Land Rover Body And Paint Air Bag And Safety Belt Rover Manual

							Fusible link 2E (permanent 12V supply)3
Fuse 25E (permanent 12V supply)4
Lighting control switch5
LH headlamp levelling motor (if fitted)6
RH headlamp levelling motor (if fitted)7
LH front fog lamp8
RH front fog lamp9
Front fog lamp relay (NAS only)10
Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) relay (if fitted)11
Central Junction Box (CJB)12
Fuse 38P (NAS only)13
Instrument cluster14
Steering angle sensor15
Parking brake module16
Engine Control Module (ECM)17
Air suspension control module18
ABS module19
Stop lamp switch20
RH rear lamp assembly21
High mounted stop lamp22
LH rear lamp assembly23
License plate lamps24
RH front headlamp assembly25
LH front headlamp assembly26
LH side repeater lamp27
RH side repeater lamp28
LH steering column multifunction switch29
Rain/light sensor (if fitted)30
Adaptive Front lighting System (AFS) control
module (if fitted)
31
LH AFS Actuator (if fitted)32
RH AFS actuator (if fitted)33
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Lesson 2 – ElectricalExterior Lighting 
						

							The generator is located at the front RH side of the
engine, on the cylinder block. The generator has an
output of 85/150 Amps and is manufactured by Denso.
A six-ribbed polyvee belt drives the generator pulley,
which in turn is driven from the engine crankshaft
pulley.
The generator comprises a stator, a rotor, a rectifier pack
and a regulator. There is a three-pin connector (C0053)
on the generator:
•Pin 1 – Voltage reference line to the battery via the
Battery Junction Box (BJB)
•Pin 2 – Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signal from
the Engine Control Module (ECM) to the generator
(generator control)
•Pin 3 – PWM signal from the generator to the ECM
(generator monitoring)
The generator is connected to earth via its mountings.
The rotor comprises a field winding, wound around an
iron core and mounted on a shaft. The iron core has
extensions at each end, which form North and South
poles as current flows through the field winding. The
rotor is located inside the stator and is mounted on
bearings for smooth running and to support the rotor
due to the high side loading applied by the drive belt
tension.
The stator has three sets of coils made from copper wire.
The three coil windings are connected in a star
connection, where one end of the winding is connected
to the other two windings. The output current is supplied
from the opposite end of each winding. Rotation of the
rotor causes ac current to be produced in the coils.
The rectifier converts the ac current produced in the
stator coils into dc (rectified) current required by the
vehicle electrical system. The rectifier comprises
semi-conductor diodes mounted on a heatsink to
dissipate heat. An equal number of the diodes are on
the negative and positive side, an additional diode in
the regulator to control feedback through the battery
voltage signal line. The rectifier also prevents current
flow from the battery to the generator when the output
voltage is less than the battery voltage.
The smart regulator controls the output voltage from
the generator to protect the battery; at low temperatures
battery charge acceptance is very poor so the voltage
needs to be high to maximise any re-chargeability, but
at high temperatures the charge voltage must be
restricted to prevent excessive gassing with consequent
water loss. The EMS, which controls the regulator, will
calculate the voltage set point required for the ensuing
conditions. The traditional regulator controls voltage
against generator temperature, which means the battery
temperature will lag a long way behind so there will be
significant periods of operation when battery charging
is compromised. With this system, the EMS can set the
voltage by inferring the battery temperature from
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Lesson 2 – ElectricalGenerator 
						

							information received from its various sensors, hence
voltage will follow the batterys needs a lot more
accurately.
The regulator has transistors, which rapidly switch on
and off to regulate the voltage output according to the
voltage sensed internally. The regulator also provides
a PWM signal output to the ECM, which uses the signal
to adjust the idle speed under varying electrical loads.
Initially, the ignition switch supply provides an
excitation current to the rotor at low generator speeds
via brushes, which contact slip rings at the end of the
rotor shaft. As the generator speed increases the
generator becomes self-exciting.
The charge warning lamp function is transmitted to the
EMS and then on to the Controller Area Network (CAN)
bus to the instrument pack.
LOAD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
The load management system comprises software
resident in the Automatic Temperature Control Module
(ATCM).Its purpose is to protect battery state-of-charge
during abnormal usage of the vehicle. The system will
request the Media Orientated System Transport (MOST)
ring and the air suspension to go into power save mode,
and will modulate features such as seat heating and
screen heating to prevent the battery being dragged
down to a point where the car becomes unoperational.
A WARNING - LOW BATTERY message will be
displayed in the message centre.
GeneratorLesson 2 – Electrical
123Technical Training (G421259) 
						

