Steinberg Nuendo 5 Manual

							481
Export Audio Mixdown
Advanced tab
•Dynamic Range Control
These controls allow you to define the dynamic range of 
the encoded file. The dynamic range is the difference in 
dB between the average loudness and the peak audio 
level (the loudest sounds) of the audio. These settings af
-
fect how the audio is reproduced if the file is played on a 
Windows computer with a player from the Windows Me
-
dia series, and the “Quiet Mode” feature of the player is 
activated to control the dynamic range.
The dynamic range is automatically calculated during the 
encoding process, but you can specify it manually as well.
To manually specify the dynamic range, first put a check-
mark in the box to the left by clicking in it, and then enter 
the desired dB values in the Peak and Average fields. You 
can enter any value between 0 and -90
 dB. Note, how-
ever, that it is usually not recommended to change the Av-
erage value, since this affects the overall volume level of 
the audio and therefore can have a negative effect on the 
audio quality.
The Quiet Mode in a Windows Media player can be set to 
one of three settings. Below, these settings are listed to
-
gether with an explanation of how the Dynamic Range set-
tings affect them:
• Off: If Quiet Mode is off, the dynamic range settings that were 
automatically calculated during the encoding will be used.
• Little Difference: If this is selected and you have not manually 
changed the dynamic range settings, the peak level will be 
limited to 6
 dB above the average level during playback. If you 
have manually specified the dynamic range, the peak level will 
be limited to the mean value between the peak and average 
values you specified.
• Medium Difference: If this is selected and you have not manu-
ally changed the dynamic range settings, the peak level will be 
limited to 12
 dB above the average level. If you have changed 
the dynamic range, the peak level will be limited to the peak 
value you specified.
•Surround Reduction Coefficients
Here you can specify which amount of volume reduction, if 
any, is applied to the different channels in a surround en
-
coding. These settings affect how the audio is reproduced 
on a system incapable of playing back the file in surround, in 
which case the surround channels of the file will be com
-
bined into two channels and played back in stereo instead.
The default values should produce satisfactory results, but 
you can change the values manually if you wish. You can 
enter any value between 0 and -144
 dB for the surround 
channels, the center channel, the left and right channels 
and the LFE channel, respectively.
Media tab
In these fields you can enter a number of text strings with 
information about the file – title, author, copyright informa
-
tion and a description of its contents. This information will 
then be embedded in the file header and can be displayed 
by some Windows Media Audio playback applications.
ÖFor more information about surround sound and en-
coding, see the chapter “Surround sound” on page 226. 
						

							37
Networking 
						

							483
Networking
Introduction
This chapter describes how you can use Nuendo’s net-
working technology to collaborate with other users of Nu-
endo in a peer-to-peer network.
The “owner” of a project can share it with any number of 
users via LAN (Local Area Network) connections and/or 
WAN (Wide Area Network) connections via standard net
-
work protocols.
This allows several separate users to work on a project 
simultaneously and coordinate their efforts, as well as 
exchange ideas and suggestions.
Using Nuendo to collaborate in a network requires that:
• All users have the same version of Nuendo.
• All computers are either connected via LAN or via the Internet 
through IP addresses.
What can I use the Networking 
functions for?
The networking technology in Nuendo allows collabora-
tion with, and exchange of, MIDI, video, and audio data – 
i.
 e. it is possible to exchange and edit MIDI, video, and au-
dio. Marker tracks and instrument tracks are also included 
in a shared project. As of this writing, it is not possible to 
exchange any Mixer settings.
Even though the networking technology allows for collab-
oration via WAN connections over the Internet, it is prima-
rily designed for use in a LAN workgroup. It can also be 
used for collaboration over the Internet (see below).
Sound Designer II and Networking
Networking protocol and ports
In addition to TCP/IP, the Nuendo networking technology 
uses the standard network protocol UDP (User Datagram 
Protocol - primarily used to broadcast messages over a 
network).
