Sharp Ar153e N Manual

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9
SPECIFICATIONS
ModelAR-153EAR-157E
Type Digital laser copier/printer, desk-top type
Copy system Dry, electrostatic transfer
Originals Sheets, bound documents
Paper tray 250 sheets
Multi-bypass tray 50 sheets
Paper output tray  100 sheets
RSPF—RSPF
Original sizesOriginal table/
RSPFMax. 8-1/2 x 14
Original feedOriginal table 1 sheet
RSPF—Up to 30 sheets
Copy size 3-1/2 x 5-1/2 to 8-1/2 x 14*
1
Image lossMax. 5/32 *
2
Max. 11/64 *3
Max. 15/64 *4
Copy speed 15 pages/min.
Continuous copying Max. 99 pages subtractive counter
First-copy time
(Approximately)9.6 seconds 
(paper:A4, exposure mode:AUTO, copy ratio:100% )
Copy ratioVariable:25% to 400% in 1% increments (total 376 steps)
Fixed: 25%, 64% 78%, 100%, 129%, 400%
Exposure 
systemOriginal tableMoving optical source, slit exposure (stationary platen) 
with automatic exposure
RSPF—Moving original
Fusing system Heat rollers
Development system Magnetic brush development
Light source Cold cathode fluorescent lamp
Resolution600 x 300dpi (Auto/Manual mode)
600 x 600dpi (Photo mode)
Gradation 2 levels
Bit depth 1 bit or 8 bit/pixel
Sensor Color CCD
Memory 8 MB 16 MB
Power supply AC 120V (
±10%), 60 Hz (±2%)
Power consumption 1000 W
Overall 
dimensionsWidth 31.9 31.9
Depth 19.4 19.4 
Weight (Approximately) *
535.3 lbs. 50.7 lbs.
9APPENDIX 
						

							70
*1Feed paper lengthwise only.
*2Leading and trailing edges.
*3Along the other edges in totals.
*4The trailing edge of the second (Two-side copy mode).
*5Not includes Toner cartridge. Unit dimensionsWidth 20.4 20.4
Depth 19.4 19.4 
Height 11.6 18.3
Operating conditionsTemperature: 50°F to 86°F 
Humidity: 20% to 85%
Noise levelSound Power Level L
wA (1B=10dB)
Copying: 6.0 [B], Standby: 3.7 [B]
Sound Pressure Level L
pA (bystander positions)
Copying: 46 [dB (A)], Standby: 23 [dB (A)]
Noise emission measurement in accordance with ISO 7779.
Emission concentration
(measurement according to 
RAL-UZ 62)Ozone: less than 0.02 mg/m3
Dust: less than 0.075 mg/m3
Styrene: less than 0.07 mg/m3
Optional equipmentPrinter/Scanner Expansion Kit (AR-PG2)
250-sheet paper feed unit (AR-D16)
Single pass feeder (AR-SP5)
ModelAR-153EAR-157E 
						

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9
Optional equipment
Printer/Scanner Expansion Kit (AR-PG2)
*1Feed paper lengthwise only.
*2Data transmission time is not included.
Single pass feeder (AR-SP5)
250-sheet paper feed unit (AR-D16)
Printing system Dry, electrostatic transfer
Printing size 3-1/2 x 5-1/2 to 8-1/2 x 14 *1
Print speed Max. 12 pages/min. (Letter or A4)
Continuous printing Max. 99 pages subtractive counter
First-print time (Approximately) 9.6 seconds (Paper: A4) *
2
ResolutionPrinter 600 dpi
Scanner 600 x 1200 dpi
Emulation SHARP GDI
Page orientation Portrait or landscape
Interface portUSB interface (USB1.1 Standard) /
IEEE1284-compliant bi-directional parallel interface (Only 
for printer)
Acceptable originalsWeight: 14lbs. to 23.9 lbs.
Size: 5-1/2 x 8-1/2 to 8-1/2 x 14
Capacity: Up to 30 sheets
Power supply Drawn from the unit.
Weight Approx.6.6 lbs.
