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HP 5500 Ei 5500 Si Switch Series Configuration Guide

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calculated cost is greater than 65535, the value of 65535 is used. If the calculated cost is less than 
1, the value of 1 is used.  
If the cost value is not configured for an interfac e, OSPF computes the interface cost automatically. 
To configure an OSPF cost for an interface: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter interface view.  interface
 interface-type 
interface-number   N/A
 
3.  Configure an OSPF cost 
for the interface.  ospf cost
 value
  Optional. 
The default cost depends on the interface 
type: 1 for a VLAN interface; 0 for a 
loopback interface; computed according 
to the bandwidth for other interfaces.
 
 
To configure a bandwidth reference value:  
Step Command Remarks 
1.  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name  ] * N/A 
3.
  Configure a bandwidth 
reference value.  bandwidth-reference 
value
  Optional. 
The value defaults to 100 
Mbps.
 
 
Configuring the maximum number of OSPF routes  
Step Command Remarks 
1.  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name ] *  N/A 
3.
  Configure the maximum 
number of OSPF routes.  maximum-routes
 { external | inter |  intra } 
number   Optional. 
The number varies with 
devices.
 
 
Configuring the maximum number of ECMP routes 
Perform this task to implement load sharing over ECMP routes. 
To configure the maximum number of ECMP routes: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A
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Step Command Remarks 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name ] *  N/A 
3.
  Configure the maximum 
number of ECMP routes.  maximum load-balancing
 maximum
  Optional. 
8 by default.
 
 
Configuring OSPF preference 
A router can run multiple routing protocols, and each protocol is assigned a preference. When the 
routing protocols find routes to the same destinatio n, the route found by the protocol with the highest 
preference is selected as the best route. 
To configure OSPF preference: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  
|  vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name  ] * N/A 
3.  Configure a 
preference for OSPF.  preference [ 
ase ] [ route-policy  
route-policy-name  ] value
  Optional. 
By default, the preference of OSPF 
internal routes is 10, and the preference 
of OSPF external routes is 150.
 
 
Configuring OSPF route redistribution 
This section describes configuring OSPF to redistribute manually configured routes or routes discovered 
by other routing protocols.  
Only active routes can be redistributed. Use the  display ip routing-table protocol  c o m m a n d  t o  vi ew  ro u t e  
state information. 
Configuring route redistribution into OSPF 
On a router running OSPF and other routing protocol s, you can configure OSPF to redistribute routes 
from other protocols such as RIP, IS-IS, BGP, static,  and direct routes, and advertise them in Type-5 LSAs 
or Type-7 LSAs.  
By filtering redistributed routes, OSPF translates only  permitted routes into Type-5 LSAs or Type-7 LSAs for 
advertisement. 
To configure OSPF route redistribution: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name  ] * N/A
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Step Command Remarks 
3.  Configure OSPF to 
redistribute routes from 
another protocol.  import-route 
protocol [ process-id  | 
all-processes  |  allow-ibgp  ] [ cost cost  | type  
type  | tag  tag | route-policy 
route-policy-name  ] *
  Not configured by default
4.
  Configure OSPF to filter 
redistributed routes before 
advertisement.  filter-policy 
{ acl-number  | ip-prefix  
ip-prefix-name  } export  [ protocol 
[ process-id  ] ]
  Optional 
Not configured by default
 
Configuring OSPF to redistribute a default route 
Using the import-route
 command cannot redistribute a default external route. To do so, you must use the 
default-route-advertise  command. 
To configure OSPF to redistribute a default external route: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name  ] * N/A 
3.
  Redistribute a default 
route.  default-route-advertise
 [ [ [ always | 
permit-calculate-other  ] | cost cost  | 
route-policy  route-policy-name  |  type  type  ] 
* | summary cost  cost ]  Not redistributed by default. 
The 
default-route-advertise  
summary cost  command is 
applicable only to VPN, and 
the default route is 
redistributed in a Type-3 LSA. 
The PE router advertises the 
default route to the CE router.
 
