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Ford F650 Owners Manual

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    							9. Start your vehicle.
    Perform Steps 4 through 8 in reverse order,
    making sure to engage the hinge pivots
    between the upper and lower halves of the
    shroud. Keep slight pressure in the forward
    direction as you rotate the halves together.
    If Your Vehicle Gets Stuck In Mud
    or Snow
    Note:
    Do not rock your vehicle if the engine
    is not at normal operating temperature or
    damage to the transmission may occur.
    Note: Do not rock your vehicle for more
    than a minute or damage to the
    transmission and tires may occur, or the
    engine may overheat.
    If your vehicle is stuck in mud or snow, you
    may rock it out by shifting between forward
    and reverse gears, stopping between shifts
    in a steady pattern. Press lightly on the
    accelerator in each gear.
    POWER TAKE-OFF
    Auxiliary equipment called power take-off,
    or PTO, is often added to the engine or
    transmission to operate utility equipment.
    Examples include a wheel-lift for tow
    trucks, cranes, tools for construction or tire
    service and pumping fluids. PTO
    applications draw auxiliary horsepower
    from the powertrain, often while the vehicle is stationary or mobile. In the
    stationary condition, there is limited
    cooling air flow through the radiator and
    around the vehicle that normally occurs
    when a vehicle is moving. The aftermarket
    PTO system installer, having the most
    knowledge of the final application, is
    responsible for determining whether
    additional chassis heat protection or
    powertrain cooling is required and alerting
    the user to the safe and proper operation.
    Your vehicle is approved for use as a
    Stationary Mode, SplitShaft Mode or
    Mobile Mode power source within the limits
    and operating guidelines detailed in the
    Ford Truck Body Builders Layout Book,
    found at
    www.fleet.ford.com/truckbbas.com and
    through the Ford Truck Body Builders
    Advisory Service. The transmission power
    source modes are engine specific.
    118
    F650750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 201708, First Printing TransmissionE163186  
    						
    							GENERAL INFORMATION
    WARNING
    Exceeding these ratings by
    overloading can cause component
    failure resulting in property damage,
    personal injury or death. Fluid Temperature
    If the operating temperature exceeds
    250°F (121°C), the rate of axle lubrication
    oxidation increases and shortens the life
    of the lubricant and seals, requiring axle
    lubrication changes to become more
    frequent to preserve the axle. Do not
    consistently run extreme pressure (EP)
    lubricants above 
    250°F (121°C).
    Axle Conversions WARNING
    When operating a loaded vehicle, the
    driver must keep all adjustable axles
    on the ground at all times, supporting
    their share of the vehicle ’s load. Failure to
    do so can overload other axles, tires,
    wheels, springs, steering components,
    brakes and frames, resulting in early
    component failure, loss of vehicle control,
    possible property damage and personal
    injury. We do not recommend, or approve,
    performing axle conversions. However, we
    understand that, on occasion, others install
    aftermarket add-on axles on the truck
    chassis that allow operator control for
    weight transfer from other axles (such as
    air lift axles). LIMITED SLIP DIFFERENTIAL
    (If Equipped) WARNING
    If both wheels are not raised off the
    ground, the one wheel that is not
    raised may pull the vehicle off its
    support, possibly resulting in personal
    injury. This axle provides added traction on
    slippery surfaces, particularly when one
    wheel is on a poor traction surface. Under
    normal conditions, the limited-slip axle
    functions like a standard rear axle. The axle
    may exhibit a slight noise or vibration
    during tight turns with low vehicle speed.
    This is normal behavior and indicates the
    axle is working.
    Both wheels must be raised off the ground
    should it be necessary to operate one
    wheel with your vehicle stationary.
    ELECTRONIC LOCKING
    DIFFERENTIAL
     (If Equipped)
    Driver-Controlled Locking
    Differential
    Note: Never use the differential lock at
    vehicle speeds above 
    25 mph (40 km/h).
    Some drive axles have a driver-controlled
    differential lock. The differential lock can
    lock or unlock the differential when your
    vehicle is moving or stopped. When extra
    traction is required, the differential lock
    provides full power to both wheels.
    When you lock the differential, your
    vehicle ’s turning radius increases
    (under-steer).
