Ford F650 Owners Manual
Have a look at the manual Ford F650 Owners Manual online for free. It’s possible to download the document as PDF or print. UserManuals.tech offer 41 Ford manuals and user’s guides for free. Share the user manual or guide on Facebook, Twitter or Google+.
Important Ventilating Information If you stop your vehicle and then leave the engine idling for long periods of time, we recommend that you do one of the following: • Open the windows at least 1 in (3 cm). • Set your climate control to outside air. STARTING A DIESEL ENGINE WARNING Operation of a diesel engine near flammable vapors in the air may cause the engine speed to increase uncontrollably and over speed. If this situation occurs, mechanical damage, fire, explosion, personal injury or death could result. Turning off the ignition key does not slow or stop the engine due to uncontrollable fueling of the engine through flammable vapors being drawn into the engine air inlet. Operation of components, for example starter, alternator, electric motors and static electricity could also ignite flammable vapors. Do not operate your vehicle in the possible presence of flammable vapors unless both a complete hazard analysis is carried out and necessary additional safety processes and/or equipment, for example vapor testing, air intake shutoff devices and ventilation are utilized. You are responsible for using those processes and/or equipment to make sure that the diesel engine and all other components on your vehicle can be operated safely under the specific conditions and hazards that may be encountered. Read all starting instructions carefully before you start your vehicle. Diesel Engine Fast Start Glow Plug System The diesel engine glow system consists of: • Eight glow plugs (one per cylinder) • Glow Plug Control Module • Engine Coolant Temperature sensor • Barometric pressure sensor • Environmental temperature sensor The powertrain and glow plug control modules electronically control the glow plug system. After you switch the ignition on the glow plug control module immediately energizes the glow plugs. The glow plug control module using the engine coolant temperature, barometric pressure sensor and environmental temperature sensor will determine how long the glow plugs stay energized. The required time for the glow plugs to be energized decreases as the coolant temperature, barometric pressure and environmental temperature increase. Before starting the engine, check the following: • Make sure all occupants have fastened their safety belts. • Make sure the headlamps and electrical accessories are off. • Make sure the parking brake is on. • Make sure the transmission is in park (P) or neutral (N). • Turn the ignition key to the on position. Note: Do not press the accelerator during starting. 88 F650750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 201708, First Printing Starting and Stopping the Engine
Cold Weather Starting WARNINGS Do not use starting fluid, for example ether, in the air intake system (see air filter decal). Such fluid could cause immediate explosive damage to the engine and possible personal injury. Do not add gasoline, gasohol, alcohol or Kerosene to diesel fuel. This practice creates a serious fire hazard and causes engine performance problems. We recommend using the engine block heater for starting when the ambient temperature is at or below-9°F (-23°C) See Engine Block Heater (page 90). When operating in cold weather, you can use Motorcraft® cetane improvers or non-alcohol-based cetane improvers from a reputable manufacturer as needed. Do not crank the engine for more than 10 seconds as starter damage may occur. If the engine fails to start, turn the key to the off position and wait 30 seconds before trying again. Your vehicle may be equipped with a cold weather starting strategy that prevents severe engine damage by assisting in engine lubrication warm-up. In extremely cold ambient temperatures, this strategy activates and prevents the accelerator pedal use for 30 seconds after starting your vehicle. A message appears in the information display as your vehicle warms up. By not allowing the accelerator pedal use, the engine oil can properly lubricate the bearings preventing engine damage due to lack of proper lubrication. After the 30-second warm-up period, the accelerator pedal is operational again and a message appears informing you that your vehicle is ok to drive. When starting the engine in extremely cold temperatures, for example -15°F (-26°C), we recommend you allow the engine to idle for several minutes before driving your vehicle. Illuminates when you switch the ignition on as part of the pre-starting system. 1. Turn the key to the on position without turning the key to the start position. Do not start the engine until the wait to start indicator turns off. 2. When the wait to start indicator turns off, turn the key to the start position and release the key as soon as the engine starts. After starting the engine, the glow plugs may remain on for a period. If you do not start the engine before the glow plug activation time ends, you need to reset the glow plugs by turning the key to the off position. 3. After the engine starts, allow it to idle for about 15 seconds. This is to protect the engine. Do not increase engine speed until the oil pressure gauge indicates normal pressure. SWITCHING OFF THE ENGINE Allow the engine to idle for three to five minutes before shutting it down. The larger the engine, the greater the need is for this idling period. Note: Try to limit engine idle to 10 minutes. Excessive idling reduces fuel economy. 89 F650750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 201708, First Printing Starting and Stopping the Engine
