HP 5500 Ei 5500 Si Switch Series Configuration Guide
Have a look at the manual HP 5500 Ei 5500 Si Switch Series Configuration Guide online for free. It’s possible to download the document as PDF or print. UserManuals.tech offer 1114 HP manuals and user’s guides for free. Share the user manual or guide on Facebook, Twitter or Google+.
65 Figure 24 Network diagram Configuration procedure 1. Configure IP addresses: Configure an IP address and subnet mask for each interface as per Figure 24. (Details not shown.) 2. Configure Router A: # Enable IP multicast routing, enable PIM-DM on each interface and enable IGMP on the host-side interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/2. system-view [RouterA] multicast routing-enable [RouterA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] pim dm [RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit [RouterA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] pim dm [RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] igmp enable 3. Configure Switch A: # Enable IGMP snooping globally. system-view [SwitchA] igmp-snooping [SwitchA-igmp-snooping] quit # Create VLAN 2 through VLAN 5. [SwitchA] vlan 2 to 5 # Configure GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 as a trunk po rt, and assign it to VLAN 2 and VLAN 3. [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type trunk GE 1 /0 / 2 G E 1/ 0 / 3 G E1 /0 / 1 G E1/ 0 /1
66 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk permit vlan 2 3 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit # Configure GigabitEthernet 1/0/3 as a trunk port, and assign it to VLAN 4 and VLAN 5. [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/3 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] port link-type trunk [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] port trunk permit vlan 4 5 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit # Create VLAN 10, assign GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 to this VLAN and enable IGMP snooping in the VLAN. [SwitchA] vlan 10 [SwitchA-vlan10] port gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [SwitchA-vlan10] igmp-snooping enable [SwitchA-vlan10] quit # Configure VLAN 10 as a multicast VLAN and configure VLAN 2 through VLAN 5 as its sub-VLANs. [SwitchA] multicast-vlan 10 [SwitchA-mvlan-10] subvlan 2 to 5 [SwitchA-mvlan-10] quit 4. Configure Switch B: # Enable IGMP snooping globally. system-view [SwitchB] igmp-snooping [SwitchB-igmp-snooping] quit # Create VLAN 2, assign GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 to VLAN 2, and enable IGMP snooping in the VLAN. [SwitchB] vlan 2 [SwitchB-vlan2] port gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [SwitchB-vlan2] igmp-snooping enable [SwitchB-vlan2] quit # Create VLAN 3, assign GigabitEthernet 1/0/3 to VLAN 3, and enable IGMP snooping in the VLAN. [SwitchB] vlan 3 [SwitchB-vlan3] port gigabitethernet 1/0/3 [SwitchB-vlan3] igmp-snooping enable [SwitchB-vlan3] quit # Configure GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as a trunk po rt, and assign it to VLAN 2 and VLAN 3. [SwitchB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [SwitchB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk [SwitchB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk permit vlan 2 3 5. Configure Switch C: The configurations on Switch C are similar to those on Switch B. 6. Verify the configuration: # Display information about the multicast VLAN. [SwitchA] display multicast-vlan Total 1 multicast-vlan(s)
67 Multicast vlan 10 subvlan list: vlan 2-5 port list: no port # View the IGMP snooping multicast group information on Switch A. [SwitchA] display igmp-snooping group Total 5 IP Group(s). Total 5 IP Source(s). Total 5 MAC Group(s). Port flags: D-Dynamic port, S-Static port, C-Copy port, P-PIM port Subvlan flags: R-Real VLAN, C-Copy VLAN Vlan(id):2. Total 1 IP Group(s). Total 1 IP Source(s). Total 1 MAC Group(s). Router port(s):total 0 port(s). IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group. IP group address:224.1.1.1 (0.0.0.0, 224.1.1.1): Host port(s):total 1 port(s). GE1/0/2 (D) MAC group(s): MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101 Host port(s):total 1 port(s). GE1/0/2 Vlan(id):3. Total 1 IP Group(s). Total 1 IP Source(s). Total 1 MAC Group(s). Router port(s):total 0 port(s). IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group. IP group address:224.1.1.1 (0.0.0.0, 224.1.1.1): Host port(s):total 1 port(s). GE1/0/2 (D) MAC group(s): MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101 Host port(s):total 1 port(s). GE1/0/2 Vlan(id):4. Total 1 IP Group(s). Total 1 IP Source(s). Total 1 MAC Group(s). Router port(s):total 0 port(s).