 
Configuring the default parameters for redistributed routes 
You can configure default parameters, such as the cost , upper limit, tag and type for redistributed routes. 
Tags indicate information related to protocols. For  example, when redistributing BGP routes, OSPF uses 
tags to identify AS IDs. 
To configure the default parameters for redistributed routes: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name  ] * N/A
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Step Command Remarks 
3.  Configure the default 
parameters for 
redistributed routes (cost, 
route number, tag, and 
type).  default 
{ cost  cost  | limit  limit  | tag  tag  | type 
type  } *  Optional. 
The default cost is 1, the 
default maximum number 
of routes redistributed per 
time is 1000, the default 
tag is 1, and default type 
of redistributed routes is 
Type-2.
 
 
Advertising a host route  
Step Command Remarks 
1.  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  
router-id  | vpn-instance  
vpn-instance-name  ] *  N/A 
3.
  Enter area view.  
area area-id N/A 
4.   Advertise a host route. 
host-advertise ip-address cost  Optional. 
Not advertised by default. 
 
Tuning and optimizing OSPF networks 
You can optimize your OSPF network in the following ways: 
•
  Change OSPF packet timers to adjust the OSPF  network convergence speed and network load. On 
low-speed links, consider the delay time for sending LSAs. 
•   Change the SPF calculation interval to reduce resource consumption caused by frequent network 
changes. 
•   Configure OSPF authentication to improve security. 
•   Configure OSPF network management functions, such as binding OSPF MIB with a process, 
sending trap information, and collecting log information. 
Configuration prerequisites 
Before you configure OSPF network optimization, complete the following tasks: 
•  Configure IP addresses for interfaces. 
•   Configure OSPF basic functions. 
Configuring OSPF packet timers 
You can configure the following timers on OSPF interfaces as needed. 
•  Hello timer —Interval for sending hello packets. It must be identical on OSPF neighbors. The longer 
the interval, the lower the convergence speed, and the smaller the network load.
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•  Poll timer —Interval for sending hello packets to a neighbor that is down on the NBMA network. The 
poll interval is at least four times the hello interval. 
•   Dead timer—Interval within which if the interface receives no hello packet from the neighbor, it 
declares the neighbor is down. The  dead interval must be at least four times the hello interval on an 
interface. 
•   LSA retransmission timer —Interval within which if the interface receives no acknowledgement 
packets after sending an LSA to the neighbor, it retr ansmits the LSA. An interval setting that is too 
small can cause unnecessary LSA retransmissions. This interval is typically set bigger than the 
round-trip time of a packet between two neighbors. 
To configure timers for OSPF packets: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter interface 
view.   interface
 interface-type 
interface-number   N/A 
3.
  Specify the hello 
interval.  ospf timer hello
 seconds
  Optional. 
The hello interval defaults to 10 seconds on P2P 
and broadcast interfaces, and defaults to 30 
seconds on P2MP and NBMA interfaces. 
The default hello interval is restored when the 
network type for an interface is changed. 
4.
  Specify the poll 
interval.   ospf timer poll
 seconds
  Optional. 
The poll interval defaults to 120 seconds.
 
5.  Specify the dead 
interval.  ospf timer dead
 seconds
  Optional. 
The default dead interval is 40 seconds on P2P 
and broadcast interfaces and 120 seconds on 
P2MP and NBMA interfaces. 
The default dead interval is restored when the 
network type for an interface is changed.
 
6.  Specify the 
retransmission 
interval.  ospf timer retransmit
 interval
 Optional. 
The retransmission interval defaults to 5 
seconds.
 
 
Specifying LSA transmission delay 
Each LSA in the LSDB has an age that is incremen ted by 1 every second, but the age does not change 
during transmission. It is necessary to add a transmissi on delay into the age time especially for low-speed 
links. 
To specify the LSA transmission delay on an interface: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter interface view.  interface
 interface-type 
interface-number   N/A
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Step Command Remarks 
3.  Specify the LSA transmission 
delay.   ospf trans-delay
 seconds
  Optional. 
1 second by default.
 
