Lucent Technologies DEFINITY Enterprise Communications Server Release 8.2 Administration For Network Connectivity Manual

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IP Routing
General DescriptionIP routes are needed when switches are connected in an IP network and default 
gateways are not assigned and you want network nodes on different (sub)networks to 
communicate. 
There are two type of IP routes — host and network. The following table summarizes 
when you would use each type:
In a LAN environment, if network security is a concern, not assigning default 
gateways limits internode access to paths that are explicitly administered. 
Note:1. If you set up an IP route from a node that is connected via a ppp link to 
the node you are using for the Gateway, you must first enable the link on 
the ppp data module. 
Note:2. If an entry in the Destination Node or Gateway field is rejected, check 
that the name has been entered on the Node Names screen. In particular, 
check that names are entered on the correct page of the Node Names 
screen — page 1 for AUDIX and MSA, pages 2–6 for a CMS server, a 
node in a switch, and router nodes.
add ip-route 3                                                  Page   1 of   1 
                              IP ROUTING                                        
     Route Number: 3  
 Destination Node: 
          Gateway: 
      C-LAN Board: 
Metric: 
Route Type:
Connection 
Ty p eWhen to Define IP Routes:
EthernetHost IP Routes
Define a host IP route when endpoints are on different subnets 
and no default gateway is defined for the local node.
Network IP Routes
Define network IP routes when you want hosts on the local 
subnet to communicate with hosts on some remote subnets but 
not others.
PPP Define a host IP route when there are one or more intermediate 
nodes between endpoints.
Network IP routes are not used with ppp connections. 
						

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Route NumberA number that identifies this IP route.
Destination NodeThe node name of the final destination for this connection. 
GatewayThe node name of the first intermediate node. 
C-LAN BoardThe slot location of the local C-LAN board.Valid Value Usage
1–400Command-line entry. Enter a specific number or 
n for the 
next available number.
Valid Value Usage
A name previously 
entered on the Node 
Names screen.This is the final destination of the IP route for this 
connection. 
Valid Value Usage
A name previously 
entered on the Node 
Names screen and is 
either a port on the 
C-LAN board or 
identified as a 
Destination Node 
on another IP route.If there are no intermediate nodes between the local and 
remote C-LAN ports for this connection, the Gateway is the 
local C-LAN port. If there are one or more intermediate 
nodes, the first intermediate node is the Gateway.
For example, consider a connection between two switches 
(two C-LAN ports) that goes through a WAN with multiple 
routers. Each router is an intermediate node but the first 
router is the Gateway for the IP route between the C-LAN 
ports. This router is defined as first by setting up another IP 
route between the local C-LAN port and the router. In this 
IP route, the local C-LAN port is the Gateway and the 
router is the Destination.
Valid Value Usage
A slot location 
occupied by a 
C-LAN board.Enter MMCSS, where MM is a 2-digit machine number, C 
is the carrier letter, and SS is a 2-digit slot number. 
						

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MetricThe metric value indicates the desirability of the IP route in terms of the efficiency of 
the data transmission between two nodes. 
If there are two routes to the same destination, one with metric 0 and one with metric 
1, the switch software will choose the route with metric 0 because it is (if properly 
administered) the more efficient route of the two. On the other hand, if both routes are 
administered with metric 0, the switch will choose whichever it sees first, not 
necessarily the most efficient one.
By entering 1 in the Metric field, you are telling the switch, “this is a complex route; 
if you know of a simpler route (metric 0) to this destination, use that instead.” In other 
words, metric 1 diverts usage of the route to a metric-0 route, if available.
The following diagram illustrates the use of the Metric field. Switches A and C are 
connected via switch B over two LANs. Switch B has two C-LAN boards, which are 
connected via a ppp link. The network nodes are numbered 1 through 6. 
The following IP routes are required for communications between switches A and C:
Administered Destination Gateway
Route
onBoard Loc.NodeNode Metric
1 Switch A C-LANa 6 2 0
2 Switch B C-LAN1 6 4 1
3 Switch B C-LAN2 1 3 1
4 Switch C C-LANc 1 5 0
Implied  Switch B  C-LAN2 6 5 0
The implied route from C-LAN2 to node 6 via node 5 is not administered on the IP 
Routing screen but is a built-in part of the C-LAN firmware and the automatic subnet 
routing feature. (We are assuming that automatic subnet routing is enabled for node 5 
on the Data Module screen.) Therefore, on Switch B there are two routes to 
destination 6 — route 2 and the implied route.Valid Values Usage
0 or 1A metric value of 1 is used only on a switch that has more than 
one C-LAN board installed. 
You can always enter either 0 or 1 in the Metric field but the 
choice should be guided by the information below.
LAN
LAN
C-LAN2
C-LAN1
C-LANa
2
13
4
5
Switch ASwitch B
Switch C
6 ppp
ethernet ethernet
C-LANc 
						