ENGINE IDLE SHUTDOWN (If Equipped) WARNING In the event of engine shutdown, make sure your vehicle is safely off the road and the problem is resolved before returning to the road. Failure to do so may result in a crash, serious injury or death. This feature automatically shuts down the engine when it has been idling in park (P) or neutral (N) for an extended period, depending on the setting. When the engine idle shutdown process has started: • A chime sounds and a message appears in the information display showing a timer counting down from 30 seconds. • You can reset the timer by pressing the brake pedal, accelerator pedal, or by shifting into another gear. • If you do not intervene within 30 seconds, the engine shuts down and a message appears in the information display alerting you that the engine has shut down. • Shortly after the engine has shut down, the electrical system simulates a key off and even though the ignition is still on, the electrical system simulates a normal accessory delay period before shutting down. • You must switch the ignition off to reset the system before restarting your vehicle. The engine idle shutdown timer does not start if: • The engine is operating in battery charge protect or power take-off mode. • The exhaust emission control device is regenerating. ENGINE BLOCK HEATER (If Equipped) WARNINGS Failure to follow engine block heater instructions could result in property damage or serious personal injury. Do not use your heater with ungrounded electrical systems or two-pronged adapters. There is a risk of electrical shock. Note: The heater is most effective when outdoor temperatures are below 0°F (-18°C). The heater acts as a starting aid by warming the engine coolant. This allows the climate control system to respond quickly. The equipment includes a heater element (installed in the engine block) and a wire harness. You can connect the system to a grounded 120-volt AC electrical source. We recommend that you do the following for a safe and correct operation: • Use a 16-gauge outdoor extension cord that is product certified by Underwriter ’s Laboratory (UL) or Canadian Standards Association (CSA). This extension cord must be suitable for use outdoors, in cold 90 F650750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 201708, First Printing Starting and Stopping the Engine
temperatures, and be clearly marked Suitable for Use with Outdoor Appliances. Do not use an indoor extension cord outdoors. This could result in an electric shock or become a fire hazard. • Use as short an extension cord as possible. • Do not use multiple extension cords. • Make sure that when in operation, the extension cord plug and heater cord plug connections are free and clear of water. This could cause an electric shock or fire. • Make sure your vehicle is parked in a clean area, clear of combustibles. • Make sure the heater, heater cord and extension cord are firmly connected. • Check for heat anywhere in the electrical hookup once the system has been operating for approximately 30 minutes. • Make sure the system is unplugged and properly stowed before starting and driving your vehicle. Make sure the protective cover seals the prongs of the block heater cord plug when not in use. • Make sure the heater system is checked for proper operation before winter. Using the Engine Block Heater The engine block heater plug is on the right-hand side of the front bumper next to the recovery hook. Open the hinged, circular door and make sure the receptacle terminals are clean and dry prior to use. Clean them with a dry cloth if necessary. The heater uses 0.4 to 1.0 kilowatt-hours of energy per hour of use. The system does not have a thermostat. It achieves maximum temperature after approximately three hours of operation. Using the heater longer than three hours does not improve system performance and unnecessarily uses electricity. Rapid Heat Supplemental Heating System (If Equipped) Note: Additional aftermarket electrical loads operated during engine warm up may affect the performance of the rapid heat supplemental heater. The optional rapid heat feature is an electrically powered device that provides supplemental heat during engine warm up. During initial warm up, you should use a mid to low blower speed for maximum effectiveness. When operating in automatic mode (when equipped) the climate control unit determines the appropriate blower speed for existing conditions. 91 F650750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 201708, First Printing Starting and Stopping the Engine
