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LNAV/VNAV Approach
8.   When viewing the Map Page, you’ll note that the final 
course segment is displayed in magenta (the active leg 
of the flight plan always appears in magenta). 
9.   As you approach the MAP, a waypoint message (“DTK 
312° x S”) appears on the bottom of the screen. 
10.   Once the unit crosses the MAP (defined as the runway 
end waypoint), sequencing will be suspended. Prepare 
the aircraft for missed approach operation. Press the 
OBS key to sequence to the Missed Approach proce-
dure. 
11.   Fly the guidance provided by the unit to the 
ARTTY intersection and hold. 
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Flying the LP Approach
Flying the LP Approach
LP approach capability is available for units with SW 
Version 3.30, or later. After SW Version 5.10, some LP 
approaches may provide advisory vertical guidance, indi-
cated as LP +V. 
An LP approach is flown similarly to an LNAV 
approach, except the precision is greater as it utilizes 
the WAAS accuracy. It has similar lateral accuracy as an 
LPV approach. Angular scaling is similar to a localizer 
approach. Most LP approaches have step down altitudes 
associated with them. 
If the approach is indicated as LP +V, advisory verti-
cal guidance will be provided.  This does not change 
how the approach should be flown, and the pilot is still 
responsible for descending to the correct altitude at 
each step down.  The approach still results in an MDA 
and missed approach point. 
1.  Within 30 nautical miles of the destination, the 
400W-series unit switches from en route mode to 
terminal mode and the CDI scale transitions from 
2.0 to 1.0 nautical miles, full scale deflection. 
2.  As you approach the IAF, a turn direction mes-
sage appears on the bottom of the screen. 
3.  As the distance (DIST) to the IAF approaches 
zero, the message is replaced by a time to turn 
advisory that counts down 10 seconds prior to 
the turn. 
4.  As you approach the FAF, the 400W-series 
unit will begin to automatically rescale in an 
angular fashion. This will allow the LP approach 
to be flown in the same fashion as a standard 
localizer approach. At 2.0 nautical miles from 
the FAF, CDI scaling is tightened from up to 
either 2° or 0.3 nautical miles, full scale deflec-
tion, whichever is smaller. 
5.  Sixty seconds prior to reaching the FAF, the 
400W-series unit will check the required 
Horizontal Alarm Limit (HAL) to ensure the GPS 
position integrity is within limits to complete 
the LP non-precision approach. In the event 
the HAL limits are exceeded, the approach will 
be downgraded, when available, indicated by 
“LNAV” on the moving map, otherwise the 
approach will be aborted. A message will note 
that the approach is downgraded and the NAV 
indicator will be flagged. You may continue the 
approach using LNAV non-precision minimums 
if there are LNAV minimums for this approach. 
In the rare event the GPS HAL limits cannot 
meet non-precision limits, the 400W-series unit 
will notify the pilot with a message to abort the 
approach. The 400W-series unit will revert to 
terminal limits of 1.0 NM to support navigation 
to the missed approach. If the approach is indi-
cating an LP +V, it is possible that the advisory 
vertical guidance could be removed without 
annunciation due to the vertical guidance not 
being within tolerances.  This does not consti-
tute a downgrade, and the approach can still be 
flown to LP minimums. 
6.  As you cross the FAF, the destination sequences to 
the MAP. With the needle on the external CDI (or 
HSI) centered, fly toward the MAP, observing the 
altitude minimums dictated by the approach plate. 
7. When viewing the Map Page, you’ll note that 
the final course segment is displayed in ma-
genta (the active leg of the flight plan always 
appears in magenta). 
8.  As you approach the MAP, a waypoint message 
(“Arriving at Waypoint”) appears on the bottom 
of the screen. 
9. At the MAP initiate the missed approach, if 
necessary. Once the 400W-series unit crosses 
the MAP sequencing will be suspended. Prepare 
the aircraft for missed approach operation. 
Press the OBS key to sequence to the Missed 
Approach procedure. 
 NOTE: For missed approaches with heading legs, 
fly manually until the first active course leg is 
reached, as described in earlier sections. 
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10. Fly the guidance provided by the 400W-series unit to the MAHP and hold.\
 
RNAV Approach Procedures
The GNS 400W Series allows for flying LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, LNAV + V, LP, LP +V, and LPV approaches accord-
ing to the published chart. 
