Garmin 430w Manual

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Model Descriptions
This guide covers the operation of the GPS 400W, 
GNC 420W, GNC 420AW, GNS 430W, GNS 430AW. In 
general, all models will be referred to as the 400W-series, 
except where there are physical or operational differ-
ences. The 400W-series units are 6.25” wide and 2.66” 
high. The display is a 240 by 128 pixel color LCD. The 
units include two removable data cards, one with a 
Jeppesen database (inserted in the left-most card slot) 
and the second being a Terrain database (inserted in the 
right-most card slot). 
GPS 400W
The GPS 400W has a WAAS GPS engine and is TSO 
C146a certified for primary domestic, oceanic, and 
remote navigation including en route, terminal, and 
non-precision approaches, and approaches with vertical 
guidance, such as LPV and LNAV/VNAV. The GPS 400W 
can simultaneously give aviators vital approach infor-
mation and weather and traffic data in relation to their 
position on a color moving map display. Thanks to a 
high-contrast color display, the information can be easily 
read from wide viewing angles even in direct sunlight. Its 
color moving map features a built-in database that shows 
cities, highways, railroads, rivers, lakes, coastlines, and a 
complete Jeppesen database. The huge Jeppesen data-
base (that can be updated with a front-loading data card) 
contains all airports, VORs, NDBs, Intersections, FSS, 
Approach, DPs/STARs, and SUA information. 
Pilots will enjoy the GPS 400W as an MFD, espe-
cially when it is coupled with traffic, lightning detection, 
and weather interfaces like Ryan TCAD, TIS from the 
Garmin GTX 3xx transponders, or L3 SKYWATCH™, 
or STORMSCOPE® WX 500. With the PC-based FDE 
prediction program, the GPS 400W may be used for oce-
anic or remote operations. For the latest in graphical and 
textual weather information, the GPS 400W can connect 
to XM Satellite Radio’s XM WX Weather Service via the 
GDL 69/69A datalink receiver. 
GNC 420W/420AW
The GNS 430W/AW includes all of the features of 
the GPS 400W, and also includes TSO’d airborne VHF 
communications transceiver. This multipurpose unit is 
available with either a 10-watt (GNS 420W) or 16-watt 
28 V dc (GNS 420AW) COM. 
GNS 430W/430AW
The GNS 430W/AW includes all of the features of the 
GPS 420W/420AW, and also includes TSO’d airborne 
VOR/Localizer and Glideslope receivers. This multipur-
pose unit is available with either a 10-watt (GNS 430W) 
or 16-watt 28 V dc (GNS 430AW) COM. 
Takeoff Tour
This Takeoff Tour is intended to provide a brief 
introduction of the 400W-series major features. The 
rest of this manual describes these features, and others, 
in additional detail. Use this guide, as needed, to learn 
or review the details regarding a particular feature. The 
Index may be used to quickly locate the information 
you want. Before flying with your 400W-series unit, take 
the time to review the information in the manuals and 
practice with the trainer. 
After you’re familiar with the basics, some suggested 
reading within the Reference section includes: 
• Flight plan features - Section 4
• Waypoint information pages (database information) 
- Section 6
• IFR procedures - Section 5
• Unit settings (configuring the unit to your prefer-
ences) - Section 9
If you’re unable to locate the information you need, 
we’re here to help! Garmin’s Customer Service staff is 
available during normal business hours (U.S. Central 
time zone) at the phone and fax numbers listed on page 
ii. You can also reach us by mail (see page ii) or at our 
web site address: www.garmin.com. 
Model Descriptions
INTRODUCTION 
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f
 The small left knob (COM/VLOC) 
(420W/430W only) is used to tune the kilo-
hertz (kHz) value (to the right of the decimal 
point) of the standby frequency for the com-
munications transceiver (COM) or the VLOC 
receiver, whichever is currently selected by the 
tuning cursor. Press this knob momentarily 
to toggle the tuning cursor between the COM 
and VLOC frequency fields. 
W
 The COM flip-flop key (420W/430W only) 
is used to swap the active and standby COM 
frequencies. Press and hold to select emer-
gency channel (121.500 MHz). 
V
 The VLOC flip-flop key (430W only) is 
used to swap the active and standby VLOC 
frequencies (i.e., make the selected standby 
frequency active). 
Key and Knob Functions
Key and Knob Functions
The 400W-series unit is designed to make operation 
as simple as possible. The key and knob descriptions on 
the next three pages provide a general overview of the 
primary function(s) for each key and knob. This Takeoff 
Tour section is intended to provide a brief overview of 
the primary functions of your 400W-series unit. Experi-
ment with the unit and refer to the Reference sections 
for more information. 