 
Specifying SPF calculation interval 
LSDB changes lead to SPF calculations. When the topology changes frequently, a large amount of 
network and router resources are occupied by SPF calculation. Adjust the SPF calculation interval to 
reduce the impact.  
When network changes are not frequent, the  minimum-interval is adopted. If network changes become 
frequent, the SPF calculation interval is incremented by  incremental-interval × 2n-2 (n is the number of 
calculation times) each time a calculation occurs until the  maximum-interval is reached. 
To configure SPF calculation interval: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name  ] * N/A 
3.
  Specify the SPF 
calculation interval.  spf-schedule-interval 
maximum-interval 
[ minimum-interval  
[ incremental-interval  ] ]
  Optional. 
By default, the interval is 5 
seconds.
 
 
Specifying the LSA arrival interval 
After receiving the same LSA as the previously received  LSA within the LSA arrival interval, OSPF discards 
the LSA.  
To configure the LSA arrival interval: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name ] *
 N/A
 
3.  Configure the LSA arrival 
interval.   lsa-arrival-interval
 interval
  Optional. 
1000 milliseconds by default.
 
Make sure this interval is 
smaller than or equal to the 
interval set with the
 
lsa-generation-interval 
command.  
 
Specifying the LSA generation interval 
You can adjust the LSA generation interval to protect network resources and routers from being over 
consumed by frequent network changes.
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When network changes are not frequent, LSAs are generated at the  minimum-interval. If network 
changes become frequent, the LSA generation interval is incremented by  incremental-interval × 2n-2 (n 
is the number of generation times) each time a LSA generation occurs until the  maximum-interval is 
reached. 
To configure the LSA generation interval: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name  ] * N/A 
3.
  Configure the LSA 
generation interval.  lsa-generation-interval
 
maximum-interval  [ initial-interval 
[ incremental-interval  ] ]
  Optional. 
By default, the maximum interval is 5 
seconds, the minimum interval is 0 
milliseconds, and the incremental 
interval is 5000 milliseconds.
 
 
Disabling interfaces from receiving and sending OSPF packets 
Follow these guidelines when you disable interf aces from receiving and sending OSPF packets: 
•   Different OSPF processes can disable the same in terface from receiving and sending OSPF packets. 
The  silent-interface  command disables only the interfaces as sociated with the current process rather 
than interfaces associated with other processes. 
•   After an OSPF interface is set to  silent, other interfaces on the router can advertise direct routes of 
the interface in Router LSAs, but the interface  cannot send any packet. This configuration can 
enhance OSPF adaptability and reduce resource consumption. 
To disable interfaces from receivin g and sending routing information: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  
|  vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name  ] * N/A 
3.  Disable interfaces from 
receiving and sending 
OSPF packets.   silent-interface { interface-type
 
interface-number  |  all  }
  Optional. 
Not disabled by default.
 
 
Configuring stub routers 
A stub router is used for traffic control. It tells other OSPF routers to not use it to forward data. 
The Router LSAs from the stub router may contain different link type values. A value of 3 means a link to 
a stub network, and the cost of the link will not be  changed. A value of 1, 2, or 4 means a point-to-point 
link, a link to a transit network, or a virtual link. On such links, a maximum cost value of 65535 is used. 
Thus, neighbors find that the links to the stub router have large costs that they will not send packets to the 
stub router for forwarding as long as an other route with a smaller cost exists.  
To configure a router as a stub router:
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Step Command Remarks 
1.  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name  ] * N/A 
3.
  Configure the router as a 
stub router.  stub-router  By default, the router is not a stub 
router in any OSPF process.
 
 
Configuring OSPF authentication 
You can configure OSPF packet authentication to ensure the security of packet exchanges.  
After authentication is configured, OSPF only receives packets that pass authentication. Failed packets 
cannot establish neighboring relationships.  
To configure OSPF authentication, you must configure the same area authentication mode on all the 
routers in the area. In addition, the authentication mo de and password for all interfaces attached to the 
same area must be identical. 
To configure OSPF authentication: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name ] *  N/A 
3.
  Enter area view. 
area area-id  N/A  
4.  Configure the authentication 
mode.  authentication-mode
 { md5 | simple  }
  Not configured by 
default.
 