Dimensions 19.6 (W) x15.0 (D) x 4.3 (H)
Paper size 5-1/2 x 8-1/2 to 8-1/2 x 14
Paper weight 15 lbs. to 21 lbs.
Paper capacity One paper tray with capacity for 250 sheets of 21 lbs. bond paper
Weight 6.6 lbs.
Dimensions 19.6 (W) x 15.6 (D) x 3.5 (H)
Power supply Drawn from the unit
As a part of our policy of continuous improvement, SHARP reserves the 
right to make design and specification changes for product improvement 
without prior notice. The performance specification figures indicated are 
nominal values of production units. There may be some deviations from 
these values in individual units. 
						

							72
INDEX
2
250-Sheet paper feed unit ................. 39
A
Acrobat Reader ................................. 65
Alarm indicator
- Developer replacement required 
indicator .............................. 6, 31, 37
- Maintenance indicator ........ 6, 31, 37
- Misfeed indicator ................ 6, 31, 32
- Toner cartridge replacement 
required indicator................ 6, 25, 31
Appendix ........................................... 69
Auto clear time .................................. 23
Auto power shut-off mode ................. 23
Automatic exposure adjustment ........ 17
B
Before installation .............................. 41
Button Manager ........................... 40, 56
Bypass feed....................................... 10
Bypass paper guides ..................... 5, 10
C
Cautions
- Handling ......................................... 2
- Label............................................... 1
- Using .............................................. 1
Charger cleaner ............................. 5, 29
Cleaning the unit
- Cabinet ......................................... 28
- Original cover ............................... 28
- Original table ................................ 28
- RSPF/SPF .................................... 28
- RSPF/SPF Scanning widow ......... 28
- Transfer charger ........................... 29
Clear key ................................. 6, 16, 24
Connecting the interface cable
- parallel interface cable ................. 68
- USB interface cable...................... 67
Conventions used in the manual ......... 4
Copy flow........................................... 12
Copy quantity .................................... 16
Copy quantity key .................... 6, 16, 23
Copy ratio display key ................... 6, 18
Copy ratio selector indicator .......... 6, 18
Copy ratio selector key .................. 6, 18
D
Dark key ........................................ 6, 16
Developer replacement required 
indicator ................................... 6, 31, 37
Developer required ............................ 37
Display................................................. 6
Displaying total number of copies ..... 24
E
Exposure adjustment......................... 16
Exposure mode indicator............... 6, 16
Exposure mode selector key ......... 6, 16
F
Flow of installation ............................. 42
Front cover .......................................... 5
Fusing unit release lever ..................... 5
H
Handle ................................................. 5
Hardware and software 
requirements ..................................... 41
How to print ....................................... 54
How to use the online manual ........... 64
I
Indicators on the operation panel ...... 53
Initial settings of operation panel ....... 13
Installing the software.................. 40, 43
Interface
- Parallel interface........................... 68
- USB interface ............................... 67
Interrupt copying................................ 55
Introduction.......................................... 4
L
Light and dark indicator ................. 6, 16
Light key ........................................ 6, 16
Loading paper ..................................... 7
Loading the paper tray ........................ 8 
						

							73
M
Maintenance indicator ............. 6, 31, 37
Making copies ................................... 12
MFP driver
- Print Status Window ..................... 40
- Printer driver ................................. 40
- Scanner driver .............................. 40
Misfeed indicator ..................... 6, 31, 32
Misfeed removal
- Fusing area .................................. 33
- Lower paper feed area ................. 35
- Paper feed area............................ 33
- RSPF/SPF .................................... 35
- Transport area .............................. 34
Multi-bypass tray ............................... 10
N
Name
- Operation panel .............................. 6
- Part names ..................................... 5
O
ONLINE indicator .......................... 6, 53
ONLINE key .................................. 6, 53
Online manual ................................... 64
Opening the printer driver .................. 54
Opening the scanner driver ............... 61
Operation panel ............................... 5, 6
Optional equipment ........................... 38
Original placement
- Original table ................................ 14
- RSPF/SPF .................................... 15
Original table ................................. 5, 14
Original to copy indicator ..................... 6
Original to copy key ....................... 6, 21