HSI  
Annunciation
DescriptionMinimums
L/VNAVLateral Navigation/Vertical Navigation. RNAV non-precision approach with vertical guid-
ance. 
Published LNAV/VNAV 
minimums. 
LNAV Lateral Navigation.  RNAV non-precision approach. Published LNAV minimums. 
LNAV  + VLateral Navigation with Advisory Vertical Guidance. RNAV non-precision LNAV approach 
with advisory vertical guidance.  The glidepath is typically denoted by a light dashed line 
on the vertical profile (Jeppeson only) with an associated glidepath\
 angle (usually in the 
3.00 degree range) and is provided to assist the pilot in maintaining a constant ver\
tical 
glidepath, similar to an ILS glideslope. 
Published LNAV minimums. 
LPVLocalizer Performance with Vertical guidance (LPV) approach.  
RNAV precision approach. 
Published LPV minimums. 
LPLP indicates Localizer Performance with no vertical guidance. Published LP minimums.
LP +VLP +V indicates Localizer Performance with advisory vertical guidance. This annunciation is 
available in SW Ver 5.10, or later. This advisory guidance follows the same nature as set by 
the LNAV +V as shown above. 
Published LP minimums. 
 NOTE:  Minimums will be controlling, do not descend below applicable minimum descent altitude or decision 
height until criteria of FAR 91.175 are met. 
Points to Remember for All Approaches
• The GNS 400W-series unit is designed to comple-
ment your printed approach plates and vastly 
improve situational awareness throughout the 
approach. However, you must always fly an approach 
as it appears on the approach plate. 
• The active leg (or the portion of the approach cur-
rently in use) is depicted in magenta on the Map 
Page. As you fly the approach, the 400W-series 
unit automatically sequences through each leg 
of the approach unless “SUSP” appears above 
the OBS key. “SUSP” indicates that automatic 
sequencing of approach waypoints is suspended on 
the current leg and normally appears at holding 
patterns and upon crossing the missed approach 
point (MAP). 
•  For roll steering autopilots: roll steering is ter-
minated when approach mode is selected on the 
autopilot and is available once the missed approach 
is initiated. 
• If Vectors-to-Final is activated while on the “FROM” 
side of the FAF, automatic waypoint sequencing is 
suspended and the SUSP annunciation will appear. 
Automatic waypoint sequencing will resume once 
the aircraft is on the “TO” side of the FAF and within 
RNAV Approach  Procedures
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full-scale deflection. This is a new feature with the 
400W-series. 
•  For all approaches and departures, make sure to 
recheck the runway, transition, and all waypoints. 
If ATC directs you to make a change, recheck each 
element again. 
Points to Remember for Localizer or VOR-
based Approaches
•  The default factory setting allows the CDI output 
to automatically switch from the GPS receiver to 
the LOC receiver. This may be changed to manual 
in some installations. If the “ILS CDI Selection” set-
ting is changed to “Manual”, you must determine 
when to select “GPS” or “VLOC” guidance during 
the approach. Remember, “VLOC” is required for 
the final course segment from Final Approach Fix 
(FAF) to MAP. 
 NOTE: Installations with certain autopilots, such 
as the KAP 140 and KFC225, do not allow auto-
matic ILS CDI switching. 
 NOTE:  GPS level of service annunciations (LPV, 
ENR, etc.) are not applicable to the external CDI 
(or HSI) when VLOC is active. 
• If the CDI output has not automatically switched 
from GPS to ILS upon reaching the FAF, you must 
manually switch to the VLOC receiver by pressing 
the CDI key. Verify that “VLOC” is displayed directly 
above to the CDI key. 
•  Automatic switching of CDI output is available 
for ILS, localizer, SDF and LDA approaches. Auto-
matic CDI switching is not available for backcourse 
approaches or VOR approaches. 
•  When flying an approach with the autopilot coupled, 
you must monitor system functions at all times and 
verify that the autopilot and external CDI (or HSI) 
switch to the VLOC receiver with sufficient time to 
capture and track the approach course. Switching 
to “VLOC” late in the approach may not provide the 
autopilot enough time to respond and intercept the 
approach course prior to the FAF (depending upon 
the performance characteristics of your autopilot and 
aircraft). In such instances, you should manually fly 
the approach or refer to the documentation provided 
with your autopilot. 
•  When an ILS or VOR approach is first selected or 
executed, the frequency is automatically checked. 
