Yamaha Motif 8 Owners Manual
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151MOTIF Reference Voice Edit mode Reference Voice mode ●[F1]-[SF5] Drum Key Oscillator Other From this display you can set various parameters related to how the individual notes of the Drum voice respond to the keyboard and MIDI data. •AssignMode When this is set to “single,” double playback of the same note is prevented. This is useful when two or more instances of the same note are received nearly simultaneously, or without a corresponding note off message. To allow playback of each instance of the same note, set this to “multi.” ❏Settings single, multi nWhen the Alternate Group (AltGrp) parameter is set to a setting other than “off,” this parameter is unavailable, and “---” is shown in the display. •RcvNoteOff (Receive Note Off) Determines whether or not the selected Drum key responds to MIDI Note Off messages. Setting this to “off” can be useful for cymbal sounds and other sustaining sounds. This lets you have the selected sounds sustain to the length of their natural decay — even if you release the note, or a Note Off message is received. ❏Settings off, on nThis parameter is effective for Waves selected in the [F1] - [SF1] Drum Key Oscillator Wave display (page 150). •AltGrp (Alternate Group) Set the Alternate Group to which the Wave is assigned. In a real drum kit, some drum sounds cannot physically be played simultaneously, such as open and closed hi-hats. You can prevent Waves from playing back simultaneously by assigning them to the same Alternate Group. Up to 127 Alternate Groups can be defined. You can also select “off” here if you wish to allow the simultaneous playback of sounds. ❏Settings off, 1 ~ 127 ●[F2]-[SF1]Drum Key Pitch Tune •Coarse Determines the pitch of each Drum Key Wave (or Normal Voice) in semitones. ❏Settings -48 ~+48nIf a Normal voice has been assigned to the key, this parameter adjusts the position of its note (not its pitch) relative to note C3. For example, let’s assume the original Voice consists of a two-Element piano- like sound up to note C3 and a two-Element string- like sound from note C#3 upwards. Adjusting this Coarse setting by +1 would not change the pitch of the piano-like sound to C#3. Instead, note C#3 of the original Voice (i.e., the string-like sound) would be used. •Fine Determines the fine tuning for the pitch of each Drum Key Wave (or Normal Voice). ❏Settings -64 ~+63 ●[F2]-[SF2] Drum Key Pitch V elocity Sensitivity From this display you can determine how the pitch of the Drum key responds to velocity. •Pitch Determines how the pitch of the selected Drum key responds to velocity. For positive values, the harder you play the key, the higher the pitch becomes. For negative values, the harder you play the key, the lower the pitch. ❏Settings -64 ~+63 ●[F3]-[SF1] Drum Key Filter Cutoff Basic Structure (page 46) The MOTIF lets you apply a low pass filter and high pass filter to each individual Drum key — giving you exceptionally detailed and comprehensive sonic control over the Drum voice. nThis parameter is effective for Waves selected in the [F1] - [SF1] Drum Key Oscillator Wave display (page 150). •LPF Cutoff Determines the Cutoff frequency of the Low Pass Filter. ❏Settings 0 ~ 255 •LPF Reso Determines the amount of Resonance (harmonic emphasis) applied to the signal at the Cutoff frequency. ❏Settings 0 ~ 31 •HPF Cutoff Determines the Cutoff frequency of the High Pass Filter. ❏Settings 0 ~ 255
152MOTIF Reference Voice Edit mode Reference Voice mode ●[F3]-[SF2] Drum Key Filter V elocity Sensitivity •LPFCutoff Determines the velocity sensitivity of the Low Pass Filter Cutoff frequency. Positive settings will cause the cutoff frequency to rise the harder you play the keyboard and negative settings will cause it to fall. ❏Settings -64 ~ 0 ~ +63 ●[F4]-[SF1] Drum Key Amplitude Level/Pan This display not only lets you make basic Level and Pan settings for the sound of each individual Drum key, it also gives you some detailed and unusual parameters for affecting Pan position. •Level Determines the output for the selected Drum key (Wave). This lets you make detailed balance adjustments among the various sounds of the Drum voice. ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 •Pan Determines the stereo Pan position for the selected Drum key (Wave). This will also be used as the basic Pan position for the Alternate and Random settings. ❏Settings L63 (Left) ~ C (Center) ~ R63 (Right) •AlternatePan Determines the amount by which the sound of the selected Drum key is panned alternately left and right for each note you press. The Pan setting (above) is used as the basic Pan position. ❏Settings L64 ~ 0 ~ R63 nThis parameter is effective for Drum keys whose Type parameter (in the Oscillator Wave display, page 150) has been set to “Preset wave” or “User wave.” •RandomPan Determines the amount by which the sound of the selected Drum key is panned randomly left and right for each note you press. The Pan setting (above) is used as the Center Pan position. ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 nThis parameter is effective for Drum keys whose Type parameter (in the Oscillator Wave display, page 150) has been set to “Preset wave” or “User wave.” ●[F4]-[SF2] Drum Key Amplitude AEG V elocity Sensitivity •Level Determines the velocity sensitivity of the Amplitude Envelope Generator’s output level. Positive settings will cause the output level to rise the harder you play the keyboard and, conversely, negative values will cause it to fall. ❏Settings -64 ~ 0 ~ +63 ●[F4]-[SF3] Drum Key Amplitude AEG Basic Structure (page 47) •AttackTime ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 •Decay1Time ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 •Decay1Lvl (Level) ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 •Decay2Time ❏Settings 0 ~ 126, hold Decay2 Time = 0~126 Decay2 Time = hold Attack Level Key on Attack TimeDecay1 TimeDecay2 Time Decay1 Level Attack Level Key on Attack TimeDecay1 TimeDecay2 Time Decay1 LevelTime Level Time Level
153MOTIF Reference Voice Edit mode Reference Voice mode ●[F6] Drum Key EQ (Equalizer) Same as in Normal Voice Element Edit. See page 148. nThis parameter is effective for Drum keys whose Type parameter (in the Oscillator Wave display, page 150) has been set to “Preset wave” or “User wave.” Plug-in Voice Edit Basic Structure (page 43) ◆Common edit and Element edit Same as Normal Voice Edit. See page 129. Unlike with Normal voices, the Plug-in voices only have one element for editing. ◆About Plug-in voices and Board voices The voices of a Plug-in Board installed to the MOTIF can be divided into two types: Board voices and Plug-in voices. Board voices are unprocessed, unaltered voices of the Plug-in board — the “raw material” used for the Plug-in voices. Plug-in voices, on the other hand, are edited Board voices — voices that have been specially programmed and processed for optimum use with the MOTIF. Included among the Board voices is a special set of voices — called Board Custom voices — which can be edited by a computer connected to the MOTIF, using special editing software included with the Plug-in board. (See page 87.) nDepending on the particular Plug-in board you are using, some of the parameters described here may not be available. For details, refer to the relevant owner’s manual of the Plug-in board. nFor details on the current lineup of available Plug-in boards, see page 35. ◆Basic Procedure Basic Structure (page 70) 1Press the [VOICE] button to enter the Voice Play mode. (The indicator lights.) 2Select a Plug-in voice to be edited. 3Press the [EDIT] button to enter the Voice Edit mode. (The indicator lights.) 4Select an element to be edited. •To edit the Common parameters, press the [DRUM KITS] button (which serves as a “COMMON” button here). •To edit the Element parameters, press any one of the NUMBER buttons ([1] - [4]). (Editing is the same, no matter which NUMBER button you press.) 5Select the menu you wish to edit by pressing the [F1] - [F6] and [SF1] -[SF5] buttons. 6Edit the parameters for the selected voice. 7Store the settings edited in step #6 to the User Memory as required. 8Press the [EXIT] button to exit from the Voice Edit mode. •For detailed instructions on steps #5 - #6, see the explanations below. •For details on step #7, refer to “Voice Store mode” on page 159. Cannot be eited Computer (Voice Editor in CD-ROM supplied with the Plug-in board) Copy StorePlug-in Voice Edit Save Bulk send/ edit MOTIF voice parameter Plug-in voice Plug-in preset voice Plug-in user voice Board voice Board preset voice Board custom voice DRUM KITS FAVORITESCOMMON 1 234 ELEMENT / PERF. PART / ZONE
154MOTIF Reference Voice Edit mode Reference Voice mode ■Common edit ●[F1]-[SF1] Plug-in Common General Name Same as in Normal Voice Common Edit. See page 130. ●[F1]-[SF2] Plug-in Common General Play mode Same as in Normal Voice Common Edit. See page 130. Please note that Micro Tuning is not available in Plug-in Voice Common Edit. ●[F1]-[SF3] Plug-in Common General Master EQ Offset Same as in Normal Voice Common Edit. See page 131. ●[F1]-[SF4] Plug-in Common General Por tamento Same as in Normal Voice Common Edit. See page 131. Please note that Portamento Mode and Portamento Time are not available in Plug-in Voice Common Edit. ●[F1]-[SF5] Plug-in Common General Other Same as in Normal Voice Common Edit. See page 132. Unlike with Normal Voice Edit, the Upper and Lower ranges cannot be independently set here. ●[F2] Plug-in Common Output Same as in Normal Voice Common Edit. See page 132. ●[F3]-[SF1] Plug-in Common Arpeggio Arpeggio type Same as in Normal Voice Common Edit. See page 132. ●[F3]-[SF2] Plug-in