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Steinberg Nuendo 5 Manual

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    							511
    Synchronization
    10.Ensure that the pre-roll and post-roll times are appro-
    priate for the VTR.
    In most cases, the default values will be sufficient for the VTR to get up to 
    speed before punching in.
    11.On Nuendo’s Transport panel, activate the Sync button.
    This turns Nuendo into a timecode slave. Once the VTR starts to play, 
    Nuendo will sync to incoming timecode.
    12.On the 9-Pin Device panel, click the Auto Edit button.
    This starts the Auto Edit process. The tape transport locates to the set 
    pre-roll position (by default, 5 seconds before the left locator) and starts 
    playback. When the left locator is reached, the VTR enters record mode.
    13.The Auto Edit is complete when the right locator is 
    reached and the VTR goes out of record.
    After reaching the right locator, the VTR continues playing for the set 
    post-roll time (by default 2 seconds) before it stops.
    Theatrical mixing stage
    A theatrical mixing stage (also known as a dub stage) is a 
    large theater-sized room used to create the final mixdown 
    for feature films that will be presented in theaters with sur
    -
    round sound. These types of studios are very complex, 
    dealing with hundreds of audio tracks at once through 
    large mixing consoles along with high-quality video and 
    film playback systems.
    In this example, Nuendo is only one part of a very large 
    system of devices that need to be perfectly synchronized 
    with one another. An external master 9-Pin controller will 
    operate the transport of the entire system remotely from 
    the console and timecode will be handled via 9-Pin inter
    -
    face through the SyncStation. The audio clock will be ref-
    erenced to tri-level HD video sync fed to the SyncStation 
    which will output dedicated word clock to both Nuendo 
    and the digital console.
    •Audio clock is generated by the house sync generator.
    In this example, video sync is being fed to the SyncStation as both a 
    speed reference and a phase reference for sample-accurate sync. Word 
    clock goes from the SyncStation to Nuendo and the digital console.
    •The console is the machine control master, sending 
    9-Pin control commands and status messages to the 
    SyncStation.
    The console controls the playback in Nuendo via the SyncStation. Nuendo 
    is the timecode slave. The SyncStation is acting as a machine control 
    slave.
    •Timecode is fed to the SyncStation via 9-Pin and then 
    via a USB connection to Nuendo (as MTC).
    The SyncStation’s 9-Pin interface is capable of using 9-Pin timecode ef-
    fectively for accurate synchronization. Direct serial port 9-Pin connections 
    should not be used this way.
    Sync settings for a theatrical mixing stage
    To configure Nuendo for this example setup, proceed as 
    follows:
    1.Make the connections as shown in the diagram above.
    In this example, the SyncStation handles many of the synchronization 
    tasks. Please refer to the documentation that comes with the SyncSta-
    tion for complete information on its operation.
    2.Open the Project Synchronization Setup dialog and 
    select the SyncStation as the timecode source.
    The SyncStation sends MTC over the USB connection to Nuendo. The 
    SyncStation will use its “Virtual Master” mode to generate timecode. 
    						
    							512
    Synchronization
    3.In the “Machine Control Input Source” section, select 
    the SyncStation option.
    Provided that the SyncStation is set to route record and track arming 
    commands to Nuendo, this will allow the digital console to record-enable 
    audio tracks in Nuendo and enter record mode via 9-Pin commands sent 
    to the SyncStation.
    4.On the Transport panel, activate the Sync button.
    Nuendo will await incoming timecode from the SyncStation.
    5.Test the record-enable buttons on the console.
    If configured properly, the corresponding audio tracks in Nuendo be-
    come record-enabled.
    6.Press play on the console’s transport control.
    This will send the play commands to the SyncStation over 9-Pin and the 
    SyncStation will start generating timecode to synchronize Nuendo.
    Working with VST System Link
    VST System Link is a network system for digital audio that 
    allows you to have several computers working together in 
    one large system. Unlike conventional networks it does not 
    require Ethernet cards, hubs, or CAT-5 cables; instead it 
    uses the kind of digital audio hardware and cables you 
    probably already possess in your studio.