Since the technology uses the standard protocols and 
calls of the operating system, no special hardware or driv
-
ers are required to use it, aside from a working NIC card.
Nuendo uses three ports in your system for establishing 
communication, broadcasting messages and transferring 
data between users: UDP port 6990, TCP port 6991 and 
TCP port 6992. These ports need to be open for network 
communication to be possible.
Considerations for Internet use
As previously mentioned, the Nuendo networking func-
tions are designed mainly for use in local area networks, 
but it is also possible to use them over the Internet.
In this case, there are a few things to keep in mind and 
some system settings you may need to make:
•If a network is to be created with any users connected 
via the Internet, all users need to know the respective IP 
addresses of the other computers in the network, and use 
these to establish the connection.
See “Setting up WAN connections” on page 485 for details about how 
to use the IP address of a computer to establish network communication 
with it in Nuendo.
•There may also be issues that need to be resolved re-
garding firewalls and/or computers connected to the In-
ternet via private subnets.
If your computer is behind a firewall
In a LAN, Nuendo uses the UDP port 6990 to establish 
communication with the other computers. Over the Inter
-
net however, Nuendo does not use this port. Instead, con-
nection and communication is established and handled via 
TCP/IP messages sent to the TCP ports 6991 and 6992.
This means that the TCP ports 6991 and 6992 must be 
open on all computers. Firewalls may block messages to 
these ports, thus making connection impossible. Consult 
the documentation for your firewall (or operating system) 
for information about how to open ports – or contact your 
network administrator.
!Please note that using Sound Designer II (SD2) files 
in projects shared over a network may lead to unpre
-
dictable results, and is not recommended. 
						

							484
Networking
If your computer is in a subnet that uses NAT
If your computer resides in a subnet that uses NAT (Net-
work Address Translation), all computers in the subnet 
share the same external IP address, while the individual 
computers in the subnet have internal IP addresses.
In this case, you must set up a port mapping from the ex-
ternal ports 6991 and 6992 to your internal ports 6991 
and 6992 - i.
 e. the actual ports on your computer, as op-
posed to the ports of the subnet.
If computers are in different NAT subnets
If you want to collaborate with users whose computers re-
side in different subnets that use NAT (see above), it might 
be a good solution to set up a VPN (Virtual Private Net
-
work). A VPN allows secure communication between net-
works, using the Internet for transferring data.
It is beyond the scope of this document to go into any de-
tails on how to set up a VPN, but make sure that your VPN 
will act as a single network and that the ports 6991, 6992, 
and, if possible, 6990 are open.
The network dialogs
The following sections give you a short overview of the 
network dialogs and their use:
Project Sharing and Permissions
Open this dialog, if you want to specify the user permis-
sions for the active project before sharing it, either on a 
project basis, a track basis or both.
Shared Projects
Open this dialog, if you want a list of all identified users 
and shared projects in the network. This allows you to 
share your own projects as well as join projects shared by 
other users. Furthermore, the dialog offers the possibility 
of connecting to WAN (Wide Area Network) users.
User Manager
Open this dialog, if you want to set up lists of users, define 
their read and write permissions and save the settings as 
a permission preset. The presets can then be loaded in 
the “Project Sharing and Permissions” dialog, letting you 
share a project with the settings of the permission preset.
Selecting a user name
When your computer meets the criteria for communicating 
with other computers (see above), this is how you quickly 
go about establishing network communication and share a 
project with others:
1.Launch Nuendo.
2.Activate the network by opening the Network menu 
and activating the “Active” option.
This establishes network communication and introduces your computer 
to any computers already present in the network. Your computer now 
needs to have a unique ID for identification (see below).
3.A dialog opens where you can enter a unique user 
name to identify your computer in the network.
This is the name that will be displayed in all the network dialogs to iden-
tify you to the other users in a network.
4.Click Yes to enter your user name.
A dialog opens where you can enter your user name.
•If you do not enter a user name at this point, the network 
will not be activated.
!Each user in a network must specify a user name, or 
network name, in order to be identified in the network. 