    Take care to avoid sudden accelerations
    when both drive wheels are on a slippery
    surface.
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    F650750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 201708, First Printing Rear Axle 
    						
    							WARNING
    Sudden accelerations on slippery
    surfaces could cause the wheels to
    spin, the vehicle to turn sideways on
    a crowned road surface or in a turn,
    possibly resulting in loss of vehicle control
    and personal injury. Activating the Locking Differential
    You can lock and unlock the differential
    when your vehicle is moving at a constant
    speed of less than 25 mph (40 km/h) and
    while the wheels are not slipping. Do not
    lock the differential when your vehicle is
    traveling down steep grades and when
    traction is minimal.
    The differential lock and differential lock
    light automatically disengage at speeds
    above 25 mph (40 km/h). The differential
    lock remains off until either you restart your
    vehicle or you turn the differential lock
    switch off then back on.
    Servicing a Vehicle with a Locking
    Differential
    Turn the engine off and raise all drive
    wheels of the locker differential axle in
    order to prevent your vehicle from moving
    when servicing the wheels, tires or brakes.
    Axles equipped with a driver-controlled
    differential deliver power to both wheels
    even when only one wheel is on the ground. WARNING
    Failure to raise all drive wheels with
    this type of differential could cause
    the vehicle to move unexpectedly,
    resulting in property damage, personal
    injury or death. 2-SPEED REAR AXLE
     (If Equipped)
    WARNING
    Never shift a two-speed axle when
    descending a steep grade as this
    may cause loss of vehicle control and
    result in personal injury. Note:
    Do not shift between ranges when
    the speed control is on.
    A two-speed rear axle allows the driver to
    select a low range for greater pulling power
    and a high range for greater road speed
    and fuel economy. You can also use these
    ranges to provide extra steps between
    transmission shifts when driving on steep
    grades or fuel economy may be factors.
    Axle Shifting Note:
    Do not shift the axle to LOW when
    your vehicle is moving. Use LOW when you
    drive a fully loaded vehicle on a severe grade
    or in congested traffic. Use HIGH for all
    normal driving conditions with a lightly
    loaded or partially loaded vehicle.
    Note: The axle is set to HIGH by default.
    To shift the axle between HIGH and LOW
    with the vehicle stopped, place the
    transmission in position N, then press and
    hold the button for two seconds.
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    							GENERAL INFORMATION
    WARNINGS
    Do not drive with your foot resting on
    the brake pedal. This results in
    abnormally high brake temperatures,
    excessive lining wear and increased
    stopping distance. Continuous application of the brakes
    causes the brakes to overheat,
    resulting in temporary loss of braking.
    Note:
    Occasional brake noise is normal. If
    a metal-to-metal, continuous grinding or
    continuous squeal sound is present, the
    brake linings may be worn-out. Have the
    system checked by an authorized dealer. If
    your vehicle has continuous vibration or
    shudder in the steering wheel while braking,
    have it checked by an authorized dealer.
    All standard equipment brakes are
    self-adjusting. Automatic adjustment,
    when required, occurs whenever you apply
    and release the brakes during forward or
    reverse operation.
    Know the required stopping distances for
    all driving conditions you may encounter.
    For longer brake lining life, take full
    advantage of engine braking power when
    coming to a stop. See Warning Lamps and
    Indicators (page 60).
    Wet brakes result in reduced braking
    efficiency. Gently press the brake pedal a
    few times when driving from a car wash or
    standing water to dry the brakes.
    If brakes do not grip well:
    • Check brake adjustment.
    • Check brake linings for excessive wear.
    • Check system air pressure on vehicle
    equipped with air brakes. •
    Let the brakes cool if you have been
    using them excessively, as in mountain
    driving or after several fast, high-speed
    stops.
    • If you have been driving through deep
    water, gently apply the brakes several
    times while your vehicle is moving
    slowly.
    Brake Over Accelerator
    In the event the accelerator pedal
    becomes stuck or entrapped, apply steady
    and firm pressure to the brake pedal to
    slow the vehicle and reduce engine power.
