Lucent Technologies DEFINITY Enterprise Communications Server Release 8.2 Administration For Network Connectivity Instructions Manual

							COR 
471
Administration for Network Connectivity
555-233-504 — Issue 1 — April 2000 CID: 77730
  Glossary
COR
See Class of Restriction (COR).
COS
See Class of Service (COS).
CP
Circuit pack.
CSN
See circuit-switched network.
CSU
Channel service unit.
cyclic redundancy checking (CRC)
A method for detecting read, transmit, and write errors in data. At the 
transmission end, the system treats a block of data as a single binary number, 
divides it by some specified binary number, and appends the remainder (called 
the CRC character) to the data. At the receiving end, the system recalculates the 
remainder and compares the result to the CRC character. If the two agree, there 
are no errors.
Ddata channel
A communications path between two points used to transmit digital signals.
data-communications equipment (DCE)
The equipment (usually a modem, data module, or packet 
assembler/disassembler) on the network side of a communications link that 
makes the binary serial data from the source or transmitter compatible with the 
communications channel.
datagram
In packet switching, a packet that carries information sufficient for routing from 
the originating data terminal equipment (DTE) without the necessity of 
establishing a connection between the DTEs and the network. Connectionless, 
unreliable.
data link
The configuration of physical facilities enabling end terminals to communicate 
directly with each other. 
						

							data path   Glossary
Administration for Network Connectivity
CID: 77730 555-233-504 — Issue 1 — April 2000
472
data path
The end-to-end connection used for a data communications link. A data path is 
the combination of all elements of an interprocessor communication in a DCS.
data port
A point of access to a computer that uses trunks or lines for transmitting or 
receiving data.
data service unit (DSU)
A device that transmits digital data on transmission facilities.
data terminal equipment (DTE)
Equipment consisting of the endpoints in a connection over a data circuit. In a 
connection between a data terminal and host, the terminal, the host, and their 
associated modems or data modules make up the DTE. 
DCE
Data-communications equipment.
D-channel backup
Type of backup used with Non-Facility Associated Signaling (NFAS). A 
primary D-channel provides signaling for an NFAS D-channel group (two or 
more PRI facilities). A second D-channel, on a separate PRI facility of the 
NFAS D-channel group, is designated as backup for the D-channel. Failure of 
the primary D-channel causes automatic transfer of call-control signaling to the 
backup D-channel. The backup becomes the primary D-channel. When the 
failed channel returns to service, it becomes the backup D-channel.
DCIU
Data communications interface unit.
DCP
Digital Communications Protocol.
DCS
Distributed Communications System.
dial-plan table
A data structure that defines how a switch or server (such as MMCX) interprets 
dialed digits and routes calls. The dial-plan table performs two tasks. First, it 
identifies a dial plan rule that applies to the kind of input it has received. Then it 
applies the rule and translates the dialed input into a corresponding extension or 
public-network telephone number. (MMCX interserver calls are handled 
differently; see interserver routing table.) 
						

							DID 
473
Administration for Network Connectivity
555-233-504 — Issue 1 — April 2000 CID: 77730
  Glossary
DID
Direct Inward Dialing.
digital communications protocol (DCP)
A proprietary protocol used to transmit both digitized voice and digitized data 
over the same communications link. A DCP link is made up of two 64-kbps 
information (I-) channels and one 8-kbps signaling (S-) channel. The DCP 
protocol supports 2 information-bearing channels, and thus two telephones/data 
modules.
digital signal level 0 (DS0)
A single 64-kbps voice channel. A DS0 is a single 64-kbps channel in a T1 or 
E1 facility and consists of eight bits in a T1 or E1 frame every 125 
microseconds.
digital signal level 1 (DS1)
A single 1.544-Mbps (United States) or 2.048-Mbps (outside the United States) 
digital signal carried on a T1 transmission facility. A DS1 converter complex 
consists of a pair, one at each end, of DS1 converter circuit packs and the 
associated T1/E1 facilities.
digital terminal data module (DTDM)
An integrated or adjunct data module that shares with a digital telephone the 
same physical port for connection to a communications system. The function of 
a DTDM is similar to that of a PDM and MPDM in that it converts RS-232C 
signals to DCP signals.
distributed application
A computer application that runs on one or more clients and uses shared 
resources, such as databases. These resources reside on a common server. 
Distributed design lets multiple users run programs using common, centrally 
maintained files.
domain
An addressable location on a network, such as a group of computers, single 
computer, or subdirectory. See Domain Name Server (DNS).
Domain Name Server (DNS)
An Internet computer that maintains a database of domain names.
Provides a mapping of alphanumeric names to IP addresses; for example, 
xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx --> www.lucent.com.
DNS
See Domain Name Server (DNS). 
						

