Garmin 430w Manual

							Pilot’s Guide
& Reference
400W Series 
						

							Foreword
Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A. 
Tel: 913/397.8200    Fax: 913/397.8282
Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Rd., S.E., Salem, Oregon  97302, U.S.A. 
Tel: 503/581.8101    Fax: 503/364.2138
Garmin (Europe) Ltd. 
Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road, Hounsdown Business Park, Southhampton, \
SO40 9RB, U.K. 
Tel. +44 (0) 37 0850 1243     Fax +44 (0) 23 8052 4004
Garmin Singapore Pte. Ltd., 46 East Coast Road, #05-06 Eastgate, Singapore 428766 
Tel. (65) 63480378       Fax (65) 63480278
Web Site Address: www.garmin.com or https://fly.garmin.com/fly-garmin
This manual reflects the operation of Main System Software versions 2.00, 3.00, 4.00, 5.00, 5.10, 5.30, or later. Some 
differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later so\
ftware 
versions. 
© 2016 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Except as expressly provided herein, no part of this 
manual may be reproduced, copied, transmitted, disseminated, downloaded or stored in any storage medium, 
for any purpose without the express written permission of Garmin. Garmin hereby grants permission to down-
load a single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage 
medium to be viewed for personal use, provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual or revision 
must contain the complete text of this copyright notice and provided further that any unauthorized commercial 
distribution of this manual or any revision hereto is strictly prohibited. 
Information in this document is subject to change without notice. Garmin\
 reserves the right to change or improve 
their products and to make changes in the content of this material without oblig\
ation to notify any person or orga-
nization of such changes or improvements. 
January 2016  190-00356-00 Rev. K
Foreword 
						

							i
 WARNING: The  altitude calculated by the 400W-series is geometric height above mean sea level and could vary significantly from altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in aircraft. 
 WARNING: The Jeppesen database incorporated in the 400W-series must be updated regularly in order to ensure that its information is current. Updates are released every 28 days. A database information packet is included in your 400W-series package. Pilots using an out-of-date database do so entirely at their own risk! 
 WARNING: VNAV is to be used for advisory purposes only.  VNAV messages or vertical speed required should not be used to maintain terrain or ATC clearances.  Ter-rain and ATC clearances are the sole responsibility of the pilot. 
 WARNING: Do not use GPS to navigate to any active waypoint identified as a “NON WGS84 WPT” by a system message. “NON WGS84 WPT” waypoints are derived from an unknown map reference datum that may be incompatible with the map reference datum used by GPS (known as WGS84) and may be positioned in error as displayed. 
 WARNING:  Do not use data link weather  information 
for maneuvering in, near, or around areas of hazard-
ous weather.  Information contained within data link 
weather products may not accurately depict current 
weather conditions. 
 WARNING:  Do not use the indicated data link weather product age to determine the age of the weather information shown by the data link weather product.  Due to time delays inherent in gathering and processing weather data for data link transmission, the weather information shown by the data link weather product may be significantly older than the indicated weather product age. 
 CAUTION: The Global Positioning System is operated by the United States government, which is solely re-sponsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the Garmin 400W-series are precision electronic NAViga-
tion AIDs (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted and therefore become unsafe. 
 CAUTION: Use the 400W-series at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of this Owner’s Manual and the Flight Manual Supplement, and thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use. When in actual use, carefully compare indications from the 400W-series to all available navigation sources, including the informa-tion from other NAVAIDS, visual sightings, charts, etc. For safety, always resolve any discrepancies before continu-ing navigation. 
 CAUTION: The electronic chart is an aid to naviga-tion and is designed to facilitate the use of authorized government charts, not replace them. Land and water data is provided only as a general reference to your surroundings. The positional accuracy of the land and water data is not of a precision suitable for use in navigation and it should not be used for navigation. Only official government charts and notices contain all information needed for safe navigation – and, as always, the user is responsible for their prudent use. 
 CAUTION: The Terrain feature is for supplemental awareness only. The pilot/crew is responsible for all terrain and obstacle avoidance using information not provided by the 400W-series Terrain feature. 
 CAUTION: The Garmin 400W-series does not contain 
any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by an authorized Garmin service center. Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void your warranty and authority to operate this device under FCC Part 15 regulations. 