Common Arpeggio Arpeggio limit Same as in Normal Voice Common Edit. See page 133. ●[F3]-[SF3] Plug-in Common Arpeggio Play FX (Effect) Same as in Normal Voice Common Edit. See page 133. ●[F4]-[SF1] Plug-in Common Control Set Set1/2 Same as in Normal Voice Common Edit. See page 134. Please note that Element Switch is not available in Plug-in Voice Common Edit. ●[F4]-[SF2] Plug-in Common Control Set Modulation Wheel From this display you can set how the Plug-in voice responds to the Modulation wheel, by changing the control depth for the filter, pitch and amplitude (volume). •Filter Determines the depth of control of the Modulation Wheel over the filter cutoff frequency. Negative settings result in reversed Modulation wheel operation (i.e., moving the wheel up results in less modulation). ❏Settings -64 ~ 0 ~ +63 •PMod (Pitch Modulation Depth) Determines the depth of control the Modulation Wheel has over pitch modulation. The higher the setting, the greater the depth of control. ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 •FMod (Filter Modulation Depth) Determines the depth of control the Modulation Wheel has over filter cutoff modulation. The higher the setting, the greater the depth of control. ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 •AMod (Amplitude Modulation Depth) Determines the depth of control the Modulation Wheel has over amplitude modulation. The higher the setting, the greater the depth of control. ❏Settings 0 ~ 127
155MOTIF Reference Voice Edit mode Reference Voice mode ●[F4]-[SF3] Plug-in Common Control Set After T ouch The MOTIF gives you a comprehensive set of after touch controls for the Plug-in voice, allowing you to change the pitch and filter settings, and produce modulation effects (pitch, filter and amplitude)- simply by pressing down hard on the keys. •Pitch Determines the depth of control of keyboard aftertouch over pitch. You can set a value (in semitones) of up to two octaves. ❏Settings -24 ~ 0 ~ +24 •Filter Determines the depth of control of keyboard aftertouch over the filter cutoff frequency. ❏Settings -64 ~ 0 ~ +63 •PMod (Pitch Modulation Depth) Determines the depth of control that keyboard aftertouch has over pitch modulation. The higher the setting, the greater the depth of control. ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 •FMod (Filter Modulation Depth) Determines the depth of control that keyboard aftertouch has over filter cutoff modulation. The higher the setting, the greater the depth of control. ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 •AMod (Amplitude Modulation Depth) Determines the depth of control that keyboard aftertouch has over amplitude modulation. The higher the setting, the greater the depth of control. ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 ●[F4]-[SF4] Plug-in Common Control Set AC (Assignable Contr ols) From this display you can assign MIDI Control Change numbers and determine the degree to which the assigned controllers affect the filter and the modulation effects (pitch, filter and amplitude). For details on using Control Change numbers and the Assignable Controls, see page 191.•Source Determines the MIDI Control Change number used to control the filter, PMod, FMod, and Amod. ❏Settings 0 ~ 95 •Filter Determines the depth of control the Control Change numbers (set in the Source parameter above) have over the filter cutoff frequency. ❏Settings -64 ~ 0 ~ +63 •PMod (Pitch Modulation Depth) Determines the depth of control the Control Change messages (set in the Source parameter above) have over pitch modulation. The larger the setting, the greater the depth of control. ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 •FMod (Filter Modulation Depth) Determines the depth of control the Control Change messages (set in the Source parameter above) have over filter cutoff modulation. The larger the setting, the greater the depth of control. ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 •AMod (Amplitude Modulation Depth) Determines the depth of control the Control Change messages (set in the Source parameter above) have over amplitude modulation. The larger the setting, the greater the depth of control. ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 ●[F6]-[SF1] Plug-in Common Effect Connection Basic Structure (page 40) This is the same as in Normal Voice Common Edit (page 137), with the exception of the following points. •EL: OUT settings are not available in Plug-in Voice Common Edit. •The parallel setting (Insertion Connection) is not available in Plug-in Voice Common Edit. ●[F6]-[SF2], [SF3], [SF4], [SF5] Plug-in Common Effect Parameter Inser tion 1, 2, Reverb, Chorus The number of parameters and values available differs depending on the currently selected effect type. For more information, see the Effect Type List in the separate Data List booklet.