P
Paper ................................................... 7
Paper feed location indicator ............... 6
Paper output tray ................................. 5
Paper output tray extension .......... 5, 12
Paper tray ........................................ 5, 8
Parallel interface cable ................ 67, 68
Photo copying .................................... 16
Photoconductive drum............. 5, 33, 34
Power cord .......................................... 5
Power off ........................................... 14
Power on ........................................... 13
Power save indicator ..................... 6, 53Power switch ................................. 5, 13
Preheat mode .................................... 23
Printer driver ...................................... 40
Proper storage for supplies ................. 2
R
Reduction/enlargement/zoom ........... 18
RSPF/SPF ......................................... 15
RSPF/SPF indicator ...................... 6, 15
RSPF/SPF misfeed indicator......... 6, 35
S
Scanner driver ................................... 40
Scanner indicator .......................... 6, 53
SCANNER key .............................. 6, 60
Scanning from your computer ........... 61
Scanning with the Scanner and 
Camera Wizard ................................ 63
Sharpdesk ......................................... 40
Side cover ........................................... 5
Side cover open button ....................... 5
Software for the SHARP Personal 
MFP series ........................................ 40
Specifications .................................... 69
Start indicator ................................ 6, 53
Start key .................................. 6, 12, 24
Status indicators ................................ 31
Stream feeding mode ............ 15, 22, 23
System configuration ......................... 38
T
Toner cartridge .............................. 5, 25
Toner cartridge replacement ............. 25
Toner cartridge replacement required 
indicator ................................... 6, 25, 31
Transfer charger ............................ 5, 29
Tray select key .............................. 6, 19
Troubleshooting................................. 30
Troubleshooting the unit .................... 30
U
USB interface cable........................... 67
Using other installed drivers .............. 66
Using the manual ................................ 4
Using the printer mode ...................... 54
Using the scanner mode ................... 56
Using the SHARP TWAIN ................. 61 
						

							74
Z
ZOOM indicator ............................. 6, 18
ZOOM key ..................................... 6, 18
INDEX BY PURPOSE
Cleaning the unit
- Cabinet ......................................... 28 
- Original cover ............................... 28 
- Original table ................................ 28 
- RSPF/SPF .................................... 28 
- Transfer changer .......................... 29 
Connecting the interface cable
- Parallel interface cable ................. 68 
- USB interface cable...................... 67 
Copying ............................................. 12 
Displaying total number of copies...... 24 
Enlarging/reducing copies ................. 18 
Installing the software
- Acrobat ......................................... 65 
- Button Manager ............................ 40 
- MFP driver .................................... 40 
- Sharpdesk .................................... 40 
Loading paper
- Multi-bypass tray .......................... 10 
- Paper tray ....................................... 8 
Loading the original
- Original table ................................ 14 
- RSPF/SPF .................................... 15 
Opening the printer driver .................. 54 
Power off ........................................... 14 
Power on ........................................... 13 
Printing .............................................. 54 Removing paper jams
- Fusing area .................................. 33 
- Lower paper feed area ................. 35 
- Paper feed area............................ 33 
- RSPF/SPF .................................... 35 
- Transport area .............................. 34 
Replacing the toner cartridge ............ 25 
Scanning
- Button Manager ............................ 56 
- Scanner and Camera Wizard ....... 63 
- SHARP TWAIN ............................ 61 
Selecting the tray............................... 19 
Setting the copy quality
- AUTO ........................................... 17 
- MANUAL ...................................... 16 
- PHOTO......................................... 16 
Setting the copy quantity ................... 16 
Setting the toner save mode ............. 22 
Setting the user program ................... 23 
Setting up the Button Manager.......... 56 
Storing the supplies ............................. 2 
Using other installed drivers .............. 66 
Using the online manual .................... 64  
						

							75
SOFTWARE LICENSE
PLEASE READ THIS LICENSE CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THE SOFTWARE. BY
USING THE SOFTWARE, YOU ARE AGREEING TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF
THIS LICENSE. 
