Land Rover 90 110 Workshop Rover Manual
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INTRODUCTION This Workshop Manual covers the Land Rover Ninety and One Ten range of vehicles. It is primarily designed to assist skilled technicians in the efficient repair and maintenance of Land Rover vehicles. Using the appropriate service tools and carrying out the procedures as detailed will enable the operations to be completed within the time stated in the ‘Repair Operation Times’. e!, . . I, The Manual has been produced in separate books; this allows the information to be distributed throughout the specialist areas of the modern service facility. A table of contents in Book 1 lists the major components and systems together with the section and book numbers. The cover of each book details the sections contained within that book. The title page of each book carries the part numbers required to order replacement books, binders or complete Service Manuals. This can be done through the normal channels. REFERENCES References to the left- or right-hand side in the manual are made when viewing the vehicle from the rear. With the engine and gearbox assembly removed, the water pump end of the engine is referred to as the front. To reduce repetition, operations covered in this manual do not include reference to testing the vehicle after repair. It is essential that work is inspected and tested after completion and if necessary a road test of the vehicle is carried out particularly where safety related items are concerned. -. DIMENSIONS The dimensions quoted are to design engineering specification. Alternative unit equivalents, shown in brackets following the dimensions, have been converted from the original specification. During the period of running-in from new, certain adjustments may vary from the specification figures given in this Manual. These adjustments will be re -set by the Distributor or Dealer at the After Sales Service, and thereafter should be maintained at the figures specified in the Manual. REPAIRS AND REPLACEMENTS When replacement parts are required it is essential that only Land Rover parts are used. Attention is particularly drawn to the following points concerning repairs and the fitting of replacement parts and accessories: Safety features embodied in the vehicle may be impaired if other than Land Rover parts are fitted. In certain territories, legislation prohibits the fitting of parts not to the vehicle manufacturer’s specification. Torque wrench setting figures given in the Repair Operation Manual must be strictly adhered to. Locking devices, where specified, must be fitted. If the efficiency of a locking device is impaired during removal it must be renewed. Owners purchasing accessories while travelling abroad should ensure that thc accessory and its fitted location on the vehicle conform to mandatory requirements existing in their country of origin. The terms of the Owners Service Statement may be invalidated by the fitting of other than Land Rover parts. All Land Rover parts have the full backing of the Owners Service Statement. Land Rover Distributors and Dealers are obliged to supply only Land Rover service parts. . POISONOUS SUBSTANCES Many liquids and other substances used in motor vehicles are poisonous and should under no circumstances be consumed and should as far as possible be kept away from open wounds. These substances among others include antifreeze, brake fluid, fuel, windscreen washer additives, lubricants and various adhesives. FUEL HANDLING PRECAUTIONS The following information providcs basic precautions which must be observed if petrol (gasoline) is to be handled safely. It also outlines the other areas of risk which must not be ignored. This information is issued for basic guidance only, and in any case of doubt appropriate enquiries should be made of your local Fire Officer. iii _. .
GENERAL Petrol/gasoline vapour is highly flammable and in confined spaces is also very explosive and toxic. When petrol/gasoline evaporates it produces 150 times its own volume in vapour, which when diluted with air becomes a readily ignitablc mixture. The vapour is heavier than air and will always fall to the lowest level. It can readily be distributed throughout a workshop by air current, consequently, even a small spillage of petrol/gasoline is potentially very dangerous. Always have a fire extinguisher containing FOAM CO2 GAS, or POWDER close at hand when handling or draining fuel, or when dismantling fuel systems and in areas where fuel containers are stored. Always disconnect the vehicle battery BEFORE carrying out dismantling or draining work on a fuel system. Whenever petrol/gasoline is being handled, drained or stored, or when fuel systcms are being dismantled all forms of ignition must be extinguished or removcd, any head-lamps used must be flameproof and kept clear of spillage. NO ONE SHOULD BE PERMITTED TO REPAIR COMPONENTS ASSOCIATED WITH PETROL/ GASOLINE WITHOUT FIRST HAVING HAD SPECIALIST TRAINING. FUEL TANK DRAINING WARNING: PETROL/CASOLINE MUST NOT BE EXTRACTED OR DRAINED FROM ANY VEHICLE WHILST IT IS STANDING OVER A PIT. Draining or extracting petrol/gasoline from vehicle fuel tank must be carried out in a well ventilated area. The receptacle used to contain the petrol/gasoline must be more than adequate for the full amount of fuel to be extracted or drained. The receptacle should bc clearly marked with its contents, and placed in a safe storage arca which meets the requirements of local