Garmin 430w Manual

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NAVCOM Page
NAVCOM Page
The NAVCOM (navigation communications) page 
provides a list of the airport communication and 
navigation frequencies at your departure, en route and 
arrival airports. The NAVCOM page makes selection 
of the frequencies you’ll need along your flight plan 
quick and convenient. If you do not have an active 
flight plan with a departure airport, the NAVCOM page 
will display the frequencies for the airport nearest 
your departure position. Only the 420AW and 430AW 
move frequencies to their Navcom. 
Assigned Frequency 
and Usage Informa-
tion (when applicable)
Departure, En 
Route or Arrival  Airport
Frequency Type
Third Page 
in NAV group
To select a frequency list for a departure, en 
route, or arrival airport: 
1.   Press  the small right knob to activate the 
cursor. 
2.   Turn the large right knob to place the cursor 
on the airport identifier field (top line on the 
NAVCOM page). 
3.   Turn the small right knob to select the desired 
airport and press ENT. 
To scroll through the list of frequencies: 
1.   Activate the cursor, if not already active, by 
pressing the small right knob. 
2.   Turn the large right knob to move the cursor 
through the list of frequencies. If there are more 
frequencies in the list that can be displayed on 
the screen, a scroll bar along the right-hand 
side of the screen will indicate which part of 
the list is currently being displayed. 
}scroll bar
3.   To place a frequency in the standby field of the 
COM or VLOC window, highlight the desired 
frequency and press ENT. (420AW and 430AW 
only)
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Position Page
Some listed frequencies may include designations 
for limited usage, as follows: 
 “TX” - transmit only 
  “RX” - receive only 
 “PT” - part time frequency
If a listed frequency has sector or altitude restric-
tions, the frequency will be preceded by an “Info?” 
designation. 
To view usage restrictions for a frequency: 
1.   Turn the large right knob to place the cursor 
on the “Info?” designation directly in front of 
the desired frequency. 
2.   Press ENT to display the restriction informa-
tion. 
3.  To return to the NAVCOM page, press ENT. 
Position Page
The position page displays your present position (by 
default, in latitude and longitude) and altitude. The 
position page also displays your current track, ground 
speed, time and a reference waypoint field. These 
fields are user-selectable to configure the page to your 
own preferences and current navigation needs. 
User-selectable 
Data Fields
Graphic “Track”  Indicator
Present 
Position
Page location in  NAV group
Reference 
Waypoint Fields
The graphic “track” indicator at the top of the 
page indicates the direction you’re heading, or track, 
only while you’re moving. Directly below are three 
user-selectable fields, which by default, display track, 
ground speed and altitude. Minimum safe altitude 
(MSA) can also be displayed on these fields. MSA is 
the recommended minimum altitude within approxi-
mately ten miles of your present position. MSA is cal-
culated from the information contained in the database 
and generally includes mountains, buildings and other 
permanent features. 
The Time and other data may not be displayed 
until the unit has acquired enough satellites for a fix. 
The graphic “track” indicator and the TRK 
indication directly below it provide the same 
information. Use the graphic “track” indicator 
for quick at-a-glance ground track information. 
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Position Page
 NOTE: Do not rely solely on MSA as an absolute 
measure of safe altitude. Consult current charts 
and NOTAMs for your area. 
To change the user-selectable data fields: 
1.  Press MENU to display the Position page 
options menu. 
2.  Turn  the large right knob to highlight 
“Change Fields?” and press ENT. 
3.  Turn  the large right knob to highlight the 
data field you wish to change. 
4.  Turn the small right knob to display the list 
of available data items. Continue turning the 
small right knob to select the desired data 
item from the list. 
5.  Press ENT to select the desired data item and 
return to the position page. 
6.  Press  the small right knob momentarily to 
remove the cursor from the page. 
The position page also features a reference 
waypoint field, located at the bottom of the page, to 
indicate your bearing and distance to/from a selected 
waypoint. The reference waypoint field can display 
bearing and distance information for a nearby airport 
(default), VOR, NDB, intersection or user waypoint. 
To change the reference waypoint information: 
1.  Press MENU to display the position page 
options menu. 
2.  Turn  the large right knob to highlight 
“Change Fields?” and press ENT. 
3.  Turn  the large right knob to highlight the 
waypoint type field (bottom left corner of the 
page; default setting will show “APT”). 
4.   Turn the small right knob to display the list of 
available waypoint types. Continue turning the 
small right knob to select the desired data 
item from the list. 
5.   Press ENT to select the desired type and return 
to the position page. 
6.   To select between “bearing FROM” or “bearing 
TO” to the reference waypoint, turn the small 
right knob to select the desired bearing refer-
ence and press ENT. 
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Restoring Factory Settings
7.  Press  the small right knob momentarily to 
remove the cursor from the page. 
8.     If “WPT” is selected as the waypoint type, you 
can designate any airport, NAVAID or user 
waypoint as a reference waypoint. Press the 
small right knob, turn the large right knob 
to highlight the waypoint identifier field, then 
use the small and large right knobs to enter 
the identifier of the desired waypoint. Press 
ENT to confirm the selected waypoint.  Press 
the small right knob to remove the cursor. 