    VST System Link has been designed to be simple to set 
    up and operate, yet give enormous flexibility and perfor
    -
    mance gains in use. It is capable of linking computers in a 
    “ring” network (the System Link signal is passed from one 
    machine to the next, and eventually returns to the first ma
    -
    chine). VST System Link can send its networking signal 
    over any type of digital audio cable, including S/PDIF, 
    ADAT, TDIF, or AES, as long as each computer in the sys
    -
    tem is equipped with a suitable ASIO compatible audio in-
    terface.
    Linking up two or more computers gives you vast possibil-
    ities:
    • Dedicate one computer to running VST instruments while re-
    cording audio tracks on another.
    • If you need lots of audio tracks, you may simply add tracks on 
    another computer.
    • You could have one computer serve as a “virtual effect rack”, 
    running CPU-intensive send effect plug-ins only.
    • Since you can use VST System Link to connect different VST 
    System Link applications on different platforms, you can take 
    advantage of effect plug-ins and VST instruments that are 
    specific to certain programs or platforms.
    Requirements
    The following equipment is required for VST System Link 
    operation:
    •Two or more computers.
    These can be of the same type or use different operating systems – it 
    does not matter. For example, you can link an Intel-based PC to an Apple 
    Macintosh without problems.
    •Each computer must have audio hardware with specific 
    ASIO drivers.
    •The audio hardware must have digital inputs and out-
    puts.
    To be able to connect the computers, the digital connections must be 
    compatible (i.
     e. the same digital formats and connection types must be 
    available).
    •At least one digital audio cable must be available for 
    each computer in the network.
    •A VST System Link host application must be installed 
    on each computer.
    Any VST System Link application can connect to another.
    Additionally, use of a KVM switchbox is recommended.
    Using a KVM switchbox
    Whether you want to set up a multi-computer network or a 
    small network in a limited space, it is a good idea to invest in 
    a KVM (Keyboard, Video, Mouse) switchbox. With one of 
    these you can use the same keyboard, monitor, and mouse 
    to control each computer in the system, and you can switch 
    between computers very rapidly. KVM switchboxes are not 
    too expensive, and they are very easy to set up and operate. 
    If you decide not to go this route, the network will function 
    just the same, but you may end up doing a lot of jumping 
    from one machine to the other while setting up! 
    						
    							513
    Synchronization
    Making connections
    Below, we assume that you are connecting two comput-
    ers. Should you have more than two computers, it is still 
    best to start with two and add the others one by one once 
    the system is working – this makes troubleshooting easier 
    if you run into problems. For two computers, you will need 
    two digital audio cables, one in each direction:
    1.Use the first digital audio cable to connect the digital 
    output of computer 1 to the digital input of computer 2.
    2.Use the other cable to connect the digital output of 
    computer 2 to the digital input of computer 1.
    •If a card has more than one set of inputs and outputs, 
    choose whichever one that suits you – for simplicity usu
    -
    ally the first set is best.
    Synchronization
    Before you proceed, you need to make sure that the clock 
    signals on your ASIO cards are synchronized correctly. 
    This is essential when cabling any kind of digital audio 
    system, not just VST System Link.
    The clock mode or sync mode is set up in the ASIO con-
    trol panel of the audio hardware. Proceed as follows:
    1.From the Devices menu, open the Device Setup dialog.
    2.On the VST Audio System page, select your audio in-
    terface from the ASIO Driver pop-up menu.
    In the Devices list, the name of the audio interface now appears as a sub-
    entry to the “VST Audio System” entry.
    3.In the Devices list, select your audio interface.
    4.Click the Control Panel button.
    The ASIO control panel appears.
    5.Open the ASIO control panel on the other computer 
    as well.
    If you are using another VST System Link host application on that com-puter, check its documentation for details on how to open the ASIO con-
    trol panel.
    6.Now you need to make sure that one audio card is set 
    to be the clock master and all other cards are set to be 
    clock slaves (i.
     e. they listen for the clock signal coming 
    from the clock master).
    The naming and procedure for this differs depending on the audio hard-
    ware – consult its documentation if required. If you are using Steinberg 
    Nuendo ASIO hardware, all cards default to the AutoSync setting. In this 
    case you must set one of the cards (and only one) to “Master” in the 
    Clock Mode section of the control panel.
