GE Logiq 3 Instruction Manual

							Bioeffects
LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual 1-15
Direction 5122542-100 Rev. 2
Suggested Guiedlines(cont’d)
Methodology:
Doppler studies on the umbilical  arteries are carried out after 
manual palpation of the uterus  and fetus. In pregnancies before 
28 weeks, the fetus cannot be  easily felt hencethe probe is 
placed on the upper third of the ut erus at the midline. The probe 
is gently rotated until the umbilic al signal is heard and clearly 
identified on the screen. Ther e should be 3-4 clear dense 
waveforms will not be equ al in intensity or 
frequency;hence,measurements must be postponeduntil the 
fetus is quiet. If there is ta chycardia or bradycardia, the 
measurements have no clear meaning because now the 
waveform represents a complex  mixure of resistance, cardiac 
output, and time needed to empty a vascular region. The image 
is frozen and the measurement are taken.We have found it 
useful to continuouslyrecord the examination on audiotape 
because the signal is immediat ely captured and not lost when 
the fetus or cord moves.
This process is repeated at least twice more and the results from 
the three studies are averaged. Although the S/D ratio is ,in 
theory, an angle-independent measurement, there may be 
differences in the ratio when the artery is studied near the 
abdomen or near the insertion in thye placenta.When three 
different angle measurements are taken, we found an average 
experimental error of 6% and a maximum of 16%.the uterine 
artery signals may be more difficult to obtain and require more 
training to develop expertise. The probe is directed in the lower 
quadrants at the paracervical area where the uterine artery 
enters the uterus. Three potent ial signals may be encountered 
wave form is identi fied. The mature waveform is generally 
present by 20 weeks,but should be achived no later than 26 
weeks.The pulse wave frequency should coincide with the 
meternal pulse and 4 equla and dense images should be seen 
on each side of the uterus. The results from both sides are 
averaged to give a single number.the S/D ratio appears to 
provide a simple and reproducible measurement, but a number 
of other calculations have also been proposed.Interoserver error 
with this technique is 4% with a maximum error of 10%.
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							Acoustic Output
1-16LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual
Direction 5122542-100 Rev. 2
FDA Acoustic Output Data
Maximum Output Summary
The following tables list the typical maximum acoustic output 
levels achievable with LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 
for all probes and operational modes. It is intended that this is 
information be useful in making ALARA decisions and selecting 
the most appropriate probe for the application. In accordance 
with US FDA Guidelines, the ov erall maximum acoustic SPTA 
intensity for LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 is limited to 
720 mW/cm
2 and MI is limited to 1.9. Modes for which TI does 
not exceed 0.1 are indicated by 
						

							FDA Acoustic Output Data
LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual 1-17
Direction 5122542-100 Rev. 2
Maximum Probe Temperature
Table 1-3: Summary Table  (Continued)
Operating Mode12L3S7S
B-Mode XXX
M-Mode (including
B-Mode) XXX
Color Flow XXX
M Color Flow XXX
Pulsed Doppler 
(including
B-Mode) XXX
Continuous Wave (CW) 
Doppler XX
Table 1-4: Maximum Probe Temperature
Probe
Max 
Te m p
Probe
Max 
Te m p
Probe
Max 
Te m p
Probe
Max 
Te m p
3C 29.64 E8C 28.11 3S 25.59
3.5C 30.70 8L 37.95 7S 26.20
5C 26.50 10L 40.89
8C 41.17 10LB 28.64
BE9C 40.97 12L 39.90
Notes: 
Lens temperature measured under foll owing conditions per IEC 60601-2-37:
1. Thermocouple was placed at the geometric center of the lens.
2. Probe placed upright in contac t with above thermal phantom.
3. Autofreeze capability disabled.
4. Lens temperature monitored for 30 min.
5. Measurement uncertainty: 2 degC.
*Thermal phantom made with tissue-mimicking mate rial as referenced in IEC60601-2-37: Appendix J.