 CAUTION: GPS receivers operate by receiving and decoding very low power radio signals broadcast by satellites. It is possible that in some situations other radio equipment or electronic equipment used in close proximity to a GPS receiver may create electromagnetic interference (EMI) which may affect the ability of the GPS receiver to receive and decode the satellite signals. In such event, the interference may be reduced or eliminated by switching off the source of interference 
or moving the GPS receiver away from it. 
 NOTE:  The GNS 400W-series units use a different database than in the legacy units. The databases are in-compatible between units. The GNS 400W-series units must use a  WAAS enabled database. 
Warnings, Cautions, and Notes
Introduction
Warnings, Cautions, and Notes
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NOTE:  This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC limits for 
Class B digital devices. This equipment generates, uses, and 
can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and 
used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful 
interference to radio communications. Furthermore, there is 
no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular 
installation. 
If this equipment does cause harmful interference, the user is 
encouraged to try to correct the interference by relocating the 
equipment or connecting the equipment to a different circuit 
than the affected equipment. Consult an authorized dealer or 
other qualified avionics technician for additional help if these 
remedies do not correct the problem.
Operation of this device is subject to the following conditions: 
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) 
this device must accept any interference received, including 
interference that may cause undesired operation. 
To obtain accessories for your 400W-series, please contact 
your Garmin dealer. 
Help us better support you by completing our on-line registra-
tion form today! Registration ensures that you will be notified 
of product updates and new products and provides lost or sto-
len unit tracking. Please, have the serial number of your unit 
handy, connect to our web site (www.garmin.com) and look for 
our Product Registration link on the home page. 
The 400W-series display lenses are coated with a special anti-
reflective coating which is very sensitive to skin oils, waxes 
and abrasive cleaners. It is very important to clean the lens 
using an eyeglass lens cleaner which is specified as safe for 
anti-reflective coatings and a clean, lint-free cloth. 
Warnings, Cautions, and Notes
Garmin is fully committed to your 
satisfaction as a customer. If you 
have any questions regarding the 
400W-series, please contact our 
customer service department at:
Garmin International, Inc. 
1200 East 151st Street 
Olathe, KS  66062-3426 U.S.A.
Phone: (913) 397-8200
Fax: (913) 397-8282
AC 90-100 Statement of Compliance:  The Garmin 400W 
navigational unit meets the performance and functional 
requirements of AC 90-100A. 
 NOTE:  This product, its packaging, and its components contain chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. This notice is being provided in accordance with California’s 
Proposition 65. If you have any questions or would like additional information, please refer to our website at www.garmin.com/prop65. 
 NOTE: It is the pilot’s responsibility for initial missed approach guidance in accordance with published pro-cedure. The unit may not provide correct guidance until established on a defined leg. 
 NOTE:  GPS level of service annunciations (LPV, ENR, etc.) are not applicable to the external CDI (or HSI) when VLOC is active. 
 NOTE:  Do not rely solely upon data link services to provide Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) information.  Always confirm TFR information through official sources such as Flight Service Stations or Air Traffic Control. 
 NOTE:  Canadian installations:  In accordance with Canadian Radio Specifications Standard 102 (RSS 102), RF field strength exposure to persons from an antenna connected to this device should be limited to 60V/m for controlled environment and 28 V/m for uncontrolled environment. 
INTRODUCTION 
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Accessories and Packing List
Congratulations on choosing the world’s finest 
panel-mounted IFR navigation/communication system! 
The 400W-series represents Garmin’s continued com-
mitment to providing you with the most advanced 
technology available today — in an accurate, easy-to-
use design suitable for all of your flying needs. 
 Unless otherwise specified within this manual, 
the term "400W-series" applies to the GPS 400W, 
GNC 420W, GNC 420AW, GNS 430W, and GNS 
430AW models. Please note that the difference 
between these models is indicated in the Specifi-
cations section of this manual (see Appendix B). 
Before installing and getting started with your new 
system, please ensure that your package includes the 
following items. If any parts are missing or are dam-
aged, please contact your Garmin dealer. 
