Ford F 750 Owners Manual
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WARNING Sudden accelerations on slippery surfaces could cause the wheels to spin, the vehicle to turn sideways on a crowned road surface or in a turn, possibly resulting in loss of vehicle control and personal injury. Activating the Locking Differential You can lock and unlock the differential when your vehicle is moving at a constant speed of less than 25 mph (40 km/h) and while the wheels are not slipping. Do not lock the differential when your vehicle is traveling down steep grades and when traction is minimal. The differential lock and differential lock light automatically disengage at speeds above 25 mph (40 km/h). The differential lock remains off until either you restart your vehicle or you turn the differential lock switch off then back on. Servicing a Vehicle with a Locking Differential Turn the engine off and raise all drive wheels of the locker differential axle in order to prevent your vehicle from moving when servicing the wheels, tires or brakes. Axles equipped with a driver-controlled differential deliver power to both wheels even when only one wheel is on the ground. WARNING Failure to raise all drive wheels with this type of differential could cause the vehicle to move unexpectedly, resulting in property damage, personal injury or death. 2-SPEED REAR AXLE (If Equipped) WARNING Never shift a two-speed axle when descending a steep grade as this may cause loss of vehicle control and result in personal injury. Note: Do not shift between ranges when the speed control is on. A two-speed rear axle allows the driver to select a low range for greater pulling power and a high range for greater road speed and fuel economy. You can also use these ranges to provide extra steps between transmission shifts when driving on steep grades or fuel economy may be factors. Axle Shifting Note: Do not shift the axle to LOW when your vehicle is moving. Use LOW when you drive a fully loaded vehicle on a severe grade or in congested traffic. Use HIGH for all normal driving conditions with a lightly loaded or partially loaded vehicle. Note: The axle is set to HIGH by default. To shift the axle between HIGH and LOW with the vehicle stopped, place the transmission in position N, then press and hold the button for two seconds. 118 F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing Rear AxleE208228
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GENERAL INFORMATION WARNINGS Do not drive with your foot resting on the brake pedal. This results in abnormally high brake temperatures, excessive lining wear and increased stopping distance. Continuous application of the brakes causes the brakes to overheat, resulting in temporary loss of braking. Note: Occasional brake noise is normal. If a metal-to-metal, continuous grinding or continuous squeal sound is present, the brake linings may be worn-out. Have the system checked by an authorized dealer. If your vehicle has continuous vibration or shudder in the steering wheel while braking, have it checked by an authorized dealer. All standard equipment brakes are self-adjusting. Automatic adjustment, when required, occurs whenever you apply and release the brakes during forward or reverse operation. Know the required stopping distances for all driving conditions you may encounter. For longer brake lining life, take full advantage of engine braking power when coming to a stop. See Warning Lamps and Indicators (page 58). Wet brakes result in reduced braking efficiency. Gently press the brake pedal a few times when driving from a car wash or standing water to dry the brakes. If brakes do not grip well: • Check brake adjustment. • Check brake linings for excessive wear. • Check system air pressure on vehicle equipped with air brakes. • Let the brakes cool if you have been using them excessively, as in mountain driving or after several fast, high-speed stops. • If you have been driving through deep water, gently apply the brakes several times while your vehicle is moving slowly. Brake Over Accelerator In the event the accelerator pedal becomes stuck or entrapped, apply steady and firm pressure to the brake pedal to slow the vehicle and reduce engine power. If you experience this condition, apply the brakes and bring your vehicle to a safe stop. Move the transmission to park (P), switch the engine off and apply the parking brake. Inspect the accelerator pedal for any interference. If none are found and the condition persists, have your vehicle towed to the nearest authorized dealer Anti-lock Brake System This system helps you maintain steering control during emergency stops by keeping the brakes from locking. This lamp momentarily illuminates when you turn the ignition on. If the light does not illuminate during start up, remains on or flashes, the system may be disabled. Have the system checked by an authorized dealer. If the system is disabled, normal braking is still effective. If the brake warning lamp illuminates when you release the parking brake, have the system checked by an authorized dealer. 119 F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing BrakesE209041 E209041