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WARNINGS Do not overfill the fuel tank. The pressure in an overfilled tank may cause leakage and lead to fuel spray and fire. The fuel system may be under pressure. If you hear a hissing sound near the fuel filler inlet, do not refuel until the sound stops. Otherwise, fuel may spray out, which could cause serious personal injury. Fuels can cause serious injury or death if misused or mishandled. Gasoline may contain benzene, which is a cancer-causing agent. When refueling always shut the engine off and never allow sparks or open flames near the fuel tank filler valve. Never smoke or use a cell phone while refueling. Fuel vapor is extremely hazardous under certain conditions. Avoid inhaling excess fumes. Flow of fuel through a fuel pump nozzle can produce static electricity. This can cause a fire if you are filling an ungrounded fuel container. Stop refueling after the fuel pump nozzle automatically shuts off for the second time. Failure to follow this will fill the expansion space in the fuel tank and could lead to fuel overflowing. Observe the following guidelines when handling automotive fuel: • Extinguish all smoking materials and any open flames before refueling your vehicle. • Automotive fuels can be harmful or fatal if swallowed. Fuel such as gasoline is highly toxic and if swallowed can cause death or permanent injury. If swallowed, call a physician immediately, even if no symptoms are immediately apparent. The toxic effects of fuel may not be visible for hours. • Avoid inhaling fuel vapors. Inhaling too much fuel vapor of any kind can lead to eye and respiratory tract irritation. In severe cases, excessive or prolonged breathing of fuel vapor can cause serious illness and permanent injury. • Avoid getting fuel liquid in your eyes. If you splash fuel in your eyes, remove contact lenses (if worn), flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention. Failure to seek proper medical attention could lead to permanent injury. • Fuels can also be harmful if absorbed through the skin. If you splash fuel on your skin, clothing or both, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash your skin thoroughly with soap and water. Repeated or prolonged skin contact with fuel liquid or vapor causes skin irritation. • Be particularly careful if you are taking “Antabuse ” or other forms of disulfiram for the treatment of alcoholism. Breathing gasoline vapors, or skin contact could cause an adverse reaction. In sensitive individuals, serious 92 F650750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 201708, First Printing Fuel and Refueling
personal injury or sickness may result. If you splash fuel on your skin, promptly wash your skin thoroughly with soap and water. Consult a physician immediately if you experience an adverse reaction. Low Fuel Pressure (If Equipped) Diesel engine vehicles have a low fuel pressure detection system. The following are possible causes for a low fuel pressure warning message to appear in the information display: • Cold start or during cold operation below 32°F (0°C). If the low fuel pressure message appears during a cold start or up to 10 minutes after the initial cold start, monitor the information display. If the low fuel pressure message disappears and does not re-appear after the engine has fully warmed up, waxed or gelled fuel is what most likely caused the message. Do not use alcohol based additives to correct fuel gelling. This may result in damage to the fuel injectors and systems. Use an anti-gel additive. See Capacities and Specifications (page 269 ). Note: The vehicle Warranty may be void if you use additives that do not meet or exceed Ford specifications. If the low fuel pressure message persistently appears after re-fueling and then disappears when the engine has fully warmed up, consider using different fuel sources. • Low fuel operation: If the low fuel pressure message appears when your vehicle is warm and during low fuel tank level operation (near empty), refuel your vehicle. If the message reappears after fueling, see below. If the message does not come back, the low fuel pressure condition was due to low fuel levels in the fuel tank. • Normal operation: If the low fuel pressure message appears during normal operation when the engine is fully warm, and fuel level is not low, you must change the fuel filters regardless of the maintenance schedule interval. • If replacement of the fuel filter does not remedy the low fuel pressure message during normal operation as defined above, take the vehicle to an authorized dealer. FUEL QUALITY - DIESEL Fuel Requirements - Choosing The Right Fuel: Vehicles Operated Where Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel Is Required (United States/Canada/Puerto Rico/U.S. Virgin Islands And Other Locales) You should use Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel fuel (also known as ULSD) designated as number 1-D or 2-D with a maximum of 15-ppm sulfur in your diesel vehicle. You may operate your vehicle on diesel fuels containing up to 20% biodiesel, also known as B20. These fuels should meet the ASTM D975 diesel or the ASTM D7467 B6-B20 biodiesel industry specifications. Outside of North America, use fuels meeting EN590 or equivalent local market standard. Note: The vehicle Warranty does not cover damage caused by using an improper type of fuel or fuel additive. 93 F650750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 201708, First Printing Fuel and Refueling
