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HP 5500 Ei 5500 Si Switch Series Configuration Guide

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Multicast data abnormally terminated on an intermediate router ··················\
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RPs cannot join SPT in PIM-SM ··················\
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RPT establishment failure or source  registration failure in PIM-SM ··················\
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Configuring MSDP (available only on the HP 5500 EI)  ··················\
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Overview ··················\
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How MSDP works ··················\
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MSDP support for VPNs  ··················\
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Protocols and standards ··················\
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MSDP configuration task list ··················\
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· 194 
Configuring basic MSDP functions  ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Enabling MSDP ··················\
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Creating an MSDP peer connection ··················\
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Configuring a static RPF peer ··················\
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Configuring an MSDP  peer connection ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring MSDP p eer description··················\
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Configuring an MS DP mesh group ··················\
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· 197 
Configuring MSDP peer  connection control ··················\
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Configuring SA messages  related parameters ·················\
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··· 199 
Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring SA me ssage content ··················\
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Configuring SA request messages  ··················\
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Configuring SA message filtering rules ··················\
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Configuring the SA cache mechanism ··················\
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 201 
Displaying and maintaining MSDP ··················\
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MSDP configuration examples  ··················\
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PIM-SM Inter-domain multicast configuration ··················\
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Inter-AS multicast configuration by  leveraging static RPF peers ··················\
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Anycast RP configuration ··················\
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SA message filtering configuration  ··················\
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Troubleshooting MSDP ··················\
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MSDP peers stay in down state ··················\
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No SA entries in the switch’s SA cache  ··················\
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  219 
Inter-RP communication faults in Anycast RP application ··················\
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Configuring MBGP (available  only on the HP 5500 EI) ··················\
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MBGP overview  ··················\
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Protocols and standards ··················\
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MBGP configuration task list  ··················\
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Configuring basic MBGP functions ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuration procedure ··················\
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Controlling route advertisement and reception  ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring MBGP route redistribution  ··················\
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·  223 
Configuring default route redistribution into MBGP ··················\
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Configuring MBGP ro ute summarization ··················\
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Advertising a default route to an  IPv4 MBGP peer or peer group ·················\
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Configuring outbound MBGP route filtering  ··················\
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Configuring inbound MBGP route filtering ··················\
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Configuring MBGP  route dampening ··················\
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Configuring MBGP ro ute attributes ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring MBGP route preferences ··················\
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· 228 
Configuring the defaul t local preference ··················\
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Configuring the  MED attribute ··················\
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Configuring the next hop attribute  ··················\
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Configuring the AS-PATH attributes ··················\
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Tuning and optimizing MBGP networks ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring MBGP soft reset  ··················\
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  230 
Enabling the MBGP ORF capability ··················\
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·· 231 
Configuring the maximum number of  MBGP routes for load balancing ··················\
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·  232 
Configuring a large scale MBGP network ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring IPv4 MBGP peer  groups·················\
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 233 
Configuring MBGP  community ··················\
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Configuring an MBGP route re flector ··················\
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Displaying and ma intaining MBGP ··················\
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Displaying MBGP ··················\
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Resetting MBGP connections  ··················\
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  236 
Clearing MBGP information ··················\
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·  236 
MBGP configurat ion example··················\
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Configuring MLD snooping ··················\
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Overview ··················\
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Basic concepts in MLD snooping ··················\
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How MLD snoopi ng works ··················\
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MLD snooping proxying ··················\
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Protocols and standards ··················\
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MLD snooping configur ation task list ··················\
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Configuring basic MLD  snooping functions ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Enabling MLD snooping ··················\
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Specifying the versio n of MLD snooping ··················\
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 248 
Configuring IPv6 static multicast MAC address entries  ··················\
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Configuring MLD snooping port functions ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring aging timers  for dynamic ports ··················\