    If you experience this condition, apply the
    brakes and bring your vehicle to a safe
    stop. Move the transmission to park (P),
    switch the engine off and apply the parking
    brake. Inspect the accelerator pedal for
    any interference. If none are found and the
    condition persists, have your vehicle towed
    to the nearest authorized dealer
    Anti-lock Brake System
    This system helps you maintain steering
    control during emergency stops by keeping
    the brakes from locking. This lamp momentarily
    illuminates when you turn the
    ignition on. If the light does not
    illuminate during start up, remains on or
    flashes, the system may be disabled. Have
    the system checked by an authorized
    dealer. If the system is disabled, normal
    braking is still effective. If the
    brake warning lamp illuminates
    when you release the parking brake, have
    the system checked by an authorized
    dealer.
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    							If you connect a PLC trailer with
    the ignition on, the trailer ABS
    light also illuminates. If the light
    fails to illuminate, if it remains on after you
    start the vehicle or continues to flash, have
    the system serviced immediately.
    HINTS ON DRIVING WITH
    ANTI-LOCK BRAKES
    The anti-lock braking system does not
    eliminate the risks when:
    • You drive too closely to the vehicle in
    front of you.
    • Your vehicle is hydroplaning.
    • You take corners too fast.
    • The road surface is poor.
    Note:  If the system activates, the brake
    pedal may pulse and may travel further.
    Maintain pressure on the brake pedal.  You
    may also hear a noise from the system.  This
    is normal.
    PARKING BRAKE
    Hydraulic Brakes (If Equipped) WARNINGS
    Always set the parking brake and
    leave your vehicle with the
    transmission in park (P).
    This control is for parking only. Do
    not leave the vehicle unattended
    after setting the parking brake
    without placing the transmission in park
    (P). We recommend using wheel chocks
    for hilly or off-road circumstances. Unexpected and possibly sudden
    vehicle movement may occur if you
    do not take these precautions. WARNINGS
    If the parking brake is fully released,
    but the brake warning lamp remains
    illuminated, the brakes may not be
    working properly. Have your vehicle
    checked as soon as possible. Apply the parking brake whenever the
    vehicle is parked. To set the parking brake,
    pull the handle up until it snaps into the
    locked position.
    When the parking brake is out of
    adjustment, seek service immediately.
    The parking brake warning lamp
    in the instrument cluster
    illuminates, and remains
    illuminated (when you switch on the
    ignition), until you release the parking
    brake. Push the palm release lever (A) on the
    parking brake handle (B) and push down
    as far as possible to release the brake.
    Driving with the parking brake on causes
    the brakes to wear out quickly and reduces
    fuel economy.
    We recommend you not use the parking
    brake to stop a moving vehicle. However,
    if the normal brakes fail, you can use the
    parking brake to stop your vehicle in an
    emergency. Since the parking brake only
    applies retardation to the rear wheels, the
    vehicle's stopping distance increases
    greatly and the handling of your vehicle is
    adversely affected.
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    							Releasing Spring Manually
    WARNINGS
    Do not attempt to disassemble the
    parking brake air chamber under any
    circumstances as this may cause
    serious injury. Block the wheels to help prevent the
    vehicle from moving.
    Unexpected and possibly sudden
    vehicle movement may occur if you
    do not take these precautions.
    If you release hydraulic pressure from the
    spring brake chamber, the power spring
    applies the brake. If the hydraulic pressure
    can be re-established, you must release
    the spring brake in order to move your
    vehicle.
    Air Brakes (If Equipped)
    WARNING
    This control is for parking only. Do
    not leave the vehicle unattended
    after setting the parking brake
    without placing the transmission in park
    (P). We recommend using wheel chocks
    for hilly or off-road circumstances. If the service brakes fail to operate while
    your vehicle is moving, you can make an
    emergency stop with the parking brake.
    Since the parking brake only applies
    stopping power to the rear wheels, your
    vehicle
    ’s stopping distance greatly
    increases and the handling of your vehicle
    is adversely affected. Make repairs
    immediately to an inoperative air brake
    system circuit. Pull the yellow, dash-mounted parking
    brake knob to apply the parking brake.
    The parking brake light
    illuminates and remains
    illuminated (when you switch
    the ignition to the on position) until you
    release the parking brake.
    Releasing the Parking Brake WARNING
    When your vehicle is stationary, keep
    the brake pedal fully pressed when
    shifting gears. Failure to follow this
    instruction could result in personal injury,
    death or property damage. Note:
    Read and understand the following
    steps and perform them whenever you
    prepare to drive the vehicle.