156MOTIF Reference Voice Edit mode Reference Voice mode ■Element Edit ●[F1]-[SF1] Plug-in Element Oscillator Wave From this display you can select the desired Board Voice used for the element of the Plug-in voice. Keep in mind that a Plug-in voice only has one element. •Bank Determines the Board Voice Bank of the Plug-in voice. ❏Settings (These depend on the particular Plug-in board; refer to the relevant owner’s manual for details.) •Number Determines the Board Voice Number. ❏Settings (These depend on the particular Plug-in board; refer to the relevant owner’s manual for details.) ●[F1]-[SF5] Plug-in Element Oscillator Other From this display you can set how the Plug-in voice responds to velocity, and transpose the key (pitch) for the voice. •Velocity Depth Determines the velocity sensitivity of the Board voice. For higher values, the harder you play the keyboard, the louder the voice becomes. ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 •Velocity Offset This lets you specify an offset value for the velocity sensitivity of the Board voice. In other words, you can increase the relative velocity (or level) of the voice by a set amount — so that all the notes you play have the added velocity. ❏Settings 0 ~ 127 •Note Shift Determines the transpose setting for the Board voice, or the amount (in semitones) by which the pitch is raised or lowered. The pitch range is two octaves, up or down. ❏Settings -24 ~ 0 ~ +24 ●[F2] Plug-in Element Pitch PEG Time, Level Basic Structure (page 46) From this display you can make various time and level settings for the Pitch EG, which determine how the pitch of the Board voice changes over time. The full names of the available parameters are shown in the chart below, as they appear in the display. ❏Settings -64 ~ 0 ~ +63 ●[F3] Plug-in Element Filter Cutoff Basic Structure (page 46) •HPFCutoff (High Pass Filter Cutoff frequency) Determines the Cutoff frequency for the High Pass Filter. ❏Settings -64 ~ 0 ~ +63 ●[F4] Plug-in Element Native With a Plug-in board installed to the MOTIF, you can create a Board voice by editing both native parameters (those parameters exclusive to the particular board) and unique parameters (related specifically to the MOTIF). Pressing [F4] gives you access to the native parameters of the Plug-in board.The parameters will vary depending on the Plug-in Board. For details about each parameter and its functions, refer to the Owner’s Manual or the on-line help that came with your Plug-in Board. nFor details on the current lineup of available Plug- in boards, see page 35. INIT ATK DCY1 DCY2 REL DEPTH TIME --- Attack time --- ---Release time LEVELInitial level--- --- ---Release time--- Initial Level 0Release Level Original Pitch Attack TimeRelease Time Key off Time Pitch
157MOTIF Reference Voice Edit mode Reference Voice mode ●[F5] Plug-in Element LFO Basic Structure (page 47) From this display you can set the basic LFO parameters for modulating the pitch to create vibrato and other special effects. •Speed Determines the speed of the LFO waveform. Positive settings increase the speed and negative settings decrease it. This is applied as an offset to the same parameter in the original voice of the Plug-in board. ❏Settings -64 ~ 0 ~ +63 •Delay Determines the delay time between the moment you press note on the keyboard and the moment the LFO comes into effect. Positive settings lengthen the delay and negative settings shorten it. This is applied as an offset to the same parameter in the original voice of the Plug-in board. ❏Settings -64 ~ 0 ~ +63 •PMod (Pitch Modulation Depth) Determines the amount by which the LFO waveform controls the pitch. Positive settings increase the amount and negative settings decrease it. This is applied as an offset to the same parameter in the original voice of the Plug-in board. ❏Settings -64 ~ 0 ~ +63 ●[F6] Plug-in Element EQ (Equalizer) From this display you can apply equalizer settings to the Board voice. This is a shelving equalizer with two bands; one for high frequencies and the other for low frequencies.1LowFreq (Low Frequency) Determines the shelving point for the low frequencies. The levels of signals below this frequency will be boosted/ attenuated by