You can also change the name later (see 
“Selecting a 
user name – alternative method” on page 485). 
						

							485
Networking
5.Click in the text field, type in a name of your choice 
and click OK.
If the network has already been created, the original creator – or admin-
istrator – may have already decided on user names for all participants. If 
so, ask the administrator for yours and enter it. For more information 
about selecting user names for other participants, see 
“Creating a per-
mission preset” on page 487.
ÖIf a name you enter is already in use on another com-
puter in the network, you will be prompted to select an-
other name.
When you have entered a user name, you can load or cre-
ate a project that you want to share with the other users.
6.Click the “Share Project” option in the toolbar, or open 
the “Project Sharing and Permissions” dialog from the 
Network menu and activate the “Share Project” option.
The project is now shared and all other users have full access to it. See “Sharing projects” on page 487 for more details about sharing projects 
and what you can do in this dialog.
Selecting a user name – alternative method
If you did not specify a user name or if you need to change 
it, proceed as follows:
1.Open either the User Manager dialog or the Shared 
Projects dialog from the Network menu.
In the top left corner of both dialogs you will find the Network Name text 
field.
Entering a network name in the User Manager dialog and in the Shared 
Projects dialog.
2.Click in the text field, type in a name of your choice 
and press [Return].
This is the name that will be displayed in all the network dialogs to iden-
tify you to the other users in a network.
Once you have entered a user name and this has been es-
tablished in the network, it should not be changed unless 
absolutely necessary! To use an analogy, this is similar to 
registering for an Internet service or discussion forum – 
once you have registered under a specific name, you can
-
not log in under another name, unless you create a new 
account.
Setting up a network
The following is a description of how to set up a network 
with both LAN and WAN connections.
• For LAN connections, all computers must be part of the same 
network and communicate properly.
• For WAN connections, all computers must have a working In-
ternet connection and a public IP address.
If your intended network meets these criteria, proceed as 
follows.
Setting up LAN connections
If you want to connect to other users via a LAN, you only 
have to make sure that all computers actually use the 
same LAN, that they are communicating properly via the 
TCP/IP protocol, and that you have activated the network 
by checking the “Active” item on the Network menu. If the 
computers are unable to communicate, contact your net
-
work administrator, or consult the network documentation 
for your operating system.
Setting up WAN connections
If you want to connect to other users over the Internet, you 
have to open a WAN connection to each. This requires 
that all users have a working Internet connection and a 
public IP address (see 
“Considerations for Internet use” 
on page 483).
WAN connections are set up in the Shared Projects dia-
log in the following way:
1.Make sure the “Active” item on the Network menu is 
checked.
This initiates network communication with the other participants.
2.Open the Shared Projects dialog from the Network 
menu.
!The following user names “Guest”, “Administrator”, 
“Admin” and “Anonymous” are reserved and cannot 
be used. 
						

							486
Networking
3.Click the “Add WAN Connection” button in the toolbar.
A dialog opens, requesting the Domain Name or the IP address of the 
computer you want to connect to. 
The “Add WAN Connection” button
4.Type in the IP address/Domain Name of the computer 
you want to connect to and click OK.
An item called “Global IP Network” now appears in the dialog. This lists 
either the IP address of the computer to which you have connected, or 
the domain name of its Internet service provider.
5.Repeat this procedure for every user you want to con-
nect to over the Internet.
ÖIf a computer is dynamically allocated an IP address by 
its Internet service provider – as opposed to having a per
-
manent IP address – you will have to repeat the above pro-
cedure each time the computer receives a new IP address!
•You can remove a WAN connection by selecting it and 
clicking the “Remove WAN Connection” button.
The “Remove WAN Connection” button
•You can remove the entire “Global IP Network” item by 
selecting it and pressing [Delete] or [Backspace].
This will also remove any existing WAN connections.
Should you be unable to establish a WAN connection, first 
verify that you entered the IP address correctly. Connection 
problems may also occur for the following reasons:
•Your computer and/or the computer you’re trying to 
connect to is protected by a firewall.