Note: Do not blend used engine oil with diesel fuel under any circumstances. Blending used oil with the fuel will significantly increase your vehicle ’s exhaust emissions and reduce engine life due to increased internal wear. Using low sulfur diesel fuel (16-500 ppm) or high sulfur diesel fuel (greater than 500 ppm) in your diesel engine will cause certain emission components to malfunction which may also cause the service engine soon light to illuminate indicating an emissions-related concern. Diesel fuel is adjusted seasonally for cold temperature. For best results at temperatures below 19°F (-7°C), it is recommended to use a diesel fuel which has been seasonally adjusted for the ambient conditions. Fuel Requirements - Choosing The Right Fuel: Vehicles Operated Where Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel Is Not Required For the engine to operate reliably on low-sulfur or high-sulfur diesel fuel, the engine must be a factory built high-sulfur engine (available as a dealer order option for select markets) or an ultra low sulfur diesel fuel configured engine that has been retrofitted for high-sulfur diesel fuel using Ford Motor Company dealer service parts. Failure to use retrofit components other than those available through your authorized dealer will result in coolant system damage, engine overheating, selective catalyst reduction system or diesel particulate filter damage and possible base engine damage. Use only a diesel engine configured for use with high sulfur diesel fuel in markets with diesel fuel that has sulfur content greater than 15 ppm. Using low sulfur diesel fuel (16–500 ppm) or high sulfur diesel fuel (greater than 500 ppm) in a diesel engine designed to use only Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel fuel may result in damage to engine emission control devices and the aftertreatment system, potentially rendering the vehicle inoperable. Vehicles with engines configured for use with high sulfur diesel fuel are only available for sale in countries where ultra low sulfur diesel fuel is generally not available or mandated by the government. Vehicles originally sold in a ultra low sulfur diesel fuel market that are subsequently exported to non- ultra low sulfur diesel fuel markets will need to be retrofitted (at the customer ’s expense using Ford authorized dealer service parts) in order to be reliably operated on non- ultra low sulfur diesel fuel. Biodiesel WARNING Do not mix diesel with gasoline, gasohol or alcohol. This could cause an explosion. Note: Do not use home heating oil, agricultural fuel, raw fats and oils, waste cooking greases, biodiesel fuels greater than 20% or any diesel fuel not intended for highway use. Red dye is used to identify fuels intended for agricultural and non-highway use. Damage to the fuel injection system, engine and exhaust catalyst can occur if an improper fuel is used. You may operate your vehicle on diesel fuels containing up to 20% biodiesel, also known as B20. 94 F650750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 201708, First Printing Fuel and Refueling
Biodiesel fuel is a chemically converted product from renewable fuel sources, such as vegetable oils, animal fats and waste cooking greases. To help achieve acceptable engine performance and durability when using biodiesel in your vehicle: • Confirm the biodiesel content of the fuel to be B20 (20% biodiesel) or less • Only use biodiesel fuel of good quality that complies with industry standards • Follow the recommended service maintenance intervals. See Scheduled Maintenance (page 320). • Do not store biodiesel fuel in the fuel tank for more than 1 month • Consider changing brands or reducing biodiesel content if you have cold temperature fuel gelling issues or a frequent LOW FUEL PRESSURE message appearing • Do NOT use raw oils, fats or waste cooking greases Use of biodiesel in concentrations greater than 20% may cause damage to your vehicle, including engine and/or exhaust after-treatment hardware (exhaust catalyst and particulate filter) failures. Concentrations greater than 20% can also cause fuel filter restrictions that may result in a lack of power or damage to fuel system components, including fuel pump and fuel injector failures. SAE 5W-40 or SAE 15W-40 oil is recommended for fuels with greater than 5% biodiesel (B5). Refer to the Special operating conditions section under the Schedule Maintenance chapter for more information about oil change intervals and other maintenance when operating on biodiesel. Look for a label on the fuel pump to confirm the amount of biodiesel contained in a diesel fuel. Biodiesel content is often indicated with the letter B followed by the percent of biodiesel in the fuel. For example, B20 indicates a fuel containing 20% biodiesel. Ask the service station attendant to confirm the biodiesel content of a diesel fuel if you do not see a label on the fuel pump. Biodiesel fuels degrade more easily than diesel fuels not containing biodiesel and should not be stored in the fuel tank for more than 1 month. If you plan to park or store your vehicle for more than 1 month, then you should empty your vehicle fuel tank of biodiesel fuel. You should fill the tank with a pure petroleum-based diesel fuel and run your vehicle for a minimum of 30 minutes. Note: Degraded or oxidized biodiesel can damage fuel system seals and plastics and corrode steel parts. During cold weather, if you have problems operating on biodiesel, you may need to use a diesel fuel with lower biodiesel content, try another brand, or discontinue the use of biodiesel. Diesel Fuel Additives It should not be necessary to add any aftermarket additives to your fuel if you use a high quality diesel fuel that conforms to ASTM industry specifications. Aftermarket additives can damage the fuel injector system or engine. Use Motorcraft® cetane booster or an equivalent cetane booster additive if you suspect fuel has low cetane. Use Motorcraft® anti-gel & performance improver or an equivalent additive if there is fuel gelling. 95 F650750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 201708, First Printing Fuel and Refueling