    •Typically, the ASIO control panel for an audio card con-
    tains some indication of whether or not the card receives a 
    proper sync signal, including the sample rate of that signal.
    This is a good indication that you have connected the cards and set up 
    clock sync properly. Check your audio hardware’s documentation for de
    -tails.
    The only exception to this procedure is if you are using an 
    external clock – from a digital mixing desk or a special 
    word clock synchronizer, for example. In that case you 
    must leave all your ASIO cards in clock slave or AutoSync 
    mode and make sure that each of them is listening for the 
    signal coming from the synchronizer. This signal is usually 
    passed through your ADAT cables or word clock connec
    -
    tors in a daisy chain fashion.
    VST System Link and latency
    The general definition of latency is the amount of time it 
    takes any system to respond to whatever messages are 
    sent to it. For example, if your system’s latency is high and 
    you play VST instruments in realtime, you will get a notice
    -
    able delay between when you press a key and when you 
    hear the sound of the VST instrument. Nowadays, most 
    ASIO-compatible audio cards are capable of operating 
    with very low latencies. Also, all VST applications are de
    -
    signed to compensate for latency during playback, making 
    the playback timing tight.
    However, the latency time of a VST System Link network 
    is the total latency of all the ASIO cards in the system 
    added together. Therefore it is extra important to minimize 
    the latency times for each computer in the network.
    !All digital audio cables by definition always carry a 
    clock signal as well as audio signals, so you do not 
    have to use a special word clock input and output for 
    this (although you may find that you get a slightly 
    more stable audio system if you do, especially when 
    using multiple computers).
    !It is very important that only one card is the clock 
    master, otherwise the network cannot function cor
    -
    rectly. Once you have set this up, all the other cards 
    in the network will take their clock signal from this 
    card automatically. 
    						
    							514
    Synchronization
    ÖThe latency does not affect the synchronization – it is 
    always perfectly in time. But it can affect the time it takes 
    to send and receive MIDI and audio signals, or make the 
    system seem sluggish.
    To adjust the latency of a system, you adjust the size of the 
    buffers in the ASIO control panel – the lower the buffer 
    size, the lower the latency. It is best to keep to fairly low la
    -
    tencies (buffer sizes) if your system can handle it – about 
    12
     ms or less is usually a good idea.
    Setting up your software
    Now it is time to set up your programs. The procedures 
    below describe how to set things up in Nuendo. If you are 
    using another program on the other computer, please re
    -
    fer to its documentation.
    Setting the sample rate
    The projects in both programs must be set to use the 
    same sample rate. Select “Project Setup…” from the 
    Project menu and make sure that the sample rate is the 
    same in both systems.
    Streaming digital audio between applications
    1.Create input and output busses in both applications 
    and route these to the digital inputs and outputs.
    The number and configuration of the busses depend on your audio hard-ware and on your needs. If you have a system with eight digital i/o chan-
    nels (such as an ADAT connection), you could create several stereo or 
    mono busses, a surround bus together with a stereo bus, or any combi
    -nation you need. The important thing is that you should have the same 
    configuration in both applications – if you have four stereo output busses 
    on computer 1, you want four stereo input busses on computer 2, etc.
    2.Set things up so that computer 1 plays back some 
    audio.
    For example, you could import an audio file and play it back in Cycle 
    mode.
    3.In the Inspector or Mixer, make sure that the channel 
    containing the audio material is routed to one of the digital 
    output busses.
    4.On computer 2, open the Mixer and locate the corre-
    sponding digital input bus.
    The audio being played back should now “appear” in the program run-
    ning on computer 2. You should see the input bus level meters moving.
    5.Reverse this procedure so that computer 2 plays back 
    and computer 1 “listens”.
    Now you have verified that the digital connection works as 
    it should.
    ÖFrom this point on in this chapter, we refer to the bus-
    ses connected to the digital inputs and outputs as “VST 
    System Link busses”.