							GENERAL
Information and Message Displays
Terrain Response™ icons (if applicable)1
Message display2
LCD Message center3
Odometer display4
Miles or KM display5
Trip meter display6
LCD Information display7
Gear position display (Automatic transmission
only)
8
Transmission mode display (Automatic
transmission only)
9
Selected gear position display (Automatic
transmission only)
10
Two variants of the instrument cluster are used; high
line and low line. Both variants also differ depending
on market specification, engine fitments and features
fitted to the vehicle.
The instrument cluster is an electronic device which
receives digital or analog signals via hardwired or bus
systems for instrumentation operation.
The information display, which shows odometer, trip,
gear position and mode data, is applicable to both high
and low line instrument clusters. The message center is
only available on high line instrument clusters.
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Lesson 2 – ElectricalInformation and Message Center 
						

							MESSAGE CENTER
The message center is an Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
located in a central position at the bottom of the
instrument cluster. The LCD has a viewable area of 71
mm X 36 mm with a pixel size of 0.54 mm X 0.54 mm.
When active, the message center is illuminated as
follows:
•At ignition on.
•At ignition off when all current messages are being
displayed to the driver.
•At ignition off, each current message is displayed in
turn for 3 seconds. The message center will remain
active if KEY IN IGNITION or LIGHTS ON is
displayed.
When the ignition is switched on and the lights are off,
the message center will illuminate at full, normal
brightness. If the lights are switched on, the intensity
of illumination is reduced to a level determined by the
PWM dimmer control located on the lighting control
switch.
The majority of messages are generated by the vehicle
subsystem modules on receipt of CAN bus message
signals. The instrument cluster identifies the signals and
displays the appropriate message in the message center.
Most messages are accompanied by a chime or series
of chimes which is requested by the module generating
the message. The chime is emitted by a sounder located
within the instrument cluster.
The driver can view system status messages which are
current within the instrument cluster software by cycling
through the trip computer functions.
Message Center Display Arbitration
When the ignition is switched on, the message center
displays the system check message for 3 seconds. If the
ignition is switched off during this period, the display
goes off.
After the system check, the message center shows the
normal display for a vehicle without Terrain Response™
(display mode 3E, see following section for mode
descriptions). The display shows the ambient
temperature, adaptive cruise information (if applicable)
and trip computer information. This display format is
changed if the driver switches the ignition off or the
instrument cluster detects a condition which needs to
be relayed to the driver, low washer fluid for example.
Driver intervention has the highest priority. If a driver
request and a warning condition become active at the
same time, the driver request will be displayed first.
If an adaptive cruise set-up message is received, the
display will change to display mode 3 D or E (see
following section for mode descriptions). This will
display for 3 seconds when the display changes back to
the normal display.
If a Terrain Response™ message is received, the display
will change to a mode 3 display, appropriate for the
additional information to be displayed. The instrument
cluster reviews the information required to be displayed
and shows the appropriate format.
Display Modes
The message center has four different display modes.
Each mode is displayed depending on vehicle operating
conditions and driver requests. The display modes are
detailed in the following table:
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83Technical Training (G421249) 
						

							FormatDescriptionDisplay
Mode
No display in this modeBlank0
Customer settings
display
Information1
System precheck at
ignition on
Pre-check2
Seven different formats
available (A, B, C, D,
E, F or G) depending on
vehicle specification
and active functions
Normal3
Display Mode 0
This mode is entered when the ignition is off and the
CAN bus system is asleep and no characters or symbols
are displayed. This mode is exited by switching the
ignition on or if the driver selects the Customer Settings
mode.
Display Mode 1
This mode displays information to the driver and
provides the driver with the option to change certain
settings for the vehicle. The display is a full screen
format. A number of displays are available to allow the
driver to customise various vehicle functions. Refer to
Customer Settings in this section for further details.
Display Mode 2 - System Start-up
When the ignition is switched on, the LCD shows the
SYSTEM CHECK IN PROGRESS message. This
message is displayed during the indicator lamp test
period for 3 seconds after the ignition on is sensed.
When the ignition is switched off, the LCD returns to
the display mode 0.
Display Mode 3
Display mode 3 is the normal operating mode for the
message center. There are seven different display
formats (A to G) which cover all possible display
formats and also provides for vehicles with or without
the Terrain Response™ system. The seven displays are
described below:
•A  =  D i s p l a y  s h o w s :  T e r r a i n  R e s p o n s e™ Mode icon;
Steering Wheel Direction Icons; Trip
computer/Warning Messages
•B  = Display shows: Terrain Response™ Modes
(Active mode in reverse image); Terrain Response™
description message
•C  = Display shows: Active Terrain Response™
Mode icon; Terrain Response ™ Description
message; Trip Computer/Warning Messages
•D  = Display shows: Active Terrain Response™
Mode icon; Ambient Temperature;
Text/Information/Advice/Warnings; Adaptive Cruise
Control (if applicable)
•E  =  D i s p l a y  s h o w s :  A m b i e n t  T e m p e r a t u r e ;  A d a p t i v e
Cruise Control (if applicable);
Text/Information/Advice/Warnings
•F  = Display shows: Ambient Temperature;
Warnings/Information
•G  = Display shows: Active Terrain Response™
Mode icon; Ambient Temperature;
Text/Information/Advice/Warnings
Message Priority
The messages are assigned priorities which are defined
by the effect on driving safety and functional ability of
the vehicle. New messages are displayed and
accompanied by a chime from the sounder. Messages
are divided into three priority groups; 1, 2, and 3 as
follows:
Priority Group 1
•This group of messages have a direct effect on the
driving ability and safety of the vehicle, ENGINE
SYSTEM FAULT for example. This message would
require an immediate reaction from the driver in
response to the message. Priority 1 messages will
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Lesson 2 – ElectricalInformation and Message Center 
						