authority regulations. WHEN PETROL/GASOLINE HAS BEEN EXTRACTED OR DRAINED FROM A FUEL TANK THE PRECAUTIONS GOVERNING NAKED LIGHTS AND IGNITION SOURCES SHOULD BE MAINTAINED. -+--, 8. a, FUEL TANK REMOVAL On vehicles where the fuel line is secured to the fuel tank outlet by a spring steel clip, it is recommended that such clips are released before the fuel line is disconnected or the fuel tank unit is removed. This procedure will avoid the possibility of residual petrol fumes in the fuel tank being ignited when the clips are released. As an added precaution fuel tanks should have a PETROL/GASOLINE VAPOUR warning label attached to them as soon as they arc removed from the vehicle. FUEL TANK REPAIR Under no circumstances should a repair to any tank involving heat treatment be carried out without first rendering the tank SAFE, by using one of the following mcthods: STEAMING: With the filler cap and tank unit removed, empty the tank. Steam the tank for at least two hours with low pressure steam. Position thc tank so that condensation can drain away frecly, ensuring that any sediment and sludge not volatised by the steam, is washed out during the steaming process. BOILING: With the filler cap and tank unit removed, empty the tank. Immerse the tank completely in boiling water containing an effective alkaline dcgreasing agent or a detergent, with the water filling and also surrounding thc tank for at least two hours. After steaming or boiling a signed and dated label to this effect should be attached to the tank. SPECIFICATION Purchasers are advised that the specification details set out in this Manual apply to a range of vehicles and not to any one. For the specification of a particular vehicle, purchasers should consult their Distributor or Dealer. The Manufacturers reserve the right to vary their specifications with or without notice, and at such times and in such manner as they think fit. Major as well as minor changcs may be involved in accordance with the Manufacturer’s policy of constant product improvement. Whilst every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the particulars contained in this Manual, neither the Manufacturer nor the Distributor or Dealer, by whom this Manual is supplied, shall in any circumstances be held !iab!e fer any inaccurxy or thc consequences thereof. COPY RIGHT @ Land Rover Limited 1984 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be produced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or other means without prior written permission of Land Rover Limited, Service Department, Solihull, England iv
HEATER REMOVE FROM VEHICLE 1. Remove bonnet and disconnect battery. 2. Remove radiator bottom hose at radiator union 3. Slacken and remove the heater hoses at heater box 4. Remove outer cable securing clips. 5. Slacken and remove control cables at the heater 6. Remove heater wiring harness securing loop. 7. Disconnect harness multi-plug. 8. Remove interior bulkhead trim. and drain cooling system. unions. box. 80 . .. ST1887M OVERHAUL Fan Motor Assembly 12. Remove the nuts securing the angled bracket to the heater unit, and remove the bracket. 13. Remove the five nuts securing the fan asscmbly to the heater unit. Unplug thc connector and remove the fan assembly [rom the heater unit. 14. Remove circlip holding the impeller to thc drive shaft and remove the impeller. 15. Remove the three nuts securing the fan motor to the mounting plate and release the motor from the plate. ., .- -I . .. ,. 9. Remove lower nuts and bolts securing the heater unit to the bulkhead. 10. Slacken heater unit upper retaining bolts. 11. Manoeuvre heater unit clear of engine bay. 1
80 16. Fit fan motor into mounting plate, apply Rostik 1261 adhesive to mating faces, and secure with the three nuts. 17. Refit impeller to fan drive shaft and fit circlip. 18. Refit fan assembly to casing and secure with the 19. Plug in connector to resistor harness and refit five nuts. angled bracket. HEATER Heater Matrix 20. Drill out rivets holding the air duct and top covcr to the casing. (Three of the rivets are concealed by the rubber seal). 21. Lift off cover, air duct and seal. 22. Lift heater matrix out of casing. 23. Fit foam rubber to heater matrix casing and 24. Check that flap valves operate correctly and 25. Refit top cover and rivet into place. position matrix in casing. without sticking. Resistor Unit 26. Drill out the four rivets retaining the resistor mounting plate, and lift out plate with resistor. 27. Apply Bostik adhesive to resistor plate and secure in position with rivets. REFIT TO VEHICLE 28. Smear heater unit sealing rubber with a suitable 29. Piace neater unit into engine bay and manouevre 30. Loosely fit lower heater unit nuts and bolts. 31. Tighten heater unit upper securing bolts. 32. Tighten lower nuts and bolts. 33. Refit interior bulkhead trim. 34. Locate heater wiring harness into securing loop, 2 impact adhesive, and locate to heater. into position on bulkhead. and tighten nut. 35. Connect harness multi -plug. 36. Refit control cable outer clip and inner cable pinch 37. If necessary, prime heatcr matrix with coolant bolts. mixture. 22 ST1888M W 38. Conncct hoses to hcater unit and tighten hose clips. 39. Refit radiator bottom hose and refill cooling system with the required anti -freeze concentration or corrosion inhibitor. 40. Refit bonnet. 41. Connect battery, start cnginc, and check for leaks. 42. After engine has cooled check coolant level in thc expansion tank and radiator. Top up if necessary.