    Note: The parking brake does not disengage
    unless sufficient system air pressure is
    available.
    1. Press and hold the service brake pedal
    while the engine is running.
    2. Select the appropriate drive gear.
    3. Push and hold the yellow dash-mounted parking brake knob until
    the parking brake light turns off, then
    release.
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    							Parking Brake Light Illumination Due
    to Low Air Pressure
    If the air pressure becomes too low at any
    time during vehicle operation, the parking
    brake may apply and the parking brake
    light turns on.
    If the parking brake applies due to low air
    pressure, immediate service is required to
    the parking brake system.
    Releasing Spring Brake with Air
    Pressure
    The air system in all vehicles with
    spring-actuated rear wheel parking brakes
    has a valve on the governor for connection
    to an outside air supply. The valve lets you
    recharge the system with air from an
    outside source, releasing the
    spring-actuated parking brakes. Your
    vehicle is now ready to tow in an
    emergency.
    You can only use an outside air source if
    the protected system is in operating
    condition. If you cannot restore air pressure
    in the protected air system, you must
    release the spring-actuated brakes
    manually.
    Releasing Spring Manually
    Do not use impact wrenches as they may
    damage the piston and prevent proper
    caging of the spring. Do not apply more
    than 50 lb.ft (68 Nm) to the release bolt
    nut.
    1. Remove the stud tool and nut from the
    carrying pocket on the brake chamber
    assembly. 2. Remove the access plug from the end
    of the spring chamber.
    3. Insert the release stud through the opening in the chamber and into the
    spring pressure plate. 4.
    Turn the release stud ¼ turn to engage
    the stud tangs with the slot in the
    pressure plate. Keep the stud engaged
    and install the nut on the release stud.
    5. Tighten the nut until the spring is fully caged and brakes released. Do not
    loosen or remove the release stud and
    nut unless you completely assemble
    and securely clamp the brake chamber.
    6. After restoring the air pressure, unscrew and remove the release stud
    and install in the carrying pocket. Install
    the access plug.
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    							AIR BRAKES (If Equipped)
    WARNINGS
    Do not drive or continue to drive if the
    low air pressure buzzer is sounding
    or the brake warning light is lit. These
    warnings indicate that air pressure is not
    to normal operating level. Continued use
    of the vehicle could result in loss of braking
    ability. Avoid repeated light application of
    the brake pedal. This depletes air
    pressure faster and could result in
    loss of braking capability. Do not move the vehicle when the
    air pressure is insufficient because
    the brake system may be inoperative.
    After starting the engine, give the air
    compressor time to build up the air
    pressure to 
    60 psi (414 kPa) before moving
    your vehicle. Periodically check the air pressure gauge
    while driving. Pressure should range
    between approximately 100 psi (690 kPa)
    to 
    130 psi (896 kPa). The air compressor
    governor cut-in and cutout pressure
    settings are set at the factory and are not
    adjustable. When air pressure is insufficient
    (below 
    60 psi (414 kPa)), a
    warning light illuminates and a
    buzzer sounds when the ignition is in the
    on position. This may happen because
    excessive brake applications are depleting
    the system air pressure. If this condition
    occurs, stop driving your vehicle until the
    compressor has fully recharged the air
    system.
    Select a gear ratio to help slow your vehicle
    before descending grades. Supplementing
    with brakes, as required, help to safely slow
    the vehicle and avoids overspeeding the
    engine.
    Air Chamber Stroke Indication
    Air chamber push rods have orange stroke
    indicator markers that warn when the
    braking system requires adjustment or
    repair. The painted orange indicator is on
    the air chamber push rod at the slack
    adjuster stroke dimension that requires
    service when visible during brake
    application.
    A qualified service technician should
    perform air brake inspection and
    adjustment or repairs keeping to the
    instructions in the service manual.