the amount set in the LoGain parameter. ❏Settings 32Hz ~ 2.0kHz 2LowGain (Low Gain) Determines the amount by which signals below the LoFreq frequency will be boosted/attenuated. ❏Settings -64 ~ 0 ~ +63 3HighFreq (High Frequency) Determines the shelving point for the high frequencies. The levels of signals above this frequency will be boosted/ attenuated by the amount set in the HiGain parameter. ❏Settings 500Hz ~ 16.0kHz 4HighGain (High Gain) Determines the amount by which signals above the HiFreq frequency will be boosted/attenuated. ❏Settings -64 ~ 0 ~ +63 ◆About Board Custom Voice Editing You can edit Board Custom voices of the Plug-in Board by using the Voice Editor software included with the board. nSelect the Part Number of the Editor software to “1” when using the software with the Voice mode. Also make sure to match the basic MIDI receive channel of the MOTIF (page 258) to the MIDI channel of the Editor software. The original Board Custom voices you’ve edited can be saved and controlled from the computer. Make sure to save the edited data to a memory card or connected SCSI device from the MOTIF, since any edited data in the DRAM of the Plug-in board will be lost when you turn off the power on the MOTIF. nFor details about how to use the Voice Editor software included with the Plug-in board, refer to the Online help of the Voice Editor. nEditing the above parameters may or may not have much effect on the sound, depending on the particular Plug-in board youve installed. Speed=slow Speed=fast TimeTime Short Delay Long Delay Key onKey on LowFreq LowGainHighGain HighFreq Frequency - + 0 1 2 34
158MOTIF Reference Voice Job mode Reference Voice mode Voice Job mode The Voice Job mode contains various convenient operations (called “Jobs”), which are useful in editing and archiving your original voices. ◆Basic Procedure 1In the Voice Play mode, select a voice you wish to execute the Job on. 2Press the [JOB] button to enter the Voice Job Mode. 3Select the desired Job menu by pressing the appropriate button, [F1] - [F6]. 4Set the relevant Job parameters. 5Press the [ENTER] button. (The display prompts you for confirmation.) 6Press the [INC/YES] button to execute the Job. After the Job has been completed, a “Completed” message appears and operation returns to the original display. nTo cancel the Job, press the [DEC/NO] button. For Jobs that take longer to process, you will see the message “Executing…” during processing. If you switch off the power of the MOTIF while this message is displayed, you risk corrupting your data. 7Press the [VOICE] button to exit from Voice Job mode and return to Voice Play mode. •For detailed instructions on steps #3 - #4, see the explanations below. ●[F1] Initialize This function lets you reset (initialize) all voice parameters to their default settings. It also allows you to selectively initialize certain parameters, such as Common settings, settings for each Element/ Drum key, and so on — very useful when creating a completely new voice from scratch. ❏Type of parameter to be initialized When a Normal v oice is selected: ALL, Common, EL1 ~ 4 When a Drum v oice is selected: ALL, Common, EL nIf you turn the check mark on, you can select a Drum key. For details on selecting a key, see “Basic Operation” on page 75. When a Plug-in v oice is selected: ALL, Common, EL ●[F2] Edit Recall If you are editing a voice and select a different voice without storing your edited one, all the edits you’ve made will be erased. If this happens, you can use Edit Recall to restore the voice with your latest edits intact. ●[F3] Copy From this display you can copy Common and Element/Drum Key parameter settings from any Voice to the Voice you are editing. This is useful if you are creating a Voice and wish to use some parameter settings from another Voice. •Source voice Select a Voice and data type to be copied. ❏Data type When a Normal v oice is selected: Common, Element 1 ~ 4 When a Drum v oice is selected: Common, Drum key C0 ~ C6 When a Plug-in v oice is selected: Common, Element nIf the source Voice type (Normal/Drum/Plug-in) differs from one of the Voice you are currently editing (destination), you will only be able to copy Common parameters.