1. License.
The application, demonstration, system and other software accompanying this License, whether on disk, 
in read only memory, or on any other media (the Software) and related documentation are licensed to 
you by SHARP.  You own the disk on which the Software is recorded but SHARP and/or SHARPS 
Licensors retain title to the Software and related documentation. This License allows you to use the 
Software on one or more computers connected to a single printer and make one copy of the Software in 
machine-readable form for backup purposes only.  You must reproduce on such copy the SHARP 
copyright notice, the copyright notice of SHARP’S Licensors and any other proprietary legends of  
SHARP and/or its Licensors that were on the original copy of the Software. You may also transfer all 
your license rights in the software, the backup copy of the Software, the related documentation and a 
copy of this License to another party, provided the other party reads and agrees to the terms and 
conditions of this License.
2. Restrictions.The Software contains copyrighted material, trade secrets and other proprietary material which is owned 
by SHARP and/or its Licensors and in order to protect them you may not decompile, reverse engineer, 
disassemble or otherwise reduce the Software to a human-perceivable form. You may not modify, 
network, rent, lease, loan, distribute or create derivative works based upon the Software in whole or in 
part.  You may not electronically transmit the Software from one computer to another or over a network.
3. Termination.This license is effective until terminated.  You may terminate this License at any time by destroying the 
Software and related documentation and all copies thereof.  This License will terminate immediately 
without notice from SHARP and/or SHARP’S Licensors if you fail to comply with any provision of this 
License.  Upon termination you must destroy the Software and related documentation and all copies 
thereof.
4. Export Law Assurances.You agree and certify that neither the Software nor any other technical data received from SHARP, nor the 
direct product thereof, will be exported outside the United States except as authorized and as permitted by 
the laws and regulations of the United States. If the Software has been rightfully obtained by you outside 
of the United States, you agree that you will not re-export the Software nor any other technical data 
received from SHARP, nor the direct product thereof, except as permitted by the laws and regulations of 
the United States and the laws and the regulation of the jurisdiction in which you obtained the Software.
5. Government End Users.If you are acquiring the Software on behalf of any unit or agency of the United States Government, the 
following provisions apply.  The Government agrees:
(i) if the Software is supplied to the Department of Defense (DoD), the Software is classified as 
Commercial Computer Software and the Government is acquiring only restricted rights in the 
Software and its documentation as that term is defined in Clause 252.227-7013 (c)(1) of the 
DFARS; and 
(ii) if the Software is supplied to any unit or agency of the United States Government other than DoD, 
the Governments rights in the Software and its documentation will be as defined in Clause 52.227-
19 (c)(2) of the FAR or, in the case of NASA, in Clause 18-52.227-86 (d) of the NASA 
Supplement to the FAR.  
						

							76
6. Limited Warranty on Media.SHARP warrants the disks on which the Software is recorded to be free from defects in materials and 
workmanship under normal use for a period of ninety (90) days from the date of purchase as evidenced by 
a copy of the receipt.  The entire liability of SHARP and/or its Licensors and your exclusive remedy will 
be replacement of the disk which fails to meet the limited warranty provided by this Clause 6.  A disk will 
be replaced when it is returned to SHARP or a SHARP authorized representative with a copy of the 
receipt.  SHARP will have no responsibility to replace a disk damaged by accident, abuse or 
misapplication.
ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES ON THE DISKS, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE LIMITED IN 
DURATION TO NINETY (90) DAYS FROM THE DATE OF DELIVERY.  THIS WARRANTY GIVES 
YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS, AND YOU MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER RIGHTS WHICH VARY 
FROM JURISDICTION TO JURISDICTION. 