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Configuring static ports  ··················\
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Configuring a port as a simulated member host ··················\
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Enabling fast-leave processing  ··················\
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Disabling a port from becoming a dynamic router port ··················\
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Configuring MLD sn ooping querier ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Enabling MLD snoop ing querier ··················\
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····· 253 
Configuring parameters for  MLD queries and responses ··················\
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·· ····· 254 
Configuring the source IPv6  addresses for MLD queries ··················\
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· ······· 255 
Configuring MLD snoo ping proxying ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Enabling MLD snoop ing proxying ··················\
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··· 255 
Configuring the source IPv6 addresses for the MLD messages sent  by the proxy ·················\
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····  256 
Configuring an MLD snooping policy  ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring an IPv6 mu lticast group filter ··················\
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·· 256 
Configuring IPv6 multicas t source port filtering ··················\
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Enabling dropping unknow n IPv6 multicast data ··················\
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Configuring MLD repo rt suppression ··················\
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·· 259 
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Setting the maximum number of multicast groups that a port can join ··················\
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···  259 
Enabling IPv6 multicast group replacement ··················\
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Setting the 802.1p preced ence for MLD messages ··················\
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Configuring an IPv6 multicast user control policy  ··················\
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··  261 
Enabling the MLD snooping host tracking function ··················\
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Setting the DSCP valu e for MLD messages ··················\
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Displaying and maintaining MLD snooping  ··················\
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··  263 
MLD snooping configuration examples ··················\
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IPv6 group policy and simulated joining configuration example ··················\
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Static port config uration example ··················\
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MLD snooping querier configuration example  ··················\
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MLD snooping proxying configuration example ··················\
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····  271 
IPv6 multicast source and user control policy configuration example ··················\
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····· 274 
Troubleshooting  MLD snooping ··················\
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Layer 2 multicast forwardi ng cannot function ··················\
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·········· ················ 279 
Configured IPv6 multicast group po licy fails to take effect ··················\
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Appendix ··················\
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Processing of IPv6 multicast protocol messages  ··················\
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·····  279 
Configuring IPv6 PIM snooping ··················\
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Overview ··················\
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····  281 
Configuring IPv6 PIM snooping ··················\
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····  282 
Displaying and maintaining IPv6 PIM snooping ··················\
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·· 283 
IPv6 PIM snooping configuration example  ··················\
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····  283 
Troubleshooting IPv6 PIM snooping ··················\
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IPv6 PIM snooping  does not work ··················\
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···· 286 
Some downstream IPv6 PIM-capable rout ers cannot receive multicast data ··················\
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············  286 
Configuring IPv6 multicast VLANs ··················\
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········· 287 
Overview ··················\
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IPv6 multicast VLAN configuration task list ··················\
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Configuring a sub-VLAN-based IPv6 multicast VLAN ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuration guidelines ··················\
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Configuration procedure ··················\
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Configuring a port-based IPv6 multicast VLAN ··················\
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···· 290 
Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring user port attributes ··················\
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········· 290 
Configuring IPv6 mult icast VLAN ports ··················\
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·· 291 
Displaying and maintainin g IPv6 multicast VLAN ··················\
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·· 292 
IPv6 multicast VLAN configuration examples  ··················\
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  292 
Sub-VLAN-based multicast VLAN configuration example ··················\
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··· ···· 292 
Port-based multicast VLAN  configuration example ··················\
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······· ··········· 296 
Configuring IPv6 multicast routing and forwar ding  (available only on the HP 5500 EI) ··················\
··············· 300 
Overview ··················\
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····  300 
RPF check mechanism ··················\
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Configuration task list ··················\
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······· 302 
Enabling IPv6 multicast routing  ··················\
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·····  303 
Configuring IPv6 multicast routing and forwarding ··················\
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····· ··················\
·· 303 
Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring an IPv6 mult icast routing policy ··················\
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·········· ················· 303 
Configuring an IPv6 multicast forwarding range  ··················\
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···  303 
Configuring the IPv6 multicast forwarding table size ··················\
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·············· 304 
Displaying and maintaining IPv6 multicast routing and forwarding ··················\
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········ ········ 305 
Troubleshooting IPv6 multicast policy co nfiguration ··················\
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··· ··················\
··· 306 
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Abnormal termination of IPv6 multicast data ··················\
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··········· ················ 306 
