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HP 5500 Ei 5500 Si Switch Series Configuration Guide

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Step Command Remarks 
1.  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enable dynamic 
domain name 
resolution.  dns resolve 
Disabled by default. 
3.  Specify a DNS server.  dns server
 ipv6  ipv6-address 
[ interface-type interface-number  ] 
Not specified by default. 
If the IPv6 address of a DNS server is a 
link-local address, you must specify the 
interface-type and interface-number  
arguments. 
4.   Configure a DNS 
suffix.  dns domain 
domain-name  Optional. 
Not configured by default. Only the 
provided domain name is resolved. 
 
Setting the DSCP value for IPv6 DNS packets 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.
  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Set the DSCP value for 
IPv6 DNS packets.  dns ipv6 dscp 
dscp-value  Optional. 
By default, the DSCP value in IPv6 
DNS packets is 0. 
 
Displaying and maintaining IPv6 DNS 
 
Task Command 
Remarks 
Display the static IPv6 domain 
name resolution table. display ipv6 host [ |
 { begin | exclude | include  } 
regular-expression  ]  Available in any 
view 
Display IPv6 DNS server 
information. display
 dns ipv6 server  [ dynamic  ] [ | { begin  | 
exclude  | include  } regular-expression ]  Available in any 
view 
Display DNS suffixes. 
display
 dns domain  [ dynamic ] [ | { begin |  exclude 
|  include  } regular-expression  ]  Available in any 
view 
Display information about 
dynamic IPv6 domain name 
cache.  display dns host ipv6
 [ | { begin | exclude  | include  } 
regular-expression  ]  Available in any 
view 
Clear information about 
dynamic IPv6 domain name 
cache. 
reset dns host ipv6 
Available in user 
view
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Static domain name resolution configuration 
example 
Network requirements 
As shown in Figure 73, t h e  d evic e  wa nt s  to  a c c e ss  t h e  hos t  by  us i n g  a n  e asy - to - re m e mb e r  d o m a i n  n a m e  
rather than an IPv6 address. Configure static domain name resolution on the device so that the device 
can use the domain name host.com to access the host whose IPv6 address is 1::2. 
Figure 73  Network diagram 
 
 
Configuration procedure 
# Configure a mapping between host name host.com and IPv6 address 1::2. 
 system-view 
[Device] ipv6 host host.com 1::2 
# Enable IPv6 packet forwarding. 
[Device] ipv6 
# Use the ping ipv6 host.com command to verify that the device can use static domain name resolution 
to resolve domain name host.com into IPv6 address 1::2. 
[Device] ping ipv6 host.com 
  PING host.com (1::2): 
  56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break 
    Reply from 1::2 
    bytes=56 Sequence=1 hop limit=128  time = 3 ms 
    Reply from 1::2 
    bytes=56 Sequence=2 hop limit=128  time = 1 ms 
    Reply from 1::2 
    bytes=56 Sequence=3 hop limit=128  time = 1 ms 
    Reply from 1::2 
    bytes=56 Sequence=4 hop limit=128  time = 2 ms 
    Reply from 1::2 
    bytes=56 Sequence=5 hop limit=128  time = 2 ms 
  --- host.com ping statistics --- 
    5 packet(s) transmitted 
    5 packet(s) received 
    0.00% packet loss 
    round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/3 ms
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Dynamic domain name resolution configuration 
example 
Network requirements 
As shown in Figure 74, the  device  wants  to  ac c ess  the  host by us i ng  an e asy- to - remember  domai n n ame  
rather than an IPv6 address. The IPv6 address of th e DNS server is 2::2/64 and the server has a com 
domain, which stores the mapping between domain name host and IPv6 address 1::1/64. 
Configure dynamic domain name resolution and the do main name suffix com on the device that serves 
as a DNS client so that the device can use domain name host to access the host with the domain name 
host.com and the IPv6 address 1::1/64. 
Figure 74  Network diagram 
 
