MikroTik Router OS V3.0 User Manual

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•filter- a procedure that classifies packets. The filters are responsible for classifying packets so
that they are put in the corresponding qdiscs. All filters are applied at the HTB root and classify
packets directly into the qdiscs, without traversing the HTB tree. If a packet is not classified
into any of the qdiscs, it is sent out to the interface directly, traversing the HTB, so no HTB
rules are applied to those packets (it would mean effective higher priority than of any packet
flow managed by HTB).
•level- position of a class in the hierarchy.
•class- algorithm for limiting traffic flow to a certain rate. It does not store any packets (this
function can only be performed by a queue). A class may contain either one or more subclasses
(inner class), or one and only one qdisc (leaf class).
•inner class- a class that has one or more child class attached to it. As inner classes do not store
any packets, qdiscs can not be attached to them (so their qdisc and filter settings are ignored,
although may be still shown in RouterOS configuration), so they only do traffic shaping.
Priority setting is ignored as well.
•leaf class- a class that has a parent but does not have any child classes. Leaf classes are always
located at level 0 of the hierarchy. Each leaf class has one and only one qdisc attached to it,
with a certain priority.
•self feed- an exit (out of the HTB tree, to the interface) for the packets from all the classes
active on its level of the hierarchy. There is one self feed per level, each consisting of 8 self
slots that represent priorities.
•self slot- an element of a self feed that corresponds to each particular priority. There is one self
slot per priority per level. All classes, active at the same level, having the same priority are
attached to one self slot that they are using to send packets out through.
•active class (at a particular level)- a class that is attached to a self slot at the given level.
•inner feed- similar to a self feed object, which consists of inner self slots, present on each
inner class. There is one inner feed per inner class.
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							•inner feed slot- similar to self slot. Each inner feed consists of inner slots which represent a
priority.
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•limit-at- normal data rate that is guaranteed to a class (CIR)
•max-limit- maximal data rate that is allowed for a class to reach (MIR)
•priority- order in which classes are served at the same level (8 is the lowest priority, 1 is the
highest)
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•green- a class the actual rate of which is equal or less than limit-at. At this state, the class is
attached to self slot at the corresponding priority at its level, and is allowed to satisfy its CIR
limitation regardless of what limitations its parents have. For example, if we have a leaf class
with limit-at=512000 and its parent has max-limit=limit-at=128000, the class will still get its
512kbps! All CIRs of a particular level are satisfied before all MIRs of the same level and any
limitations of higher levels.
•yellow- a class the actual rate of which is greater than limit-at and equal or less than max-limit
(or burst-limit if burst is active). At this state, the class is attached to the inner slot of the
corresponding priority of its parents inner feed, which, in turn, may be attached to either its
parents inner slot of the same priority (in case the parent is also yellow), or to its own level self
slot of the same priority (in case the parent is green). Upon the transition to this state, the class
disconnects from self feed of its level, and connects to its parents inner feed.
•red- a class the actual rate of which exceeds max-limit (or burst-limit if burst is active). This
class cannot borrow rate from its parent class.
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[admin@MikroTik] queue tree> add name=ClassA parent=Local max-limit=2048000[admin@MikroTik] queue tree> add name=ClassB parent=ClassA max-limit=1024000[admin@MikroTik] queue tree> add name=Leaf1 parent=ClassA max-limit=2048000 \\... limit-at=1024000 packet-mark=packet_mark1 priority=8[admin@MikroTik] queue tree> add name=Leaf2 parent=ClassB max-limit=1024000 \\... limit-at=256000 packet-mark=packet_mark2 priority=7[admin@MikroTik] queue tree> add name=Leaf3 parent=ClassB max-limit=1024000 \\... limit-at=768000 packet-mark=packet_mark3 priority=8[admin@MikroTik] queue tree> printFlags: X - disabled, I - invalid0 name=ClassA parent=Local packet-mark= limit-at=0 queue=defaultpriority=8 max-limit=2048000 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0burst-time=0s
1 name=ClassB parent=ClassA packet-mark= limit-at=0 queue=defaultpriority=8 max-limit=1024000 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0burst-time=0s
2 name=Leaf1 parent=ClassA packet-mark=packet_mark1 limit-at=1024000queue=default priority=8 max-limit=2048000 burst-limit=0burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
3 name=Leaf2 parent=ClassB packet-mark=packet_mark2 limit-at=256000queue=default priority=7 max-limit=1024000 burst-limit=0burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
4 name=Leaf3 parent=ClassB packet-mark=packet_mark3 limit-at=768000queue=default priority=8 max-limit=1024000 burst-limit=0burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s[admin@MikroTik] queue tree>
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