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							Acoustic Output
1-18LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual
Direction 5122542-100 Rev. 2
Acoustic Output
Ta b l e  K e y
Table 1-5:  Table Key
FDAIECMeaning—IEC 60601-2-37 / FDA & NEMA UD2, UD3
aαAcoustic Attenuation Coefficient  / Derating factor (usually 0.3 dB/cm-MHz)
A
aprtAarpt-12db Output Beam Area  / Active aperture area
C
MINormalizing Coefficient
D
eqDeqEquivalent Aperture Diameter  / (same)
d
-6d-6Pulse Beam Width  / Beam diameter at –6 dB
d
eqdeqEquivalent Beam Diameter
f
cƒawfAcoustic Working Frequency  / Center frequency
I
paIpaPulse-Average Intensity
I
pa.3Ipa, αAttenuated Pulse-Average Intensity
PII I
piPulse-Intensity Integral
PII
.3Ipi, αAttenuated Pulse-Intensity Integral
I
TAIta( z ) Temporal-Average Intensity
I
TA . 3(Z) Ita,α(z ) Attenuated Temporal-Average Intensity  / (at depth z)
I
SPTA(Z) Izpta(z ) Spatial-Peak Temporal-Average Intensity
I
SPTA.3(Z) Izpta,α(z ) Attenuated Spatial-Peak Temporal-Average Intensity
MI MIMechanical Index
W
oP Output Power / Time average acoustic power at the source
W
.3(Z) PαAttenuated Output Power  / Time average acoustic power derated to depth z
W
o1P1Bounded Output Power / Power emitted from the central 1cm of aperture
PII p
iPulse Pressure Squared Integral / Pulse intensity integral
p
rprPeak-Rarefactional Acoustic Pressure  / (same)
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							Acoustic Output
LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual 1-19
Direction 5122542-100 Rev. 2
pr.3pr αAttenuated Peak-Rarefactional Acoustic Pressure  / (same)
PRF prrPulse Repetition Rate  / Pulse repetition frequency
TI TIThermal Index / (same)
TIB TIBBone Thermal Index  / (same)
TIC TICCranial-Bone Thermal Index  / (same)
TIS TISSoft-Tissue Thermal Index  / (same)
PD t
dPulse Duration / (same)
x
-12,y-12X, Y -12 dB Output Beam Dimensions / (same)
Z ZDistance from the Source to a Specified Point  / (same)
Z
spZbDepth for TIB  / Depth at which the relevant index is maximum
Z
bpZbpBreak-Point Depth  / (same)
Z
spZsDepth for TIS  / Depth at which the relevant index is maximum
Table 1-5:  Table Key
FDAIECMeaning—IEC 60601-2-37 / FDA & NEMA UD2, UD3
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							Acoustic Output
1-20LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual
Direction 5122542-100 Rev. 2
Probe Name:3C
Table 1-6:  Transducer Mode 3C Operating Mode: B Mode
Index LabelMI
TISTIB
TIC
scannon-scannon-
scan
Aaprt1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.9
IECFDAUnits
pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.5
PWo (mW)
min of [Pα(zs, Ita, α(zs)] [(W.3(Z1),ITA . 3(z1)])
zs z1(cm)
zbp zbp(cm)
zb zsp(cm) 1.1
z  at max. I pi,α zsp(cm)
deq(zb) deq(zsp) (cm)
ƒawffc(MHz) 3.4 3.43.4
Dim of A
aprtX(cm)3.63.6
Y(cm)
1.031.03
t
dPD (µsec) 0.4
prr PRF (Hz) 2245.7
pr at max. Ipi   pr@PIImax (MPa) 1.7
deq at max. Ipi deq@PIImax (cm)
Focal Length FLX(cm)0.220.22
FL
Y(cm)0.90.9
I
pa, αat max. MI IPA . 3@MImax 
(W/cm2) 62.62
Frequency (MHz)
3.0 3.03.0
Image Depth (cm) 30.0 20.0
20.0
Other Conditions
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							Acoustic Output
LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual 1-21
Direction 5122542-100 Rev. 2 Table 1-7:  Transducer Mode 3C
 Operating Mode: M Mode (Inc. B-Mode)
Index LabelMI
TISTIB
TIC
scannon-scannon-
scan
Aaprt1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.850.7 0.3
IECFDAUnits
pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.51
PWo (mW)31.0 21.0
min of [P
α( zs, Ita, α(zs)] [(W.3(Z1),ITA . 3(z1)])
zs z1(cm)
zbp zbp(cm)
zb zsp(cm) 1.43.1
z  at max. I pi,α zsp(cm)
deq(zb) deq(zsp) (cm)0.3
ƒawffc(MHz) 3.4 3.43.4 3.4
Dim of A
aprtX(cm)3.61.4 3.6
Y(cm)
1.031.03 1.03
t
dPD (µsec) 0.38
prr PRF (Hz) 2245.7
pr at max. Ipi   pr@PIImax (MPa) 1.8
deq at max. Ipi deq@PIImax (cm)0.3
Focal Length FLX(cm)1.70.17
FL
Y(cm)0.890.89
I
pa, αat max. MI IPA . 3@MImax 
(W/cm2) 80
Frequency (MHz)
3.0 3.03.0 3.0
Image Depth (cm) 30.0 20.0
24.0 20.0
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							Acoustic Output
1-22LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual
Direction 5122542-100 Rev. 2
Table 1-8:  Transducer Mode 3C Operating Mode: Color Flow Mode (Inc. M-Mode)
Index LabelMI
TISTIB
TIC
scannon-scannon-
scan
Aaprt1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.84 3.22.9 4.6
IECFDAUnits
pra pr. 3 (MPa) 1.55
PWo (mW)270.1179.7 270.1
min of [P
α( zs, Ita, α(zs)] [(W.3(Z1),ITA . 3(z1)])
zs z1(cm)
zbp zbp(cm)
zb zsp(cm) 3.963.3
z  at max. I pi,α zsp(cm)
deq(zb) deq(zsp) (cm)0.4
ƒawffc(MHz) 2.5 3.253.2 2.5
Dim of A
aprtX(cm)3.61.4 3.6
Y(cm)
1.031.03 1.03
t
dPD (µsec) 0.84
prr PRF (Hz) 1698.7
pr at max. Ipi   pr@PIImax (MPa) 2.36
deq at max. Ipi deq@PIImax (cm)0.4
Focal Length FLX(cm)0.170.17
FL
Y(cm)0.890.89
I
pa, αat max. MI IPA . 3@MImax 
(W/cm2) 207.8
Frequency (MHz)
3.3 2.53.3 2.5
Image Depth (cm) 3.5 4.8
3.5 3.5
Vel Scale (kHz) 1.9 2.45
1.07 1.07
Line Density
Penet OFF ON
OFF OFF
ROI 60 10
PS 14 1414 14
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							Acoustic Output
LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual 1-23
Direction 5122542-100 Rev. 2 Table 1-9:  Transducer Mode: 
3C Operating Mode: Pulsed Doppler (inc. B-Mode)
Index LabelMI
TISTIB
TIC
scannon-scannon-
scan
Aaprt1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.7 0.50.9 0.6
IECFDAUnits
pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.0
PWo (mW)42.679.7 42.6
min of [P
α( zs, Ita, α(zs)] [(W.3(Z1),ITA . 3(z1)])
zs z1(cm)
zbp zbp(cm)
zb zsp(cm) 5.087.7
z  at max. I pi,α zsp(cm)
deq(zb) deq(zsp) (cm)1.0
ƒawffc(MHz) 3.3 3.33.5 3.3
Dim of A
aprtX(cm)3.63.5 3.6
Y(cm)
1.031.03 1.03
t
dPD (µsec) 1.13
prr PRF (Hz) 1736.1
1
pr at max. Ipi   pr@PIImax (MPa) 1.75
deq at max. Ipi deq@PIImax (cm)1.0
Focal Length FLX(cm)0.170.17
FL
Y(cm)0.890.89
I
pa, αat max. MI IPA . 3@MImax 
(W/cm2) 93.5
Frequency (MHz)
3.3 3.33.3 3.3
Image Depth (cm) 3.2 21.0
7.7 7.7
Vel Scale (kHz) 1.7
5.84 5.84
SV 2
5.84 5.84
B Pause (on/off)
Penet OFF-OFF OFF
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							Acoustic Output
1-24LOGIQ 3 Expert/LOGIQ 3 Pro/LOGIQ 3 Advanced Reference Manual
Direction 5122542-100 Rev. 2
Probe Name:3.5C
Table 1-10:  Transducer Mode __3.5C____ Operating Mode: B Mode
Index LabelMI
TISTIB
TIC
scannon-scannon-
scan
Aaprt1
Global Maximum: Index Value 0.52.1
IECFDAUnits
pra pr.3 (MPa) 1.54
PWo (mW)147.0
min of [P
α( zs, Ita, α(zs)] [(W.3(Z1),ITA . 3(z1)])
zs z1(cm)
zbp zbp(cm)
zb zsp(cm) 1.0
z  at max. I pi,α zsp(cm)
deq(zb) deq(zsp) (cm)
ƒawffc(MHz) 3.042.8
Dim of A
aprtX(cm)1.8
Y(cm)
1.3
t
dPD (µsec) 0.41
prr PRF (Hz) 2240.6
5
pr at max. Ipi   pr@PIImax (MPa) 31.71
deq at max. Ipi deq@PIImax (cm)
Focal Length FLX(cm)6.4
FL
Y(cm)6.6
I
pa, αat max. MI IPA . 3@MImax 
(W/cm2) 70.55
Frequency (MHz)
3.33.3
Image Depth (cm) 30.0
21.0
other conditions
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