7. Disclaimer of Warranty on Software.You expressly acknowledge and agree that use of the Software is at your sole risk.  The software and 
related documentation are provided AS IS and without warranty of any kind and SHARP and SHARPS 
Licensor(s) (for the purpose of provisions 7 and 8, SHARP and SHARPS Licensor(s) shall be 
collectively referred to as SHARP) EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR 
IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  SHARP DOES NOT 
WARRANT THAT THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE SOFTWARE WILL MEET YOUR 
REQUIREMENTS, OR THAT THE OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE WILL BE 
UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR-FREE, OR THAT DEFECTS IN THE SOFTWARE WILL BE 
CORRECTED.  FURTHERMORE, SHARP DOES NOT WARRANT OR MAKE ANY 
REPRESENTATIONS REGARDING THE USE OR THE RESULTS OF THE USE OF THE 
SOFTWARE OR RELATED DOCUMENTATION IN TERMS OF THEIR CORRECTNESS, 
ACCURACY, RELIABILITY, OR OTHERWISE.  NO ORAL OR WRITTEN INFORMATION OR 
ADVICE GIVEN BY SHARP OR A SHARP AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE SHALL CREATE A 
WARRANTY OR IN ANY WAY INCREASE THE SCOPE OF THIS WARRANTY.  SHOULD THE 
SOFTWARE PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU (AND NOT SHARP OR A SHARP AUTHORIZED 
REPRESENTATIVE) ASSUME THE ENTIRE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR 
OR CORRECTION, SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED 
WARRANTIES, SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
8. Limitation of Liability.UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE, SHALL SHARP BE LIABLE FOR 
ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES THAT RESULT FROM THE 
USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE SOFTWARE OR RELATED DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF 
SHARP OR A SHARP AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE 
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.  SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE 
LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL 
DAMAGES SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
In no event shall SHARPS total liability to you for all damages, losses, and causes of action (whether in 
contract, tort (including negligence) or otherwise) exceed the amount paid by you for the Software.
9. Controlling Law and Severability.For a portion of the Software related with Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows, this license shall be 
governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the state of California and Washington, 
respectively.  If for any reason a court of competent jurisdiction finds any provision of this License, or 
portion thereof, to be unenforceable, that provision of the License shall be enforced to the maximum 
extent permissible so as to effect the intent of the parties, and the remainder of this License shall continue 
in full force and effect.
10. Complete Agreement.This License constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the use of the Software and 
related documentation, and supersedes all prior or contemporaneous understandings or agreements, written 
or oral, regarding such subject matter.  No amendment to or modification of this License will be binding 
unless in writing and signed by a duly authorized representative of SHARP. 
						

							 Date Issued:Nov. 1, 2000
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETMSDS No. F-01001
Section 1. Product Identification
Product:
AR-152NT/T/FT/ST (Black Toner)
Section 2. Supplier’s Name and Address
Sharp Corporation
22-22 Nagaike-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan
Local suppliers are listed below. Please contact the nearest supplier for additional information.
(Country) (Name and Telephone Number)
U.S.A. Sharp Electronics Corporation
Telephone number for information: 1-800-237-4277
Emergency telephone number: 1-800-255-3924
Canada Sharp Electronics of Canada Ltd.
Telephone number for information: 905-890-2100
Emergency telephone number: 1-800-255-3924
United Kingdom Sharp Electronics (U.K.) Ltd.
Telephone number for information: 01923-474013
Section 3. Ingredients
IngredientsCAS No.ProportionOSHA PELACGIH TLVOther Limits
Styrene-Acrylate  copolymer 29497-14-1 > 88 % Not listed Not listed None
Carbon black 1333-86-4 < 6.0% 3.5mg/m
33.5mg/m3None
Iron oxide 1309-38-2 < 4.5% Not listed Not listed None
Metal Complex dye 109125-51-1 < 1.5% 0.5mg/m
30.5mg/m3None
109125-50-0
84179-66-8
Section 4. Hazardous Identification (Emergency Overview)
Toner is a fine, black powder possessing no immediate hazard. There are no anticipated carcinogenic
effects from exposure based on animal tests performed using toner. When used as intended according
to instructions, studies do not indicate any symptoms of fibrosis will occur.
Section 5. Health Hazard Data
Route(s) of Entry:Inhalation?Skin?Ingestion?