							also be accompanied by the appropriate warning
indicator flashing and a continuous chime from the
instrument cluster. If more than one priority 1
message is present, each message is displayed in turn
at 3 second intervals.
Priority Group 2
•This group of messages do not directly affect the
driving ability or safety of the vehicle, CHECK
BRAKE PADS for example. This message must be
noted by the driver and the cause rectified as soon
as possible. Each of these messages is displayed once
at ignition on or when the fault occurs for a
predetermined time period. These messages can be
recalled by the driver by pressing the trip reset button
for more than 3 seconds.
Priority Group 3
•This group of messages relate to low priority
messages, WASHER FLUID LOW for example.
Depending on the message, some messages are only
shown at the end of a journey to avoid annoyance to
the driver. The messages will be accompanied by a
chime when the ignition is switched off to alert the
driver to their presence.
The messages are displayed in a language applicable to
the market configuration of the vehicle and can be
changed using T4. The following list shows the possible
messages which can be displayed, other visual or audible
warnings and a description of the message.
ActionReasonOther WarningsMessage
NoneInstrument cluster internal
diagnostic routine
NoneSYSTEM CHECK
IN PROGRESS
Connect T4 to diagnose
fault
Terrain Response special programs
not available due to system fault.
Drive off-road with care.
Single chime,
general program
icon illuminated in
message center
SYSTEM FAULT
SPECIAL PROGRAMS
NOT AVAILABLE
Select low range if
required
Advisory message for Terrain
Response special program
displayed once every ignition cycle
Mud-ruts program
icon illuminated in
message center
RECOMMEND
LOW RANGE
IS SELECTED
FOR MUD-RUTS
PROGRAM
Select 2nd gear if requiredAdvisory message for Terrain
Response special program (Only
displayed on vehicles with manual
transmission in low range, once
every ignition cycle)
Grass Gravel Snow
program icon illu-
minated in
message center
RECOMMEND
STARTING IN
2ND GEAR
FOR SLIPPERY
CONDITIONS
Select 3rd gear if requiredAdvisory message for Terrain
Response special program (Only
displayed on vehicles with manual
transmission in low range, once
every ignition cycle)
Grass Gravel Snow
program icon illu-
minated in
message center
RECOMMEND
STARTING IN
3RD GEAR
FOR SLIPPERY
CONDITIONS
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							ActionReasonOther WarningsMessage
Raise suspension manually
to off-road height if
required
Advisory message for Terrain
Response mud/ruts special program
when in high range, displayed once
every ignition cycle (Suspension
raised automatically when in low
range)
Mud-ruts program
icon illuminated in
message center
RECOMMEND
RAISING
SUSPENSION TO
OFF ROAD HEIGHT
IN DEEP MUD-RUTS
NoneAdvisory message to inform driver
that Terrain Response special
programs are off
All five program
icons illuminated
in message center
Terrain Response
SPECIAL PROGRAMS
OFF
NoneAdvisory message to inform driver
that current special program has
been switched off and general
program is active
General program
icon illuminated in
message center
SPECIAL
PROGRAMS
OFF
Raise suspension manually
to off-road height if
possible and where appro-
priate
Only displayed when system would
have normally provided off-road
height, but driver has manually
lowered the suspension (or the
suspension system is unable to
raise the vehicle)
The active special
program icon will
be illuminated in
message center
CAUTION!
RISK OF
GROUNDING WITH
SUSPENSION AT
NORMAL HEIGHT
If trailer or light board is
connected, manually raise
suspension to off-road
height if safe to do so
If nothing is connected to
trailer socket, investigate
trailer socket and/or
Terrain Response system
for fault
Advisory message displayed when
Terrain Response system would
normally have provided off-road
height automatically, but system
has detected an electrical load on
trailer socket
The active special
program icon will
be illuminated in
message center
TRAILER
CONNECTED
OFF ROAD HEIGHT
NOT SELECTED
AUTOMATICALLY
Change transfer box to low
range
Terrain Response Rock Crawl
special program has been requested
but transfer box is in high range
Single chime, rock
crawl program icon
illuminated in
message center
SELECT LOW RANGE
TO ACTIVATE
ROCK CRAWL
NoneAdvisory message. Terrain
Response Sand special program has
been selected for more than 2
seconds and is currently active
Sand program icon
illuminated in
message center
SAND
PROGRAM SELECTED
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							ActionReasonOther WarningsMessage
NoneAdvisory message. Terrain
Response Rock Crawl special
program has been selected for more
than 2 seconds and is currently
active
Rock crawl
program icon illu-
minated in
message center
ROCK CRAWL
PROGRAM SELECTED
NoneAdvisory message. Terrain
Response Grass Gravel Snow
special program has been selected
for more than 2 seconds and is
currently active
Grass gravel snow
program icon illu-
minated in
message center
GRASS GRAVEL
SNOW
PROGRAM SELECTED
NoneAdvisory message. Terrain
Response Mud/Ruts special
program has been selected for more
than 2 seconds and is currently
active
Mud-ruts program
icon illuminated in
message center
MUD RUTS
PROGRAM SELECTED
NoneAdvisory message. Terrain
Response rotary control has been
moved to the Grass Gravel Snow
position. Program will be selected
after 2 seconds
Grass gravel snow
program icon illu-
minated in
message center
GRASS GRAVEL
SNOW
NoneAdvisory message. Terrain
Response rotary control has been
moved to the Mud/Ruts position.
Program will be selected after 2
seconds
Mud-ruts program
icon illuminated in
message center
MUD-RUTS
NoneAdvisory message. Terrain
Response rotary control has been
moved to the Sand position.
Program will be selected after 2
seconds
Sand program icon
illuminated in
message center
SAND
NoneAdvisory message. Terrain
Response rotary control has been
moved to the Rock Crawl position.
Program will be selected after 2
seconds
Rock crawl
program icon illu-
minated in
message center
ROCK CRAWL
Information and Message CenterLesson 2 – Electrical
87Technical Training (G421249) 
						