Do not use alcohol-based additives to improve cetane quality, to prevent fuel gelling or any other use. The use of alcohol additives may result in damage to the fuel injectors and system. See Capacities and Specifications (page 261). The Vehicle Warranty may not cover repairs needed to correct the effects of using an aftermarket product that does not meet Ford specifications in your fuel. FUEL QUALITY - GASOLINE Choosing the Right Fuel Your vehicle is designed to operate on regular unleaded gasoline with a minimum pump (R+M)/2 octane rating of 87. Some fuel stations, particularly those in high altitude areas, offer fuels posted as regular unleaded gasoline with an octane rating below 87. We do not recommend these fuels. For best overall vehicle and engine performance, premium fuel with an octane rating of 91 or higher is recommended. The performance gained by using premium fuel is most noticeable in hot weather as well as other conditions, for example when towing a trailer. See Towing a Trailer (page 143). Do not use any fuel other than those recommended because they could lead to engine damage that may not be covered by the vehicle Warranty. Note: Use of any fuel other than those recommended can impair the emission control system and cause a loss of vehicle performance. Do not use: • Diesel fuel. • Fuels containing kerosene or paraffin. • Fuel containing more than 10% ethanol or E85 fuel. • Fuels containing methanol. • Fuels containing metallic-based additives, including manganese-based compounds. • Fuels containing the octane booster additive, methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT). • Leaded fuel (using leaded fuel is prohibited by law). The use of fuels with metallic compounds such as methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (commonly known as MMT), which is a manganese-based fuel additive, will impair engine performance and affect the emission control system. Do not be concerned if the engine sometimes knocks lightly. However, if the engine knocks heavily while using fuel with the recommended octane rating, contact an authorized dealer to prevent any engine damage. RUNNING OUT OF FUEL - DIESEL Avoid running out of fuel. This allows air to enter the fuel system and may make it difficult to restart your vehicle. 96 F650750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 201708, First Printing Fuel and RefuelingE161513
If your vehicle runs out of fuel: • Normally adding 4–5 gal (15– 19 L) of fuel is enough to restart the engine. If your vehicle is out of fuel and on a steep grade, more than 5 gal (19 L) may be required. • You must purge trapped air from the system before restarting the engine. Purging Air From the System Switch the ignition on for 30 seconds and then switch the ignition off. Repeat this operation six times in a row to purge any trapped air from the fuel system. Any remaining air in the system self-purges when the engine starts. The engine may run rough or produce white smoke when air remains in the fuel system. This is normal and stops after a short period. If the engine continues to run rough, have your vehicle checked as soon as possible. Starting the Engine Do not crank the engine for more than 10 seconds as starter damage may occur. If the engine fails to start, switch the ignition off and wait 30 seconds before cranking the engine again. See Starting a Diesel Engine (page 88). RUNNING OUT OF FUEL - GASOLINE Avoid running out of fuel because this situation may have an adverse effect on powertrain components. If you run out of fuel: • You may need to switch the ignition from off to on several times after refueling to allow the fuel system to pump the fuel from the tank to the engine. When restarting, cranking time takes a few seconds longer than normal. With keyless ignition, just start the engine. Crank time will be longer than usual. • Normally, adding 1 gal (3.8 L) of fuel is enough to restart the engine. If the vehicle is out of fuel and on a steep grade, more than 1 gal (3.8 L) may be required. • The service engine soon indicator may come on. See Warning Lamps and Indicators (page 60). REFUELING - DIESEL An engine that suddenly becomes noisy or operates poorly after a fuel fill could be using substandard fuel. We recommend that you purchase diesel fuel from a reputable fuel station. Use only clean, approved containers that will prevent the entry of dirt or water whenever you store diesel fuel. Do not store diesel fuel in a galvanized container. The fuel dissolves the zinc in the galvanized container. The zinc will then remain in the fuel. If you run the contaminated fuel through the engine, the zinc damages the fuel injectors. Engine damage caused may not be covered by the vehicle Warranty. 97 F650750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 201708, First Printing Fuel and Refueling