5.  Return to OSPF view. 
quit  N/A 
6.  Return to system view. 
quit  N/A 
7.  Enter interface view. 
interface interface-type interface-number N/A  
8.  Configure interface 
authentication mode. 
• Configure the simple authentication 
mode: 
ospf authentication-mode simple  [ cipher 
|  plain  ] password 
• Configure the MD5 authentication mode: 
ospf authentication-mode  { hmac-md5 | 
md5  } key-id  [ cipher  | plain  ] password  Use either approach. 
Not configured by 
default.
 
 
Adding the interface MTU into DD packets 
By default, an interface adds 0 into  the interface MTU field of a DD packet to be sent rather than the 
interface MTU. You can enable an interface to add its MTU into DD packets. 
To add the interface MTU into DD packets: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A
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Step Command Remarks 
2.  Enter interface view.  interface
 interface-type 
interface-number   N/A
 
3.  Enable the interface to add its 
MTU into DD packets.  ospf mtu-enable  Optional. 
Not enabled by default.
 
 
Configuring the maximum number of external LSAs in LSDB  
Step Command Remarks 
1.  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name ] *  N/A 
3.
  Specify the maximum number 
of external LSAs in the LSDB.  lsdb-overflow-limit
 number
  Optional. 
Not specified by 
default.
 
 
Enabling compatibility with RFC 1583 
RFC 1583 specifies a different method than RFC 2328  for selecting an external route from multiple LSAs. 
If RFC 1583 is made compatible with RFC 2328, the  routes in the backbone area are preferred; if not, 
the routes in the non-backbone area are preferred to reduce the burden of the backbone area.  
To avoid routing loops, HP recommends configuring all the routers to be either compatible or 
incompatible with RFC 1583. 
To make them compatible: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name  ] * N/A 
3.
  Enable compatibility 
with RFC 1583.  rfc1583 compatible  Optional. 
Enabled by default. 
 
Logging neighbor state changes  
Step Command Remarks 
1.
  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name ] *  N/A 
3.
  Enable the logging of 
neighbor state changes.  log-peer-change  Optional. 
Enabled by default.
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Configuring OSPF network management 
With trap generation enabled, OSPF generates traps to report important events. Traps fall into the 
following levels. 
•  Level-3 —Fault traps 
•   Level-4 —Alarm traps  
•   Level-5 —Normal but important traps 
•   Level-6 —Notification traps 
The generated traps are sent to the information center of the device. The output rules of the traps such as 
whether to output the traps and the output direction  are determined according to the information center 
configuration. (For information center configuration, see  Network Management and Monitoring 
Configuration Guide .) 
To configure OSPF network management: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Bind OSPF MIB to an 
OSPF process.  ospf mib-binding
 process-id
  Optional. 
By default, the OSPF process with 
the smallest 
process-id is bound 
with OSPF MIB. 
3.   Enable OSPF trap 
generation.   snmp-agent trap enable ospf
 [ process-id  ] 
[ ifauthfail  | ifcfgerror  | ifrxbadpkt  | 
ifstatechange  | iftxretransmit  | 
lsdbapproachoverflow  | lsdboverflow  | 
maxagelsa  | nbrstatechange | originatelsa  
|  vifcfgerror  | virifauthfail  | virifrxbadpkt  
|  virifstatechange  | viriftxretransmit  | 
virnbrstatechange  ] *  Optional. 
Enabled by default. 
 
Enabling message logging  
Step Command Remarks 
1.
  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter OSPF view.  ospf 
[ process-id  | router-id  router-id  | 
vpn-instance  vpn-instance-name  ] *  N/A 
3.
  Enable message 
logging.   enable log
 [ config | error  | state  ]
  Not enabled by default. 
 
Enabling the advertisement and reception of opaque LSAs  
With this feature enabled, OSPF can receive and advertise Type 9, Type 10, and Type 1
1 opaque LSAs. 
To enable the advertisement and reception of opaque LSAs:
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