine how much the timing of the groove affects the music. 0 % means that the timing of the music remains unaffected, while 100 % means that the timing is adjusted to match the groove completely. Velocity (MIDI Only) This parameter lets you determine how much the velocity values within the groove affect the music. Note that not all grooves contain velocity information. Length (MIDI Only) This parameter lets you specify how much the length of the notes is affected by the groove. This is done by modifying the note-off value. NOTE For drums, the Length setting is ignored as drum sounds cannot be sustained. Pre-Quantize This pop-up menu lets you quantize your audio or MIDI to a musical grid before groove quantizing. This helps you to get the notes closer to their groove destination. For example, if you apply a shuffle groove to a 16th-note pattern, you can set up a Pre-Quantize value of 16 to straighten up the timing before applying the groove quantizing. Max. Move Here, you can select a note value to specify a maximum distance that the audio or MIDI is moved.
Quantizing MIDI and Audio Additional Quantizing Functions 172 Orig. Position If you activate this option, the starting point of the quantizing operation is not the first bar of the project, but the original starting position of the audio or MIDI material used to find the groove. This allows you to synchronize material that does not start from bar 1 of the project. RELATED LINKS Creating Groove Quantize Presets on page 172 Additional Quantizing Functions Freezing MIDI Quantizing The Freeze MIDI Quantize function on the Edit menu, Advanced Quantize submenu, makes the start and end positions of MIDI events permanent. This is useful in situations where you want to quantize a second time, based on the current quantized positions rather than the original positions. Reset Quantize This command on the Edit menu reverts your audio or MIDI to its original, unquantized state. This function is independent from the regular Undo History. NOTE The Reset function also resets any length changes that you performed using the “Scale Length/Legato” slider. RELATED LINKS Length on page 449 Creating Groove Quantize Presets You can generate a groove quantize map based on hitpoints that you have created in the Sample Editor. PROCEDURE 1. Open the Sample Editor for the audio event from which you want to extract the timing. 2. Create and edit hitpoints. 3. On the Hitpoints tab, click the “Create Groove” button. The groove is extracted.
Quantizing MIDI and Audio Additional Quantizing Functions 173 RESULT If you open the Quantize pop-up menu on the Project window toolbar, you will find an additional item at the bottom of the list, with the same name as the file from which you have extracted the groove. You can select it as a base for quantizing, just like any other quantize value. AFTER COMPLETING THIS TASK To save the groove, open the Quantize Panel and save it as a preset. RELATED LINKS Working with hitpoints and slices on page 297 Save/Remove Preset on page 168
174 Fades and crossfades Creating fades There are two types of fade ins and fade outs in audio events in Cubase: event-based fades that you create by using the fade handles and clip-based fades created by processing. RELATED LINKS Event-based fades on page 174 Clip-based fades on page 176 Event-based fades Selected audio events have triangular handles in the upper left and right corners. These can be dragged to create a fade in or fade out, respectively. The fade handles are visible when you point the mouse at the event. The fade is automatically reflected in the shape of the event’s waveform, giving you a visual feedback of the result when dragging the fade handle. Fades created with the handles are not applied to the audio clip as such but calculated in realtime during playback. This means that several events referring to the same audio clip can have different fade curves. It also means that having a large number of fades may require more processing power. • If you select multiple events and drag the fade handles of one of them, the same fade is applied to all selected events. • A fade can be edited in the Fade dialog, as described on the following pages. You open the dialog by double-clicking in the area above the fade curve, or by selecting the event and selecting “Open Fade Editor(s)” from the Audio menu (note that this will open two dialogs if the event has both fade in and fade out curves). If you adjust the shape of the fade curve in the Fade dialog, this shape will be maintained when you later adjust the length of the fade.
Fades and crossfades Creating fades 175 • You can make the fade longer or shorter at any time, by dragging the handle. You can do this without selecting the event first, i. e. without visible handles. Just move the mouse pointer along the fade curve until the cursor turns into a bidirectional arrow, then click and drag. • If the “Show Event Volume Curves Always” option is activated in the Preferences dialog (Event Display–Audio page), fade curves are shown in all events, regardless of whether they are selected or not. If the option is deactivated, the fade curves are shown in selected events only. • If the “Use Mouse Wheel for Event volume and Fades” option is activated in the Preferences dialog (Editing–Audio page), moving the mouse wheel moves the volume curve up or down. When you press [Shift] while moving the mouse wheel, and position the mouse pointer somewhere in the left half of the event, the fade in end point is moved. When the mouse pointer is in the right half of the event, the fade out start point is moved. NOTE In the Key Commands dialog (Audio category) you can set up key commands for changing the event volume curve and any fade curves. RELATED LINKS Key Commands on page 602 Creating and adjusting fades with the Range Selection tool Event-based fades can also be created and adjusted with the Range Selection tool. PROCEDURE 1. Select a section of the audio event with the Range Selection tool. 2. Open the Audio menu and select “Adjust Fades to Range”. The result depends on your selection: • If you select a range from the beginning of the event, a fade in is created within the range. • If you select a range that reaches the end of an event, a fade out is created in the range. • If you select a range encompassing a middle section of the event, but not reaching neither the start nor the end, a fade in is created from the beginning of the event to the beginning of the selected range, and a fade out is created from the end of the selected range to the end of the event. IMPORTANT You can select multiple audio events on separate tracks with the Range Selection tool, and apply the fade to all of them simultaneously.