							DSU   Glossary
Administration for Network Connectivity
CID: 77730 555-233-504 — Issue 1 — April 2000
474
DSU
Data service unit.
DTDM
Digital-terminal data module.
DTE
Data-terminal equipment.
EE-1
A digital transmission link with a capacity of 2.048 Mbps (2,048,000 bits per 
second). The European equivalent of the T- 1. It can support 30 multiplexed 
64-Kbps voice and data channels plus separate 64-Kbps channels for signalling 
and framing (synchronization). Also spelled E1.
EIA
See Electronics Industries Association (EIA).
EIA-232
A physical interface specified by the EIA. EIA-232 transmits and receives 
asynchronous data at speeds of up to 19.2 kbps over cable distances of up to 50 
feet. EIA-232 replaces RS-232 protocol in some DEFINITY applications.
electronic tandem network (ETN)
A tandem tie-trunk network that has automatic call-routing capabilities based 
on the number dialed and the most preferred route available. Each switch in the 
network is assigned a unique private network office code (RNX), and each 
voice terminal is assigned a unique extension.
Electronics Industries Association (EIA)
A trade association of the electronics industry that establishes electrical and 
functional standards.
Ethernet
A local area network (LAN) that works over short distances on twisted-pairs or 
coaxial cables at speeds up to 10 mbps or 100 mbps. One of the two LAN 
protocols MMCX supports. See AT M, LAN emulation (LANE).
Ethernet Source Address
A 48-bit physical address of the NIC; also called the MAC address.
ETN
Electronic tandem network 
						

							facility 
475
Administration for Network Connectivity
555-233-504 — Issue 1 — April 2000 CID: 77730
  Glossary
Ffacility
A telecommunications transmission pathway and associated equipment.
facility-associated signaling (FAS)
Signaling for which a D-channel carries signaling only for those channels on 
the same physical interface.
FA S
Facility-associated signaling
framing
The data-formatting conventions that allow a receiver to synchronize with the 
transmitting end of a circuit. For example, T-1 frames contain an 8-bit sample 
from each of the 24 channels on the interface (192 bits total) plus a framing bit 
(for a total of 193 bits). Each framing bit marks the end of a timed sample the 
input at the transmission end.
FRL
Facilities Restriction Level.
FX
Foreign exchange.
GGateway
(1) protocol converter (2) a node between network segments.
HH.320
The most common standard for videoconferencing over ISDN BRI circuits. 
H.320-compatible systems can communicate with each other even when they 
rely on dissimilar hardware and software.
H.323
A specification that sets standards for multimedia communications between 
LANs and telephony networks, such as ISDN.
HDB3
See High Density Bipolar 3-Bit Substitution (HDB3). 
						

