Land Rover Defender Owners Handbook Aus Rover

							Starting & driving
44 STARTING - PETROL ENGINES
1.Check that the handbrake is applied and
that the gear lever is in neutral.
2.Switch off all unnecessary electrical
equipment.
3.If the engine is cold, pull out the cold start
control (if fitted) and turn it clockwise to
lock (see illustration).
4.Insert the starter key and turn the switch
to position II and then on to position III
to operate the starter motor. DO NOT
press the accelerator pedal during starting
and RELEASE THE KEY as soon as the
engine is running.
In temperate climates DO NOT operate the
starter for longer than 10 seconds. If the
engine fails to start, switch off and wait 10
seconds before re-using the starter. Please
note that prolonged use of the starter will not
only discharge the battery but may also
damage the starter motor.
In temperate climates, the battery charging
and oil pressure warning lights should
extinguish as soon as the engine is running.
In cold weather, or when the battery is in a
low state of charge, depress the clutch pedal
while starting and hold it down until the
engine is running.
Cold climates
In very cold climates, the battery charging and
oil pressure warning lights may take several
seconds to extinguish. Similarly, engine
cranking times will also increase; at -30°C the
starter motor may need to be operated
continuously for as long as 30 seconds before
the engine will start. For this reason, ensure
that all non-essential electrical equipment is
switched off.
Additionally, in very cold climates, use of a
cylinder block heater will improve the engines
starting characteristics. Your Land Rover
dealer can advise you about the supply and
use of a cylinder block heater.
Warming up
In the interests of fuel economy, it is advisable
to start driving straight away, remembering
that harsh acceleration or labouring the engine
before the normal operating temperature has
been reached can damage the engine.
NOTE:Remember to turn off the cold start
control once normal operating temperature is
reached. 
						

							Starting & driving
45
WARNING
Exhaust fumes contain poisonous
substances which can cause
unconsciousness and may even be fatal.
·DO NOT inhale exhaust gases.
·DO NOT start or leave the engine running
in an enclosed unventilated area, or
drive with the rear door open.
·DO NOT modify the exhaust system from
the original design.
·DO repair exhaust system or body leaks
immediately.
·If you think exhaust fumes are entering
the vehicle have the cause determined
and corrected immediately.
Parking
After bringing the vehicle to a stop, ALWAYS
apply the handbrake and select neutral in the
main gearbox before releasing the footbrake
and switching off the engine.
Switching off
Return the starter switch to position I and
then to position 0 to remove the key. 
						

							Starting & driving
46 RUNNING-IN (petrol & diesel models)
Proper running-in will have a direct bearing on
the reliability and smooth running of your
vehicle throughout its life.
In particular, the engine, gearbox, brakes and
tyres need time to bed-in and adjust to the
demands of everyday motoring. It is therefore
essential to drive with consideration for the
running-in process for at least the first 800
km (500 miles) and observe the following
advice:
·LIMIT maximum speed to 80 km/h (50
mph) for 4-cylinder engines and 95 km/h
(60 mph) for V8 engines. Initially, drive
the vehicle on a light throttle and only
increase engine speeds once the
running-in distance has been completed.
·DO NOT operate at full throttle or allow the
engine to labour in any gear.
·AVOID fast acceleration and heavy braking
except in emergencies.EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM
Land Rover vehicles are fitted with emission
and evaporative control equipment necessary
to meet a number of territorial requirements.
In many countries, it is against the law for
vehicle owners to modify or tamper with
emission control equipment, or to sanction
the unauthorised replacement or modification
of this equipment by a repair shop. In such
cases, the vehicle owner and the repairer may
both be liable for legal penalties.
It is important to remember that only Land
Rover dealers are properly equipped to
perform repairs and to maintain the emission
control system on your vehicle. 
						