    Settings for the audio hardware
    When you exchange VST System Link data between com-
    puters, it is important that the digital information is not 
    changed in any way between the programs. Therefore, 
    you should open the control panel (or additional applica
    -
    tion) for your audio hardware and make sure that the fol-
    lowing conditions are met:
    •If there are additional “format settings” for the digital 
    ports that you use for VST System Link data, make sure 
    that these are turned off.
    For example, if you are using an S/PDIF connection for VST System Link, 
    make sure that “Professional format”, Emphasis, and Dithering are turned 
    off.
    •If your audio hardware has a mixer application allowing 
    you to adjust the levels of digital inputs and outputs, make 
    sure that this mixer is disabled or that the levels for the 
    VST System Link channels are set to ±0
     dB.
    •Similarly, make sure no other forms of DSP (pan, effects, 
    etc.) are applied to the VST System Link signal.
    Notes for Hammerfall DSP users
    If you are using RME Audio Hammerfall DSP audio hard-
    ware, the Totalmix function allows for extremely complex 
    signal routing and mixing in the audio hardware. This can 
    in some situations lead to “signal loops” in which case the 
    VST System Link will not work. If you want to make abso
    -
    lutely sure this will not cause any problems, select the de-
    fault or “plain” preset for the Totalmix function.
    Activating VST System Link
    Before you proceed, you need to make sure that VST Sys-
    tem Link is set as the timecode source in the Project Syn-
    chronization Setup dialog and that the desired Sync 
    options are activated, see 
    “Timecode Preferences” on 
    page 503.
    After setting up the inputs and outputs, you now need to 
    define which input/output will carry the actual VST System 
    Link information. 
    						
    							515
    Synchronization
    The VST System Link networking signal is carried on only 
    one bit of one channel. This means that if you have an 
    ADAT-based system which normally carries eight channels 
    of 24-bit audio, once you activate VST System Link you will 
    have seven channels of 24-bit audio and one channel of 
    23-bit audio (the least significant bit of this last channel will 
    be used for networking). In practice this makes no discern
    -
    ible difference to the audio quality, since you will still have 
    around 138
     dB headroom on this channel.
    To set things up, open the VST System Link panel:
    1.From the Devices menu, open the Device Setup dialog.
    2.In the Devices list to the left, select the “VST System 
    Link” entry.
    The VST System Link settings are shown to the right of the Devices list.
    3.Use the ASIO Input and ASIO Output pop-up menus 
    to define which channel is the networking channel.
    4.Activate the Active checkbox at the top left of the panel.
    5.Repeat the steps above for every computer in the net-
    work. 
    As the computers are made active, you should see the 
    Sending and Receiving indicators flashing on each active 
    computer, and the name of each computer should appear 
    in the list at the bottom of the pane. Each computer is as
    -
    signed a random number – do not worry about this, it is 
    just so the network knows internally which one is which.
    •You can double-click on the name in bold (which is the 
    name of the computer you are currently working on) and 
    set it to whatever other name you wish.
    This name will appear in the VST System Link window of every computer 
    on the network.
    ÖIf you do not see the name of each computer appear-
    ing once you have made it active, you need to check your 
    settings. Go through the procedure above again and 
    make sure that all ASIO cards are listening to the digital 
    clock signals correctly, and that each computer has the 
    correct inputs and outputs assigned to the VST System 
    Link network.
    Putting the network online
    After each computer’s name you will see whether it is on-
    line or not. When a computer is online, it will receive trans-
    port and timecode signals, and its sequencer application 
    can be started and stopped by remote control. If it is off-
    line, it can only be started from its own keyboard – it is ef
    -
    fectively an independent machine, although it is still on the 
    network.
    ÖNote that any computer can control any and all of the 
    others – VST System Link is a peer-to-peer network and 
    there is no absolute “master” computer.
    To put all computers online, proceed as follows:
    1.For all computers, activate the Online checkbox on the 
    VST System Link page. 
    2.Start playback on one computer to check that the sys-
    tem is working – all computers should start almost instantly 
    and play perfectly in time, with sample-accurate precision.
    •The Offset Samples setting allows you to adjust whether 
    one machine will play slightly ahead or behind the rest.
