HP 5500 Ei 5500 Si Switch Series Configuration Guide
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88 Figure 23 Network diagram Configuration procedure 1. Configure Device A: # Create VLANs 1 and 2, map VLAN 1 to MSTI 1 an d VLAN 2 to MSTI 2, and activate MST region configuration. system-view [DeviceA] vlan 1 to 2 [DeviceA] stp region-configuration [DeviceA-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 1 [DeviceA-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 2 [DeviceA-mst-region] active region-configuration [DeviceA-mst-region] quit # Cancel the physical state change suppression interval setting on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 and GigabitEthernet 1/0/2, disable the spanning tree fe ature, and set the trusted packet priority type to 802.1p priority. Configure the two ports as trunk ports, and assign them to VLAN 1 and VLAN 2. [DeviceA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo link-delay [DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo stp enable [DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] qos trust dot1p [DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk [DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk permit vlan 1 2 [DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit [DeviceA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo link-delay [DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo stp enable [DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] qos trust dot1p [DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type trunk [DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk permit vlan 1 2
89 [DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit # Create RRPP domain 1. Configure VLAN 100 as the primary control VLAN of RRPP domain 1, and configure the VLAN mapped to MSTI 1 as the protected VLAN of RRPP domain 1. [DeviceA] rrpp domain 1 [DeviceA-rrpp-domain1] control-vlan 100 [DeviceA-rrpp-domain1] protected-vlan reference-instance 1 # Configure Device A as the master node of prim ary ring 1, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as the primary port and GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 as the secondary port, and enable ring 1. [DeviceA-rrpp-domain1] ring 1 node-mode master primary-port gigabitether\ net 1/0/1 secondary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/2 level 0 [DeviceA-rrpp-domain1] ring 1 enable [DeviceA-rrpp-domain1] quit # Create RRPP domain 2, configure VLAN 105 as the primary control VLAN of RRPP domain 2, and configure the VLAN mapped to MSTI 2 as the protected VLAN of RRPP domain 2. [DeviceA] rrpp domain 2 [DeviceA-rrpp-domain2] control-vlan 105 [DeviceA-rrpp-domain2] protected-vlan reference-instance 2 # Configure Device A as the master node of prim ary ring 1, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 as the master port and GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as the secondary port, and enable ring 1. [DeviceA-rrpp-domain2] ring 1 node-mode master primary-port gigabitether\ net 1/0/2 secondary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/1 level 0 [DeviceA-rrpp-domain2] ring 1 enable [DeviceA-rrpp-domain2] quit # Enable RRPP. [DeviceA] rrpp enable 2. Configure Device B: # Create VLANs 1 and 2, map VLAN 1 to MSTI 1 an d VLAN 2 to MSTI 2, and activate MST region configuration. system-view [DeviceB] vlan 1 to 2 [DeviceB] stp region-configuration [DeviceB-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 1 [DeviceB-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 2 [DeviceB-mst-region] active region-configuration [DeviceB-mst-region] quit # Cancel the physical state change suppression interval setting on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 and GigabitEthernet 1/0/2, disable the spanning tree fe ature, and set the trusted packet priority type to 802.1p priority. Configure the two ports as trunk ports, and assign them to VLAN 1 and VLAN 2. [DeviceB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo link-delay [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo stp enable [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] qos trust dot1p [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk permit vlan 1 2 [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit [DeviceB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2
90 [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo link-delay [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo stp enable [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] qos trust dot1p [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type trunk [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk permit vlan 1 2 [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit # Cancel the physical state change suppression interval setting on GigabitEthernet 1/0/3, disable the spanning tree feature, and set the trusted packe t priority type to 802.1p priority. Configure the port as a trunk port, and assign it to VLAN 2. [DeviceB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/3 [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] undo link-delay [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] undo stp enable [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] qos trust dot1p [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] port link-type trunk [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] port trunk permit vlan 2 [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit # Cancel the physical state change suppression in terval setting on GigabitEthernet 1/0/4, disable the spanning tree feature, and set the trusted packe t priority type to 802.1p priority. Configure the port as a trunk port, and assign it to VLAN 1. [DeviceB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/4 [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] undo link-delay [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] undo stp enable [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] qos trust dot1p [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] port link-type trunk [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] port trunk permit vlan 1 [DeviceB-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] quit # Create RRPP domain 1. Configure VLAN 100 as the primary control VLAN of RRPP domain 1, and configure the VLAN mapped to MSTI 1 as the protected VLAN of RRPP domain 1. [DeviceB] rrpp domain 1 [DeviceB-rrpp-domain1] control-vlan 100 [DeviceB-rrpp-domain1] protected-vlan reference-instance 1 # Configure Device B as a transit node of primar y ring 1 in RRPP domain 1, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as the primary port and GigabitEthernet 1/ 0/2 as the secondary port, and enable ring 1. [DeviceB-rrpp-domain1] ring 1 node-mode transit primary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/1 secondary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/2 level 0 [DeviceB-rrpp-domain1] ring 1 enable # Configure Device B as the assistant-edge node of subring 3 in RRPP domain 1, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/4 as the edge port, and enable subring 3. [DeviceB-rrpp-domain1] ring 3 node-mode assistant-edge edge-port gigabit\ ethernet 1/0/4 [DeviceB-rrpp-domain1] ring 3 enable [DeviceB-rrpp-domain1] quit # Create RRPP domain 2. Configure VLAN 105 as the primary control VLAN of RRPP domain 2, and configure the VLAN mapped to MSTI 2 as the protected VLAN of RRPP domain 2. [DeviceB] rrpp domain 2 [DeviceB-rrpp-domain2] control-vlan 105 [DeviceB-rrpp-domain2] protected-vlan reference-instance 2