If the frequency is correct, you will not receive a 
message regarding the frequency. If the frequency 
is incorrect, you will receive a message and you 
must place the ILS or VLOC frequency in the active 
frequency field. 
•  When flying a localizer-based approach 
(other than backcourse) with automatic CDI  
switching enabled: 
1.    “GPS” guidance may be used while flying 
outbound and on the initial portion of the 
procedure turn. 
2.   “VLOC” guidance is used on the remainder of 
the approach from the time you turn inbound 
on the procedure turn. 
3.   The localizer frequency must be active to use 
“VLOC” guidance at the MAP. Press the CDI 
key to switch back to GPS data when the 
missed approach is initiated. 
Points to Remember
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• When flying a localizer-based approach with auto-
matic CDI switching disabled: 
1.   You may select “VLOC” guidance at any point 
on the approach prior to reaching the FAF. 
2.   The localizer frequency must be active to use 
“VLOC” guidance. 
Enabling Autopilot Outputs for the King 
KAP140/KFC225
Autopilot outputs for the King KAP140/KFC225 
autopilots are activated manually by the pilot after 
being prompted during the approach procedure. After 
enabling outputs, the 400W-series unit will provide 
guidance information consistent with what the auto-
pilot expects (i.e., angular CDI scaling and glideslope 
capture for an LPV or other vertically guided GPS 
approach. 
Conditions for autopilot outputs
1.   The 400W-series unit must be configured during 
installation to interface with these autopilots 
and using “Prompt” for GPS Select. 
2.   Guidance to the FAF is active as indicated by 
Approach mode annunciation (LNAV, LNAV+V, 
L/VNAV, LP, LP +V, or LPV). 
To enable autopilot outputs
1.   Load and activate approach information as 
usual. 
2.   When you are turned on course to the FAF (Track 
and Desired Track are within 10°), a message 
will prompt you to enable the autopilot outputs 
before using your autopilot for an approach. 
3.   Press PROC.  Highlight “Enable A/P APR  Out-
puts?” with the large right knob, if necessary, 
and press ENT. 
4.   Press the Approach button on the autopilot to 
switch it to Approach mode. Your autopilot will 
now use guidance from the 400W-series unit 
for the approach. 
Enabling Autopilot  Outputs
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WPT Page Group
Section 6   
WPT Pages
WPT Page Group
The Waypoint (WPT) page group provides infor-
mation about the thousands of airports, VORs, NDBs, 
intersections, runways, frequencies, and procedures 
stored on your Jeppesen NavData® card. A WPT page 
is also provided to display information for up to 1,000 
user-created waypoints. 
To quickly select a WPT page: 
1.   From any page, press and hold CLR to select 
the default NAV page. (You may skip this step 
if you are already viewing any of the main 
pages.) 
2.   Turn the large right knob to select the WPT 
page group. “WPT” will appear in the lower 
right corner of the screen. 
3.   Turn the small right knob to select the desired 
WPT page. 
 NOTE: Please note that your 400W-series uses ICAO identifiers for all airports. All U.S. airport identifiers which 
contain only letters use the prefix “K”. For example, Los Angeles International is KLAX under the ICAO standard. 
Other airports, such as Otten Memorial (3VS), that contain numbers in the identifier, do not require the “K” prefix. 
Many foreign countries use two letter prefixes. 
Airport LocationAirport RunwayAirport FrequencyAirport ApproachAirport ArrivalAirport Departure
IntersectionNDBVORUser Waypoint
NAV
7+ available pages 
(see Section 2)
WPT
10 available pages 
(see list below)
AUX
4 available pages 
(see Section 9)
NRST
8 available pages 
(see Section 7)
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The WPT page group includes ten pages. While 
viewing any WPT page, turn the small right knob 
to select a different WPT page. The first six pages 
provide detailed information for the selected airport: 
location, runways, frequencies, approaches, arrivals, 
and departures. The last four pages provide informa-
tion for intersections, NDBs, VORs and user-created 
waypoints. 
After a WPT page is selected, information for a 
waypoint may be viewed by entering the identifier (or 
name) of the desired waypoint. Airports, NDBs and 
VORs may be selected by identifier, facility name or 
location (city). 
To enter a waypoint identifier: 
1.   Select the desired WPT page and press the 
small right knob to activate the cursor. 
2.   Turn the small right knob to select the first 
character of the waypoint’s identifier. 