159MOTIF Reference Voice Store mode Reference Voice mode •Data type of Destination voice (current selected voice) If the source is a Normal or Drum Voice and data type is set to Element or Drum Key, you can set the data type of the destination Voice. ❏Data type When a Normal v oice is selected: Element 1 ~ 4 When a Drum v oice is selected: Drum key C0 ~ C6 nIf you choose to copy Common parameters from the source, this display will change to “Common.” ●[F4] Bulk Dump This function lets you send all your edited parameter settings for the currently selected voice to a computer or another MIDI device for data archiving. nYou must set the correct MIDI Device Number in order to execute a Bulk Dump. For details, see page 258. Voice Store mode Basic Structure (page 63) This function lets you store your edited voice to User memory. When you execute this, the settings for the destination memory will be overwritten. Important data should always be backed up to computer, a separate Memory Card or some other storage device. ◆Basic Procedure 1After editing the voice, press the [STORE] button to enter the Voice Store mode. 2Select the destination Voice Memory. 3Press the [ENTER] button. (The display prompts you for confirmation.) 4To execute the Store operation, press the [INC/ YES] button. After the voice has been stored, a “Completed” message appears and operation returns to the original display. nTo cancel the Store operation, press the [DEC/NO] button. For Store operations that take longer to process, you will see the message “Executing…” during processing. If you switch off the power of the MOTIF while this message is displayed, you risk corrupting your data.
160MOTIF Reference Function Tree Reference Performance mode Performance Mode Basic Structure (page 42) Function Tree This section is devoted to the Performance mode. To see how the Performance mode relates to the entire structure of the MOTIF and its other modes and functions, see the simplified chart in “Basic Structure” on page 30. The following detailed chart shows all of the display menus and parameter groups of the Performance modes — giving you a quick, easy-to-understand overview of the performance-related functions of the MOTIF. Brackets around a word or phrase (e.g., [F1]) indicate specific button names or panel operations. [INFO] PERFORMANCE INFO [PERFORM] PERFORMANCE PLAY [F1] PERFORMANCE PLAY [F2] PERFORMANCE AD [F3] PERFORMANCE VOICE [SF1] ADD INTERNAL VOICE [SF2] ADD PLUG-IN VOICE [SF3] DELETE [SF4] SET NOTE LIMIT LOW [SF5] SET NOTE LIMIT HIGH [F4] PERFORMANCE PORTAMENTO [F5] PERFORMANCE EG [F6] PERFORMANCE ARPEGGIO [CATEGORY] PERFORMANCE CATEGORY SEARCH [FAV] CATEGORY SEARCH [F1] SUB CATEGORY1 SELECT [F2] SUB CATEGORY2 SELECT [F3] SUB CATEGORY3 SELECT [F4] SET TO FAVORITE [F5] CLEAR 1 FAVORITE [F6] CLEAR ALL FAVORITE [FAV] FAVORITE SELECT [F5] CLEAR 1 FAVORITE [F6] CLEAR ALL FAVORITE [EDIT] PERFORMANCE EDIT [COMMON] COMMON [F1] COMMON [SF1] NAME [SF3] MEQ OFFSET [SF4] PORTA [SF5] OTHER [F2] COMMON OUTPUT/MASTER EQ [SF1] OUTPUT [SF2] MEQ [F3] COMMON ARPEGGIO [SF1] TYPE [SF2] LIMIT [SF3] PLAY [SF4] OUTPUT CHANNEL [SF5] CLEAR USER ARPEGGIO [F4] COMMON CONTROLLER ASSIGN CONTROLLER ASSIGN [F6] COMMON EFFECT [SF1] EFFECT CONNECT [SF2] PLG-EF [SF3] VARIATION [SF4] REVERB [SF5] CHORUS [PERFORMANCE] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 275 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 162 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 162 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 163 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 165 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 124 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 126 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 126 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 126 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 126 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 126 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 126 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 126 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 127 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 127 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 127 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 165 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 165 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 166 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 166 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 166 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 167 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 167 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 167 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 167 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 168 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 168 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 168 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 168 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 168 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 168 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 132 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 169 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 169 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 169 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 169 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 170 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 170 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 170 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. 170