Left-hand Keys and Knobs
Left-hand Keys and Knobs
GPS 400WGNC 420W/AW GNS 430W/AW
k The COM power/volume knob (420W/430W 
only) controls unit power and communications 
radio volume. Press momentarily to disable 
automatic squelch control. In the GPS 400W, 
this control is used only for power. 
j The VLOC volume knob (430W only) 
controls audio volume for the selected VOR/
Localizer frequency. Press momentarily to 
enable/disable the ident tone. 
h
 The large left knob (COM/VLOC) 
(420W/430W only) is used to tune the mega-
hertz (MHz) value (to the left of the decimal 
point) of the standby frequency for the com-
munications transceiver (COM) or the VLOC 
receiver, whichever is currently selected by 
the tuning cursor.  
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E The enter key (ENT) is used to approve an 
operation or complete data entry. It is also 
used to confirm information, such as during 
power on. 
d
 The large right knob is used to select 
between the various page groups: NAV, WPT, 
AUX or NRST. With the on-screen cursor 
enabled, the large right knob allows you to 
move the cursor about the page. 
a The small right knob (CRSR) is used to 
select between the various pages within one 
of the groups listed above. Press this knob 
momentarily to display the on-screen cursor. 
The cursor allows you to enter data and/or 
make a selection from a list of options. 
Key and Knob Functions
Right-hand Keys and Knobs
Right-hand Keys and Knobs
R The range key (RNG) allows you to select 
the desired map scale. Use the up arrow side 
of the key to zoom out to a larger area, or 
the down arrow side to zoom in to a smaller 
area. 
D The direct-to key provides access to the 
direct-to function, which allows you to enter 
a destination waypoint and establishes a 
direct course to the selected destination. See 
Section 3. 
m The MENU key displays a context-sensitive 
list of options. This options list allows you 
to access additional features or make settings 
changes which relate to the currently dis-
played page. 
c The clear key (CLR) is used to erase infor-
mation or cancel an entry. Press and hold 
this key to immediately display the Default 
Navigation Page, regardless of which page is 
currently displayed.  
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Key and Knob Functions
Bottom Row Keys
The nearest (NRST) key (400W/420W 
only) displays the nearest airports page. 
Then, turning the small right knob steps 
through the NRST pages. 
The CDI key (430W only) is used to toggle 
which navigation source (GPS or VLOC) pro-
vides output to an external HSI or CDI. 
The OBS key is used to select manual or 
automatic sequencing of waypoints. Pressing 
the OBS key selects OBS mode, which will 
retain the current “active to” waypoint as 
your navigation reference even after pass-
ing the waypoint (i.e., prevents sequencing 
to the next waypoint). Pressing the OBS 
key again will return to normal operation, 
with automatic sequencing of waypoints. 
Whenever OBS mode is selected, you may set 
the desired course to/from a waypoint using 
the OBS Page, or an external OBS selector on 
your HSI or CDI. 
The message key (MSG) is used to view 
system messages and important warnings and 
requirements. See Sections 11 and 9 for more 
information on messages and unit settings. 
The flight plan key (FPL) allows you to 
create, edit, activate and invert flight plans, 
as well as access approaches, departures and 
arrivals. A closest point to flight plan feature 
is also available from the flight plan key. See 
Section 4 for more information on flight 
plans. 
C
O
F
M
P
N
GPS 400W / GNC 420W
GNS 430W
The procedures key (PROC) allows you to 
select and remove approaches, departures 
and arrivals from your flight plan. When 
using a flight plan, available procedures for 
your departure and/or arrival airport are 
offered automatically. Otherwise, you may 
select the desired airport, then the desired 
procedure. 
Whenever the 400W-series unit is dis-
playing a list of information that is too 
long for the display screen, a scroll bar 
will appear along the right-hand side 
of the display. The scroll bar graphically 
indicates the number of additional items 
available within the selected category. 
Simply press the small right knob to 
activate the cursor and turn the large 
right knob to scroll through the list. 
}scroll bar 
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Power On
Power On
The Garmin 400W-series provides you accurate 
navigational data and some models also have com-
munication capability, along with non-precision and 
precision approach certification in the IFR environ-
ment. The Takeoff Tour is designed to familiarize you 
with the operation of the 400W-series — including 
powering up the unit, changing frequencies, entering 
data, performing a simple direct-to, selecting IFR pro-
cedures and provides a limited introduction to using 
flight plans. In addition, this section briefly covers the 
default navigation, map and frequency pages available 
as part of the NAV page group. These pages will be 
used for most of your in-flight navigation. 