							Starting & driving
47 FUEL ECONOMY
Fuel consumption is influenced by two major
factors:
·How your vehicle is maintained.
·How you drive your vehicle.
To obtain optimum fuel economy, it is
essential that your vehicle is maintained in
accordance with the manufacturers service
schedule.
Items such as ignition timing, the condition of
the air cleaner element, tyre pressures and
wheel alignment can have a significant effect
on fuel consumption. But above all, the way in
which you drive is most important. The
following hints may help you to obtain even
better value from your motoring:
·Avoid unnecessary, short, start-stop
journeys.
·Avoid fast starts by accelerating gently and
smoothly from rest.
·Do not drive in the lower gears longer than
necessary.
·Decelerate gently and avoid sudden and
heavy braking.
·Anticipate obstructions and adjust your
speed accordingly well in advance.
DRIVE GENTLY - SAVE FUEL! 
						

							Starting & driving
48 IMPORTANT DRIVING INFORMATION
Instruments & warning lights
Before driving, it is important to fully
understand the function of the instruments
and warning lights described in section 2.
NOTE:Red warning lights are of particular
importance, illumination indicates that a fault
exists. If a red light illuminates, always stop
the vehicle and seek qualified assistance
before continuing.
Vehicle stability
Your vehicle has a higher ground clearance
and, therefore, a higher centre of gravity than
ordinary passenger cars. This will result in
different handling characteristics.
Inexperienced drivers should take additional
care, particularly in off-road driving situations
and when performing abrupt manoeuvres at
inappropriate speeds or on unstable surfaces.
Vehicle height
The overall height of your vehicle exceeds that
of ordinary passenger cars. Always be aware
of the height of your vehicle and check the
available headroom before driving through
low entrances. This is particularly important if
the vehicle is fitted with a roof rack or if the
sunroof is open.Power assisted steering
Power assistance is progressively applied the
more the steering wheel is turned. For
example; where manual steering effort would
normally be greatest (at slow speeds on
maximum lock), power assistance is greatest.
Similarly, where only minimal steering effort
would normally be required (at high speed
with the wheels straight ahead), then power
assistance is also minimal, thus enabling the
driver to benefit from apparently consistent
steering effort at all times.
WARNING
Under no circumstances must the steering
wheel be held on full lock for more than
thirty seconds in one minute, otherwise the
steering assembly may be damaged.
NOTE:Power assistance is dependent on the
engine running. If the engine is not running,
greater effort will be required to steer the
vehicle. 
						

							Starting & driving
49 Tdi engines
If a radiator blind is fitted, it must not obscure
the intercooler section otherwise engine
performance would be adversely affected. If in
doubt, contact a Land Rover dealer.
Auxiliary equipment
WARNING
DO NOT use auxiliary equipment, such as
roller generators, that are driven by one
wheel of the vehicle, as they could cause
failure of the gearbox differential. If the
gearbox differential lock is engaged in an
attempt to avoid damage, the vehicle will
drive itself forward. 
						

							Catalytic converter
50
CATALYTIC CONVERTER- (if fitted)
The exhaust system on some models of the
Defender, incorporates a catalytic converter,
which converts poisonous exhaust emissions
from the engine into environmentally less
harmful gases, thereby reducing atmospheric
pollution.
WARNING
The catalytic converter can be easily
damaged through improper use, particularly
if the wrong fuel is used, or if an engine
misfire occurs. For this reason it is VERY
IMPORTANT that you heed the precautions
which follow:Fuel
·Use ONLY fuel recommended for your
vehicle.
Starting the engine
·DO NOT continue operating the starter if
the engine fails to start after a few
attempts (unburnt fuel may be drawn into
the exhaust system, thereby poisoning the
catalyst) - seek qualified assistance.
·When starting a COLD engine, DO NOT
drive if a misfire is suspected - seek
qualified assistance. 
						