68 IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group. IP group address:224.1.1.1 (0.0.0.0, 224.1.1.1): Host port(s):total 1 port(s). GE1/0/3 (D) MAC group(s): MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101 Host port(s):total 1 port(s). GE1/0/3 Vlan(id):5. Total 1 IP Group(s). Total 1 IP Source(s). Total 1 MAC Group(s). Router port(s):total 0 port(s). IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group. IP group address:224.1.1.1 (0.0.0.0, 224.1.1.1): Host port(s):total 1 port(s). GE1/0/3 (D) MAC group(s): MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101 Host port(s):total 1 port(s). GE1/0/3 Vlan(id):10. Total 1 IP Group(s). Total 1 IP Source(s). Total 1 MAC Group(s). Router port(s):total 1 port(s). GE1/0/1 (D) IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group. IP group address:224.1.1.1 (0.0.0.0, 224.1.1.1): Host port(s):total 0 port(s). MAC group(s): MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101 Host port(s):total 0 port(s). The output shows that IGMP snooping is maintaining the router port in the multicast VLAN (VLAN 10) and the member ports in the sub-VLANs (VLAN 2 through VLAN 5). Port-based multicast VLAN configuration example Network requirements As shown in Figure 25 , I GM P v 2 ru n s o n Ro u te r A . I GM P v 2 S no o pi n g ru n s o n Swi tch A . Rou te r A act s as the IGMP querier. The multicast source sends multicast data to multicast group 224.1.1.1. Host A, Host B, and Host C are receivers of the multicast group, and the hosts belong to VLAN 2 through VLAN 4 respectively.
69 Configure the port-based multicast VLAN feature on Switch A so that Router A just sends multicast data to Switch A through the multicast VLAN and Switch A forwards the multicast data to the receivers that belong to different user VLANs. Figure 25 Network diagram Configuration procedure 1. Configure IP addresses: Configure the IP address and subnet mask for each interface as per Figure 25. (Details not sh own.) 2. Configure Router A: # Enable IP multicast routing, enable PIM-DM on ea ch interface, and enable IGMP on the host-side interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/2. system-view [RouterA] multicast routing-enable [RouterA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] pim dm [RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit [RouterA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] pim dm [RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] igmp enable 3. Configure Switch A: # Enable IGMP snooping globally. system-view [SwitchA] igmp-snooping [SwitchA-igmp-snooping] quit # Create VLAN 10, assign GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 to VLAN 10, and enable IGMP snooping in this VLAN. [SwitchA] vlan 10 [SwitchA-vlan10] port gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [SwitchA-vlan10] igmp-snooping enable [SwitchA-vlan10] quit
70 # Create VLAN 2 and enable IGMP snooping in the VLAN. [SwitchA] vlan 2 [SwitchA-vlan2] igmp-snooping enable [SwitchA-vlan2] quit The configuration for VLAN 3 and VLAN 4 is similar. (Details not shown.) # Configure GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 as a hybrid port. Configure VLAN 2 as the default VLAN. Configure GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 to permit packe ts of VLAN 2 and VLAN 10 to pass and untag the packets when forwarding them. [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type hybrid [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port hybrid pvid vlan 2 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port hybrid vlan 2 untagged [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port hybrid vlan 10 untagged [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit The configuration for GigabitEthernet 1/0/3 and Gi gabitEthernet 1/0/4 is similar. (Details not shown.) # Configure VLAN 10 as a multicast VLAN. [SwitchA] multicast-vlan 10 # Assign GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 and GigabitEthernet 1/0/3 to VLAN 10. [SwitchA-mvlan-10] port gigabitethernet 1/0/2 to gigabitethernet 1/0/3 [SwitchA-mvlan-10] quit # Assign GigabitEthernet 1/0/4 to VLAN 10. [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/4 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] port multicast-vlan 10 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] quit 4. Verify the configuration: # View the multicast VLAN information on Switch A. [SwitchA] display multicast-vlan Total 1 multicast-vlan(s) Multicast vlan 10 subvlan list: no subvlan port list: GE1/0/2 GE1/0/3 GE1/0/4 # View the IGMP snooping multicast group information on Switch A. [SwitchA] display igmp-snooping group Total 1 IP Group(s). Total 1 IP Source(s). Total 1 MAC Group(s). Port flags: D-Dynamic port, S-Static port, C-Copy port, P-PIM port Subvlan flags: R-Real VLAN, C-Copy VLAN Vlan(id):10. Total 1 IP Group(s). Total 1 IP Source(s). Total 1 MAC Group(s).