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A message originating on Switch B destined for node 6 can use either route 2 or the 
implied route. The switch will choose the implied route because it has metric 0 while 
route 2 has metric 1. By using the implied route, the message goes directly from the 
source to C-LAN2, without passing through C-LAN1. If route 2 had been 
administered with metric 0, the switch may have used route 2, which goes through 
C-LAN1 to C-LAN2. In this case, if traffic volume were high, the PPP connection 
between C-LAN1 and C-LAN2 could be unnecessarily overloaded. Of course, any 
destination-6 message already being handled by C-LAN1, such as a message from 
Switch A, would have to use route 2.
The same description applies to route 3 and destination 1. There is an implied 
metric-0 route with destination 1 and gateway 2. 
Route TypeThe Route Type is a display-only field that appears on the screen when the change, 
display, and list commands are used; it does not appear for the add command. It 
specifies whether this is a network or host route.
A network route enables communications between the node specified in the C-LAN 
Board field and all nodes on the (sub)network specified in the Destination Node field. 
A host route enables communications between the node specified in the C-LAN 
Board field and the single node specified in the Destination Node field.
For a network route, the node name in the Destination Node field must be 
administered on the Node Names screen where it is associated with a (sub)network 
address, not a specific node address. For example, 192.168.1.0 is the network address 
for the 192.168.1 network. 
The identification of an address as a network address or a host address depends on 
how the network is subnetted, which is specified by the Subnet Mask field on the IP 
Interfaces screen.
Valid Value Usage
network or host Display only. 
						

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IP Media Parameters 
This screen specifies the types of codecs available on the IP Interface board 
(TN802B). The codecs encode and compand the analog voice data for transmission 
over the IP facilities. The order in which the codecs are listed is the preferred order of 
use by the switch.
Note:The codec ordering must be the same on DEFINITY switches at both 
ends of an H.323 trunk connection. The set of codecs listed need not be 
the same, but the order of the listed codecs must be the same.
Audio Codec 
PreferencesEnter the codec types in the order of preference of use..
UDP Port RangesEnter a minimum and maximum port number.
change ip-parameters                                            Page   1 of   1 
                                                                                
                          IP Media Parameters
    Audio Codec
    Preferences
 1: G.711MU    
 2: G.723-6.3K
3: G.729A 
 4:            
    UDP Port Range
    Min: 2048 
    Max: 65535 n
Valid Value Usage
G.711A, 
G711MU, 
G723-6.3K, 
G723-5.8K, 
G729AEnter up to four codec types in the order of preference of 
use. See IP Parameters  (page 34) for a description of the 
differences between codec types.
Valid Value Usage
1–65535
Min < Max.Enter a minimum and maximum port number to specify a 
block of port numbers to be used for audio connections.  
						