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If you connect a PLC trailer with the ignition on, the trailer ABS light also illuminates. If the light fails to illuminate, if it remains on after you start the vehicle or continues to flash, have the system serviced immediately. HINTS ON DRIVING WITH ANTI-LOCK BRAKES Note: When the system is operating, the brake pedal may pulse and may travel further. Maintain pressure on the brake pedal. You may also hear a noise from the system. This is normal. The anti-lock braking system will not eliminate the risks when: • You drive too closely to the vehicle in front of you. • Your vehicle is hydroplaning. • You take corners too fast. • The road surface is poor. PARKING BRAKE Hydraulic Brakes WARNINGS Always set the parking brake and leave your vehicle with the transmission in park (P). When doing this procedure, you need to take the transmission out of park (P) which means your vehicle can roll freely. To avoid unwanted vehicle movement, always fully set the parking brake prior to doing this procedure. Use wheels chocks if appropriate. Unexpected and possibly sudden vehicle movement may occur if you do not take these precautions. WARNINGS If the parking brake is fully released, but the brake warning lamp remains illuminated, the brakes may not be working properly. Have your vehicle checked as soon as possible. Apply the parking brake whenever the vehicle is parked. To set the parking brake, pull the handle up until it snaps into the locked position. When the parking brake is out of adjustment, seek service immediately. The parking brake warning lamp in the instrument cluster illuminates, and remains illuminated (when you switch on the ignition), until you release the parking brake. Push the palm release lever (A) on the parking brake handle (B) and push down as far as possible to release the brake. Driving with the parking brake on causes the brakes to wear out quickly and reduces fuel economy. We recommend you not use the parking brake to stop a moving vehicle. However, if the normal brakes fail, you can use the parking brake to stop your vehicle in an emergency. Since the parking brake only applies retardation to the rear wheels, the vehicle's stopping distance increases greatly and the handling of your vehicle is adversely affected. 120 F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing BrakesE210335 E208810 E210347
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Releasing Spring Manually WARNINGS Do not attempt to disassemble the parking brake air chamber under any circumstances as this may cause serious injury. Block the wheels to help prevent the vehicle from moving. Unexpected and possibly sudden vehicle movement may occur if you do not take these precautions. If you release hydraulic pressure from the spring brake chamber, the power spring applies the brake. If the hydraulic pressure can be re-established, you must release the spring brake in order to move your vehicle. Air Brakes WARNING This control is for parking only. Do not leave the vehicle unattended after setting the parking brake without placing the transmission in park (P). We recommend using wheel chocks for hilly or off-road circumstances. If the service brakes fail to operate while your vehicle is moving, you can make an emergency stop with the parking brake. Since the parking brake only applies stopping power to the rear wheels, your vehicle ’s stopping distance greatly increases and the handling of your vehicle is adversely affected. Make repairs immediately to an inoperative air brake system circuit. Pull the yellow, dash-mounted parking brake knob to apply the parking brake. The parking brake light illuminates and remains illuminated (when you switch the ignition to the on position) until you release the parking brake. Releasing the Parking Brake WARNING Hold the brake pedal down when moving the gearshift lever. If you do not hold down the brake pedal, the vehicle may move unexpectedly, resulting in property damage, personal injury or death. Note: Read and understand the following steps and perform them whenever you prepare to drive the vehicle. Note: The parking brake does not disengage unless sufficient system air pressure is available. 1. Press and hold the service brake pedal while the engine is running. 2. Select the appropriate drive gear. 3. Push and hold the yellow dash-mounted parking brake knob until the parking brake light turns off, then release. 121 F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing BrakesE210341 E208810
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Parking Brake Light Illumination Due to Low Air Pressure If the air pressure becomes too low at any time during vehicle operation, the parking brake may apply and the parking brake light turns on. If the parking brake applies due to low air pressure, immediate service is required to the parking brake system. Releasing Spring Brake with Air Pressure The air system in all vehicles with spring-actuated rear wheel parking brakes has a valve on the governor for connection to an outside air supply. The valve lets you recharge the system with air from an outside source, releasing the spring-actuated parking brakes. Your vehicle is now ready to tow in an emergency. You can only use an outside air source if the protected system is in operating condition. If you cannot restore air pressure in the protected air system, you must release the spring-actuated brakes manually. Releasing Spring Manually Do not use impact wrenches as they may damage the piston and prevent proper caging of the spring. Do not apply more than 50 lb.ft (68 Nm) to the release bolt nut. 1. Remove the stud tool and nut from the carrying pocket on the brake chamber assembly. 2. Remove the access plug from the end of the spring chamber. 3. Insert the release stud through the opening in the chamber and into the spring pressure plate. 4. Turn the release stud ¼ turn to engage the stud tangs with the slot in the pressure plate. Keep the stud engaged and install the nut on the release stud. 5. Tighten the nut until the spring is fully caged and brakes released. Do not loosen or remove the release stud and nut unless you completely assemble and securely clamp the brake chamber. 6. After restoring the air pressure, unscrew and remove the release stud and install in the carrying pocket. Install the access plug. 122 F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing BrakesE210365 E210366