							ActionReasonOther WarningsMessage
If operating conditions
change within 60 seconds,
selected program will be
activated. If message
caused by electronically
controlled differential(s)
overheat, allow differen-
tial(s) to cool and attempt
to reselect program.
Vehicle operating conditions
prevent selection of program. This
may be caused by ABS or DSC
activity or electronically controlled
differential(s)
Selected special
program icon illu-
minated in
message center
PROGRAM CHANGE
IN PROGRESS
Connect T4 to diagnose
fault
A fault has been detected in the air
suspension system. Only normal
height is available.
Two chimes,
amber indicator
permanently illu-
minated.
SUSPENSION FAULT
NORMAL HEIGHT
ONLY
Connect T4 to diagnose
fault
A major fault detected in air
suspension system. Height cannot
be controlled correctly.
Two chimes
repeated regularly.
Red indicator
permanently illu-
minated.
SUSPENSION FAULT
MAX SPEED 50 km/h or 30
MPH
Ensure the vehicle speed
does not exceed 18.6 mph
(30 km/h)
Vehicle will rise automatically to
normal height from crawl (locked
access) height if vehicle speed
increases.
Two chimesSLOW DOWN OR
VEHICLE WILL
RAISE
Ensure the vehicle speed
does not exceed 18.6 mph
(30 km/h)
Vehicle will automatically lower
to normal height from off road
height if vehicle speed increases.
Two chimesSLOW DOWN OR
VEHICLE WILL
LOWER
NoneAir suspension compressor is
cooling. Lifting will resume when
compressor has cooled.
One chimeSUSPENSION
WILL RAISE WHEN
SYSTEM COOLED
NoneVehicle is lifting slowly because
reservoir is empty. Only displayed
if lift time exceeds 12 seconds.
This is not a system fault
NoneSUSPENSION
VEHICLE
RAISING SLOWLY
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Lesson 2 – ElectricalInformation and Message Center