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Data Module Screens
The Data Module screen must be administered at both ends of a DCS connection, except for ISDN connections. 
There are two types of data modules used with TCP/IP connections — ppp and ethernet. There are two types of 
data modules used with BX.25 connections — the proc-intf data module is used for the csi and si models, and the 
x.25 data module is used with the r model. The pdm data module is needed when the r model is connected to an si 
model via x.25. 
The fields that are common to two or more of the data module types are described first, followed by the screen 
pictures and descriptions of the fields that are unique for a given data module type.
Common Data Module Fields
The following fields are common to two or more of data module types.
Data ExtensionExtension number for this data module.
Ty p eThe data module type, which determines the connection type.Valid Entries Data Module 
Ty p e sUsage
A 1- to 5-digit 
number consistent 
with the Dial Planppp
ethernet
procr-intf
x.25
pdmThe data extension is entered on the 
command line. If next is entered on the 
command instead of an extension 
number, the system assigns the next 
available extension number.
Valid Entries Data 
Module 
Ty p e sUsage
For TCP/IP connections:
ppp and ethernet.
For X.25 connections:
proc-intf (for the csi and si 
models) 
x.25 and pdm (for the r-model). ppp
ethernet
procr-intf
x.25
pdmEnter the data module type that 
is appropriate type for the 
connection type and switch 
model.
For an r-model connected to an 
si-model via X.25, a pdm data 
module needs to be 
administered in addition to the 
x.25 data module. 
						

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PortSeven characters to specify the port location for this data module in the format 
NNCSSPP.
LinkThe communication interface link number associated to this data module. 
NameDescriptive label for the data module. 
COSClass of service. COS specifies a group of feature-access permissions of a group of 
telephones. Valid Entries Data Module 
Ty p e sUsage
NN = cabinet number:
•01 – 44 (r model)
•01 – 03 (si model)
•01 (csi model)
C = carrier position: a – e
SS = slot number: 00 – 20
PP = port number: 01 – 16ppp
ethernet
x.25
pdmYou can enter x in the Port field 
to indicate that there is no 
hardware associated with the port 
assignment (Administration 
Without Hardware).
Valid Entries Data Module 
Ty p e sUsage
•1-33 r model
•1–25 si model
•1–25 csi modelppp
ethernet
procr-intf
x.25Indicates the interface link number that 
connects to another node in a DCS 
network, a Message Server, CMS, SDN 
Gateway, or AUDIX. 
Valid Entries Data Module 
Ty p e sUsage
0-27 
alphanumeric 
characters. 
Default is 
blank.ppp
ethernet
procr-intf
x.25
pdmThis field is not used by the system software. 
Enter a descriptive name for ease in 
identifying the data module. The contents of 
this field are displayed when the list data 
module command is used.
Valid 
EntriesData Module 
Ty p e sUsage
0-15
Default is 1ppp
procr-intf
pdmThe value for this fields will be specified by the 
system administrator. 
						

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CORClass of restriction. COR identifies caller and called-party privileges for telephones, 
telephone groups, data modules, and trunk groups.
TNTenant partition number. Enables a single DEFINITY ECS to appear to users as 
several small independent switches.
BCCBearer capability class. This field is not administrable on the data module screens. 
BCC is used with ISDN connections to identify the types of traffic that can be 
supported by a given trunk.Valid 
EntriesData Module 
Ty p e sUsage
0-95
Default is 1ppp
procr-intf
x.25
pdmThe values for these fields will be specified by 
the system administrator.
Administer the COR so that account codes are 
not required. Forced entry of account codes is 
turned off for wideband endpoints.
Valid 
EntriesData 
Module 
Ty p e sUsage
1-20 (csi, 
si)
1-100 (r)
Default is 1ppp
procr-intf
x.25
pdmPartitioning could be useful when 2 or more user 
groups (tenants) have different switch-usage patterns.
For R6 and later configurations, all MASI trunks are 
associated with Tenant 1.
Valid 
Va l u e sData Module 
Ty p e sUsage
0-4ppp
ethernet
pdmFor non-ISDN connections, leave the default (2).
For ISDN connections, 
0 = Voice only. Use for H.323 trunks.
1 = Mode 1 data — allows restricted 
circuit-switched data on a B-channel; 56Kbps
2 = Mode 2 data — 64 Kbps data packaged in an 
inverted HDLC protocol and limited to user data 
rates between 300bps and 19.2Kbps.
3 = Mode 3 data — when circuit switched, 64Kbps 
digital data packaged in LAPD protocol.
4 = Mode 0 data — a data bearer capability that 
allows full 64Kbps unrestricted circuit switched data 
on a B-channel. Also referred to as clear channel. 
						