    This is normally not needed, but occasionally with some hardware you 
    may find that the lock is a few samples out. For now, leave it set to 0 – it 
    will most likely be what you want.
    •The Transfer Bits setting allows you to specify whether 
    you want to transfer 24 or 16 bits. This allows you to use 
    older audio cards which do not support transfer of 24 bits.
    Receiving 
    and 
    Sending 
    indicators 
    						
    							516
    Synchronization
    VST System Link sends and understands all transport 
    commands (such as play, stop, fast forward, rewind, etc.). 
    This allows you to control the entire network from one 
    computer without a problem – try it! If you jump to a loca
    -
    tor point on one machine, all other machines will also in-
    stantly jump to that locator point.
    Scrubbing via VST System Link
    You can scrub on one computer and have the video and 
    audio on another computer scrub along. However, the 
    playback on the linked systems may not be perfectly in 
    sync while scrubbing and there are some further restric
    -
    tions you should bear in mind when scrubbing via VST 
    System Link:
    •Use the jog/shuttle control on the Transport panel or a 
    remote controller for scrubbing.
    Scrubbing with the Scrub tool does not work over a VST System Link 
    connection.
    •Always use the system where you started scrubbing to 
    control the scrubbing, e.
     g. change the scrub speed or 
    stop scrubbing.
    Changing the scrub speed on a remote system will only change the 
    speed on the local system.
    •You can start playback on all systems.
    This stops scrubbing and enters playback on all systems in sync.
    Using MIDI
    As well as supplying transport and sync control, VST Sys-
    tem Link also supplies up to 16 MIDI ports, with 16 chan-
    nels each. To set this up, proceed as follows:
    1.Use the MIDI Inputs and MIDI Outputs value fields to 
    specify the number of MIDI ports you need.
    The default value is 0 MIDI In and 0 MIDI Out ports.
    2.In the Project window, create a MIDI track and open 
    the Inspector (top section).
    3.If you now pull down the Input or Output Routing pop-
    up menu, you will find the specified System Link ports 
    added to the list of MIDI inputs or outputs.
    This allows you to route MIDI tracks to VST instruments 
    running on another computer, as described in the applica
    -
    tion examples (see “Using one computer for VST instru-
    ments” on page 518).
    The “Use Selected ASIO Ports for Data only” setting
    If you are sending huge amounts of MIDI data at once, 
    there is a small possibility that you might run out of band
    -
    width on your VST System Link network. This will manifest 
    itself by notes “choking” or timing becoming erratic.
    If this happens, you can devote more bandwidth to MIDI 
    by activating the “Use Selected ASIO Ports for Data only” 
    option on the VST System Link page of the Device Setup 
    dialog. When this is activated, the VST System Link infor
    -
    mation will be sent on the entire channel instead of just 
    one bit, more than enough for all the MIDI you could ever 
    hope to use. The downside is that you can no longer use 
    this ASIO channel for audio transfer (do not connect it to a 
    speaker!), thus leaving you with only 7 audio channels in 
    our ADAT cable example. Depending on how you work, 
    this might be a reasonable compromise.
    !Make sure that all computers have their tempos set 
    to the same value, otherwise your synchronization 
    will be seriously skewed. 
    						
    							517
    Synchronization
    Hearing the network audio
    If you are using an external mixing desk, hearing your audio 
    really is not an issue – just plug the outputs of each com
    -
    puter into the desired channels on the external mixing 
    desk, start playback on one of the computers, and you are 
    good to go.
    However, many people prefer to mix internally inside the 
    computer and just use a desk for monitoring (or maybe not 
    use any external mixer at all). In this case you will need to 
    select one computer to be your “main mix computer” and 
    send the audio from your other computers into this.
    In the following example, we assume you are using two 
    computers, with computer 1 as your main mix computer 
    and computer 2 running two additional stereo audio 
    tracks, an FX channel track with a reverb plug-in and a 
    VST instrument plug-in with stereo outputs.
    Proceed as follows:
    1.Set things up so that you can listen to the audio play-
    back from computer 1.
    In other words, you need an unused set of outputs, e. g. an analog stereo 
    output, connected to your monitoring equipment.