 
Configuration procedure 
Before performing the following configuration, make sure that the device and the host are accessible to 
each other via available routes, and the IPv6 addresses of the interfaces are configured as shown Figure 
74 . 
T

his configuration may vary with DNS servers. The following configuration is performed on a PC running 
Windows Server 2003. Make sure that the DNS server supports the IPv6 DNS function so that the server 
can process IPv6 DNS packets, and the interfaces of the DNS server can forward IPv6 packets. 
1.  Configure the DNS server: 
a. Select  Start > Programs  > Administrative Tools  > DNS .  
The DNS server configuration page appears, as shown in  Figure 75. 
b. Right-click  Forward Lookup Zones , select New Zone, and then follow the instructions to create 
a new zone named  com.
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Figure 75 Creating a zone 
 
 
c. On the DNS server configuration page, right-click zone  com and select  Other New Records . 
Figure 76  Creating a record 
 
 
d. On the page that appears, select  IPv6 Host (AAAA) as the resource record type, and click 
Create Record .
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Figure 77 Selecting the resource record type 
 
 
e. On the page that appears, enter host name  host and IPv6 address  1::1.  
f. Click  OK. 
The mapping between the IP address and host name is created.
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Figure 78 Adding a mapping between do main name and IPv6 address 
 
 
2. Configure the DNS client: 
# Enable dynamic domain name resolution. 
 system-view 
[Device] dns resolve 
# Specify the DNS server 2::2. 
[Device] dns server ipv6 2::2 
# Configure com as the DNS suffix. 
[Device] dns domain com 
Verifying the configuration 
# Use the  ping ipv6 host  command on the device to verify that the communication between the device 
and the host is normal and that the corresponding destination IP address is 1::1. 
[Device] ping ipv6 host 
 Trying DNS resolve, press CTRL_C to break 
 Trying DNS server (2::2) 
  PING host.com (1::1): 
  56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break 
    Reply from 1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=1 hop limit=126  time = 2 ms 
    Reply from 1::1
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    bytes=56 Sequence=2 hop limit=126  time = 1 ms 
    Reply from 1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=3 hop limit=126  time = 1 ms 
    Reply from 1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=4 hop limit=126  time = 1 ms 
    Reply from 1::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=5 hop limit=126  time = 1 ms 
 
  --- host.com ping statistics --- 
    5 packet(s) transmitted 
    5 packet(s) received 
    0.00% packet loss 
    round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/2 ms
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Configuring tunneling(only available on the HP 
5500 EI) 
Overview 
Tunneling is an encapsulation technology: one network protocol encapsulates packets of another 
network protocol and transfers them over a virtual point-to-point connection. The virtual connection is 
called a tunnel. Packets are encapsulated and de-encapsulated at both ends of a tunnel. Tunneling refers 
to the whole process from data encapsulation to data transfer to data de-encapsulation. 
Tunneling provides the following features: 
•   Transition techniques, such as IPv6 over IPv4 tu nneling, to interconnect IPv4 and IPv6 networks. 
•   Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) for guaranteeing communication security, such as IPv4 over IPv4 
tunneling, IPv4/IPv6 over IPv6 tunneling, Generi c Routing Encapsulation (GRE), Dynamic Virtual 
Private Network (DVPN), and IPsec tunneling. 
•   Traffic engineering, such as Multiprotocol Label Switching traffic engineering (MPLS TE) to prevent 
network congestion. 
Unless otherwise specified, the term tunnel used throughout this chapter refers to an IPv6 over IPv4, 
IPv4 over IPv4, IPv4 over IPv6, or IPv6 over IPv6 tunnel. 
IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling 
Implementation 
IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling adds an IPv4  header to IPv6 data packets so that IPv6 packets can pass an IPv4 
network through a tunnel to realize internetworking between isolated IPv6 networks, as shown in  Figure 
79 . T

he IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel can be  established between two hosts, a host and a device, or two devices. 
The tunnel destination node can forward IPv6 packets  if it is not the destination of the IPv6 packets. 
The devices at both ends of an IPv6 over IPv4  tunnel must support the IPv4/IPv6 dual stack. 
Figure 79  IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel 
 
 
The IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel processes packets in the following ways. 
1. A host in the IPv6 network sends an IPv6  packet to Device A at the tunnel source.
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2.
 