91 # Configure Device B as the transit node of primary ring 1, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as the primary port and GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 as the secondary port, and enable ring 1. [DeviceB-rrpp-domain2] ring 1 node-mode transit primary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/1 secondary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/2 level 0 [DeviceB-rrpp-domain2] ring 1 enable # Configure Device B as the assistant-edge node of subring 2 in RRPP domain 2, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/3 as the edge port, and enable subring 2. [DeviceB-rrpp-domain2] ring 2 node-mode assistant-edge edge-port gigabit\ ethernet 1/0/3 [DeviceB-rrpp-domain2] ring 2 enable [DeviceC-rrpp-domain2] quit # Enable RRPP. [DeviceB] rrpp enable 3. Configure Device C: # Create VLANs 1 and 2, map VLAN 1 to MSTI 1 an d VLAN 2 to MSTI 2, and activate MST region configuration. system-view [DeviceC] vlan 1 to 2 [DeviceC] stp region-configuration [DeviceC-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 1 [DeviceC-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 2 [DeviceC-mst-region] active region-configuration [DeviceC-mst-region] quit # Cancel the physical state change suppression interval setting on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 and GigabitEthernet 1/0/2, disable the spanning tree fe ature, and set the trusted packet priority type to 802.1p priority. Configure the two ports as trunk ports, and assign them to VLAN 1 and VLAN 2. [DeviceC] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo link-delay [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo stp enable [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] qos trust dot1p [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk permit vlan 1 2 [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit [DeviceC] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo link-delay [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo stp enable [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] qos trust dot1p [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type trunk [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk permit vlan 1 2 [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit # Cancel the physical state change suppression in terval setting on GigabitEthernet 1/0/3, disable the spanning tree feature, and set the trusted packe t priority type to 802.1p priority. Configure the port as a trunk port, remove it from VLAN 1, a ssign it to VLAN 2, and configure VLAN 2 as its default VLAN. [DeviceC] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/3 [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] undo link-delay [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] undo stp enable
92 [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] qos trust dot1p [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] port link-type trunk [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] undo port trunk permit vlan 1 [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] port trunk permit vlan 2 [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] port trunk pvid vlan 2 [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit # Cancel the physical state change suppression interval setting on GigabitEthernet 1/0/4, disable the spanning tree feature, and set the trusted packe t priority type to 802.1p priority. Configure the port as a trunk port, and assign it to VLAN 1. [DeviceC] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/4 [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] undo link-delay [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] undo stp enable [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] qos trust dot1p [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] port link-type trunk [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] port trunk permit vlan 1 [DeviceC-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] quit # Create RRPP domain 1. Configure VLAN 100 as the primary control VLAN of RRPP domain 1, and configure the VLAN mapped to MSTI 1 as the protected VLAN of RRPP domain 1. [DeviceC] rrpp domain 1 [DeviceC-rrpp-domain1] control-vlan 100 [DeviceC-rrpp-domain1] protected-vlan reference-instance 1 # Configure Device C as the transit node of primary ring 1 in RRPP domain 1, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as the primary port and GigabitEthernet 1/ 0/2 as the secondary port, and enable ring 1. [DeviceC-rrpp-domain1] ring 1 node-mode transit primary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/1 secondary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/2 level 0 [DeviceC-rrpp-domain1] ring 1 enable # Configure Device C as the edge node of subring 3 in RRPP domain 1, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/4 as the edge port, and enable subring 3. [DeviceC-rrpp-domain1] ring 3 node-mode edge edge-port gigabitethernet 1\ /0/4 [DeviceC-rrpp-domain1] ring 3 enable [DeviceC-rrpp-domain1] quit # Create RRPP domain 2. Configure VLAN 105 as the primary control VLAN of RRPP domain 2, and configure the VLAN mapped to MSTI 2 as the protected VLAN of RRPP domain 2. [DeviceC] rrpp domain 2 [DeviceC-rrpp-domain2] control-vlan 105 [DeviceC-rrpp-domain2] protected-vlan reference-instance 2 # Configure Device C as the transit node of primary ring 1 in RRPP domain 2, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as the primary port and GigabitEthernet 1/ 0/2 as the secondary port, and enable ring 1. [DeviceC-rrpp-domain2] ring 1 node-mode transit primary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/1 secondary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/2 level 0 [DeviceC-rrpp-domain2] ring 1 enable # Configure Device C as the edge node of subring 2 in RRPP domain 2, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/3 as the edge port, and enable subring 2. [DeviceC-rrpp-domain2] ring 2 node-mode edge edge-port gigabitethernet 1\ /0/3 [DeviceC-rrpp-domain2] ring 2 enable [DeviceC-rrpp-domain2] quit # Enable RRPP.