    2.On computer 2, route each of the two audio tracks to 
    a separate output bus.
    These should be busses connected to the digital outputs – let’s call 
    them Bus 1 and 2.
    3.Route the FX channel track to another VST System 
    Link bus (Bus 3).
    4.Route the VST instrument channel to yet another bus 
    (Bus 4).
    5.Go back to computer 1 and check the corresponding 
    four VST System Link input busses.
    If you start playback on computer 2, the audio should “appear” on the in-put busses on computer 1. However, to mix these audio sources you 
    need actual Mixer channels.
    6.Add four new stereo audio tracks on computer 1 and 
    route these to the output bus you use for listening, e.
     g. to 
    the analog stereo outputs.
    7.For each of the audio tracks, select one of the four in-
    put busses.
    Now, each computer 2 bus is routed to a separate audio channel on 
    computer 1.
    8.Activate monitoring for the four tracks.
    If you now start playback, the audio from computer 2 will 
    be sent “live” to the new tracks on computer 1, allowing 
    you to hear them together with any tracks you play back 
    on computer 1.
    For more information about Monitoring, see “About moni-
    toring” on page 32.
    Adding more tracks
    What if you have more audio tracks than you have VST 
    System Link busses (physical outputs)? Then you just use 
    the computer 2 mixer as a submixer: Route several audio 
    channels to the same output bus and adjust the output 
    bus level if needed.
    ÖIf your audio cards have multiple sets of input and out-
    put connections, you can link up multiple ADAT cables 
    and send audio via any of the busses on any of the cables.
    Internal mixing and latency
    One problem with mixing inside the computer is the latency 
    issue we mentioned earlier. The VST engine always com
    -
    pensates for record latencies, but if you are monitoring 
    through computer 1 you will hear a processing delay while 
    you listen to signals coming from your other computers 
    (not on your recording!). If your audio card in computer 1 
    supports ASIO Direct Monitoring you should definitely turn 
    this on. You can find the setting on the VST Audio System 
    device panel for your hardware (see 
    “ASIO Direct Monitor-
    ing” on page 98). Most modern ASIO cards support this 
    function. If yours does not, you may want to change the 
    Offset Samples value on the VST System Link page to 
    compensate for any latency issues.
    Setting up a larger network
    Setting up a larger network is not much more difficult than 
    a two-computer network. The main thing to remember is 
    that VST System Link is a daisy chain system. In other 
    words, the output of computer 1 goes to the input of com
    -
    puter 2, the output of computer 2 goes to the input of 
    computer 3, and so on around the chain. The output of the 
    last computer in the chain must always go back into the 
    input of computer 1, to complete the ring. 
    						
    							518
    Synchronization
    Once you have done this, the transmission of all the trans-
    port, sync, and MIDI information to the whole network is 
    handled pretty much automatically. However, where you 
    may run into confusion in a large network is in the trans
    -
    mission of audio signals back to a central mix computer.
    If you have lots of hardware inputs and outputs on your 
    ASIO cards, you do not have to send audio via the chain at 
    all, but can transmit it directly to the master mix computer 
    via one or more of its other hardware inputs. For example, if 
    you have a Nuendo Digiset interface or 9652 card on com
    -
    puter 1, you could use ADAT cable 1 for networking, ADAT 
    cable 2 as a direct audio input from computer 2, and ADAT 
    cable 3 as a direct audio input from computer 3.
    You can also transmit audio via the ring system if you do 
    not have enough hardware I/Os for direct audio transmis
    -
    sion. For example, in a four-computer scenario you could 
    send audio from computer 2 into a channel in the Mixer in 
    computer 3, from there to a channel in the Mixer in com
    -
    puter 4, and from there back to the master Mixer in com-
    puter 1. This can certainly be tricky to set up, so for 
    complex networks it is generally recommended to use 
    ASIO cards with at least three separate digital I/Os. 
    Application examples
    Using one computer for VST instruments
    In this example, one computer will be used as main record 
    and playback machine, and another computer as a virtual 
    synth rack. Proceed as follows:
    1.Record a MIDI track into computer 1.