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FULL POWER BRAKE WARNING If the brake warning lamp in the instrument cluster remains illuminated after engine start up, this indicates a system failure in the Full Power Brake system. Stop the vehicle safely as soon as possible and seek service immediately. This system incorporates standard braking, an anti-lock braking system (ABS) and optional Power Park Brake into one fully integrated hydraulic brake system. With the Full Power Brake system, braking energy is stored, similar to an air brake system, resulting in faster response times and shorter stopping distances. This is accomplished using motor and pump assemblies that pressurize the system by pumping brake fluid into accumulators. This is similar to the air compressor of an air brake system pressurizing the air tanks. The system includes a master cylinder that provides the normal pedal feel and transfers the pedal force, via brake fluid, to the main components of the system. Note: The motor and pumps run momentarily with the ignition switch in the on or run position, or in the off position with the brake pedal pressed. Note: During normal driving, you may hear the pump and motors replenishing the accumulators. This is a normal function of the system. AIR BRAKES WARNINGS Do not drive or continue to drive if the low air pressure buzzer is sounding or the brake warning light is lit. These warnings indicate that air pressure is not to normal operating level. Continued use of the vehicle could result in loss of braking ability. Avoid repeated light application of the brake pedal. This depletes air pressure faster and could result in loss of braking capability. Do not move the vehicle when the air pressure is insufficient because the brake system may be inoperative. After starting the engine, give the air compressor time to build up the air pressure to 60 psi (414 kPa) before moving your vehicle. Periodically check the air pressure gauge while driving. Pressure should range between approximately 100 psi (690 kPa) to 130 psi (896 kPa). The air compressor governor cut-in and cutout pressure settings are set at the factory and are not adjustable. 123 F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing BrakesE210336
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When air pressure is insufficient (below 60 psi (414 kPa)), a warning light illuminates and a buzzer sounds when the ignition is in the on position. This may happen because excessive brake applications are depleting the system air pressure. If this condition occurs, stop driving your vehicle until the compressor has fully recharged the air system. Select a gear ratio to help slow your vehicle before descending grades. Supplementing with brakes, as required, help to safely slow the vehicle and avoids overspeeding the engine. Air Chamber Stroke Indication Air chamber push rods have orange stroke indicator markers that warn when the braking system requires adjustment or repair. The painted orange indicator is on the air chamber push rod at the slack adjuster stroke dimension that requires service when visible during brake application. A qualified service technician should perform air brake inspection and adjustment or repairs keeping to the instructions in the service manual. Cam Brakes - Automatic Slack Adjusters WARNING Do not manually adjust the automatic slack adjusters to correct excessive push rod stroke as it may result in reduced brake effectiveness and a vehicle crash. Excessive push rod stroke indicates that a problem exists with the automatic adjuster, with the installation of the adjuster, or with foundation brake components that manual adjustment does not remedy. Seek service from a qualified facility for excessive push rod stroke. Standard air brakes (cam) are equipped with automatic brake adjusters. Automatic adjustment occurs during brake applications. Inspect brakes for proper adjustment at the specified intervals. See Scheduled Maintenance (page 316). Emergency Air Brake WARNING Do not continue to operate the vehicle with a failure of one of the brake systems. Take the vehicle to your dealer for service immediately. All vehicles are equipped with a dual brake system. In the unlikely event of a failure of one system, the second system functions for emergency stopping. The brake pedal controls all these systems in the same manner as for normal stops. EXHAUST BRAKE WARNING The exhaust brake is not recommended for use on slippery or low traction road surfaces. Under these conditions a loss of vehicle control could occur. 124 F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing BrakesE206772 E210337