f.l i h,4 .I. . General Service Information INTRODUCTION I- .. Before any component of thc air conditioning system is removed, the system must be depressurised. When the component is replaced, the system must be evacuatcd to remove all traces of old refrigerant and moisture. Then the system must be recharged with new refrigerant. Any service operation that requires the loosening of a refrigerant line connection should be performed only by qualified service personnel. Refrigerant and/or oil will escape whenever a hose or pipe is disconnected. All work involving the handling of refrigerant requires special equipment, a knowledge of its proper use and attention to safety measures. DO NOT - leave refrigerant drum without its heavy cap fitted. - carry refrigerant drum inside a vehicle. - subject refrigerant drums to high temperature. - weld or steam clcan near an air conditioning system. - expose eyes to liquid refrigerant, ALWAYS wear goggles. - discharge refrigerant vapour into an area with an exposed flame or into an engine intake. Heavy concentrations of refrigerant in contact with naked flame produces a toxic gas. - allow liquid refrigerant to contact bright metal, it will tarnish metal and chrome surfaces, and combined with moisture can seriously corrode all metal surfaces. Servicing equipment The following equipment is required for full servicing PRECAUTIONS IN HANDLING REFRIGERANT of the air conditioning system. Charging trollcy Leak detector Tachometer refrigerant connections. LINES WARNING: Always wear safety goggles when opening Safety goggles Refrigerant charging line gaskets Thermometer -20°C to -60°C Valvc Core Removers SERVICING MATERIALS Rcfrigerant: Refrigerant 2, which includes Freon 2 or Arcton 2. CAUTION: Methychloride refrigerants must not be used. Nominal charge weight: 1,25 kg (2.75 Ibs). Compressor oil: See Recommended Lubricants. PRECAUTIONS IN HANDLING REFRIGERANT The refrigerant used in the air conditioning system is Refrigcrant 2, and is transparent and colourless in both the gaseous and liquid statc. It has a boiling point of -2?.8OC (-21 2°F) at atmospheric p:essüre âm? a: all normal pressures and temperatures it becomes a vapour. The vapour is heavier than air, non-flammable, and non -explosive. It is non-poisonous except when in contact with an open flame, and non-corrosive until it comes in contact with water. The following precautions in handling Refrigerant 12 should be observed at all times. . .,., .., ::. . ., I .. . I. (a) When disconnecting any pipe or flexible connection the system must be discharged of all pressure. Proceed cautiously, regardless of gauge readings. Open connections slowly, kccping hands and face well clear, so that no injury occurs if there is liquid in the line. If pressure is noticed, allow it to bleed off slowly. (b) Lines, flexible end connections and componcnts must be capped immediately they are opened to prevent the entrance of moisture and dirt. (c) Any dirt or grcase on fittings must be wipcd off with a clean alcohol dampened cloth. Do not use chlorinated solvents such as trichloroethylene. If dirt, grease or moisture cannot be removed from inside the pipes, they must be replaced with new pipes. (d) All replacement components and flexible end connections arc sealed, and should only be opencd immediately prior to making the connection. (e) Ensure the components are at room temperature before uncapping, to prevent condensation of moisture from the air that enters. (f) Components must not remain uncapped for longer than fifteen minutes. In the event of delay, the caps must be repiaced. (g) Receiveddriers must never be left uncapped as they contain Silica Gel crystals which will absorb moisture from the atmosphere. A receiveddrier left uncapped must be replaced, and not used. (h) The compressor shaft must not be rotated until the system is entirely assembled and contains a charge of refrigerant. 1