Fades and crossfades Creating fades 176 About the volume handle A selected audio event also has a square handle in the top middle: the volume handle. It provides a quick way of changing the volume of an event in the Project window. Note that dragging the volume handle also changes the value on the info line. The volume change is displayed numerically on the info line. The event waveform reflects the volume change. • Drag the Volume handle up or down to change the volume of the event. Removing fades • To remove the fades for an event, select the event and select “Remove Fades” from the Audio menu. • If you want to remove the fades in a specific range only, select the fade area with the Range Selection tool and select “Remove Fades” from the Audio menu. Clip-based fades If you have selected an audio event or a section of an audio event (using the Range Selection tool), you can apply a fade in or fade out to the selection by using the “Fade In” or “Fade Out” function on the Process submenu of the Audio menu. These functions open the corresponding Fade dialog, allowing you to specify a fade curve. Fades created this way are applied to the audio clip rather than to the event. IMPORTANTIMPORTANTIMPORTANTIMPORTANT The length of the fade area is determined by your selection. In other words, you specify the length of the fade before you open the Fade dialog. You can select multiple events and apply the same processing to all of them simultaneously.
Fades and crossfades The Fade dialogs 177 • You can also activate the “Please, don’t ask again” option. Regardless of whether you then choose “Continue” or “New Version”, any further processing will conform to the option you select. You can change this setting at any time in the Preferences dialog (Editing–Audio page), under “On Processing Shared Clips”. The Fade dialogs The Fade dialogs appear when you edit an existing fade or use the Fade In/Fade Out functions on the Process submenu of the Audio menu. The picture below shows the Fade In dialog; the Fade Out dialog has identical settings and features. If you open the Fade dialog(s) with several events selected, you can adjust the fade curves for all these events at the same time. This is useful if you want to apply the same type of fade in to more than one event, etc. The available options are: Curve Kind These buttons determine whether the fade curve consists of spline curve segments (left button), damped spline segments (middle button), or linear segments (right button). Fade display This shows the shape of the fade curve. The resulting waveform shape is shown in dark gray, with the current waveform shape in light gray. Click on the curve to add points, and click and drag existing points to change the shape. To remove a point from the curve, drag it outside the display. Curve shape buttons These buttons give you quick access to some common curve shapes. Restore button This button is only available when editing fades made by dragging the fade handles. Click this to cancel any changes you have made since opening the dialog.
Fades and crossfades The Fade dialogs 178 Fade Length Value This parameter is only available when editing fades made by dragging the fade handles. It can be used to enter fade lengths numerically. The format of values displayed here is determined by the Time Display in the Transport panel. • When you activate the Apply Length option, the value entered in the Fade Length value field is used when clicking Apply or OK. • When you set the current fade as the default fade, the length value is included as part of the default settings. Presets In this section you can set up presets for fade in or fade out curves that you want to apply to other events or clips. • To apply a stored preset, select it from the pop-up menu. • To rename the selected preset, double-click on the name and type in a new one. • To remove a stored preset, select it from the pop-up menu and click Remove. As Default button This button is only available when editing fades made by dragging the fade handles. Click this to save the current settings as the default fade, to be used whenever you create new fades by dragging event handles. Applying a fade Depending on whether you are editing a fade made with the fade handles or applying a fade using processing, different buttons are shown in the bottom row of the Fade dialog. The Edit Fade dialogs have the following buttons: OK Applies the set fade curve to the event, and closes the dialog. Cancel Closes the dialog without applying any fade. Apply Applies the set fade curve to the event, without closing the dialog. The Process Fade dialogs have the following buttons: Preview Plays back the fade area. Playback will repeat until you click the button again (the button is labeled “Stop” during playback).
Fades and crossfades Creating crossfades 179 Process Applies the set fade curve to the clip, and closes the dialog. Cancel Closes the dialog without applying any fade. Creating crossfades Overlapping audio material on the same track can be crossfaded, for smooth transitions or special effects. You create a crossfade by selecting two consecutive audio events and selecting the Crossfade command on the Audio menu (or by using the corresponding key command, by default [X]). The result depends on whether the two events overlap or not: • If the events overlap, a crossfade is created in the overlapping area. The crossfade will be of the default shape (linear, symmetric), but you can change this as described below. Crossfade area NOTE The default crossfade length and shape are set in the Crossfade dialog. • If the events do not overlap but are directly consecutive (lined up end-to-start, with no gap) it is still possible to crossfade them – provided that their respective audio clips overlap! In this case, the two events are resized so that they overlap, and a crossfade of the default length and shape is applied. • If the events do not overlap and cannot be resized enough to overlap, a crossfade cannot be created. • You can specify the length of the crossfade using the Range Selection tool: make a selection range covering the desired crossfade area and use the Crossfade command on the Audio menu. The crossfade is applied to the selected range (provided that the events or their clips overlap, as described above). NOTE You can also make a selection range after creating the crossfade and use the function “Adjust fades to Range” on the Audio menu.
Fades and crossfades The Crossfade dialog 180 • Once you have created a crossfade, you can edit it by selecting one or both crossfaded events, and selecting “Crossfade” from the Audio menu again (or by double-clicking in the crossfade zone). This opens the Crossfade dialog. RELATED LINKS The Crossfade dialog on page 180 Removing crossfades To remove a crossfade, proceed as follows: • Select the corresponding events and select “Remove Fades” from the Audio menu. • Use the Range Selection tool to select all fades and crossfades you wish to remove, and select “Remove Fades” from the Audio menu. • Select a crossfade by clicking, and drag it outside the track. The Crossfade dialog The Crossfade dialog contains separate, but identical, sections for the fade-in and fade-out curve settings in the crossfade on the left, and common settings on the right: Fade curve displays These displays show the shape of the fade out and fade in curve, respectively. Click on a curve to add points, click and drag existing points to change their shape, or drag a point outside the display to remove it. Curve buttons The curve kind buttons determine whether the corresponding fade curve consists of spline curve segments (left button), damped spline segments (middle button) or linear segments (right button). The curve shape buttons give you quick access to some common curve shapes.