Restoring Factory Settings
A “Restore Defaults?” option allows you to reset 
all data fields to their original factory default settings. 
This will return the three user-selectable fields at the 
top of the page AND the reference waypoint fields to 
default settings. 
To restore the factory default settings: 
1.   Press MENU to display the position page 
options menu. 
2.  Turn  the large right knob to highlight 
“Restore Defaults?” and press ENT. 
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Satellite Status Page
Satellite Status Page
The Satellite Status Page is helpful in troubleshoot-
ing weak (or missing) signal levels due to poor satellite 
coverage or installation problems. You may wish to 
refer to this page occasionally to monitor GPS receiver 
performance and establish a normal pattern for system 
operation. Should problems occur at a later date, you 
may find it helpful to have an established baseline 
from which to compare. 
GPS Receiver StatusSky View 
of satellite  positions
Signal 
Strength Bars
Page location 
in NAV group
Satellite 
Numbers
Horizontal Figure of Merit 
and Vertical Figure of Merit
Estimated Posi-
tion Uncertainty
Acquiring  Satellite, 
not ready  for useExcluded Satellite (cyan) Satellite 
acquired 
and used for  position fix (green)
Satellite acquired, used for 
position fix, and has differential  corrections 
As the GPS receiver locks onto satellites, a signal 
strength bar appears for each satellite in view, with the 
appropriate satellite number (01-32, WAAS satellites 
will have higher numbers) underneath each bar. The 
progress of satellite acquisition is shown in the follow-
ing conditions: 
•  Hollow signal strength bars — the receiver has found 
the satellite(s) and is collecting data. 
•   Cross-hatch cyan signal strength bars — the receiver 
has found the satellite(s) but it has been excluded 
by the FDE program as a faulty satellite. 
•   Solid cyan signal strength bars — the receiver has 
collected the necessary data, but is not using the 
satellite in the position solution. 
•   Solid green signal strength bars — the receiver has 
collected the necessary data and the satellite is being 
used in the position solution. The sky view display 
(at top left corner of the page) shows which satel-
lites are currently in view, and where they are. The 
outer circle of the sky view represents the horizon 
(with north at top of the page); the inner circle 45° 
above the horizon; and the center point directly 
overhead. 
The “D” character inside the bars indicates differ-
ential corrections (e.g. WAAS) are being used for that 
satellite. 
Each satellite has a 30-second data transmission 
that must be collected (hollow signal strength bar) 
before the satellite may be used for navigation (solid 
signal strength bar). Once the GPS receiver has deter-
mined your position, the 400W-series unit indicates 
your position, altitude, track and ground speed. The 
GPS receiver status field also displays the following 
messages under the appropriate conditions: 
• Searching Sky — 
The GPS receiver is searching the sky for ANY vis-
ible satellites. You are also informed of this status 
with a “Searching the Sky” message. 
• Acquiring Sat —  
The GPS receiver is acquiring satellites for naviga-
tion. In this mode, the receiver uses satellite orbital 
data (collected continuously from the satellites) and 
last known position to determine the satellites that 
should be in view. 
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Satellite Status Page
• 3D Navigation —  
The GPS receiver is in 3D navigation mode and 
computes altitude using satellite data. 
• 3D Differential Navigation— The GPS receiver is 
in 3D navigation mode and differential corrections 
are being used. 
The Satellite Status Page also indicates the accu-
racy of the position fix, using Horizontal Figure of 
Merit (HFOM), Vertical Figure of Merit (VFOM), and 
Estimated Position Uncertainty (EPU). HFOM and 
VFOM represent the 95% confidence levels in hori-
zontal and vertical accuracy. The lowest numbers are 
the best accuracy and the highest numbers are worse. 
EPU is the horizontal position error estimated by the 
Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) algorithm, in feet 
or meters.  
 NOTE Operating outside of an SBAS service 
area with SBAS enabled may cause elevated EPU 
values to be displayed on the satellite status 
page.  Regardless of the EPU value displayed, the 
INTEG annunciation is the controlling indication 
for determining the integrity of the GPS naviga-
tion solution. 
Vertical Navigation Page
 WARNING: VNAV is to be used for advisory 
purposes only.  VNAV messages or vertical speed 
required should not be used to maintain terrain 
or ATC clearances.  Terrain and ATC clearances are 
the sole responsibility of the pilot. 
The 400W-series vertical navigation page (the last 
NAV page) allows you to create a three-dimensional 
profile which guides you from your present position 
and altitude to a final (target) altitude at a specified 
location. This is helpful when you’d like to descend 
to a certain altitude near an airport. Once the profile 
is defined, message alerts and additional data on the 
default NAV and map pages will keep you informed of 
your progress. 
Altitude Reference 
(AGL or MSL)
Target
AltitudeTarget 
DistancePage location in  NAV groupVertical Speed  Desired
Target Reference
Vertical Speed Required
VNAV is inhibited in the following conditions: 
•  Groundspeed is less than 35 knots
• No active flight plan or direct-to destination
• SUSP mode
• Vectors-to-Final mode
• VLOC mode
• After the FAF on an approach
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Vertical Navigation - VNAV
To create a vertical navigation profile:
1.  Press  the small right knob to activate the 
cursor. 