							High Density Bipolar 3-Bit Substitution (HDB3)   Glossary
Administration for Network Connectivity
CID: 77730 555-233-504 — Issue 1 — April 2000
476
High Density Bipolar 3-Bit Substitution (HDB3)
HDB3 line coding is similar to Bipolar 8 Zero Substitution (B8ZS) in some 
ways. It replaces every 4 consecutive zero in a stream of AMI-encoded data 
(see line coding) with either of two sequences. If there has been an even number 
of 1s since the last substitution, it substitutes the pattern 1 0 0 
BipolarViolation, where BipolarViolation is a 3-volt pulse (a 1) of the 
same polarity as the preceding 3-volt pulse. If there has been an odd number of 
1s since the last substitution, HDB3 coding substitutes the pattern 0 0 0 
BipolarViolation for the 4-zero string. This system does not corrupt binary 
data, and is commonly used with E-1 lines. 
host
A server.
host name 
See server name.
IIANA
Internet Assigned Number Authority.
INADS
Initialization and Administration System
Information element (IE)
The data fields in ISDN messages.
in-service state
The condition or state of an MMCX server that is ready to handle calls.
International Standards Organization (ISO)
A body that defines and/or adopts protocols widely used in the computer and 
telecommunications industries.
International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
Formerly known as International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative 
Committee (CCITT), ITU is an international organization that sets universal 
standards for data communications, including ISDN. ITU members are from 
telecommunications companies and organizations around the world. 
Internet
The decentralized network of networks that grew from ARPAnet and supported 
by TCP/IP. 
						

							interserver routing table 
477
Administration for Network Connectivity
555-233-504 — Issue 1 — April 2000 CID: 77730
  Glossary
interserver routing table
A database that keeps track of the interserver routing tables on a multiserver 
MMCX network. When a server sets up a Point-to-Point Protocol connection 
with a remote server, the local server looks up the dialed-digit sequences in the 
interserver routing table. (Calls that involve only one MMCX server are routed 
using the dial-plan table.)
I/O base address
The place in memory where a given computer peripheral places and picks up 
messages that travel over a computer’s system bus.
IP
Internet Protocol.
IP (Internet Protocol) address
A 32-bit number that uniquely identifies endpoints on the Internet, commonly 
specified in the form 
n1.n2.n3.n4 where each nn is a decimal number between 
0 and 255. Part of the IP address represents the address of a local network’s 
gateway to the Internet and part represents the host-machine address within that 
local network. The available bits are apportioned to the network address or 
local address using a system of classes. The Class A addresses used by the 
largest organizations on the Internet reserve the first 8 bits for the network 
portion of the address and remaining 24 for the host machine. Class B 
addresses, the most common class, assign 16 bits to the network and 16 to the 
host machine. The Class C addresses used by small networks reserve the first 
24 bits for the network and the remaining 8 bits for the host.
IP user
An H.323 endpoint on an MMCX network. Such users do not have log ins, so 
the MMCX server identifies them using an extension number and an IP address.
ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network, a digital, voice and data service. You get 
ISDN in either of two forms. Primary Rate Interface (PRI) service has a 
capacity of 1.544 mbps, divided into 23 or 29 B-channels (23 on a North 
American T-1 connection, 29 on a European E-1) and 1 D-channel, each with a 
capacity of 64 kbps. Basic Rate Interface (BRI) service has a capacity of 
144 kbps, divided into 2 B-channels at 64 kbps each and 1 D-channel at 16 
kbps.
ISDN trunk
A trunk administered for use with ISDN-PRI. Also called ISDN facility. 
						

							LAN   Glossary
Administration for Network Connectivity
CID: 77730 555-233-504 — Issue 1 — April 2000
478
LLAN
See local area network.
LAN emulation (LANE)
A technique that lets AT M networks communicate with Ethernet LAN cards. 
ATM service is not widely available at the desktop and ATM interface cards are 
expensive, so ATM networks usually emulate LANs when communicating with 
user terminals. Typically, a LAN-emulation configuration server (LECS) 
keeps track of the relationships between ATM-network addresses and IP 
addresses on the LAN. Each ATM card is then treated as a client of a 
LAN-emulation server, which connects the ATM cards to the LAN cards on 
the user terminals.
LAP-D
See link-access procedure on the D-channel (LAPD).
LECS (LAN-emulation configuration server)
See LAN emulation (LANE).
LES (LAN-emulation server)
See LAN emulation (LANE).
line coding
Line coding is the data format that lets either end of a communications channel 
correctly interpret messages from the other. Line coding systems specify the 
voltage levels and patterns that represent binary digits (1s and 0s), based on the 
requirements of the transmission network. The AT&T network has two: it 
demands that the net voltage on the line equal 0 volts DC and it demands a 
minimum Open System Interconnect (OSI) Model. The T-carrier system meets 
the first requirement by using a bipolar line-coding scheme called Alternate 
Mark Inversion (AMI). It meets the second with one of several supplementary 
coding schemes, including ZCS, Bipolar 8 Zero Substitution (B8ZS), and High 
Density Bipolar 3-Bit Substitution (HDB3).
line compensation
An allowance for pulse distortions in the cable that connects the MMCX server 
to the first channel service unit (CSU) on the PRI span. It is proportional to the 
length of the cable. T1 circuit packs adjust the outgoing signal so that it arrives 
at the far end without distortion.
link
A transmitter-receiver channel that connects two systems. 
						