•Your computer and/or the computer you’re trying to 
connect to does not have the necessary ports open.
For information about communication via the Internet, see 
“Considerations for Internet use” on page 483.
Updating the network information
If all users in a network are online and have entered user 
names (see 
“Selecting a user name” on page 484), you 
can do the following to update the network information in 
Nuendo:
•Open the Shared Projects dialog and click the “Rescan 
Network” button to update the network information.
At this point, the following will happen:
• The item “Users in Local Network” is updated to display a list 
of all the online users connected via LAN, along with their user 
names.
• The item “Global IP Network” is updated to display a list of all 
the online users connected via WAN, along with their user 
names.
If the user list is not updated as it should, this is probably 
because the computers in the network are not communi
-
cating properly.
ÖInformation about users that are offline will not be up-
dated.
Verify Communication
Whenever project information needs to be updated over 
the network, Nuendo will first check if the connection with 
all project participants is still working. This check is per
-
formed in the background with a preset timeout period.
When participants do not respond within this timeout pe-
riod, a “Commit Failed” message is displayed. At this 
stage, no further action is performed, as the problem 
might be temporary (e.
 g. Laptop unplugged). If the prob-
lem persists, however, you can call the “Verify Communi-
cation” function via the Network menu. 
						

							487
Networking
When this function is called, a dialog shows the progress 
of the checking process. 
•When all project participants are found, a dialog lists all 
project participants and their response times (i.
 e. the time it 
took for their computers to respond to the check). If the re
-
sponse times were longer than the standard timeout, or if a 
participant was not found who you know is in fact online 
and waiting for network information, you may want to click 
on “Adjust timer”. This will change the timeout threshold in 
Nuendo to a longer setting, allowing for participants with 
slower response times to be found.
•If project participants are not found because they are 
offline, a dialog will be shown allowing you to remove 
these users from the workgroup.
Transfer Status
Transfer of network data always is performed in the back-
ground. If you want to check on the progress of your trans-
fer processes, you can open the Transfer Status window by 
pulling down the Network menu and selecting “Transfer 
Status…”.
As you upload or download project data, the Transfer Sta-
tus window displays progress bars for every track in the 
project. The Transfer Status window features Cancel but
-
tons for each of the transfer operations. Use these to stop 
any transfer operation.
Sharing projects
When you want to share a project with others, you first 
decide which users you want to have access to the 
project, and then specify their read and write permissions.
To set up a list of users and their read and write permis-
sions choose one of the following methods:
•Create a permission preset containing all the settings.
Storing permission presets is practical since they let you apply the same 
list of users and their permissions to future projects.
•Set up users and their permissions manually for each 
project.
This method also allows you to specify permissions for separate tracks in 
a project, as opposed to the entire project.
•Load the default permissions to let all the participants in 
a network have access to a project.
See “About the Default Permissions preset and the Guest user” on page 
488 for more information.
We will first describe all of these methods here, and then 
proceed to describe how you go about sharing a project.
Creating a permission preset
In the User Manager dialog, read and write permission 
settings for users can be stored in permission presets. 
These can then be applied to other projects, i.
 e. the users 
will automatically get read and write permissions accord
-
ing to the settings stored in the permission preset.
•Read permission allows users to view and play back 
shared projects or tracks but not make any changes to 
them.
•Write permission allows users to make any changes to 
shared projects or tracks.
It is not possible to have write permission without also having read per-
mission.
Proceed as follows to create a permission preset:
1.From the Network menu open the User Manager dialog.
This is described in detail in the section “User Manager” on page 484.
2.Below the “Permission Presets” column click the plus 
sign.
A dialog for the naming of the new permission preset opens. 
						

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Networking
3.Type in the desired name and click OK.
The permission preset is created and added to the list.
The “User Pool” column to the right lists all the users who 
have entered a user name, and who have been online and 
established in the network at some point (note that users 
do not have to be online to be listed here).