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Node NameThe node name for the interface (C-LAN port) defined by this data module.
Destination NumberThis field specifies the destination of the link. 
Used to enable access to the correct trunk group at the far end of the connection. This 
is typically the trunk access code (TAC) plus the extension of data module on the far 
end. If you use just the extension, then you must administer UDP and AAR route 
patterns to access the correct trunk group.Valid Entries Data 
Module 
Ty p e sUsage
A name administered on the Node 
Names Screen. 
For a ppp data module, AUDIX 
and MSA names listed on page 1 
of the Node Names screen are not 
allowed in this field — only 
names listed on pages 2–6 of the 
Node Names screen are valid.ppp This name is associated with 
an IP address of the port on the 
Node Names screen.
Valid 
EntriesData 
Module 
Ty p e sUsage
Extension 
number or 
TAC + 
extension 
number or 
eia or 
external
Leave blank 
if Establish 
Connection? 
is set to n.procr-intf
x.25Used to enable access to the correct trunk group at the 
far end of the connection. This is typically the trunk 
access code (TAC) plus the extension of data module 
on the far end. If you use just the extension, then you 
must administer UDP and AAR route patterns to 
access the correct trunk group.
If a trunk access code (TAC) is used, prepend the TAC 
to the extension.
Enter eia (simplex system only) for ... 
The Link field must be set to 1 for eia.
For the x.25 data module, to connect the Adjunct via 
the cable on the back of the PGATE circuit pack, enter 
external. If a value other than external is used, the 
associated X.25 data module must have a baud rate of 
switched.
This field can be left blank assuming the other side 
will call it; however, it is preferable to put in the actual 
digits of the other side and set the Establish 
Connection field to n. This enables you to identify 
which X.25 data module on the remote switch is 
expected to call this data module. 
						

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Establish Connection?Specifies whether this switch will be responsible for the call setup for this 
connection.
Connected Data ModuleThis in an information-only field. This field displays when the Destination Number 
field is other than eia. 
Connected ToSpecifies whether the connected device is dte or isn.
ITCInformation Transfer Capability. This field is used to determine the type of 
transmission facilities to be used for ISDN calls originating from this endpoint. 
Displays when Communication Type is 56k-data, 64k-data, or Wideband. 
Enter restricted (default) or unrestricted to indicate the type of transmission 
facilities to be used for ISDN calls originated from this endpoint. The field does not 
display for voice-only or BRI stations.
When adding an access endpoint with the ITC administered as unrestricted, its 
associated port must be a channel of a DS1 circuit pack with zero code suppression 
administered as b8zs. If the port is not a channel of a DS1 circuit pack with its zero 
code suppression administered as b8zs, the end validation fails and the form 
submission is rejected. Valid 
EntriesData 
Module 
Ty p e sUsage
y/n
Default 
is n.procr-intf
x.25Enter y if the System is responsible for any part of the call 
setup for the link defined by this data module.
If the physical link is through a pair of MPDMs or 
MTDMs, then each switch terminating the link must set 
up a connection between its Processor Interface Data 
Module and MPDM/MTDM.
Enter the opposite value when administering the data 
module for switch at the other end of the connection.
If the link is to be used for ISDN signaling, enter y.
Valid Entries Data Module 
Ty p e sUsage
no entries — information 
onlyprocr-intf
x.25
Valid entries Data Module 
Ty p e sUsage
dte, isnpdm Displays only when Type is pdm and the 
Destination Number is set to eia. Enter dte if 
the data module is connected to Data 
Terminal Equipment (DTE) or enter isn if 
connected to an Information Systems 
Network (ISN).