3.  Turn the large right knob to select the next 
character field. 
4.   Turn the small right knob to select the desired 
character. 
5.   Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the identifier is 
selected, then press ENT. 
6.   To remove the flashing cursor, press the small 
right knob. 
To enter a waypoint facility name or city location: 
1.   Select the airport location page, NDB page or 
VOR page from the WPT page group. 
2.   Press  the small right knob to activate the 
cursor. 
3.   Turn the large right knob to select the facility 
name or location (city) field. 
4.   Turn the small right knob to select the desired 
character. 
5.   Turn the large right knob to select the next 
character field. 
6.  Repeat steps 4 and 5 until the facility name or 
location is selected, then press ENT. 
7.   To remove the flashing cursor, press the small 
right knob. 
Identifier, Facility, Location or City
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Duplicate Waypoints
Duplicate Waypoints
Once the identifier, facility name or location is 
entered, all six airport pages will display informa-
tion for the selected airport. As you enter an iden-
tifier, facility name or location, the 400W-series 
Spell’N’Find™ feature will scroll through the database, 
displaying those waypoints matching the characters 
you have entered to that point. If duplicate entries 
exist for the entered facility name or location, addi-
tional entries may be viewed by continuing to turn 
the small right knob during the selection process. 
If duplicate entries exist for an entered identifier, a 
duplicate waypoint page will appear once you select the 
identifier (by pressing ENT). 
To select a facility name or location, where dupli-
cate entries exist: 
1.  Select the desired facility name or location. 
2.   As you spell the facility name or location, 
using the small and large right knobs, the 
400W-series Spell’N’Find feature will select 
the first entry in the database based upon the 
characters you have entered up to that point. 
3.   Continue turning the small right knob to 
scroll through any additional database listings 
for the selected facility name or location. You 
can scroll backwards with the small right 
knob if you scroll past the desired facility name 
or location. 
4.   Press ENT to select the desired facility name 
or location. 
5.   To remove the flashing cursor, press the small 
right knob. 
To select a waypoint identifier from a list of 
duplicates: 
1.   Select the desired airport or navaid identifier. 
2.   A duplicate waypoints window will appear. 
Turn the large right knob to select the desired 
waypoint and press ENT. 
3.   To remove the flashing cursor, press the small 
right knob. 
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Airport Location
Airport Location Page
The airport location page displays the latitude, lon-
gitude, and elevation of the selected airport. The air-
port location page also displays facility name and loca-
tion, as well as fuel availability, available approaches, 
radar coverage and airspace type. 
Facility Name and Location (city)
Airport Identifier, Symbol and Type
Latitude/Longi- tude Position
First Page 
in WPT group
Best Available 
Approach and 
Radar Coverage
Field Elevation, 
Available Fuels and  Airspace Type
The following descriptions and abbreviations are 
used: 
• Type—     Usage type: Public, Military, Heliport, 
or Private
•  Position—    Latitude/Longitude  (degrees/minutes 
or degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRS 
or UTM/UPS
• Elevation—  In feet or meters
• Fuel—    For public-use airports, the avail-
able fuel type(s) are: Avgas (80-
87/100LL/100-130/Mogas), Jet, or 
None
• Approach—    Best available approach: ILS, 
MLS, LOC, LDA, SDF, GPS, VOR, 
RNAV (“RNV”), LORAN (“LOR”), 
NDB, TACAN (“TCN”), Helicopter 
(“HEL”), or VFR
•   Radar—    Radar coverage: Yes or No
• Airspace—     Control environment: CTA, TMA, 
TRSA, Class B, Class C, Class D, or 
none
Airport Location Page Options
Select Next FPL Apt?
Selecting the Next Airport page menu option 
allows you to display the next waypoint in the 
flight plan and activates it for editing. 
To select the next FPL airport from the Airport 
Location Page: 
1. Press MENU to display the Airport Location 
Page Options. 
2.  Turn the small or large right knob to high-
light “Select Next FPL Apt? and then press 
ENT. 
Select Destination Apt?
Selecting the Destination Airport page menu option 
allows you to display the Destination waypoint in 
the flight plan.
To select the Destination airport from the Airport 
Approach Page: 
1. Press MENU to display the Airport Approach 
Page Options. 
2.  Turn the small or large right knob to high-
light “Select Destination Apt? and then press 
ENT. 
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