71 Router port(s):total 1 port(s). GE1/0/1 (D) IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group. IP group address:224.1.1.1 (0.0.0.0, 224.1.1.1): Host port(s):total 3 port(s). GE1/0/2 (D) GE1/0/3 (D) GE1/0/4 (D) MAC group(s): MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101 Host port(s):total 3 port(s). GE1/0/2 GE1/0/3 GE1/0/4 The output shows that IGMP snooping is maintaining the router ports and member ports in VLAN 10.
72 Configuring multicast routing and forwarding (available only on the HP 5500 EI) Overview In multicast implementations, the following types of tables implement multicast routing and forwarding: • Multicast routing table of a multicast routing protocol —Each multicast routing protocol has its own multicast routing table, such as PIM routing table. • General multicast routing table —The multicast routing information of different multicast routing protocols forms a general multicast routing table. • Multicast forwarding table —The multicast forwarding table guides the forwarding of multicast packets. A multicast routing table consists of a set of (S, G) entries. Each entry indicates the routing information for delivering multicast data from a multicast source to a multicast group. If a router supports multiple multicast protocols, its multicast routing table includes routes generated by multiple protocols. The router chooses the optimal route from the multicast routing table based on the configured multicast routing and forwarding policy and adds the route entry to its multicast forwarding table. The term router in this document refers to both routers and Layer 3 switches. The term interface in the multicast routing and forwarding features refers to Layer 3 interfaces, including VLAN interfaces and route-mode (or Layer 3) Ethernet ports. You can set an Ethernet port to operate in route mode by using the port link-mode route command (see Layer 2—LAN Switching Configuration Guide ). RPF check mechanism A multicast routing protocol relies on the existing unicast routes, MBGP routes, or static multicast routes in creating multicast routing entries. When creating multicast routing table entries, a multicast routing protocol uses the reverse path forwarding (RPF) chec k mechanism to ensure multicast data delivery along the correct paths. In addition, the RPF check mechanism also helps avoid data loops. RPF check process The basis for an RPF check is as follows: • Unicast routing table—Contains the shortest path to each destination subnet. • MBGP routing table —Contains multicast routing information. • Static multicast routing table —Contains the RPF routing information defined by the user through static configuration. MBGP multicast routing table and static multicast routing table are used for RPF check rather than multicast routing. When a router performs an RPF check, it searches its unicast routing table, MBGP routing table, and static multicast routing table at the same time. The specific process is as follows:
73 1. The router chooses an optimal route from the unic ast routing table, the MBGP routing table, and the static multicast routing table: { The router automatically chooses an optimal unicast route by searching its unicast routing table, and using the IP address of the packet source as the destination address. The outgoing interface in the corresponding routing entry is the RPF interface and the next hop is the RPF neighbor. The router considers the path along which the packet from the RPF neighbor arrived on the RPF interface to be the shortest path that leads back to the source. { The router automatically chooses an optimal MBGP route by searching its MBGP routing table, and using the IP address of the packet source as the destination address. The outgoing interface in the corresponding routing entry is the RPF interface and the next hop is the RPF neighbor. { The router automatically chooses an optimal st atic multicast route by searching its static multicast routing table, and using the IP address of the packet source as the destination address. The corresponding routing entry explicitly defi nes the RPF interface and the RPF neighbor. 