After determining from the routing table that the  packet needs to be forwarded through the tunnel, 
Device A encapsulates the IPv6 packet with an IPv4 header and forwards it through the physical 
interface of the tunnel. 
3.  Upon receiving the packet, Device  B de-encapsulates the packet. 
4. Device B forwards the packet according to the destination address in the de-encapsulated IPv6 
packet. If the destination address is the device it self, Device B forwards the IPv6 packet to the 
upper-layer protocol for processing. 
Tunnel types 
Depending on how the IPv4 address of the tunnel dest ination is acquired, IPv6 over IPv4 tunnels are 
divided into the following types: 
•   Manually configured tunnel —The destination address of the tunnel cannot be automatically 
acquired through the destination IPv6 address of an IPv6 packet at the tunnel source, and must be 
manually configured. 
•   Automatic tunnel—The destination address of the tunnel is an IPv6 address with an IPv4 address 
embedded, and the IPv4 address can be automatically acquired through the destination IPv6 
address of an IPv6 packet at the tunnel source. 
Table 10  IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel modes and key parameters 
Tunnel type  Tunnel mode  Tunnel source/destination 
address
 
Tunnel interface 
address t
ype 
Manually 
configured tunnel IPv6 manual tunneling  The source/destination IP address is 
a manually configured IPv4 address.  IPv6 address 
Automatic tunnel 6to4 tunneling 
The source IP address is a manually 
configured IPv4 address. The 
destination IP address does not need 
to be configured.  6to4 address, in the 
format of 
2002:IPv4-source-addr
ess::/48 
Intra-site automatic 
tunnel addressing 
protocol (ISATAP) 
tunneling The source IP address is a manually 
configured IPv4 address. The 
destination IP address does not need 
to be configured.  ISATAP address, in the 
format of 
Prefix:0:5EFE:IPv4-sour
ce-address/64 
 
According to the way an IPv6 packet is encapsulated, IPv6 over IPv4 tunnels are divided into the 
following modes: 
•
  IPv6 manual tunneling 
A manually configured tunnel is a point-to-point  link. Each link is a separate tunnel. IPv6 manual 
tunnels are mainly used to provide stable connections for regular secure communication between 
border routers or between border routers and  hosts for access to remote IPv6 networks. 
•   6to4 tunneling 
An automatic 6to4 tunnel is a point-to-multipoint  tunnel mainly constructed between edge routers, 
and is used to connect multiple  isolated IPv6 networks over an IPv4 network to remote IPv6 
networks. The embedded IPv4 addre ss in an IPv6 address is used to automatically acquire the 
destination IPv4 address of the tunnel.  
The automatic 6to4 tunnel adopts 6to4 addresse s. The address format is 2002:abcd:efgh:subnet 
number::interface ID/64, where 2002 represents  the fixed IPv6 address prefix, and abcd:efgh 
represents the 32-bit globally un ique source IPv4 address of the 6to4 tunnel, in hexadecimal
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notation. For example, 1.1.1.1 can be represented by 0101:0101. The part that follows 
2002:abcd:efgh uniquely identifies a host in a 6to4 network. The tunnel destination is 
automatically determined by the  embedded IPv4 address, which make s it easy to create a 6to4 
tunnel. 
The tunnel can forward IPv6 packets because the 16 -bit subnet number of the 64-bit address prefix 
in 6to4 addresses can be customized and the firs t 48 bits in the address prefix are fixed to a 
permanent value and the IPv4 address of  the tunnel source or destination. 
Figure 80  6to4 tunnel 
 
  
•   ISATAP tunneling 
An ISATAP tunnel is a point-to-multipoint auto matic tunnel. The destination of a tunnel can 
automatically be acquired from the embedded IP v4 address in the destination address of an IPv6 
packet.  
When an ISATAP tunnel is used, the destinatio n address of an IPv6 packet and the IPv6 address 
of a tunnel interface both adopt special ISATAP addresses. The ISATAP address format is 
prefix(64bit):0:5EFE:abcd:efgh. The 64-bit prefix is  the prefix of a valid IPv6 unicast address, but 
abcd:efgh is a 32-bit source IPv4 address in hex adecimal, which might not be globally unique. 
Through the embedded IPv4 address, an ISATAP tu nnel can be automatically created to transfer 
IPv6 packets.  
The ISATAP tunnel is mainly used for communicat ion between IPv6 routers or between a host and 
an IPv6 router over an IPv4 network. 
Figure 81  Principle of ISATAP tunneling 
 
 
Protocols and standards 
•  RFC 1853,  IP in IP Tunneling  
•   RFC 2473,  Generic Packet Tunneling in IPv6 Specification  
•   RFC 2893,  Transition Mechanisms for IPv6 Hosts and Routers 
•   RFC 3056,  Connection of IPv6 Domains via IPv4 Clouds  
•   RFC 4214,  Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP)  
Tunneling configuration task list 
 
IPv4 network6to4 network
Site 16to4 networkSite 2
6to4 tunnelDevice A Device B
6to4 router
6to4 router
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