Standard Package:
• Garmin 400W-series Unit
• NavData® Card
• Terrain Card
• GPS Antenna
• Installation Rack & Connectors
• Pilot’s Guide
• Quick Reference
• 400W/500W Series Display Interfaces  
 Addendum
• 400W/500W Series Garmin Optional Display  
 Interfaces Addendum
•  GNS 400W/500W-series Simulator Training  
 CD-ROM
• Database Subscription Packet
• Warranty Registration Card
Upgrade Package:
• Garmin 400W-series Unit
• NavData® Card
• Terrain Card (optional)
• GPS Antenna
• Pilot’s Guide & Reference
• Quick Reference
• 400W/500W Series Display Interfaces  
 Addendum
• 400W/500W Series Garmin Optional Display  
 Interfaces Addendum
•  GNS 400W/500W-series Simulator Training  
 CD-ROM
• Database Subscription Packet
• Warranty Registration Card
Your Garmin dealer will perform the installation 
and configuration of your new 400W-series unit. After 
installation, the NavData® card will already be installed 
into the correct slot on the front of the unit (see 
Appendix A). The 400W-series will be secured in the 
installation rack with the proper wiring connections. 
Have your dealer answer any questions you may have 
about the installation — such as location of antennas 
or any connections to other equipment in the panel. 
Accessories and Packing List
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Limited Warranty
This Garmin product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for two years from the 
date of purchase. Within this period, Garmin will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail in 
normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts and labor, provided 
that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost. This warranty does not cover fai\
lures due to 
abuse, misuse, accident, or unauthorized alterations or repairs. 
THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL 
OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY LIABILITY ARISING UNDER 
ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, STATUTORY OR 
OTHERWISE. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS, WHICH MAY VARY FROM STATE TO 
STATE. 
IN NO EVENT SHALL GARMIN BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSE-
QUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER RESULTING FROM THE USE, MISUSE, OR INABILITY TO USE THIS 
PRODUCT OR FROM DEFECTS IN THE PRODUCT. Some states do not allow the exclusion of incidental or 
consequential damages, so the above limitations may not apply to you. 
Garmin retains the exclusive right to repair or replace the unit or software, or to offer a full refund of the pur-
chase price, at its sole discretion. SUCH REMEDY SHALL BE YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR ANY 
BREACH OF WARRANTY. 
To obtain warranty service, contact your local Garmin Authorized Service Center. For assistance in locating 
a Service Center near you, visit the Garmin Web site at “http://www.garmin.com” or contact Garmin Customer 
Service at 866-739-5687. 
Warranty
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Table of Contents
Contents
Introduction ........................................................................\
.........................i
Warnings, Cautions, and Notes ........................................................i
Accessories and Packing List ..........................................................iii
Limited Warranty ........................................................................\
.....iv
Model Descriptions ........................................................................\
..1
GPS 400W ........................................................................\
........1
GNC 420W/420AW ..................................................................1
GNS 430W/430AW ...................................................................1
Takeoff Tour ........................................................................\
........................1
Key and Knob Functions ..................................................................2
Left-hand Keys and Knobs .........................................................2
Right-hand Keys and Knobs.......................................................3
Bottom Row Keys ......................................................................4
Power On ........................................................................\
...................5
Powering up the 400W-Series Unit.................................................5
Instrument Panel Self-Test ...............................................................6
Fuel On Board and Checklists .........................................................7
Acquiring Satellites/Messages ........................................................8
Selecting COM and VLOC Frequencies ...........................................9
Page Groups ........................................................................\
............10
Nav Pages ........................................................................\
................12
Default Nav Page ........................................................................\
....13
Map Page ........................................................................\
.................14
NavCom Page ........................................................................\
..........15
Direct-To Navigation ......................................................................16
IFR Procedures ........................................................................\
........17
Nearest (NRST) Pages .....................................................................18
Nearest Airport .......................................................................19
Nearest Airspace  Page ...................................................................20
Flight Plans ........................................................................\
..............21
Section 1 - COM - Communicating Using the GNC 420W/AW and 
GNS 430W/AW ........................................................................\
...................23
Volume ........................................................................\
.....................23
Squelch ........................................................................\
.....................23
COM Window  and Tuning ...............................................................24
Auto-Tuning ........................................................................\
.............25
Emergency Channel ........................................................................\
27
Stuck Microphone ........................................................................\
...27
Remote Frequency Selection Control ...........................................28
Section 2  NAV Pages ........................................................................\
......29
Main Page Groups ........................................................................\
..29
NAV Page Group ........................................................................\
.....29
Default NAV Page ........................................................................\
...30
Selecting Desired On-Screen Data............................................31
Restoring Factory Settings .......................................................32
Dual Unit Considerations ........................................................32
Map Page ........................................................................\
.................32
Map Symbols ........................................................................\
..33
