Garmin 430w Manual
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81 6. Once all flight plans have been loaded, power off the unit. 7. Remove the Flight Plan Card from the right card slot and place the Terrain Card back into the empty card slot. NOTE: The Flight Plan Card is only to be used on the ground. It must be removed prior to flight. 8. Apply power to the unit. 9. To activate a newly transferred flight plan, refer to Section Four “Activating Flight Plans.” 4 - FLIGHT PLANS 190-00356-00 Rev K
83 Approaches/Departures/Arrivals Section 5 - Procedures - Approaches, Departures, & Arrivals The 400W-series unit allows you to fly non-preci- sion and precision approaches to airports with pub- lished instrument approach procedures. All available approaches are stored on your Jeppesen NavData® card, and are automatically updated when you replace the card with a new one. Subscription information for Nav- Data cards is included in your 400W-series package. The Procedures Page is displayed by pressing the PROC key. The Procedures Page provides direct access to approaches, departures and arrivals — based upon the active flight plan or direct-to destination. In either case, the departure and destination airports must have published procedures associated with them. To select an approach, departure or arrival: 1. Press the PROC key to display the procedures page. 2. Turn the large right knob to highlight “Select Approach?”, “Select Departure?” or “Select Arrival?” and press ENT. 3. A window will appear listing the available pro- cedures. Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired procedure and press ENT. (When a direct-to destination is selected, departures are offered for the nearest airport.) 4. A second window will appear listing the avail- able transitions. Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired transition waypoint and press ENT. (The approach “Vectors” option assumes you will receive vectors to the final course segment of the approach and will pro- vide navigation guidance relative to the final approach course.) 5. Turn the large right knob to highlight “Load?” or “Activate?” (approaches only) and press ENT. “Load?” will add the procedure to the flight plan without immediately using it for nav- igation guidance. This allows you to continue navigating the original flight plan, but keeps the procedure available on the active flight plan page for quick activation when needed to later activate a departure or arrival. 6. For precision approaches and some non- precision approaches, a reminder window will appear indicating that GPS guidance on such approaches is strictly for monitoring only — use the VLOC receivers and external CDI (or HSI) for primary navigation. To confirm this reminder, highlight “Yes?” and press ENT. 5 - PROCEDURES 190-00356-00 Rev K
84 Activating Approaches Not all approaches in the database are approved for GPS use. As you select an approach, a “GPS” designa- tion to the right of the procedure name indicates the procedure can be flown using the GPS receiver. Some procedures will not have this designation, meaning the GPS receiver may be used for supplemental navigation guidance only. ILS approaches, for example, must be flown by tuning the VLOC receiver to the proper frequency and coupling the VLOC receiver to the external CDI (or HSI). Once an approach is selected, it may be activated for navigation from the procedures page. Activating the approach overrides the “en route” portion of the active flight plan, proceeding directly to the “approach” portion (for a full approach, directly to the initial approach fix). To activate an approach: 1. Press the PROC key to display the procedures page. 2. Turn the large right knob to highlight “Acti- vate Approach?” and press ENT. Another procedures page option allows you to activate the final course segment of the approach. This option assumes you will receive vectors to the final approach course and guides you to intercept the final course, before reaching the FAF. To activate the approach, with vectors to final: 1. Press the PROC key to display the procedures page. 2. Turn the large right knob to highlight “Acti- vate Vector-To-Final?” and press ENT. In many cases, it may be easiest to “Load” the full approach while still some distance away, en route to the destination airport. Later, if vectored to final, use the steps above to select “Activate Vectors-To-Final”— which makes the inbound course to the FAF waypoint active. Otherwise, activate the full approach using the ”Activate Approach?” option. If you reactivate the approach currently being flown using the PROC key, prior to reaching the MAP a Restart Approach confirmation window appears on the screen. If you have passed the MAP, the 400W- series unit proceeds to the transition waypoint without a restart confirmation. 5 - PROCEDURES 190-00356-00 Rev K
85 Basic Approach Operations Basic Approach Operations The 400W series provides precision vertical guid- ance and non-precision advisory guidance using its built in GPS receiver. The moving map pages can also be used as a supplemental aid to situational awareness for ILS, VOR, and NDB approaches (and non-preci- sion localizer-based approaches), but the appropriate navigational aid MUST be used for primary approach course guidance. Approaches designed specifically for GPS are often very simple and don’t require overflying a VOR or NDB. Currently, many non-precision approaches have “GPS overlays” to let you fly an existing procedure (VOR, VOR/DME, NDB, RNAV, etc.) more accurately using GPS. To date, there are over 2,400 GPS-only approaches and over 2,900 GPS overlay approaches worldwide. Many overlay approaches are more complex (in comparison to GPS-only approaches). The 400W- series unit displays and guides you through each leg of the approach — automatically sequencing through each of these legs, up to the missed approach point (MAP). Approaches may be flown “as published” with the full transition — using any published feeder route or initial approach fix (IAF) — or may be flown with a vectors-to-final transition. Flight mode annunciations are provided in the lower left corner of the display indicating the current mode of flight. AnnunciationDescription LPVLocalizer Performance with Vertical guid- ance (LPV) approach. Fly to LPV minimums. A yellow background indicates that the ap- proach is safe to continue but a downgrade to LNAV may occur. LPLocalizer Performance with no vertical guid- ance. Fly to LP minimums. SW V 3.30, or later. LP +VLP +V indicates Localizer Performance with advisory vertical guidance. Fly LP minimums down to the MDA and missed approach location. This annunciation is available in SW Ver 5.10, or later. L/VNAVLateral Navigation and Vertical Navigation (LNAV/VNAV) approach. Fly to LNAV/VNAV minimums. LNAV+VGPS approach using published LNAV mini- ma. Advisory vertical guidance is provided. LNAVLateral Navigation approach. Fly to LNAV minimums. MAPRMissed Approach indicates the system is providing missed approach integrity and CDI full-scale deflection ±0.3 NM. ENREn route, CDI full-scale deflection is 2.0 NM or current CDI scale selection, whichever is smaller. TERMTerminal, CDI full-scale deflection is 1.0 NM or current CDI scale selection, whichever is smaller. DPRTDeparture, indicates the system is using non-precision approach integrity. HAL = 0.3 and CDI full-scale deflection is 0.3 NM. OCNOceanic, CDI full-scale deflection is 2.0 NM. LOW ALT (lower window) For LNAV+V, LNAV/VNAV, or LPV ap- proaches, the LOW ALT annunciation indicates the aircraft’s estimated height is lower than the Final Approach Waypoint height by more than the current VPL plus 50 meters. This annunciation will not be active when Terrain is operational. 5 - PROCEDURES 190-00356-00 Rev K
86 Procedure Turn Approach Approach operations on the 400W-series will typi- cally begin with the same basic steps: Select Destination “Select” and “Load” the approach “Activate” the approach DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION 1. Select the destination airport using the direct- to key, or as the last waypoint in the active flight plan. 2. Choose the “Select Approach?” option from the procedures page or from the active flight plan options. 3. “Load” the approach (often while en route) in anticipation of its future use. This places the approach in the active flight plan, but retains course guidance in the en route section until the approach is “activated”. 4. “Activate” the full approach or vectors-to-final, as appropriate. In some scenarios, you may find it more convenient to immediately activate the approach and skip the “Load” process outlined above in step #3. The 400W-series provides both options. Approaches with Procedure Turns The procedure turn portion of an approach is stored as one of the legs of the approach. For this reason, the 400W-series requires no special operations from the pilot — other than flying the procedure turn itself — beyond what is required for any other type of approach. This example uses the VOR Runway 04 GPS approach for Lynchburg (Virginia) Regional Airport, KLYH, and assumes a departure from Frederick (Mary- land) Municipal Airport, KFDK. The steps required to set up and fly the approach are detailed below: 1. Prior to departing KFDK, the destination (KLYH) is selected using the direct-to key or by cre- ating a flight plan terminating at Lynchburg Regional. 2. While en route to KLYH, some 40-50 NM away, you select the ATIS frequency to monitor airport conditions and runway usage. This is accomplished by selecting the NAVCOM page and selecting the ATIS frequency from the list. This places the frequency on standby. Use the COM flip-flop key to make the ATIS frequency active. 3. From ATIS you learn that runway 04 is in use and plan your approach accordingly. Press the PROC key and select the “VOR 04-GPS” approach. From the transitions window, select LYH VOR (the IAF). Also, select “Load?” to load (but not activate) the approach. 5 - PROCEDURES 190-00356-00 Rev K
87 Procedure Turn Approach 4. Once you are cleared for the approach, press the PROC key, select “Activate Approach?” and press ENT. [RW04] DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION Lynchburg (VA) Regional VOR or GPS Rwy 04 Flying the Procedure Turn 1. Within 31 NM of the destination airport, the 400W-series will switch from “en route” mode to “terminal” mode (as indicated in the lower left corner of the screen). The switch to terminal mode is accompanied by a gradual Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) scale transi- tion from 2.0 to 1.0 NM, full scale deflection. (See example below) 2. Several miles prior to reaching the IAF (LYH), you may wish to review the approach sequence. Press the FPL key to display the active flight plan page. Press the small right knob, and then turn the large right knob to review each segment of the approach. When finished, press FPL again to return to the previous page. 5 - PROCEDURES 190-00356-00 Rev K
88 Procedure Turn Approach 3. As you approach the IAF (LYH), a waypoint alert (“LT TO 205° x S”) will appear in the lower right corner of the screen. As the distance (DIS) to the IAF approaches zero, the alert is replaced by a turn advisory (“LT TO 205° NOW”). The unit will guide you automatically, or you can dial the outbound course of 205° into the CDI (or HSI) using the OBS knob and initiate a standard rate turn to this course heading. 4. Fly the outbound course, keeping the CDI needle centered. 5. Once you have flown approximately one minute past the FAF (LYH), the alert message “LT TO 160° x S” will appear in the lower right corner of the screen. The unit will sequence to the inbound leg when established inbound. NOTE: You may manually perform any type of procedure turn in accordance with the AIM and the charted procedure. However, the unit displays a map of, and provides roll steering for, a 45/180 procedure turn. If you manually complete the entire procedure turn prior to the unit’s initial outbound turn alert, software versions prior to 3.20 may sequence to the inbound leg but enter SUSP mode. In that case, press the OBS key to resume automatic sequencing. RW 0431 nm DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION 6. Turn left to a heading of 160° to initiate the procedure turn. Course guidance is provided relative to the outbound leg from the FAF. (The procedure turn is displayed on the map page and indicated as the active leg on the default NAV and active flight plan pages.) The CDI needle will start moving to the right. 5 - PROCEDURES 190-00356-00 Rev K
89 Procedure Turn Approach 7. After approximately one minute, make a 180° right turn to a heading of 340° to intercept the inbound course. The unit will sequence to the inbound leg to the FAF, the CDI needle will swing to the opposite side to provide proper sensing along the final course segment and “DTK 025° NOW” will appear in the lower right corner of the screen. 8. As the CDI needle starts to center, make a right turn to 025°—the final approach course. 9. When within 45° of the final approach course and the FAF is the TO waypoint, the 400W-series unit switches from terminal mode to “approach” mode. CDI scaling is tightened from 1.0 NM full scale deflection to either 0.3 NM or 2° full scale deflection whichever is less at the FAF. The change occurs over 2 NM and is completed by the FAF. 10. As you approach the FAF, a waypoint alert in the lower right corner (“NEXT DTK 025°”) will appear. Make any course adjustments necessary for the final course segment (FAF to MAP). 11. As you cross the FAF, the destination sequences to the MAP (“RW03”, the runway threshold). With the needle centered, fly toward the MAP, observing the altitude minimums dictated by the approach plate. RW 04 DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION NOTE: When viewing the map page, note that the final course segment is displayed in magenta (the active leg of the flight plan always appears in magenta) and a dashed line extends the course beyond the MAP. The dashed line is provided for situational awareness only and should NOT be used for navigation. Follow the published missed approach procedures. 12. As you approach the MAP, a waypoint alert (“ARRIVING WPT”) will appear in the lower right corner. 13. As you cross the MAP, “SUSP” will appear above the OBS key, indicating that automatic sequencing of approach waypoints will be sus- 5 - PROCEDURES 190-00356-00 Rev K
90 Missed Approach pended at the MAP. A “from” indication will be displayed on the CDI and default NAV page, but course guidance along the final approach course will continue. If a missed approach is required, use the OBS key to initiate the missed approach sequence. Flying the Missed Approach After you pass the MAP, if the runway isn’t in sight you must execute a missed approach. The 400W-series continues to give guidance along an extension of the final course segment (FAF to MAP) until you manually initiate the missed approach procedure (as mentioned previously in reference to the “SUSP” advisory). RW04 DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION NOTE: It is the pilot’s responsibility for initial missed approach guidance in accordance with published procedure. The unit may not provide correct guidance until established on a defined leg. The OBS key is used to initiate the missed approach, as follows: 1. After commencing the published missed approach procedure, and after the SUSP annunciator has appeared, press the OBS key to sequence to the first waypoint in the missed approach procedure. This will simultaneously result in several changes: a. SUSP annunciation will extinguish. b. The first waypoint in the missed approach procedure will be sequenced. c. The current approach annunciation (LPV, L/NAV, LNAV+V, LP, LP +V, or LNAV) will be replaced with either MAPR or TERM, depending on the design of the approach. Normally, MAPR will be annunciated for missed approach procedures in which the first leg is a climb straight ahead to a way- point, whereas TERM will be annunciated for missed approach procedures requiring a turn. d. CDI scaling will change to ±0.3 NM full scale deflection if MAPR is annunciated, or ±1.0 NM if TERM is annunciated. e. The “FROM” indicator will change to a “TO” indication. NOTE: In some cases, an additional hold way- point is added to the missed approach sequence. This additional waypoint is used as an aid in establishing the holding pattern— especially where the MAP and MAHP are the same waypoint. 2. An alert message in the lower right hand corner of the screen will recommend entry procedures for the holding pattern (i.e., “HOLD DIRECT”, “HOLD PARALLEL”, or “HOLD TEARDROP”). 5 - PROCEDURES 190-00356-00 Rev K