Configuring MLD (available  only on the HP 5500 EI) ··················\
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···· ············· 308 
Overview  ··················\
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····  308 
MLD versions ··················\
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·· 308 
How MLDv1 works ··················\
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How MLDv2 works ··················\
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············· 310 
MLD messages ··················\
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················· 311 
MLD SSM mapping ··················\
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············ 314 
MLD proxying ··················\
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 315 
Protocols and standards ··················\
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············ 315 
MLD configuration task list ··················\
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··· 316 
Configuring basic MLD functions ··················\
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·············· 316 
Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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··········· 316 
Enabling MLD ··················\
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 317 
Configuring the MLD version ··················\
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········ 317 
Configuring static joining ··················\
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············· 318 
Configuring an IPv6 mu lticast group filter ··················\
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·· 318 
Setting the maximum number of IPv6 multic ast groups that an interface can join ··················\
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···  319 
Adjusting MLD performance ··················\
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················ 319 
Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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··········· 319 
Configuring MLD me ssage options ··················\
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·· 319 
Configuring MLD query and response parameters  ··················\
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  320 
Configuring MLD fast-leave processing ··················\
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················· ··················\
· 323 
Enabling the MLD host  tracking function ··················\
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··············· ··················\
· 323 
Setting the DSCP valu e for MLD messages ··················\
··················\
··················\
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··············· ················ 324 
Configuring MLD SSM mapping ··················\
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········· ··················\
··········· 324 
Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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········· ··················\
··········· 324 
Enabling MLD SSM mapping  ··················\
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·················  324 
Configuring MLD SSM mappings ··················\
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·· 325 
Configuring ML D proxying ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Enabling MLD proxying ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 multicast forwardi ng on a downstream interface ··················\
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Displaying and maintaining MLD ··················\
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MLD configuration examples ··················\
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Basic MLD functions configuration example  ··················\
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MLD SSM mapping configuration example ··················\
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MLD proxying configuration example  ··················\
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Troubleshooting MLD ··················\
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No member information on the receiver-side router  ··················\
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Inconsistent memberships on routers on the same subnet ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 PIM (availabl e only on the HP 5500  EI) ·················\
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 ··········· 337 
Overview  ··················\
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IPv6 PIM-DM overview ··················\
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IPv6 PIM-SM overview ··················\
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IPv6 BIDIR-PIM overview ··················\
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IPv6 administrative  scoping overview ··················\
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··· 349 
IPv6 PIM-SSM overview ··················\
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Relationships among IP v6 PIM protocols ··················\
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 353 
Protocols and  standards ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 PIM-DM  ··················\
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IPv6 PIM-DM configuration task list ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Enabling IPv6 PIM-DM ··················\
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Enabling state-refr esh capability ··················\
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Configuring state refresh parameters ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 PIM-DM graft retr y period ··················\
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Configuring IP v6 PIM-SM ··················\
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· 356 
IPv6 PIM-SM configuration task list  ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Enabling IPv6 PIM-SM  ··················\
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Configuring an RP ··················\
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Configuring a BSR ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 administrative scoping ··················\
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· 363 
Configuring IPv6 multicas t source registration ··················\
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Disabling SPT switchover  ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 BIDIR-PIM ··················\
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· 366 
IPv6 BIDIR-PIM configuration task list ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Enabling IPv6 PIM-SM  ··················\
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Enabling IPv6 BIDIR-PIM ··················\
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Configuring an RP ··················\
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Configuring a BSR ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 administrative scoping ··················\
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· 372 
Configuring IP v6 PIM-SSM ··················\
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 373 
IPv6 PIM-SSM configura tion task list ··················\
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····· 373 
Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Enabling IPv6 PIM-SM  ··················\
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Configuring the IPv6 SSM group range ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 PIM  common features ··················\
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IPv6 PIM common feature co nfiguration task list ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring an IPv6 multicast data filter  ··················\
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Configuring a hello message filter ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 PI M hello options ··················\