							link-access procedure on the D-channel (LAPD) 
479
Administration for Network Connectivity
555-233-504 — Issue 1 — April 2000 CID: 77730
  Glossary
link-access procedure on the D-channel (LAPD)
A link-layer protocol on the ISDN-BRI and ISDN-PRI data-link layer (level 2). 
LAPD provides data transfer between two devices, and error and flow control 
on multiple logical links. LAPD is used for signaling and low-speed packet data 
(X.25 and mode 3) on the signaling (D-) channel and for mode-3 data 
communications on a bearer (B-) channel.
local area network
A short-range data communication network 
providing  high-sp eed  c arrier 
servic e with low error rates
. Generally, a LAN is limited  in rang e to a maximum 
of 6.2 miles. 
Ethernet and Token-Ring are common LAN architectures. See 
wide area network, Ethernet.
looparound testing
Checking an interface by sending a signal through the output, across a medium 
(the loop), and back through the input. Internal looparound tests run against the 
internal circuitry of the card. External looparound tests check the connectors at 
the edge of the card using a fiber or wire loop. PRI, Ethernet, and ATM cards 
are tested this way.
MMAC
Media Access Control; a sublayer of the OSI Data Link layer, provides an 
interface with the network adapter.
main-satellite-tributary
A private network configuration that can either stand alone or access an ETN. A 
main switch provides interconnection, via tie trunks, with one or more 
subtending switches, called satellites; all attendant positions for the 
main/satellite configuration; and access to and from the public network. To a 
user outside the complex, a main/satellite configuration appears as one switch, 
with one listed directory number (LDN). A tributary switch is connected to the 
main switch via tie trunks, but has its own attendant positions and LDN.
Management Information Base (MIB)
A virtual database used by the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
MAPD
Multiapplication platform for DEFINITY.
MA-UUI
Message-Associated User-to-User Signaling.
M-Bus
Memory bus. 
						

							MDR   Glossary
Administration for Network Connectivity
CID: 77730 555-233-504 — Issue 1 — April 2000
480
MDR
Message detail record.
MIB
See Management Information Base (MIB).
MMCH
Multimedia call handling.
MSA
Message Server Adjunct.
multicasting
A transmission method that promotes efficient bandwidth utilization on a 
multimedia data network when several parties are transmitting and receiving 
simultaneously. Normally, each party sends a separate video stream to each of 
the other parties and receives a separate video stream from each in return (this is 
called unicasting). Multicasting substitutes a single broadcast transmission 
(addressed to all parties) for the separate transmissions addressed to each. Each 
party then continues to receive multiple data streams while sending only one. 
For best results, multicast messages should be restricted to one or more subnet. 
NNational Television Standards Committee (NTSC) standard
The standard format and transmission method for television signals in North 
America, Central America, and Japan. The NTSC is a division of the Electronic 
Industries Association (EIA). MMCX video transmissions conform with NTSC 
requirements.
national number
The full dialed number minus the country code. The national number is 
composed of office code plus subscriber code. In North America, this means 
area code plus seven digits. For example, 303-538-1234 is a national number. 
NCA/TSC
Noncall-associated/temporary-signaling connection.
NCOSS
Network Control Operations Support Center.
NCSO
National Customer Support Organization.
NEC
National Engineering Center.