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Note: Installing an exhaust or auxiliary brake does not necessarily protect the engine from exceeding maximum governed speed. Use the primary brakes to make sure the engine never exceeds maximum governed speed under any circumstance. Note: Before starting the engine, make sure that the exhaust brake switch is in the off position. Do not turn the exhaust brake on until the engine has reached normal operating temperature. Note: Maximum exhaust brake performance relates to the type of transmission your vehicle has. Note: Engine speed has a major influence of retarding performance. When engine speed stays at the maximum allowable level, the exhaust brake operates at peak performance. Note: Exhaust brakes operate effectively with automatic transmissions, but performance varies with engine speed and the gear selected by the transmission. An exhaust brake is an auxiliary braking system that assists, but does not replace, the primary service brake system. It helps control vehicle speed; it is not a vehicle-stopping device. A switch on the instrument panel, in combination with the accelerator and clutch pedal, allow the operator to make maximum use of the exhaust brake in the following conditions: • Off-highway driving. • Mountain driving. • Heavy traffic. • High-speed highway driving. To switch the brake on, push the switch up. Push the switch down to turn it off. While approaching a steep grade, make sure that the exhaust brake switch is in the on position. The exhaust brake begins working as soon as you remove your foot from the accelerator pedal. Before descending a hill or steep grade, always select the proper gear. If you take the transmission out of gear while descending, it is possible that you cannot select another gear because of maximum governed RPM. 125 F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing BrakesE215226
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Make sure the engine speed does not exceed the maximum allowable engine RPM. Exceeding the maximum allowable engine RPM can result in damage to the engine. Apply the service brakes to reduce the engine RPM or make a slower descent by using a lower gear. While going down the grade, use a low enough gear to descend safely with a minimum application of the service brakes. As a general guideline, use the same gear as you use to ascend the hill. Exhaust Brake Operating Characteristics The exhaust brake turns on when you remove your feet from both the accelerator and clutch pedals and the exhaust brake switch is in the on position. The following conditions exist if the brake is operating properly: • A slight change in engine sound when the exhaust brake turns on. • A smooth braking effect. Do not expect a retarding effect similar to sudden, hard application of the service brakes. • The retarding force possibly felt acting against your body during brake application (depending on the grade and vehicle load). This force is actually preventing the vehicle from going much faster. • Engine temperature remaining in the normal operating range. • The tachometer showing a drop in engine RPM (depending on grade and vehicle load) during a descent. • A decrease in road speed when applying the exhaust brake during a descent, except when your vehicle is carrying a heavy load or the grade is extremely steep. In these instances, you may need to apply the service brakes occasionally. TRAILER BRAKES Trailer Brake Hand Control (If Equipped) WARNING The hand control should never be used to apply the brakes when the tractor and trailer are parked unattended. Air may leak from the system and the vehicle could possibly move, resulting in possible property damage, personal injury or death. The hand control is located on the right-hand side of the instrument panel. It applies the trailer service brakes, which are independent of the truck or tractor service brakes. It operates a valve that provides gradual control of air pressure applied. When the valve is only partially applied, you can override the trailer brakes by pressing fully on the brake pedal. To apply the trailer brakes using the hand control, move the lever downward. The further you push the lever down, the greater the air pressure is applied to the brakes. The lever remains in place until manually moved. To release the trailer brakes, move the lever up completely. 126 F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing BrakesE210339
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Trailer Air Supply and Parking Brake Modular Controls (If Equipped) The trailer air supply valve delivers air to the trailer supply and automatically pops out, shutting off the trailer supply, if pressure decreases to approximately 35 psi (249 kPa) . The parking brake controls the spring brakes on the tractor. When you pull the knob out, it causes the trailer supply valve to pop out, applying both the tractor and trailer parking brakes. You can independently release the trailer brakes by pushing only the trailer air supply valve in. Initial Charge With the air system completely discharged, both knobs (A and B) are out. When the air pressure reaches 70 psi (481 kPa), the trailer air supply (A - red knob) may be pushed in and should stay in, charging the trailer air system and releasing the trailer brakes. You can push in the parking brake (B - yellow knob) and supply air to the tractor spring brakes, releasing them. 127 F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, First Printing BrakesE210340 A B 12 A320 A E210341 E210342 E210343