izl AIR CONDITIONING - L.H. & R.H. STEERING (j) A new compressor contains an inital charge of 312,s ml (11 UK fluid ozs) of oil when received, part of which is distributed throughout the system when it has been run. The compressor contains a holding charge of gas when received which should be retained until the hoses are connected. (k) The receiveddrier should be the last component connected to the system to ensure optimum dehydration and maximum moisture protection of the system. (I) All precautions must be taken to prevent damage to fittings and connections. Slight damage could cause a leak with the high pressures used in the system. (m) Always use two spanners of the correct size, one on each hexagon, when releasing and tightening refrigeration unions. Joints and ‘O’ rings should be coated with refrigeration oil to aid correct seating. Fittings which are not lubricated with refrigerant oil are almost certain to leak. All lines must be free of kinks. The efficiency of the system is reduced by a single kink or restriction. Flexible hoses should not be bent to a radius less than ten times the diameter of the hoses. Flexible connections should not be within 50 mm (2 ins) of the exhaust manifold. Completed assemblies must be checked for refrigeration lines touching sheet metal panels. Any direct contact of lines and sheet transmits noise and must be eliminated. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE Routine servicing apart from visual checks, is not necessary. The visual inspections are as follows: Condenser With a hose pipe or air line, clean the face of the condenser to remove flies, leaves etc. Check the pipe connections for signs of oil leakage. Compressor Check hose connections for signs of oil leakage. Check flexible hoses for swelling. Examine the compressor belt for tightness and condition. Checking the compressor oil level and topping-up is only necessary after charging the system or in the event of a malfunction of the system. Evaporator Examine the refrigeration connections at the unit. If the system should develop a fault, or if erratic operation is noticed, refer to the fault diagnosis chart. Service valves There are two types of service valves in operation: ‘Stem’ and ‘Schrader’. To identify where the different operations occur, stem type will be boxed. Stem type Stem type service valves allow for the isolation of the compressor from other parts ol the system. When these valves are used in conjunction with the liquid line quick-disconnect fittings, the three major assemblies of the system can be removed from the vehicle with a minimal loss of refrigerant. In addition, it is possible to remove major assemblies for repair of components which are not part of the refrigeration system, or provide access to parts of the vehicle which are obstructed by the air conditioning system, without fully discharging the system. A thormgh understanding of the stem type service valve is necessary before undertaking servicing or repair involving the air conditioning system. ~-.~ 4 -- 4 5 4 ‘3 ST1387M Stem type service valve 1 Serviceport 2 Valve stem 3 Compressor port 4 Valve seat 5 Hose connector ReceivedDrier Examine the sight glass for bubbles with the system operating. Check connections for leakage. 2
AIR CONDITIONING-L.H. R.H. STEERING 182 2k . - NOTE: A special wrench should be used to adjust the d.:, ~ . valve to prevent damage to the stem. The stem type service valve has three positions, the operation of which is explained as follows. A. ON: FULLY ANTICLOCKWISE - Normal operating position, and the position which is used for connecting and disconnecting the manifold gauge set, is the on position. The stem is turned fully anticlockwise. This seals the service gauge port from receiving any refrigerant flow. - - B. MID (Test) POSITION - After the service gauge manifold has been installed (the valve stem is in the on position), turn the valve stem the required number of turns clockwise. This will put the valve stem seat midway in thc service valve and allow full system operation while permitting refrigerant pressure to reach the gauges. C. OFF: FULLY CLOCKWISE - With the service valve stem turned fully clockwise, the valve will block passage of refrigerant flow through the system. As illustrated, the refrigerant flow to or from the compressor (depending on whether it is high side or low side) is blocked. ST1386M WARNING: NEVER operate the air conditioning system with the service valves in the OFF POSITION, it will cause severe damage to the compressor. 3