Yes No Possible but very unusual.
Health Hazards:Acute oral toxicity ------------- LDLo of this toner is over 2,000mg/kg.
Mutagenicity -------------------- The result of Ames test is negative.
Carcinogenicity:In 1996 the IARC reevaluated carbon black as a Group 2B carcinogen (possible
human carcinogen). This classification is given to chemicals for which there is
inadequate human evidence, but sufficient animal evidence on which to base an
opinion of carcinogenicity. The classification is based upon the development of lung
tumors in rats receiving chronic inhalation exposures to free carbon black at levels
that induce particle overload of the lung. Studies performed in animal models other
than rats did not show any association between carbon black and lung tumors.
Moreover, a two-year cancer bioassay using a typical toner preparation containing
carbon black demonstrated no association between toner exposure and tumor
development in rats.
Chronic Effect:In a study in rats of chronic inhalation exposure to a typical toner, a mild to moderate
degree of lung fibrosis was observed in 92% of the rats in the high concentration
(16mg/m
3) exposure group, and a minimal to mild degree of fibrosis was noted in
22% of the animals in the middle (4mg/m3) exposure group, but no pulmonary change
was reported in the lowest (1mg/m3) exposure group, the most relevant level to
potential human exposures.
Signs and Symptoms of Exposure:Minimal irritation to respiratory tract may occur as with exposure
to any non-toxic dust.
Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure:None
Emergency and First Aid Procedures:
Inhalation; Remove to fresh air. If effects occur, consult medical personnel.
Eye; In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with water for 15 minutes.
{ 
						

							Section 6. Physical Chemical Characteristics
Boiling / Melting Point:Not applicableSpecific Gravity:1.1
Vapor Pressure:Not applicableSolubility in Water:Negligible
Vapor Density:Not applicablePH:Not applicable
Evaporation Rate:Not applicableViscosity:Not applicable
Appearance:Fine powderColor:Black
Odor:Odorless
Section 7. Fire and Explosion Data
Flash Point (Method Used):Not applicable
Ignition Temperature:>350¡C
Flammable Limits:(LEL); Not applicable (UEL); Not applicable
Extinguishing Media:CO
2, dry chemical, foam or water
Special Fire Fighting Procedure:None
Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazard:This material has no unusual fire or explosion hazards.
Sensitivity to Mechanical Impact:None
Sensitivity to Static Charge:None
Section 8. Reactivity Data
Stability:Stable
Incompatibility (Material to Avoid):None
Hazardous Decomposition:CO and NOx
Hazardous Polymerization:Will not occur.
Section 9. Precautions for Safe Handling and UsePersonal Protection Information (Respiratory, Eye Protection and Protective Glove):
Use of a dust mask is recommended when handling a large quantity of toner or
during long term exposure, as with any non-toxic dust.
Engineering Control / Ventilation:Not required.
Work / Hygienic Practice:Inhalation should be minimized as with any non-toxic
dust.
Steps to be taken in case of Spill or Leak:Sweep up or clean up with vacuum cleaner.
Waste Disposal Method:Waste material may be dumped or incinerated under
conditions which meet all federal, state and local
environmental regulations.
Section 10. Regulatory Information
NFPA Rating (U.S.A.):Health = 1 Flammability = 1 Reactivity = 0
WHMIS Legislation (Canada):This product is not a controlled product.
Transport Information:This product is not a hazardous material.
UN No.:None allocated.
Section 11. Other InformationReferences:IARC (1996) IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Humans, Vol. 65, Printing Process and Printing inks, Carbon Black and Some Nitro
Compounds, Lyon, pp-149-261
H. Muhle, B. Bellmann, O. Creutzenberg, C. Dasenbrock, H. Ernst, R. Kilpper, J. C.
MacKenzie, P. Morrow, U. Mohr, S. Takenaka, and R. Mermelstein (1991) Pulmonary
Response to Toner upon Chronic Inhalation Exposure in Rats.  Fundamental and Applied
Toxicology 17, pp. 280-299