Map Range ........................................................................\
.....33
Map Page Auto Zoom .............................................................34
Map Panning ........................................................................\
..35
Map Direct-To ........................................................................\
.36
Airspace Information on the Map ............................................36
Map Page Options ........................................................................\
..37
Map Setup ........................................................................\
......37
Data Fields on the Map ...........................................................40
Selecting Desired On-Screen Data............................................40
Restoring Factory Settings .......................................................41
Terrain Operation ........................................................................\
....41
Operating Criteria ...................................................................41
Terrain Limitations ..................................................................41
TERRAIN Alerting ....................................................................42
Baro-Corrected Altitude ..........................................................42
Terrain Page  ........................................................................\
...42
Inhibit Mode ........................................................................\
...43
Terrain Symbols .......................................................................44
General Database Information .................................................45
Database Versions ...................................................................45
Database Updates ..................................................................45
Terrain/Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage ..........................46
Navigation Database ..............................................................46
TERRAIN Alerts ........................................................................\
........46
Pop-up Alerts ........................................................................\
..46
Forward  Looking Terrain Avoidance .........................................47
Premature Descent Alerting (PDA) ...........................................48
TERRAIN  Failure Alert ..............................................................48
“TERRAIN  Not Available” Alert ................................................49
NAVCOM Page ........................................................................\
.........51
Position Page ........................................................................\
...........52
Restoring Factory Settings ............................................................54
Satellite Status Page ......................................................................55
Vertical Navigation Page ...............................................................56
Dead Reckoning ........................................................................\
......59
Section 3  Direct-To Navigation ...........................................................61
Selecting a Direct-To Waypoint by Facility Name or City ..........62
Selecting a Direct-To Waypoint from the Active Flight Plan .....63
Selecting the Nearest Airport as a Direct-To Waypoint .............63
Shortcuts ........................................................................\
..................64
Cancelling Direct-To Navigation ...................................................65
Specifying a Course to a Waypoint ...............................................65
Selecting Direct-To a Holding Pattern ..........................................66
Section 4 Flight Plans ........................................................................\
.....67
Flight Plan Catalog ........................................................................\
.67
Flight Plan Catalog Editing ............................................................67
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Flight Plan Catalog Options ..........................................................68
Activating Flight Plans .............................................................68
Inverting Flight Plans ..............................................................69
Create a new flight plan ..........................................................69
Crossfill ........................................................................\
..........70
Copying Flight Plans ...............................................................70
Deleting Flight Plans ...............................................................70
Deleting All Flight Plans ..........................................................71
 
Sort List By Number?/Sort List by Comment?  ..........................71
Active Flight Plan Page ..................................................................72
Active Flight Plan Options .............................................................72
Activate Leg ........................................................................\
....72
Crossfill ........................................................................\
..........73
Manual GTN Crossfill ..............................................................73
Copy Flight Plan......................................................................73
Invert Flight Plan .....................................................................73
Delete Flight Plan....................................................................73
Select Approach ......................................................................74
Select Arrival ........................................................................\
...75
Select Departure .....................................................................75
Remove Approach, Arrival,  or  Departure ..................................76
Closest Point of FPL ................................................................76
Parallel Track ........................................................................\
...77
Change Fields ........................................................................\
.78
Restore Defaults .....................................................................78
Shortcuts ........................................................................\
..................78
Flight Plan Transfer Feature (optional with software V 3.20 or 
later)  ........................................................................\
........................80
Section 5 - Procedures - Approaches, Departures, & Arrivals .......83
Basic Approach  Operations ...........................................................85
Approaches with Procedure Turns ................................................86
Flying the Procedure Turn ..............................................................87
Flying the Missed Approach ..........................................................90
Flying an Approach with a Hold ....................................................91
Flying  a  DME Arc Approach ...........................................................94
Vectors to Final ........................................................................\
.......97
Flying  the Vectors Approach ..........................................................98
Course From Fix Flight Plan Legs ................................................100
ILS Approaches ........................................................................\