2.  Turn  the large right knob to highlight the 
target altitude field. 
3.   Turn the small and large right knobs to select 
the target altitude and press ENT. 
4.   Turn  the small right knob to select “Above 
Wpt” (AGL) or “MSL”, and press ENT. “Above 
Wpt” will use the altitude of a destination air-
port as stored in the Jeppesen NavData card. 
“MSL” lets you set a specific target altitude 
for any waypoint category: airport, VOR, NDB, 
intersection or user waypoint. 
5.   Turn the small and large right knobs to select 
a distance from the target reference waypoint 
and press ENT. If the target altitude should 
occur at the target reference waypoint, enter 
a distance of zero. 
6.   Turn the small right knob to select “Before” 
or “After”, and press ENT. This setting desig-
nates whether the offset distance defines a 
point before you reach the target reference 
waypoint or after you reach the waypoint. 
“After” is not available for the last waypoint. 
7.   When using a flight plan, the target refer-
ence waypoint itself can be specified from 
the waypoints contained in the flight plan. By 
default, the last waypoint in the flight plan will 
be selected. To select a different waypoint, turn 
the small right knob to select the desired 
waypoint and press ENT. 
8.   The default profile utilizes a 400 foot-per-
minute descent rate. To change the rate, 
turn the large right knob to highlight the 
“VS  Profile” field and use the small and large 
right knobs to enter a new rate. Press ENT 
when finished. 
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Vertical Navigation - VNAV
With the profile set, the vertical speed required 
(VSR) is displayed on the vertical navigation page. 
Expect the following to occur when using the vertical 
navigation feature: 
•  
At one minute prior to reaching the initial descent 
point, a message “Approaching VNAV Profile” 
occurs. The descent angle will also lock to pre-
vent changes in speed from altering the profile. 
•  If selected, the vertical speed required (VSR) 
readout on the default NAV and map pages will 
show the desired vertical speed to maintain the 
proper descent angle. Maximum VSR that can be 
displayed is -6000 ft/min.  If VSR exceeds -6000 
ft/min, dashes will be displayed. 
•  Course reversals are not included in the VNAV 
calculations until the aircraft begins the course 
reversal. While reversing course, VNAV includes 
direct-to the course reversal wayopint in the 
VNAV calculation. 
•  At 500 feet above the target altitude, an 
“Approaching Target Altitude” message is pro-
vided. The VSR readout on the default NAV and 
map pages is blanked out, at this point. 
Vertical navigation messages can be turned on or 
off. (By default the messages are off.) Turning the mes-
sages off allows you to keep the profile settings you’ve 
entered previously, without having them generate mes-
sages when the feature isn’t needed. 
To disable/enable the vertical navigation (VNAV) 
messages: 
1.     Press MENU to display the vertical navigation 
page options menu. 
2.     With “VNAV  Messages On?” highlighted, press 
ENT. Or, if the messages are already on and you 
wish to turn them off, make sure “VNAV  Mes-
sages Off?” is highlighted and press ENT. 
To restore the factory default VNAV settings: 
1.   On the Nav VNAV page, press the MENU 
key. 
2.   Turn  the large right knob to highlight 
“Restore Defaults” and then press ENT. 
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Dead Reckoning
Dead reckoning is the process of continuing navi-
gation using your last known position and speed after 
a loss of GPS navigation while on an active flight plan. 
 CAUTION:  Navigation using dead reckoning is 
therefore only an estimate and should not be 
used as the sole means of navigation. Use other 
means of navigation, if possible. 
Dead reckoning becomes active after a loss of GPS 
position while you are navigating using an active flight 
plan. A pop-up message will appear and you must 
clear the message before continuing operation. 
The ownship icon color is changed to yellow. The To/
From flag is removed from the CDI. The Dead Reckon-
ing annunciator (DR) appears on the left side of the 
map display when GPS position is unavailable and the 
unit is in Dead Reckoning mode. All external outputs 
dependent on GPS position are flagged. 
Terrain will be noted as not available and new terrain 
advisory pop-ops will not occur. Traffic and Storm-
scope information will not be shown on the Map 
page, but will continue to be available on their own 
dedicated pages. XM and FIS-B weather will still be 
available on the Map page. 
Dead Reckoning mode will continue until GPS posi-
tion is restored, when GPS navigation is restored Dead 
Reckoning mode is exited. The DR annunciations 
will be removed and GPS information will be used to 
compute navigation related information for the current 
flight phase. 
Dead Reckoning is only allowed in En Route and 
Oceanic flight modes. If the unit is in a Terminal or 
Approach flight mode when Dead Reckoning takes 
place, “No GPS Position” will be displayed on the map 
pages and all navigation data will be dashed. If you are 
operating in Dead Reckoning mode and a transition to 
Terminal or Approach flight modes would occur from 
the projected Dead Reckoning position, Dead Reckon-
ing mode will be discontinued. “No GPS Position” will 
be displayed on the map pages and all navigation data 
will be dashed. 
Dead Reckoning
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