However, there may also be instances when you want to 
add a user who is offline and has not been established in 
the network. If this is the case, the user is not available in 
the User Pool list, but you can still add him to a permission 
preset in the following way:
4.Below the “User Pool” column click the plus sign.
A user with a generic name – “User #” – is added to the list.
5.Type in the desired name.
The user you’re adding may have decided on a user name and entered it, 
as described in 
“Selecting a user name – alternative method” on page 485, but has been offline and therefore not yet established in the network. 
In this case, you can enter that name if you know it. Otherwise, enter a 
name of your own choice and later let the user know which name to use.
The next step is to add users to the permission preset.
6.Make sure the preset is selected in the “Permission 
Presets” column.
7.In the “User Pool” column, select the user(s) you want 
to add to the permission preset.
To select several users, hold down [Shift] or [Ctrl]/[Command] and click 
on the user names.
8.When you have selected the user(s) you want to add, 
click the Arrow symbol to the left of the “User Pool” column.
The users you selected will now be added to the “User” column in the 
middle of the dialog.
The next thing to do is to define the read and write permis-
sions for the added users. In the Read and Write columns, 
the read and write permissions for each user can be spec
-
ified. By default each added user has both read and write 
permission.
9.If you do not want a user to have read or write permis-
sion, click the corresponding column to deactivate the 
permissions.
ÖHaving write permission automatically means to also 
have read permission.
When you have added the desired users and specified 
their read and write permissions, the preset is complete. 
The permission preset will now be available for use, see 
also 
“Loading a permission preset” on page 490.
Permission presets apply to entire projects – i. e. when a 
permission preset is loaded, the read and write permission 
settings in it are valid for the entire project. However, you 
can also specify separate permissions for each track, see 
“Setting up permissions for separate tracks” on page 489.
ÖIt is also possible to create a permission preset in the 
Project Sharing and Permissions dialog, see 
“Saving the 
settings as a permission preset” on page 489.
Removing permission presets and users
Below each column to the right is a Remove button (the 
trash icon). You can remove one or several permission 
preset(s) or user(s) (including the “Guest” user – see be
-
low) from the respective columns by selecting them and 
clicking this icon.
About the Default Permissions preset and the Guest user
The “Default Permissions” preset cannot be removed. You 
can use it either as is, or you can modify it as you wish by 
adding and removing users. By default, it contains one 
user – “Guest” – with both read and write permission.
•If “Guest” is added to a permission preset, anyone in the 
network can utilize the Guest permissions.
Therefore, if you share a project that has Guest as a user, anyone in the 
network can join it with the corresponding permissions.
ÖIf you want to share a project with everyone in a net-
work and let everyone have both read and write permis-
sion for the entire project, the easiest and quickest way to 
do this is to use the Default Permissions preset as is. 
						

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Networking
Setting up users and permissions manually
Instead of creating a permission preset in the User Manager 
dialog, you can use the “Project Sharing and Permissions” 
dialog to manually set up which users should be allowed to 
share a project, and what read and write permissions they 
should have.
ÖIt is not possible to add users who have not yet been 
established in the network (see 
“Creating a permission 
preset” on page 487). If this is what you want, use the 
“User Manager” dialog.
Proceed as follows:
1.Open the “Project Sharing and Permissions” dialog 
from the Network menu.
2.In the “All Users” column to the right, select the 
user(s) you want to share the project with.
All users in the network that have entered user names and are estab-lished in the network are listed, along with the default “Guest” user. To 
select several users, hold down [Shift] or [Ctrl]/[Command] and click on 
the user names.
3.Click the Add User to Permission List button above 
the column (the left button).
The selected users are added to the “User Name” column above the “All 
Users” column.
•To remove a user, select the user name in the “User 
Name” column and click the Delete User button below the 
column (the right button).
The user is removed from the “User Name” column. You can remove sev-
eral users at once. You should remove the “Guest” user if you do not 
want everyone in the network to have full access to the project.