The Takeoff Tour assumes that the unit and anten-
nas have been properly installed and you have not 
changed any of the 400W-series unit default settings. 
If you have changed any of the factory default settings 
(position format, units of measure, selectable fields, 
etc.), the pictures shown here may not exactly match 
what you see on your 400W-series unit. Prior to using 
your unit for the first time, we recommend that you 
taxi to a location that is well away from buildings 
and other aircraft so the unit can collect satellite data 
without interruption. 
Powering up the 400W-Series Unit
The 420W and 430W power and COM volume 
are controlled using the power/volume knob at the 
top left corner of the unit. The 400W power knob 
is located at the top left corner of the unit. Turning 
it clockwise will turn unit power on and increase the 
COM radio volume. After turning the unit on, a We l-
come page will be displayed while the unit performs a 
self test, followed by the database confirmation pages 
which show the current database information on the 
NavData card (with the valid operating dates, cycle 
number and database type indicated). The database 
is updated every 28 days, and must be current for 
approved instrument approach operations. Informa-
tion on database subscriptions is available inside your 
400W-series package. 
To acknowledge the database information, press 
ENT. 
Power-up Sequence  
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Instrument Panel Self-Test
Instrument Panel Self-Test
Once the database has been acknowledged, the 
instrument panel self-test page will appear. To ensure 
that your 400W-series unit and any connected instru-
ments are working properly, check for the following 
indications on your CDI/HSI, RMI, external annuncia-
tors and other connected instruments: 
•  Course deviation
• Glideslope
• TO/FROM flag
•  Time to destination
• Bearing to destination
•  Desired track
• Distance to dest.
•  Ground speed
• All external annunciators (if installed)
The instrument panel self-test page indicates the cur-
rently selected OBS course, fuel capacity (CAP), fuel 
on board (FOB) and fuel flow (FF). The fuel capacity, 
fuel on board and fuel flow may be manually entered 
if your installation does not include connection to sen-
sors which automatically provide these figures. 
To enter fuel capacity, fuel on board or fuel flow 
figures (if not provided by sensors): 
1.    Turn the large right knob to select the “CAP”, 
“FOB” or “FF” field. 
2.   Turn the small and large right knobs to enter 
the desired figure, then press ENT.  
Enter the fuel capacity, fuel on board or fuel 
flow figures directly onto the appropriate 
field of the instrument panel self-test page. 
These figures will automatically be provided  if your installation includes connection to  external sensors. 
Fuel Figures: May be  
entered manually if no 
sensor present
Select to display 
Checklists Page
Check CDI/HSI, 
RMI and other 
instruments  
to verify these  
indications
Should match current 
OBS course selection
Select to Set Fuel Level 
to Full Capacity
{
} 
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Fuel On Board and Checklists
The instrument panel self-test page includes selec-
tions to set fuel on board (FOB) to full capacity and 
access the checklists page. This allows you to quickly 
set fuel to full limits and display any checklists you’ve 
entered, such as start up or takeoff checklists. 
To set fuel on board to full (if not provided by 
sensor): 
1.  Turn  the large right knob to highlight “Set 
Full Fuel?”. 
Select “Set Full Fuel?” to set fuel on board 
(FOB) to full capacity.  
2.  Press ENT and verify that fuel on board 
(“FOB”) now matches the fuel capacity (CAP) 
figure. Fuel on board will now be reduced, over 
time, based on the fuel flow (FF) figure. 
Fuel On Board & Checklists
To view the checklists page: 
1.   Turn the large right knob to highlight “Go To 
Chklist?” and press ENT. 
Select “Go To Chklist?” to display the check-
list page and any available checklists. The 
400W-series unit can hold up to nine check- lists with up to 30 entries in each checklist.  
2.    Turn the large right knob to select the desired 
checklist, then follow the steps in Section 9 
- Aux Pages - Utility Page to execute each 
step in the selected checklist. 
3.   Once you complete the desired checklist(s), 
press the small right knob to return to the 
checklists page. Press the small right knob 
again to return to normal operation on the 
satellite status or map pages. 
Once you’ve verified instrument operation with 
the instrument panel self-test page displayed, 
press the ENT key. 
The satellite status page will appear as the 
400W-series unit begins to collect satellite informa-
tion. An “Acquiring” status will be displayed on the 
satellite status page, and the signal strength of any satel-
lites received will appear as “bar graph” readings. This 
is a good indication that you are receiving signals and 
a position fix will be determined. Following the first-
time use of your 400W-series unit, the time required 
for a position fix will vary—within two minutes.  