    Cam Brakes - Automatic Slack
    Adjusters WARNING
    Do not manually adjust the
    automatic slack adjusters to correct
    excessive push rod stroke as it may
    result in reduced brake effectiveness and
    a vehicle crash. Excessive push rod stroke
    indicates that a problem exists with the
    automatic adjuster, with the installation
    of the adjuster, or with foundation brake
    components that manual adjustment does
    not remedy. Seek service from a qualified
    facility for excessive push rod stroke. 125
    F650750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 201708, First Printing BrakesE210336 E206772  
    						
    							Standard air brakes (cam) are equipped
    with automatic brake adjusters. Automatic
    adjustment occurs during brake
    applications. Inspect brakes for proper
    adjustment at the specified intervals.  See
    Scheduled Maintenance (page 320).
    Emergency Air Brake WARNING
    Do not continue to operate the
    vehicle with a failure of one of the
    brake systems. Take the vehicle to
    your dealer for service immediately. All vehicles are equipped with a dual brake
    system. In the unlikely event of a failure of
    one system, the second system functions
    for emergency stopping. The brake pedal
    controls all these systems in the same
    manner as for normal stops.
    EXHAUST BRAKE
     (If Equipped)
    WARNINGS
    Do not use tow/haul when the road
    surface is slippery. Failure to follow
    this instruction could result in the
    loss of control of your vehicle. WARNINGS
    Do not use diesel engine exhaust
    braking when the road surface is
    slippery. Failure to follow this
    instruction could result in the loss of
    control of your vehicle. Note:
    Installing an exhaust or auxiliary
    brake does not necessarily protect the
    engine from exceeding the maximum
    governed speed. Use the primary brakes to
    make sure the engine never exceeds the
    maximum governed speed under any
    circumstance.
    Note: Before starting the engine, make sure
    that the exhaust brake is off. Do not switch
    the exhaust brake on until the engine has
    reached normal operating temperature.
    Note: Maximum exhaust brake
    performance relates to the type of
    transmission your vehicle has.
    Note: Engine speed has a major influence
    on limiting performance. When engine
    speed stays at the maximum allowable
    level, the exhaust brake operates at peak
    performance.
    Note: Exhaust brakes operate effectively
    with automatic transmissions. However,
    performance varies with engine speed and
    the gear selected by the transmission.
    An exhaust brake is an auxiliary braking
    system that assists, but does not replace,
    the primary brake system. It helps control
    vehicle speed. It is not a vehicle-stopping
    device.
    Use the button on the instrument panel, in
    combination with the accelerator and
    clutch pedals, to maximize the use of the
    exhaust brake in the following conditions:
    • Off-highway driving.
    • Mountain driving.
    • Heavy traffic.
    • High-speed highway driving.
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    							To switch the exhaust brake on, press the
    button. A light on the instrument cluster
    indicates the system is on. Press the button
    again to switch it off.
    While approaching a steep grade, make
    sure that the exhaust brake switch is on.
    The exhaust brake begins working as soon
    as you remove your foot from the
    accelerator pedal.
    Before descending a hill or steep grade,
    always select the proper gear. If you take
    the transmission out of gear while
    descending, you may not be able to select
    another gear because of maximum
    governed RPM.
    Make sure the engine speed does not
    exceed the maximum allowable engine
    RPM. Exceeding the maximum allowable
    engine RPM can result in damage to the
    engine. Apply the service brakes to reduce
    the engine RPM or make a slower descent
    by using a lower gear. While driving down a grade, use a low
    enough gear to descend safely with a
    minimum application of the service brakes.
    As a general guideline, use the same gear
    as you use to ascend the hill.
    Exhaust Brake Operating
    Characteristics
    The exhaust brake switches on when you
    remove your feet from both the accelerator
    and clutch pedals and the exhaust brake
    is on.
    If the brake is working properly, there will
    be:
    •
    A slight change in engine sound when
    the exhaust brake turns on.
    • A smooth braking effect. Do not expect
    a retarding effect similar to sudden,
    hard application of the service brakes.
    • A retarding force possibly felt acting
    against your body during brake
    application (depending on the grade
    and vehicle load). This force prevents
    the vehicle from going much faster.
    • Engine temperatures remaining in the
    normal operating range.
    • A drop in engine RPM (depending on
    grade and vehicle load) during a
    descent.
    • A decrease in road speed when
    applying the exhaust brake during a
    descent, except when your vehicle is
    carrying a heavy load or the grade is
    extremely steep. In these instances,
    you may need to apply the service
    brakes occasionally.
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