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Configuring the  prune delay ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 PI M common timers ··················\
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· 379 
Configuring join/pru ne message sizes ··················\
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· 380 
Configuring IPv6 PIM to work with BFD  ··················\
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  381 
Setting the DSCP value for IPv6 PIM messages ··················\
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Displaying and maintaining IPv6 PIM ··················\
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IPv6 PIM configuration examples ··················\
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IPv6 PIM-DM configuration example ··················\
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·· 383 
IPv6 PIM-SM non-scoped zo ne configuration example ··················\
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IPv6 PIM-SM admin-scope zo ne configuration example ··················\
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IPv6 BIDIR-PIM conf iguration example ··················\
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·· 403 
IPv6 PIM-SSM config uration example ··················\
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· 408 
Troubleshooting IPv6  PIM configuration ··················\
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Failure to build a multicast  distribution tree correctly ··················\
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IPv6 multicast data abnormally termin ated on an intermediate router ··················\
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RPS cannot join SPT in IPv6 PIM-SM ··················\
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RPT establishment failure or source regi stration failure in IPv6 PIM-SM ··················\
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· · 412 
Configuring IPv6 MBGP (availabl e only on the HP 5500 EI) ··················\
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IPv6 MBGP  overview ··················\
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Configuring basic IPv6 MBGP functions  ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring an IP v6 MBGP peer ··················\
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···· 415 
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Configuring a preferred value for routes from a peer or a peer group ··················\
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Controlling route distribution and reception ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Injecting a local IPv6 MBGP route  ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 MBGP route redistribution ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 MBGP  route summarization ··················\
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Advertising a default route to  a peer or peer group ··················\
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Configuring outbound IPv6  MBGP route filtering ··················\
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Configuring inbound IPv6  MBGP route filtering ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 MBGP  route dampening ··················\
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················· ·············· 419 
Configuring IPv6 MBGP route attributes  ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 MBGP route preferences  ··················\
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Configuring the default local preference ··················\
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·· 420 
Configuring the  MED attribute ··················\
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Configuring the next hop attribute  ··················\
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Configuring the as_path attribute ··················\
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Tuning and optimizing IPv6 MBGP networks  ··················\
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  422 
Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring IPv6 MB GP soft reset ··················\
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Enabling the IPv6 MBGP  orf capability ··················\
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· 423 
Configuring the maximum number of eq ual-cost routes for load-balancing ··················\
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Configuring a large scale IPv6 MBGP network ··················\
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Configuration prerequisites ··················\
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Configuring an IPv6  MBGP peer group ··················\
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· ················ 425 
Configuring IPv6  MBGP community ··················\
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· 425 
Configuring an IPv6 MB GP route reflector ··················\
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Displaying and mainta ining IPv6 MBGP ··················\
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Displaying IPv6 MBGP  ··················\
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Resetting IPv6 MBGP connections ··················\
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Clearing IPv6 MB GP information ··················\
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IPv6 MBGP configuration example ··················\
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Index ··················\
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    							1 
Multicast overview 
Introduction to multicast 
As a technique that coexists with unicast and broadcast, the multicast technique effectively addresses the 
issue of point-to-multipoint data transmission. By enabling high-efficiency point-to-multipoint data 
transmission over a network, multicast greatly saves network bandwidth and reduces network load. 
By using multicast technology, a network operator can easily provide new value-added services, such as 
live webcasting, web TV, distance learning, telemedi cine, web radio, real time video conferencing, and 
other bandwidth-critical and time-critical information services.  
The term router  in this document refers to both routers and Layer 3 switches.  
Unless otherwise stated, the term multicast in  this document refers to IP multicast.  
Information transmission techniques  
The information transmission techniques include unicast, broadcast, and multicast. 
Unicast  
In unicast transmission, the information source must send a separate copy of information to each host that 
needs the information.  
Figure 1 Unicast transmission 
 
 
In Figure 1 , assume that Host B, Host D and Host E need the information. A separate transmission channel 
must be established from the informatio n source to each of these hosts.  
Source Receiver
Receiver
Receiver Host A
Host B
Host C
Host D
Host E
Packets for Host B
Packets for Host D
Packets for Host E
IP network
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    							2 
In unicast transmission, the traffic transmitted over the network is proportional to the number of hosts that 
need the information. If a large number of hosts need the information, the information source must send 
a separate copy of the same information to each of these hosts. Sending many copies can place a 
tremendous pressure on the information source and the network bandwidth.  
Unicast is not suitable for batch transmission of information. 
Broadcast 
In broadcast transmission, the information source sends information to all hosts on the subnet, even if 
some hosts do not need the information.  
Figure 2 Broadcast transmission 
 
 
In Figure 2 , assume that only Host B, Host D, and Host E need the information. If the information is 
broadcast to the subnet, Host A and Host C also receive it. In addition to information security issues, 
broadcasting to hosts that do not need the information also causes traffic floodi ng on the same subnet.  
Broadcast is disadvantageous in transmitting data to  specific hosts. Moreover, broadcast transmission is 
a significant waste of network resources.  