2. The router selects one of these optimal routes as the RPF route. The selection process is as follows: { If configured to use the longest match principle, the router selects the longest match route from these optimal routes. If the three routes have the same mask, the router selects the route with the highest priority. If the three routes have the same priority, the router selects a route as the RPF route according to the sequence of static multicast route, MBGP route, and unicast route. { If not configured to use the longest match principle, the router selects the route with the highest priority. If the three routes have the same priority, the router selects a route as the RPF route according to the sequence of static multicast route, MBGP route, and unicast route. The packet source means different things in different situations: • For a packet traveling along the shortest path tree (SPT) from the multicast source to the receivers or the rendezvous point (RP), the packet source for RPF check is the multicast source. • For a packet traveling along the rendezvous point tree (RPT) from the RP to the receivers, or along the source-side RPT from the multicast source to the RP, the packet source for RPF check is the RP. • For a bootstrap message from the bo otstrap router (BSR), the packet source for RPF check is the BSR. For more information about the concepts of SPT, RPT, source-side RPT, RP, and BSR, see Configuring PIM ( available only on the HP 5500 EI) . RPF check implementation in multicast Implementing an RPF check on each received multicast data packet would be a big burden to the router. The use of a multicast forwarding table is the solution to this issue. When creating a multicast routing entry and a multicast forwarding entry for a multicas t packet, the router sets the RPF interface of the packet as the incoming interface of the (S, G) entry. After receiving an (S, G) multicast packet, the router first searches its multicast forwarding table: 1. If the corresponding (S, G) entry does not exis t in the multicast forwarding table, the packet undergoes an RPF check. The router creates a mult icast routing entry based on the relevant routing information and adds the entry into the multicast forwarding table, with the RPF interface as the incoming interface. { If the interface that received the packet is the RPF interface, the RPF check succeeds and the router forwards the packet to all the outgoing interfaces. { If the interface that received the packet is not the RPF interface, the RPF check fails and the router discards the packet. 2. If the corresponding (S, G) entry exists, and the in terface that received the packet is the incoming interface, the router forwards the pac ket to all the outgoing interfaces.
74 3. If the corresponding (S, G) entry exists, but th e interface that received the packet is not the incoming interface in the multicast forwarding table, the multicast packet undergoes an RPF check. { If the RPF interface is the incoming interface of the (S, G) entry, it indicates that the (S, G) entry is correct but the packet arrived from a wrong path. The packet will be discarded. { If the RPF interface is not the incoming interface, it indicates that the (S, G) entry has expired, and router replaces the incoming interface with the RPF interface. If the interface on which the packet arrived is the RPF interface, the router forwards the packet to all the outgoing interfaces. Otherwise, it discards the packet. Assume that unicast routes are available in the networ k, MBGP is not configured, and no static multicast routes have been configured on Switch C, as shown in Figure 26. Multi cast packets travel along the SPT from the multicast source to the receivers. The multicast forwarding table on Switch C contains the (S, G) entry, with VLAN-interface 20 as the incoming interface. Figure 26 RPF check process • When a multicast packet arrives on interface VLAN-i n t e r fa c e 2 0 o f Swi t ch C , b e c au s e t h e i n t e r fa c e is the incoming interface of the (S, G) entry, the router forwards the packet to all outgoing interfaces. • When a multicast packet arrives on interface VLAN-interface 10 of Switch C, because the interface is not the incoming interface of the (S, G) entry, the router performs an RPF check on the packet. The router searches its unicast routing table and finds that the outgoing interface to Source (the RPF interface) is VLAN-interface 20. This means the (S , G) entry is correct, and packet arrived along a wrong path. The RPF check fails and the packet is discarded. Static multicast routes A static multicast route is an impo rtant basis for RPF check. Depending on the application environment, a static multicast route can change an RPF route and create an RPF route. Changing an RPF route Typically, the topology structure of a multicast network is the same as that of a unicast network, and multicast traffic follows the same transmission path as unicast traffic does. You can configure a static multicast route for a given multicast source to change the RPF route to create a transmission path for multicast traffic that is different from that for unicast traffic. Source 192.168.0.1/24 Receiver Receiver Switch A Switch B Switch C Vlan-int20 Vlan-int10 Vlan-int10 Multicast packets Destination/Mask IP Routing Table on Switch C 192.168.0.0/24 Interface Vlan-int20