    2.Once you have finished recording, route the MIDI out-
    put of that track to VST System Link MIDI port 1.
    3.On computer 2, open up the VST Instrument rack and 
    assign an instrument to the first slot in the rack.
    4.Route the VST instrument channel to the desired out-
    put bus.
    If you are using computer 1 as your main mixing computer, this would be 
    one of the VST System Link output busses, connected to computer 1.
    5.Create a new MIDI track in the Project window of 
    computer 2 and assign the MIDI output of the track to the 
    VST instrument you created. 
    6.Assign the MIDI input of the track to be VST System 
    Link port 1.
    Now, the MIDI track on computer 1 is routed to the MIDI track on com-
    puter 2, which in turn is routed to the VST instrument.
    7.Now activate monitoring for the MIDI track on com-
    puter 2, so that it will listen and respond to any MIDI com-
    mands coming in.
    In Nuendo, click the Monitor button in the track list or Inspector.
    8.Start playback on computer 1.
    It will now send the MIDI information on the track to the VST instrument 
    loaded on computer 2.
    Even with a slow computer you should be able to stack a 
    whole bunch of extra VST instruments this way, expanding 
    your sound palette considerably. Do not forget that VST 
    System Link MIDI is also sample-accurate, and thus has 
    much tighter timing than any hardware MIDI interface ever 
    invented!
    Creating a virtual effect rack
    The effect sends for an audio channel in Nuendo can ei-
    ther be routed to an FX channel track or to any activated 
    group or output bus. This allows you to use a separate 
    computer as a “virtual effect rack”, by setting the system 
    up as follows:
    1.On computer 2 (the machine you will use as effect 
    rack), add a new stereo audio track.
    You cannot use an FX channel track in this case, since the track must 
    have an audio input.
    2.Add the desired effect as an insert effect for the track.
    Let’s say you add a high-quality reverb plug-in.
    3.In the Inspector, select one of the VST System Link 
    busses as input for the audio track.
    You want to use a separate VST System Link bus, which will only be 
    used for this purpose.
    4.Route the channel to the desired output bus.
    If you are using computer 1 as your main mixing computer, this would be 
    one of the VST System Link output busses, connected to computer 1.
    5.Activate monitoring for the track.
    6.Go back to computer 1 and select a track to which 
    you want to add some reverb.
    7.Bring up the effect sends for the track in the Inspector 
    or the Mixer. 
    						
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    Synchronization
    8.Open the Send Routing pop-up menu for one of the 
    sends and select the VST System Link bus assigned to 
    the reverb in step 3.
    9.Use the Send slider to adjust the amount of effect as 
    usual.
    The signal will be sent to the track on computer 2 and pro-
    cessed through its insert effect, without using any proces-
    sor power on computer 1.
    You can repeat the steps above to add more effects to the 
    “virtual effect rack”. The number of effects available this way 
    is only limited by the number of ports used in the VST Sys
    -
    tem Link connection (and of course by the performance of 
    computer 2, but given that it will not have to handle any re
    -
    cording or playback, you should be able to use quite a lot of 
    effects).
    Getting extra audio tracks
    All computers on a VST System Link network are locked 
    with sample-accuracy. Therefore, if you find that the hard 
    drive on one computer is not fast enough to run as many 
    audio tracks as you need, you can record new tracks on 
    one of the other computers instead. This would create a 
    “virtual RAID system”, with several disks all operating to
    -
    gether. All tracks will remain locked together just as tightly 
    as if they were all running on the same machine. This 
    means that you effectively have an unlimited track count! 
    Need another 100 tracks? Just add another computer.
    Dedicated Video Playback
    Playback of high-resolution video can be taxing on a sys-
    tem’s CPU. By dedicating one computer for video play-
    back via System Link, you can free up resources on your 
    main CPU for audio and MIDI processing. Since all trans
    -
    port commands will respond on the VST System Link 
    computers, scrubbing video is possible even when it is 
    coming from another computer. Spotting sound effects to 
    picture in Edit Mode will work the same way as it does on 
    one computer. This is a viable and economic alternative to 
    dedicated hard disk video systems like the Doremi V1. 
    						
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