Multicast 
Unicast and broadcast techniques cannot provide  point-to-multipoint data transmissions with the 
minimum network consumption.  
Multicast transmission can solve this problem. When some hosts on the network need multicast 
information, the information sender, or multicast source, sends only one copy of the information. 
Multicast distribution trees are built through multicast routing protocols, and the packets are replicated 
only on nodes where the trees branch.
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    							3 
Figure 3 Multicast transmission 
 
 
T h e  m u l t i c a s t  s o u r c e  s e n d s  o n l y  o n e  c o p y  o f  t h e  i n f o r m a t i o n  t o  a  m u l t i c a s t  g r o u p.  H o s t  B ,  H o s t  D  a n d  H o s t  
E, which are receivers of the information, must join the multicast group. The routers on the network 
duplicate and forward the information based on the distribution of the group members. Finally, the 
information is correctly delivered to Host B, Host D, and Host E.  
To summarize, multicast has the following advantages: 
•  Advantages over unicast —Because multicast traffic flows to the farthest-possible node from the 
source before it is replicated and distributed, an  increase in the number of hosts does not increase 
the load of the source or remarkably add to the usage of network resources.  
•   Advantages over broadcast —Because multicast data is sent only to the receivers that need it, 
multicast uses network bandwidth reasonably and enhances network security. In addition, data 
broadcast is confined to the same  subnet, but multicast is not.  
Multicast features 
•  A multicast group is a multicast receiver set identified by an IP multicast address. Hosts join a 
multicast group to become members of the multicast group before they can receive the multicast 
data addressed to that multicast group. Typically, a multicast source does not need to join a 
multicast group. 
•   An information sender is called a multicast source. A multicast source can send data to multiple 
multicast groups at the same time, and multiple multicast sources can send data to the same 
multicast group at the same time. 
•   All hosts that have joined a multicast group become members of the multicast group. The group 
memberships are dynamic. Hosts can join or leave multicast groups at any time. Multicast groups 
are not subject to geographic restrictions. 
•   Routers or Layer 3 switches that support Layer 3 multicast are called multicast routers or Layer 3 
multicast devices. In addition to providing the multicast routing function, a multicast router can also 
manage multicast group memberships on stub subnets with attached group members. A multicast 
router itself can be a multicast group member.
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    							4 
For a better understanding of the multicast concept, you can compare multicast transmission to the 
transmission of TV programs.  
Table 1 Comparing TV transmission and multicast transmission 
TV transmission 
 Multicast transmission  
A TV station transmits a TV program through a 
channel.   A multicast source sends multicast data to a multicast 
group.  
A user tunes the TV set to the channel. 
A receiver joins the multicast group. 
The user starts to watch the TV program transmitted 
by the TV station via the channel.   The receiver starts to receive the multicast data that the 
source is sending to the multicast group.  
The user turns off the TV set or tunes to another 
channel.  The receiver leaves the multicast group or joins another 
group.  
 
Common notations in multicast 
The following notations are commonly used in multicast transmission: 
•
  (*, G) —Indicates a rendezvous point tree (RPT), or a multicast packet that any multicast source sends 
to multicast group G. Here, the asterisk represents any multicast source, and G represents a 
specific multicast group. 
•   (S, G)—Indicates a shortest path tree (SPT), or a multicast packet that multicast source S sends to 
multicast group G. Here, S represents a specific multicast source, and G represents a specific 
multicast group.  
For more information about the concepts RPT and SPT, see  Configuring PIM (available only on the HP 
5

500 EI)  and  Configuring IPv6 PIM (available only on the HP 5500 EI) . 
Multicast advantages and applications 
Multicast advantages 
Advantages of the multicast technique include the following: 
•  Enhanced efficiency —Reduces the processor load of information source servers and network 
devices. 
•   Optimal performance —Reduces redundant traffic. 
•   Distributed application—Enables point-to-multipoint applicatio ns at the price of minimum network 
resources. 
Multicast applications 
The scenarios in which the multicast technique can be effectively applied are: 
•   Multimedia and streaming applications, such as web TV, web radio, and real time video/audio 
conferencing 
•   Communication for training and cooperative operations, such as distance learning and 
telemedicine  
•   Data warehouse and financial applications (stock quotes) 
•   Any other point-to-multipoint application for data distribution
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