93 [DeviceC] rrpp enable 4. Configure Device D: # Create VLANs 1 and 2, map VLAN 1 to MSTI 1 an d VLAN 2 to MSTI 2, and activate MST region configuration. system-view [DeviceD] vlan 1 to 2 [DeviceD] stp region-configuration [DeviceD-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 1 [DeviceD-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 2 [DeviceD-mst-region] active region-configuration [DeviceD-mst-region] quit # Cancel the physical state change suppression interval setting on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 and GigabitEthernet 1/0/2, disable the spanning tree fe ature, and set the trusted packet priority type to 802.1p priority. Configure the two ports as trunk ports, and assign them to VLAN 1 and VLAN 2. [DeviceD] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [DeviceD-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo link-delay [DeviceD-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo stp enable [DeviceD-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] qos trust dot1p [DeviceD-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk [DeviceD-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk permit vlan 1 2 [DeviceD-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit [DeviceD] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [DeviceD-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo link-delay [DeviceD-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo stp enable [DeviceD-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] qos trust dot1p [DeviceD-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type trunk [DeviceD-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk permit vlan 1 2 [DeviceD-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit # Create RRPP domain 1. Configure VLAN 100 as the primary control VLAN of RRPP domain 1, and configure the VLAN mapped to MSTI 1 as the protected VLAN of RRPP domain 1. [DeviceD] rrpp domain 1 [DeviceD-rrpp-domain1] control-vlan 100 [DeviceD-rrpp-domain1] protected-vlan reference-instance 1 # Configure Device D as the transit node of primary ring 1 in RRPP domain 1, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as the primary port and GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 as the secondary port, and enable ring 1. [DeviceD-rrpp-domain1] ring 1 node-mode transit primary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/1 secondary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/2 level 0 [DeviceD-rrpp-domain1] ring 1 enable [DeviceD-rrpp-domain1] quit # Create RRPP domain 2. Configure VLAN 105 as the primary control VLAN of RPPP domain 2, and configure the VLAN mapped to MSTI 2 as the protected VLAN of RRPP domain 2. [DeviceD] rrpp domain 2 [DeviceD-rrpp-domain2] control-vlan 105 [DeviceD-rrpp-domain2] protected-vlan reference-instance 2 # Configure Device D as the transit node of primary ring 1 in RRPP domain 2, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as the primary port and GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 as the secondary port, and enable ring 1.
94 [DeviceD-rrpp-domain2] ring 1 node-mode transit primary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/1 secondary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/2 level 0 [DeviceD-rrpp-domain2] ring 1 enable [DeviceD-rrpp-domain2] quit # Enable RRPP. [DeviceD] rrpp enable 5. Configure Device E: # Create VLAN 2, map VLAN 2 to MSTI 2, and activate MST region configuration. system-view [DeviceE] vlan 2 [DeviceE-vlan2] quit [DeviceE] stp region-configuration [DeviceE-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 2 [DeviceE-mst-region] active region-configuration [DeviceE-mst-region] quit # Cancel the physical state change suppression interval setting on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 and GigabitEthernet 1/0/2, disable the spanning tree fe ature, and set the trusted packet priority type to 802.1p priority. Configure the two ports as trunk ports, remove them from VLAN 1, assign them to VLAN 2, and configure VLAN 2 as their default VLAN. [DeviceE] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo link-delay [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo stp enable [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] qos trust dot1p [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo port trunk permit vlan 1 [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk permit vlan 2 [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk pvid vlan 2 [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit [DeviceE] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo link-delay [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo stp enable [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] qos trust dot1p [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type trunk [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo port trunk permit vlan 1 [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk permit vlan 2 [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk pvid vlan 2 [DeviceE-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit # Create RRPP domain 2. Configure VLAN 105 as the primary control VLAN, and configure the VLAN mapped to MSTI 2 as the protected VLAN. [DeviceE] rrpp domain 2 [DeviceE-rrpp-domain2] control-vlan 105 [DeviceE-rrpp-domain2] protected-vlan reference-instance 2 # Configure Device E as the master mode of su bring 2 in RRPP domain 2, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 as the primary port and GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as the secondary port, and enable ring 2. [DeviceE-rrpp-domain2] ring 2 node-mode master primary-port gigabitether\ net 1/0/2 secondary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/1 level 1 [DeviceE-rrpp-domain2] ring 2 enable [DeviceE-rrpp-domain2] quit