							Catalytic converter
51 Driving
·Provided the engine has reached its
normal operating temperature, if a misfire
is suspected or the vehicle lacks power
while driving, it may be driven SLOWLY
(at risk of damaging the catalyst) to a
Land Rover dealer for assistance.
·NEVER allow the vehicle to run out of fuel
(the resultant misfire could destroy the
catalyst).
·Engines burning excessive oil (blue smoke
from the exhaust) will progressively
reduce catalyst efficiency.
·On rough terrain, DO NOT allow the
underside of the vehicle to be subjected to
heavy impacts which could damage the
catalytic converter.
·DO NOT overload or excessively rev the
engine.
WARNING
Exhaust system temperatures can be
extremely high - DO NOT park on ground
where combustible materials such as dry
grass or leaves could come into contact with
the exhaust system (in dry weather a fire
could result).Switching off
·DO NOT switch off the engine while a
forward or reverse gear is selected or
whilst the vehicle is in motion.
Vehicle maintenance
·Any engine misfire, loss of engine
performance or engine run-on, could
seriously damage the catalytic converter.
For this reason, it is vital that unqualified
persons do not tamper with the engine,
and that regular systematic maintenance is
carried out by a Land Rover dealer. 
						

							Fuel
52 PETROL ENGINES
USE ONLY RECOMMENDED FUEL
4 cylinder engines:
Use 90 RON minimum leaded or unleaded fuel
wherever possible.
V8 engines:
Use 91 - 93 leaded or unleaded fuel wherever
possible.
NOTE:For petrol engined vehicles fitted with
a catalytic converter, 95 RON minimum
unleaded fuel MUST be used - leaded fuel will
seriously damage the catalyst.
The RON value (octane rating) of petroleum
commonly available at garage forecourts will
vary in different countries. The RON value
quoted is the MINIMUM requirement and
whilst this can be safely exceeded, no
advantage in performance or fuel economy
will be gained by using a higher octane fuel.
If heavy engine knock is detected when using
the recommended octane rated fuel, or if
steady engine knocking is present while
maintaining a steady speed on level roads,
contact your dealer for advice.
NOTE:An occasional, light, engine knock
while accelerating or climbing hills is
acceptable.DIESEL ENGINES
The quality of diesel fuel (Derv) can vary in
different countries and only clean, good
quality fuel should be used. It is important
that the sulphur content of diesel fuel does
not exceed 1%; in Europe all supplies should
be within this limit, but in other parts of the
world, you should check with your supplier.
Ensure the fuel filter element is changed at the
recommended service intervals and clean the
sediment bowl regularly (see Owner
maintenance).
WARNING
On both petrol and diesel engine vehicles, if
the fuel tank is accidentally filled with the
wrong fuel, it is ESSENTIAL that you contact
your dealer BEFORE attempting to start the
engine! 
						

							Fuel
53 Fuel filling
WARNING
To avoid any sudden discharge of fuel
caused by excessive air pressure, the cap is
designed to allow the fuel tank to vent
during the first half turn. DO NOT fully
remove the cap until pressure has been
released.
Filling station pumps are equipped with
automatic cut-off sensing to avoid fuel
spillage - only fill the tank until the filler nozzle
automatically shuts off. DO NOT attempt to fill
the tank beyond this point or spillage could
result due to expansion of the fuel.
WARNING
DO NOT fully fill the tank if the vehicle is to
be parked on a slope in direct sunlight or
high ambient temperature - expansion of the
fuel could cause spillage.Empty fuel tank
DO NOT RUN THE FUEL TANK DRY!
In the case of vehicles equipped with a
catalytic converter, running the fuel tank dry
could create an engine misfire capable of
damaging the catalytic converter.
In the case of diesel models, qualified
assistance may be required to prime the fuel
system before the engine can be restarted.
SAFETY ON THE FORECOURT
Petroleum gases are highly inflammable
and in confined spaces are also explosive.
Always take sensible precautions when
refuelling:
·Switch off the engine.
·Do not smoke or use a naked flame
or light.
·Take care not to spill fuel.
·Do not overfill the tank.