......104
Selecting an ILS Approach .....................................................105
Flying the ILS Approach .........................................................106
Selecting an LPV Approach ..........................................................109
Flying the LPV Approach .......................................................110
Flying the LP Approach ................................................................112
RNAV Approach  Procedures.........................................................113
Points to Remember for All Approaches ....................................113
Points to Remember for Localizer or VOR-based Approaches 114
Enabling Autopilot Outputs for the King KAP140/KFC225 ......115
Section 6  WPT Pages ........................................................................\
....117
WPT Page Group ........................................................................\
...117
Duplicate Waypoints.....................................................................119
Airport Runway Page ...................................................................121
Airport Frequency Page ...............................................................122
Airport Approach  Page .................................................................124
Airport Arrival  Page ......................................................................126
Airport Departure Page................................................................127
Intersection Page ........................................................................\
..129
NDB Page ........................................................................\
...............129
VOR Page ........................................................................\
...............130
User Waypoint  Page ......................................................................131
Creating  User Waypoints .............................................................131
Creating User Waypoints from the Map Page ...........................133
Modifying  User Waypoints...........................................................133
User Waypoint Page Options .......................................................134
User Waypoint  List ........................................................................\
135
Section 7  NRST Pages ........................................................................\
..137
NRST Page Group ........................................................................\
..137
Navigating to a Nearby Waypoint ..............................................139
Nearest Airport  Page ....................................................................139
Nearest Intersection Page ...........................................................141
Nearest NDB Page ........................................................................\
141
Nearest VOR  Page ........................................................................\
.141
Nearest User Waypoint Page .......................................................142
Nearest Center (ARTCC) Page ......................................................142
Nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) Page .................................143
Nearest Airspace  Page .................................................................144
Section 8  VLOC (VOR/Localizer/Glideslope) Receiver Operations ... 
  ........................................................................\
...................................149
Ident Audio  and Volume ...............................................................149
VLOC Window  and Tuning ............................................................149
CDI Key ........................................................................\
...................152
Section 9  AUX Pages ........................................................................\
....153
AUX Page Group........................................................................\
....153
Flight Planning Page .....................................................................154
Fuel Planning ........................................................................\
155
Trip Planning........................................................................\
.157
Density Alt  / TAS  / Winds .......................................................158
Crossfill Operation ................................................................159
Scheduler ........................................................................\
.....161
Utility Page ........................................................................\
............163
Checklists ........................................................................\
.....165
Flight Timers ........................................................................\
.166
Trip Statistics ........................................................................\
167
RAIM Prediction ....................................................................168
Sunrise / Sunset ....................................................................169
Software / Database Versions ................................................169
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Setup 1 Page ........................................................................\
.........170
Airspace Alarms ....................................................................172
CDI Scale / Alarms.................................................................173
Units / Mag Var .....................................................................174
Position Format .....................................................................175
Map Datum  ........................................................................\
.175
Date  / Time ........................................................................\
...175
Restoring Factory Settings .....................................................176
Setup 2 Page ........................................................................\
.........176
Display ........................................................................\
.........178
Nearest Airport  Criteria .........................................................179
SBAS Selection ......................................................................179
Section 10  Fault Detection & Exclusion ...........................................180
Detection and Exclusion ..............................................................180
Section 11  Messages, Abbreviations, and Navigation Terminology 
  ........................................................................\
...................................181
Messages ........................................................................\
...............181
Turn Advisory  and Arrival Annunciations ...................................188
Flight Plan Transfer Messages .....................................................188
Abbreviations ........................................................................\
........189
Navigation Terms ........................................................................\
..193
Appendix A  NavData Card Use ..........................................................195
Appendix B  Specifications ..................................................................196
Appendix C  Troubleshooting Q&A ....................................................197
Index ........................................................................\
.................................203
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