AIR CONDITIONING - L.H. & R.H. STEERING Schrader Type These are secured to the head of the compressor, and the suction and discharge flexible end connections are secured to them by unions. The service valves are identified as suction or low pressure, and discharge or high pressure. Whilst they are identical in operation they are not interchangeable, as the connections are of different sizes. The valve with the larger connections fits the suction side. As the name suggests, these valves are for service purposes, providing connections to external pressure/ vacuum gauges for test purposes. In combination with charging and testing equipment they are used to charge the system with refrigerant. T Schrader service valve B. OFF: FULLY CLOCKWISE - With the service valve stem turned fully clockwise, the valve will block passage of refrigerant flow through the system. As illustrated, the refrigerant flow to or from the compressor (depending on whether it is high side or low side) is blocked. WARNING: NEVER operate the air conditioning system with the service valves in the OFF POSITION, it will cause severe damage to the compressor. Valve Core Remover Where Schrader Valve depressors are not fittcd to the Testing equipment lines Valve core removers can be used. Valve Core Removal The use of valve core removers will facilitate servicing operations and should be used as follows: 1. Close all valves on the charging trollcy. 2. Remove the service valve cap and seals from the valve core remover. 3. Withdraw the plungcr as far as possible and connect the core remover to the service valve. 4. Connect the hose to the core remover. 5. Dcpress the plunger until it contacts the valve core. Unscrew the valve until it is free. Withdraw the plunger to its full extent. Service valve caps must be replaced when service operations are completed. Failure to replace caps could ST1496M 5 rcsult in refrigerant loss and system failure. 1. Valve stem 2. Hose connection 3. Service valve 4. Schrader valve core 5. Compressor port 5 9 3 NOTE: A special wrench should be used to adjust the valve to prevent damage to the stem. ST1497M The Schrader type service valve has two positions, the operation of which is explained as follows. A. ON: FULLY ANTICLOCKWISE - Normal operating position, and the position which is used for connecting and disconnecting the manifold gauge set, is the on position. The stem is turned fully anticlockwise. rlhis seals the service gauge port from receiving an, refrigerant flow. 4
AIR CONDITIONING- L.H. & R.H. STEERING ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT DIAGRAM Key to Circuit Diagram 1. 2 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. Thermostat Condenser fan relay 5 amp fuse 17 amp fuse Compressor clutch relay L.H. fan R.H. fan High pressure switch Compressor clutch temperature switch Compressor clutch Fan temperature switch Blower fan relay Diode -Diesel engines only Termination point* Ignition feed pick -off point Starter solenoid pick -off point 30 amp fuse 30 amp fuse Fan speed selector switch Wiring U = 1st speed R = 2ndspeed 0 = 3rdspeed Y = 4thspeed NOTE: R.H. steering models have only three fan speeds ielay 9ir conditioning on/off switch 22. Evaporator motor 23. Resistor block * denotes: L.H. petrol, L.H.1R.H. diesel models, termination at starter solcnoid. R.H. petrol models, termination via link lead to ignition switch. Key to cable colours B Black G Green K Pink L tight N Brown 0 Orange P Purple R Red S Slate U Blue W White Y Yellow The last letter of a colour code denotes the tracer colour 5
82 I AIR CONDITIONING - L.H. & R.H. STEERING VOLTAGE AT BOTH ENDS OF FUSE CHECK FOR STALLED MOTOR f f + t MOTOR OK MOTOR STALLED * CHECK MOTOR GROUND CHECK FOR SHORT REPLACE MOTOR CIRCUIT AND CORRECT ELECTRICAL AIR CONDITIONER BLOWER MOTOR AND CONTROL SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS VOLTAGE AT BATTERY SIDE ONLY * REPLACE FUSE BLOWER MOTOR OPERATES 1 INSPECT RESISTOR BLOCK 1 RESISTOR BLOCK RESISTOR BLOCK OK INSPECT BLOWER RESISTOR BLOCK I REPLACE SWITCH IF DEFECTIVE I BLOWER MOTOR INOPERATIVE I INSPECT FUSE I c 1 CHECK FOR BATTERY 1 BETWEEN MOTOR GROUND +- MOTOR RUNS LOCATE OPEN CIRCUIT I I ATTACH JUMPER WIRE FROM MOTOR FEED WIRE TO BATTERY POSITIVE POST MOTOR DOES NOT RUN f f + MOTOR RUNS REPLACE MOTOR CHECK VOLTAGE AT RESISTOR CONNECTION AT ALL SWITCH POSITIONS CHECK RESISTOR CONTINUITY AND CONNECTIONS 1 I I I 1 VOLTAGE AT ALL SWITCH POSITIONS -~ ~ + I 1 I REPLACE RESISTOR I NO VOLTAGE IN ONE OR MORE SWITCH POSITIONS REMOVE CONNECTOR FROM SWITCH AND CHECK FOR VOLTAGE AT BATTERY TEKMINAL VOLTAGE AT BAITERY TERMINAL TERMINAL f f LOCATE OPEN CONNECTION REPLACE SWITCH AND CORRECT 6