95 # Enable RRPP. [DeviceE] rrpp enable 6. Configure Device F: # Create VLAN 1, map VLAN 1 to MSTI 1, and activate MST region configuration. system-view [DeviceF] vlan 1 [DeviceF-vlan1] quit [DeviceF] stp region-configuration [DeviceF-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 1 [DeviceF-mst-region] active region-configuration [DeviceF-mst-region] quit # Cancel the physical state change suppression interval setting on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 and GigabitEthernet 1/0/2, disable the spanning tree fe ature, and set the trusted packet priority type to 802.1p priority. Configure the two ports as trunk ports, and assign them to VLAN 1. [DeviceF] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [DeviceF-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo link-delay [DeviceF-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo stp enable [DeviceF-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] qos trust dot1p [DeviceF-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk [DeviceF-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk permit vlan 1 [DeviceF-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit [DeviceF] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [DeviceF-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo link-delay [DeviceF-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo stp enable [DeviceF-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] qos trust dot1p [DeviceF-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type trunk [DeviceF-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk permit vlan 1 [DeviceF-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit # Create RRPP domain 1. Configure VLAN 100 as the primary control VLAN, and configure the VLAN mapped to MSTI 1 as the protected VLAN. [DeviceF] rrpp domain 1 [DeviceF-rrpp-domain1] control-vlan 100 [DeviceF-rrpp-domain1] protected-vlan reference-instance 1 # Configure Device F as the master node of su bring 3 in RRPP domain 1, with GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as the primary port and GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 as the secondary port, and enable subring 3. [DeviceF-rrpp-domain1] ring 3 node-mode master primary-port gigabitether\ net 1/0/1 secondary-port gigabitethernet 1/0/2 level 1 [DeviceF-rrpp-domain1] ring 3 enable [DeviceF-rrpp-domain1] quit # Enable RRPP. [DeviceF] rrpp enable 7. RRPP ring group configurations on Device B and Device C after the configurations. # Create RRPP ring group 1 on Device B. A dd subrings 2 and 3 to the RRPP ring group. [DeviceB] rrpp ring-group 1 [DeviceB-rrpp-ring-group1] domain 2 ring 2 [DeviceB-rrpp-ring-group1] domain 1 ring 3
96 # Create RRPP ring group 1 on Device C, and add subrings 2 and 3 to the RRPP ring group. [DeviceC] rrpp ring-group 1 [DeviceC-rrpp-ring-group1] domain 2 ring 2 [DeviceC-rrpp-ring-group1] domain 1 ring 3 8. Verify the configuration: Use the display command to view RRPP configuration and operational information on each device. Troubleshooting Symptom When the link state is normal, the master node cannot receive Hello packets, and the master node unblocks the secondary port. Analysis The reasons may be: • RRPP is not enabled on some nodes in the RRPP ring. • The domain ID or primary control VLAN ID is not the same for the nodes in the same RRPP ring. • Some ports are abnormal. Solution • Use the display rrpp brief command to examine whether RRPP is enabled for all nodes. If it is not, use the rrpp enable command and the ring enable command to enable RRPP and RRPP rings for all nodes. • Use the display rrpp brief command to examine whether the domain ID and primary control VLAN ID are the same for all nodes. If they are not, set the same domain ID and primary control VLAN ID for the nodes. • Use the display rrpp verbose command to examine the link state of each port in each ring. • Use the debugging rrpp command on each node to examine whether a port receives or transmits Hello packets. If it does not, Hello packets are lost.
97 Configuring Smart Link Smart Link overview Background To avoid single-point failures and guarantee network reliability, downstream devices are usually dual-homed to upstream devices, as shown in Figure 24. Figure 24 Diagram for a dual uplink n etwork To remove network loops on a dual-homed network, you can use a spanning tree protocol or the Rapid Ring Protection Protocol (RRPP). The problem with STP, however, is that STP convergence time is long, which makes it not suitable for users who have high demand on convergence speed. RRPP can meet users’ demand on convergence speed, but it involves compli cated networking and configurations and is mainly used in ring-shaped networks. For more information about STP and RRPP, see Layer 2—LAN Switching Configuration Guide and Configuring RRPP . Smar t Link is a feature developed to address the slow convergence issue with STP. It provides link redundancy as well as fast convergence in a dual uplink network, allowing the backup link to take over quickly when the primary link fails. To sum up, Smart Link has the following features: