Garmin 430w Manual

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Setup 1
more than 500 feet above or below an airspace, you 
will not be notified with an alert message; if you are 
less than 500 feet above or below an airspace and 
projected to enter it, you will be notified with an 
alert message. The default is 200 feet. 
CDI / Alarms— allows you to define the scale for 
the 400W-series unit on-screen course deviation 
indicator. The scale values represent full scale 
deflection for the CDI to either side. The default 
setting is “Auto”. At this setting, the CDI scale is 
set to 2.0 NM during the “en route” phase of flight. 
Within 31 NM of your destination airport, the CDI 
scale gradually ramps down to 1.0 NM (termi-
nal area). Likewise, when leaving your departure 
airport the CDI scale is set to 1.0 NM and gradu-
ally ramps up to 2 NM beyond 30 NM (from the 
departure airport). During approach operations 
the CDI scale gradually transitions down to an 
angular CDI scale. At 2.0 NM of the final approach 
fix (FAF), CDI scaling is tightened from 1.0 to the 
angular full scale deflection (typically the angular 
full-scale deflection is 2.0°, but will be as defined 
for the approach). 
If a lower CDI scale setting is selected (i.e., 1.0 or 
0.3 NM), the higher scale settings are not selected 
during ANY phase of flight. For example, if 1.0 NM 
is selected, the 400W-series unit uses this for en 
route and terminal phases and ramps down further 
during an approach. Note that the Horizontal 
Alarm (HAL) protection limits listed below follow 
the selected CDI scale, unless corresponding flight 
phases call for lower HAL. For example, if the 1.0 
NM CDI setting is selected, full-scale deflection 
during approach will still follow the approach CDI 
scale settings. 
CDI ScaleHorizontal Alarm 
Limit
Auto (oceanic)2.0 NM
±2.0 NM or Auto (en route)2.0 NM
±1.0 NM or Auto (terminal)1.0 NM
±0.3 NM or Auto  
(approach)
0.3 NM
An “auto” ILS CDI selection allows the 400W-series 
unit to automatically switch the external CDI from 
the GPS receiver to the VLOC receiver, when 
intercepting the final approach course. Or, select 
“manual” to manually switch the external CDI 
connection, as needed (using the CDI key). If the 
unit is installed with a KAP140/KFC225 autopilot, 
automatic switching will not take place. See AUX - 
Setup 1 for ILS CDI Selection details. 
CDI scales and corresponding Flight Phases: 
Oceanic
En Route Terminal
Approach
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An arrival alarm, provided on the CDI / Alarms 
Page, may be set to notify you with a message when 
you have reached a user-defined distance to the 
final destination (the direct-to waypoint or the last 
waypoint in a flight plan). Once you have reached 
the set distance (up to 99.9 units), an “Arrival at 
[waypoint]” message is displayed. 
Units / Mag Var— allows you to configure the dis-
played data to standard or metric units of measure. 
This setting applies to distance, speed, altitude, 
fuel, pressure and temperature and also provides 
three variation (heading) options: Magnetic, True, 
or User. If “Magnetic” is selected, all track, course 
and heading information is corrected to the mag-
netic variation computed by the GPS receiver. The 
“True” setting references all information to true 
north. The “User” selection allows the pilot to enter 
values between 0º and 179º E or W. 
Position / Map Datum— configures position 
readout information to the desired position format 
and shows the Map Datum. The NavData® card 
uses the WGS 84 map datum to conform to WAAS 
requirements. 
Date / Time— provides settings for time format 
(local or UTC; 12- or 24-hour) and time offset. The 
time offset is used to define current local time. UTC 
(also called “GMT” or “zulu”) date and time are cal-
culated directly from the GPS satellites’ signals and 
cannot be changed. If you prefer to use local time, 
simply designate the offset by adding or subtracting 
the correct number of hours and minutes. 
Not all time zones are offset from UTC by a whole 
number of hours (e.g., Newfoundland, Central 
Australia, India, Iraq, ...). 
Airspace Alarms
To set the airspace warning messages or change 
the altitude buffer: 
1.   Select “Airspace Alarms” from the setup 1 
page. 
2.   Turn  the large right knob to highlight the 
“On”/”Off” field next to the desired airspace 
type. 
3.  Turn the small right knob to select “On” or 
“Off”, as desired. Press ENT to accept the 
selection. 
4.   To change the altitude buffer, turn the large 
right knob to highlight the “Altitude Buffers” 
field. Use the small and large right knobs 
to enter the desired buffer distance. Press ENT 
when finished. 
Setup 1
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Setup 1
 NOTE: When an approach has been loaded into 
the active flight plan, airspace alert messages 
will be disabled within 30 NM of the destination 
airport. 
CDI Scale / Alarms
To change the CDI scale: 
1.  Select “CDI / Alarms” from the Setup 1 page. 
2.   The flashing cursor highlights the “Selected 
CDI” field. Turn the small right knob to select 
the desired CDI scale. The selected scale and 
any lower scale settings will be used during 
the various phases of flight. 
3.   Press ENT to accept the selected scale. The 
“System CDI” field will display the CDI scale 
currently in use. The “System CDI” setting may 
differ from the “Selected CDI” depending upon 
the current phase of flight. 
 NOTE: The CDI scale is always measured in nauti-
cal miles, regardless of the current distance units 
of measure selected on the units/mag var page. 
To change the ILS CDI selection: 
1.  Select “CDI / Alarms” from the setup 1 page. 
2.  Turn  the large right knob to highlight the 
“Auto”/”Manual” ILS CDI field. 
3.   Turn the small right knob to select “Auto” or 
“Manual”, as desired. Press ENT to accept the 
selection. 
 NOTE: Installations with certain autopilots, such 
as the KAP 140 and KFC225) do not allow auto-
matic ILS CDI switching. 
To set the arrival alarm and alarm distance: 
1.   Select “CDI / Alarms” from the setup 1 page. 
2.  Turn  the large right knob to highlight the 
“On”/”Off” field (directly below “Arrival 
Alarm”). 
3.  Turn the small right knob to select “On” or 
“Off”, as desired. Press ENT to accept the 
selection. 
4.   The flashing cursor moves to the alarm dis-
tance field (to the immediate right of “On” or 
“Off”). To enter an arrival alarm distance, use 
the small and large right knobs to enter 
the desired alarm distance. Press ENT when 
finished. 
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Units / Mag Var
To set the magnetic variation: 
1.   Select “Units / Mag Var” from the Setup 1 
page. 
2.   The flashing cursor highlights the heading 
mode field. Turn the small right knob to select 
the desired heading mode:  Magnetic, True, or 
User. Press ENT to accept the selection. 
3. If User Heading is selected, the flashing cursor 
will highlight the Heading field. Turn the small 
right knob to the desired heading values, 
hemisphere and then degrees. 
 NOTE: Manual (User) selection of the heading 
value is available for units with SW Version 3.30, 
or later. 
4. Press ENT to accept the selection. 
To change the units of measure: 
1.   Select “Units / Mag Var” from the Setup 1 
page. 
2.   Turn  the large right knob to highlight the 
desired units of measure category. The fol-
lowing categories, and corresponding units of 
measure, are available: 
•   DIS, SPD—distance and speed in Nautical 
(nautical miles/knots), Statute (miles/miles 
per hour) or Metric (kilometers/kilometers per 
hour) terms. 
•   ALT, VS—altitude and vertical speed in Feet/
feet per minute, Meters/meters per minute, or 
Meters/meters per second. 
•   PRESSURE—barometric setting in Inches or 
Millibars. 
•   TEMP—temperature in degrees Celsius or 
Fahrenheit. 
•   FUEL—fuel units in Gallons, Imperial Gal-
lons, Kilograms, Liters or Pounds. 
3.    Turn the small right knob to select the desired 
units of measure for the selected category. 
Press ENT to accept the selection. 
Setup 1
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Setup 2
Position Format
To change the position format: 
1.   Select “Position Format / Map Datum” from 
the Setup 1 page. 
2.   The flashing cursor is on the position format 
field. Turn  the small right knob to select the 
desired position format. The following position 
formats are available: 
•   hddd°mm.mmm’—latitude and longitude in 
degrees and decimal minutes
•   hddd°mm’ss.s”—latitude and longitude in 
degrees, minutes and decimal seconds
•   MGRS—Military Grid Reference System
•    UTM/UPS—Universal Transverse Mercator / 
Universal Polar Stereographic grids
3.   Press ENT to accept the selected format. 
Map Datum 
 NOTE: Per TSO C146a, the WGS-84 map datum is 
used. 
Date  / Time
To display local time or UTC: 
1.  Select “Date / Time” from the Setup 1 page. 
2.   The flashing cursor highlights the time format 
field. Turn  the small right knob to display a 
window of available time formats: Local 12hr, 
Local 24hr, or UTC. 
3.   Continue turning the small right knob to 
select the desired time format.  
4.   Press ENT to accept the selection. 
To set the local time: 
1.  Select “Date / Time” from the Setup 1 page. 
2.  Turn  the large right knob to highlight the 
time offset field. 
3.   Use the small and large right knobs to enter 
the desired offset, beginning by entering a 
minus (-) or plus (+) sign to indicate whether 
the offset is behind UTC or ahead of UTC. (In 
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the United States, all local time offsets will use 
be minus, or behind UTC.) 
4.  Press ENT to accept the selected offset. 
Restoring Factory Settings
When making changes to any setup 1 page option, 
a “Restore Defaults?” menu selection allows you to 
restore the original factory settings (for the selected 
item only). For example, with the airspace alarms page 
displayed, the “Restore Defaults?” option will restore 
all airspace alarms page settings to the original factory 
values. 
To restore a Setup 1 item to the original factory 
settings: 
1.   Select the desired item from the Setup 1 page.
2.   Press MENU to display a page options window. 
3.   With “Restore Defaults?” highlighted, press 
ENT. 
Setup 2 Page
To select, highlight 
with cursor and  press ENT.
Fourth Page in AUX group
The Setup 2 page provides access to display adjust-
ments, parameters which define the nearest airport 
search, and COM transceiver channel spacing. When 
an item is selected, the corresponding page will appear 
providing access to the various unit settings. 
To select an item from the Setup 2 page: 
1.   Press  the small right knob momentarily, to 
activate the flashing cursor. 
2.   Turn the large right knob to select the desired 
setup item, and press ENT. 
Setup 2
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Setup 2
The following setup items are available: 
Display— allows you to adjust the display for 
optimum viewing in any condition. Automatic back-
lighting is available which uses a built-in photocell 
(at the top left corner of the display bezel) to make 
the proper display adjustments without any user 
intervention. Automatic contrast adjustment varies 
the screen contrast level based upon current unit 
temperature. You may also select manual control of 
the display contrast and backlighting to tailor the 
400W-series unit display to your needs. 
 NOTE: Display backlighting changes are not 
saved when the 400W-series unit is turned off. 
Backlighting will revert to the “Auto” setting the 
next time the unit is turned on. 
Nearest Airport Criteria— defines the minimum 
runway length and surface type used when deter-
mining the 25 nearest airports to display on the 
nearest airport page. A minimum runway length 
and/or surface type may be entered to prevent air-
ports with small runways, or runways that are not 
of appropriate surface, from being displayed. The 
default settings are “0 feet (or meters)” for runway 
length and “any” for runway surface type. 
SBAS Selection— selects the Space Based Aug-
mentation System (SBAS) used for navigation and 
allows turning WAAS on and off. To enable WAAS 
operation, in the Setup 2 page select the SBAS 
(Space-Based Augmentation System) item and then 
select WAAS. If WAAS is disabled, the unit will not 
be able to fly WAAS approaches (LP, LPV, LP +V, 
LNAV/VNAV, or LNAV+V). 
If WAAS was previously disabled, it may take 
several minutes to achieve a 3D-Diff fix after re-
enabling WAAS.
COM Configuration— allows you to select 8.33 
kHz or 25.0 kHz COM frequency channel spacing. 
 NOTE: 8.33 kHz VHF communication frequency 
channel spacing is not approved for use in the 
United States. Select the 25.0 kHz channel spac-
ing option. 
To set the COM channel spacing: 
1.  Select “COM Configuration” and press ENT. 
2.   Turn the small right knob to select “8.33 kHz” 
or “25.0 kHz” and press ENT. 
Preset Com Frequencies
On units configured for COM Frequency Presets 
you may store up to 15 preset Com frequencies in the 
Com Configuration page. On units configured with a 
remote Com frequency recall switch, these preset fre-
quencies can be loaded into the STBY frequency with 
the press of a button. 
 NOTE:  Preset Com Frequencies are only available 
with SW Version 3.00, or later. 
To store a  preset Com frequency: 
 1.  Select “COM Configuration” from the Setup 2 
Page. 
2.  The flashing cursor will highlight the Channel 
Spacing field. Turn the large right knob to 
highlight the left (non-decimal) part of the first 
frequency field. 
3.   Turn the small right knob to select the desired 
frequency. 
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4.  Turn  the large right knob to highlight the 
right (decimal) part of the frequency field. 
5.   Turn the small right knob to enter the desired 
frequency. 
6.   Repeat for any remaining desired frequencies, 
then press the small right knob to finish. 
When the remote Com frequency recall switch is 
pressed, the next preset frequency will be moved into 
the Com Standby frequency box and a small window 
with the current Com Frequency Preset number will 
appear next to it. You can scroll down through the preset 
frequencies by repeatedly pressing the remote Com Fre-
quency recall switch. Empty Preset slots are skipped. 
Display
To change the backlighting intensity: 
1.   Select “Display” from the Setup 2 page. 
2.   The flashing cursor highlights the backlight 
mode field. Turn the small right knob to select 
the desired mode: Auto or Manual. Press ENT 
to accept the selection. 
3.   If “Manual” is selected, the flashing cursor 
moves to the backlight level field. Turn the 
small right knob to select the desired level. 
Press ENT to accept the selection. 
To change the display contrast: 
Contrast setting is adjustable in either Auto or 
Manual Mode. Auto mode is the preferred setting. The 
contrast value edited in Auto Mode is not the actual con-
trast, but an offset that is applied to the automatic value 
generated by the formula based on unit temperature. 
1.   Select “Display” from the Setup 2 page. 
2.  Turn  the large right knob to highlight the 
contrast mode field. 
3.   Turn the small right knob to select the desired 
mode: Auto or Manual. Press ENT to accept 
the selection. 
4.   The flashing cursor moves to the contrast level 
field. Turn  the small right knob to select the 
desired level. Press ENT to accept the selection. 
Setup 2
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Nearest Airport Criteria
To set the minimum runway length and runway 
surface: 
1.   Select “Nearest Airport Criteria” from the Setup 
2 page. 
2.   The flashing cursor highlights the runway sur-
face field. Turn the small right knob to select 
the desired surface. The following options are 
available: 
• Any  surface
• Hard surfaces only 
• Hard / Soft surfaces
• Water  landings only 
3.   Press ENT to accept the runway surface selec-
tion. 
4.   The flashing cursor moves to the minimum 
runway length field. To enter a different mini-
mum runway length, use the small and large 
right knobs to enter the desired length. Press 
ENT when finished. 
 NOTE: Exercise caution when changing the Nearest 
Airport Criteria. Remember, by excluding certain 
surface types or shorter runway lengths, you may 
be excluding airports from the list that are more 
than adequate for an emergency landing! 
SBAS Selection
To enable WAAS operation, in the Setup 2 page 
select the SBAS item and then select WAAS. If WAAS 
is disabled, the unit will not be able to fly WAAS 
approaches (LP, LPV, LP +V, LNAV/VNAV, or LNAV+V). 
If WAAS was previously disabled, it may take sev-
eral minutes to achieve a 3D-Diff fix after re-enabling 
WAAS. 
1.  Select “SBAS Selection” from the Setup 2 Page 
and press ENT. 
To enable WAAS operation, select the “SBAS 
Selection”. 
2.  The flashing cursor highlights the WAAS status 
selection. Turn  the small right knob to allow 
On/Off selection. 
Turn the small right knob to select On or Off 
and then press ENT. 
3.  Turn  the small right knob to select “On” or 
“Off” and then press ENT. Press the small 
right knob to exit WAAS selection. 
 NOTE:  There may be other SBAS selections avail-
able, such as MSAS. 
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Section 10   
Fault Detection & Exclusion
The Garmin 400W-series software incorporates 
a Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) algorithm, 
thus providing a basis for approval per FAA Notice 
N8110.60 requirements for “GPS as a Primary Means 
of Navigation for Oceanic/Remote Operations”. 
The FDE consists of two distinct features, fault 
detection and fault exclusion. The fault detection 
feature detects the presence of an unacceptably large 
pseudorange error for a satellite (and presumably, 
position error) for a given mode of flight. Upon detec-
tion, fault exclusion follows and excludes the source 
of the unacceptably large pseudorange error, thereby 
allowing navigation to return to normal performance 
without an interruption in service. To enhance safety, 
FDE functionality is provided for other phases of flight 
(non-precision approach, terminal, en route). The FDE 
functionality for non-oceanic flight phases complies 
with missed alert probability, false alert probability and 
failed exclusion probability specified by DO-229C / 
TSO-C146a. 
Detection and Exclusion
An FDE prediction must be performed prior to 
departure for a flight plan involving Oceanic/Remote 
operation where GPS is to be the sole source of 
navigation. Prior to departure, the operator must 
use the FDE prediction program supplied with the 
400W/500W-series Trainer CD to demonstrate that 
there are no outages in the capability to navigate 
on the specified route of flight (the FDE prediction 
program determines whether the GPS constellation is 
robust enough to provide a navigation solution for the 
specified route of flight). Please, refer to the instruc-
tions included in the Garmin 400W/500W-series 
Training CD for complete details on using the FDE 
prediction program. 
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