4.In the “Project & Tracks” column, make sure the top 
item (the project name) is selected.
This way, the settings you make affect the entire project, rather than se-
parate tracks.
5.Define the project read and write permissions for the 
added users, by checking and unchecking the Read and 
Write permission columns (“r”, “w”) as desired.
Note that having write permission automatically means also having read 
permission.
These settings are valid for the entire project. If you want 
to specify read and write permissions separately for each 
track, see 
“Setting up permissions for separate tracks” on 
page 489.
Saving the settings as a permission preset
If you have manually added users and set up their read 
and write permissions for the project in the “Project Shar
-
ing and Permissions” dialog, you can create a permission 
preset based on the settings you have made:
1.Click the plus sign to the left of the “Permission Pre-
sets” menu in the bottom right corner.
A dialog opens, allowing you to enter a name for the permission preset.
2.Type in the desired name and click OK.
The permission preset is saved and added to the menu. 
You can now also access this preset in the “User Manager” 
dialog, as described in the section 
“Creating a permission 
preset” on page 487.
Setting up permissions for separate tracks
The “Project Sharing and Permissions” dialog also offers 
the possibility of specifying read and write permissions 
separately for each track in the project.
Proceed as follows:
1.In the “Projects & Tracks” column, select the track(s) 
for which you want to make separate settings.
As you can see, the right part of the dialog now only contains a checkbox 
and the text “Override Project Permissions”.
2.Activate the “Override Project Permissions” option.
3.Add users and specify their read and write permis-
sions for the track(s) as described in the section “Setting 
up users and permissions manually” on page 489.
4.When you are done, select the top item (the project 
name) in the “Project & Tracks” column again.
Permission settings for separate tracks are not saved in a 
permission preset, but you can first load a preset with the 
project permissions (see 
“Loading a permission preset” on 
page 490) and then make settings for separate tracks. 
						

							490
Networking
•To make separate track permissions in the project In-
spector, select a track in the track list, open the Network 
section in the Inspector and click the “Override Project 
Permissions” button (the key symbol).
This makes it possible to make read and write permission settings for the 
track directly in the Inspector.
Loading a permission preset
To load a permission preset for the active project, proceed 
as follows:
1.Open the “Project Sharing and Permissions” dialog 
from the Network menu.
2.In the bottom right corner of the dialog, click in the 
Permission Presets text box to open a pop-up menu.
The menu lists all available permission presets.
3.From the menu, select the permission preset you wish 
to use.
The users defined in the permission preset are now listed in the User 
Name column, and their read and write permissions are displayed.
You can now either use the settings of the loaded permis-
sion preset as they are for the shared project, or you can 
make manual adjustments on a project or track basis (see 
“Setting up users and permissions manually” on page 489).
Sharing a project
Once you have set up all the users and their permissions 
– i.
 e. loaded a permission preset and/or manually added 
users and specified their permissions for this particular 
project – you can share the project.
Using the “Project Sharing and Permissions” dialog
1.If it is not already active, activate the network by 
checking the “Active” option on the Network menu.
2.Open the “Project Sharing and Permissions” dialog 
from the Network menu.
3.Activate the “Share Project” option.
The project is now shared and available to the users you have specified.
•To revoke sharing of the project, deactivate the “Share 
Project” option.
You can at any time make changes in this dialog, i. e. add 
or remove users and change permissions, and then up
-
date the shared project accordingly for all users by making 
the desired changes and clicking the “Commit” button.
Quick Sharing
If you just want to share a project with full read and write 
access for every user in the network without loading any 
permission preset or manually setting up users, the easi
-
est way to do this is to click the “Share Project” button on 
the Project window toolbar (or activating “Share Project” 
in the “Project Sharing and Permissions” dialog). 
This is provided you have not made any changes to the 
“Default Permissions” preset. The reason is that the de
-
fault permissions (with only the user “Guest”) grant all us-
ers full access (see “About the Default Permissions preset 
and the Guest user” on page 488).