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Acquiring Satellites/Messages
If the 400W-series unit has not been operated for a 
period of six months or more, it may have to “Search 
the Sky” to collect new data. This means the unit is 
acquiring satellite data to establish almanac and satel-
lite orbit information, which can take 5 to 10 minutes. 
The Satellite Status Page displays a “Searching Sky” 
status, and the message annunciator (MSG) above the 
MSG key also flashes to alert you of a system message, 
“Searching the Sky”. 
The Time and other data may not be displayed 
until the unit has acquired enough satellites for a fix.
To view a system message, press the MSG key. 
Message Page
The message page will appear and display the status 
or warning information applicable to the receiver’s cur-
rent operating condition. 
To return to the previous page after viewing a 
message, press the MSG key again. 
The satellite status page shows the ID num-
bers for the satellites and the relative signal 
strength of each satellite received (as a “bar  graph” reading. 
“Searching Sky” indicates that satellite almanac 
data is not available. The data is recollected from the 
first available satellite. 
“Acquiring” indicates that satellites have been 
located and information is being acquired, but the 
receiver does not have enough satellites for a 3-dimen-
sional position. 
“3D NAV” indicates that a 3-dimensional position 
is available. 
“3D DIFF NAV” indicates when a 3-dimensional 
position is available and differential corrections are 
being used. 
The “INTEG” annunciator (bottom left corner of 
the screen) indicates that satellite coverage is insuffi-
cient to pass built-in integrity monitoring tests. 
Acquiring Satellites / Messages 
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Selecting COM and VLOC Frequencies
While the 400W-series unit is acquiring a position, 
let’s take a minute to dial in the active and standby 
frequencies you’ll be using for the first phase of your 
flight. The 400W-series display is divided into separate 
“windows” (or screen areas), including a COM window, 
VLOC window, and the GPS window. 
COM Window:
Active Frequency COM Window: 
Standby Frequency  with tuning cursor
VLOC Window:
Active Frequency
Pushing the small left knob activates the tuning 
cursor in the desired frequency window. To select the 
active frequency, you must first enter the frequency 
in the standby field, and use the COM flip-flop (or 
VLOC flip-flop) key to move it to the active field. 
To change the standby communication (COM) or 
VLOC frequency: 
1.   If the tuning cursor is not currently in the 
desired window (COM or VLOC), press the 
small left knob momentarily to switch the 
highlight between the COM and VLOC win-
dows. Adjusting the frequencies with the large 
and small left knobs will affect the standby 
frequency. 
2.  Turn the large left knob to select the desired 
megahertz (MHz) value. For example, the 
“135” portion of the frequency “135.325”. 
3.  Turn the small left knob to select the desired 
kilohertz (kHz) value. For example, the “.325” 
portion of the frequency “135.325”. 
4.  To activate the selected frequency, press the 
appropriate flip-flop key—COM for commu-
nication frequencies or VLOC for VOR/Localizer 
frequencies. 
Once you’ve entered the active frequency, simply 
repeat steps 1 through 3, above, to enter the standby 
frequency. After both communication frequencies have 
been entered, you may elect to keep the COM window 
‘hot’ by leaving the cursor on the standby frequency, or 
move the cursor to the VLOC window by pressing the 
small left knob. 
Once you’ve entered the active frequency, simply 
repeat steps 1 to 3, above, to enter the standby fre-
quency. After both communication frequencies have 
been entered, you may elect to keep the COM window 
“hot” by leaving the cursor on the standby frequency, 
or move the cursor to the VLOC window by pressing 
the small left knob. 
 NOTE: When selecting VLOC frequencies, the 
tuning cursor automatically returns to the COM 
window after 30 seconds of inactivity. 
 NOTE:  GPS level of service annunciations (LPV, 
ENR, etc. as shown on page 83) are not appli-
cable to the external CDI (or HSI) when VLOC is 
active. 
These features are only available in the 420W/430W 
units. 
Selecting COM and VLOC Frequencies420W / 430W Only 
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Page Groups
Page Groups
Default NAV
Map
NAVCOM
Position
Satellite Status
VNAV
NAV Group
Terrain
Selection of any main page is performed using the large and small right knobs. The large right knob selects the page group: NAV, WPT, AUX or 
NRST. The small right knob selects the desired page within a group. To quickly select the default NAV page, press and hold the CLR key. 
(Small right knob to select pages within the  group)
a
WPT Group
Arpt Location
Arpt Runway
Arpt Frequency
Arpt Approach
Arpt Arrival
Intersection
NDB
VOR
Arpt Departure
User Waypoint
(Large right knob to change page groups)d 
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