Steinberg Nuendo 3 Working With MIDI Manual
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NUENDO MIDI processing and quantizing 2 – 71 Fixed Lengths This function is only available from within the MIDI editors. This function resizes all selected notes to the length set with the Length Quantize pop-up menu on the MIDI editor toolbar. Delete Doubles This function removes double notes, i.e. notes of the same pitch on the exact same position. Double notes can occur when recording in Cycle mode, after Quantizing, etc. This function always affects whole MIDI parts. Delete Controllers This function removes all MIDI controllers from the selected MIDI parts. This function always affects whole MIDI parts. Delete Continuous Controllers This function removes all “continuous” MIDI controller events from the selected MIDI parts. That is, “on/off” events such as sustain pedal events are not removed. This function always affects whole MIDI parts.
NUENDO 2 – 72 MIDI processing and quantizing Delete Notes Allows you to delete very short or weak notes. This is useful for auto- matically removing unwanted “ghost notes” after recording. Selecting “Delete Notes...” opens a dialog in which you set up the criteria for the function: The parameters have the following functionality: Minimum Length When the Minimum Length checkbox is activated, the note length is taken into account, allowing you to remove short notes. You can either specify the minimum length (for notes to be kept) in the value display or by dragging the blue line in the graphical length display below. •The graphical length display can correspond to 1/4 bar, one bar, two bars or four bars. You change this setting by clicking in the field to the right of the display. In this case, the whole length display corresponds to one bar, and the Minimum Length is set to 1/32nd notes (60 ticks).
NUENDO MIDI processing and quantizing 2 – 73 Minimum Velocity When the Minimum Velocity checkbox is activated, the velocity of notes is taken into account, allowing you to remove weak notes. You specify the minimum velocity (for notes to be kept) in the value display. Remove when under This setting is only available when both Minimum Length and Minimum Velocity is activated. By clicking the value display, you select whether both length and velocity criteria must be met for notes to be deleted, or whether one of the criteria will suffice. OK and Cancel Clicking OK performs the automatic delete according to the rules set up. Clicking Cancel closes the dialog without deleting notes. Restrict Polyphony Selecting this item opens a dialog in which you can specify how many “voices” should be used (for the selected notes or parts). Restricting the polyphony this way is useful when you have an instrument with limited polyphony and want to make sure all notes will be played. The effect is achieved by shortening notes as required, so that they end before the next note starts. Pedals to Note Length This function scans for Sustain pedal on/off events, lengthens the af- fected notes to match the Sustain pedal off position, and then re- moves the Sustain Controller on/off events. Delete Overlaps (mono) This function allows you to make sure that no two notes of the same pitch overlap (i.e. that one starts before the other ends). Overlapping notes of the same pitch can confuse some MIDI instruments (a new Note On is transmitted before the Note Off is transmitted). This com- mand can then be used to automatically rectify the problem.
NUENDO 2 – 74 MIDI processing and quantizing Delete Overlaps (poly) This function shortens notes when required, so that no note begins before another ends. This happens regardless of which pitch the notes have. Velocity This function opens a dialog that allows you to manipulate the velocity of notes in various ways. To apply the function, select one of the three processing types from the Type pop-up, adjust the settings and click OK (to close the dialog without applying, click Cancel). The following types of velocity processing are available: Add/Subtract This simply adds a fixed number to the existing velocity values. You set the value (positive or negative) with the Amount parameter. Compress/Expand Compresses or expands the “dynamic range” of MIDI notes by scaling the velocity values according to the Ratio setting (0 – 300%). The prin- ciple behind this is that multiplying different velocity values with a fac- tor higher than 1 (over 100%) will also make the differences between velocity values greater, while using a factor lower than 1 (under 100%) will make the differences smaller. In short:
NUENDO MIDI processing and quantizing 2 – 75 •To compress (“even out” velocity differences), use ratio values below 100%. After compression, you would probably want to add a velocity amount (with the Add/ Subtract function) to maintain the average velocity level. •To expand (create greater difference in velocity), use ratio values above 100%. Before you expand, you may want to adjust the velocity with the Add/Subtract function, so that the average velocity is somewhere in the middle of the range. If the average ve- locity is high (near 127) or low (near 0), expansion will not work properly, simply be- cause velocity values can only be between 0 and 127! Limit This function allows you to make sure that no velocity values fall out- side a given range (the Lower and Upper values). Any velocity values outside this range are raised/lowered to exactly the Lower/Upper val- ues. Fixed Velocity This function sets the velocity of all selected notes to the Insert Veloc- ity value on the toolbar in the MIDI editors. Thin Out Data Thins out MIDI data. Use this to ease the load on MIDI devices if you have recorded very dense controller curves etc. Reverse This function inverts the order of the selected events (or of all events in the selected parts), causing the MIDI music to play backwards. Note though, that the effect is different from reversing an audio recording. With MIDI, the individual notes will still play as usual in the MIDI instru- ment – it’s only the order of playback that is changed.
NUENDO 2 – 76 MIDI processing and quantizing Dissolve Part The Dissolve Part function on the MIDI menu has two separate uses: •When you work with MIDI parts (on MIDI channel “Any”) containing events on different MIDI channels. Dissolve Part separates the events according to MIDI channel. •When you want to separate MIDI events according to pitch. A typical example would be drum and percussion tracks, where each pitch usually cor- responds to a separate drum sound. Dissolving parts into separate channels Setting a track to MIDI channel “Any” will cause each MIDI event to play back on its original MIDI channel, rather than a channel set for the whole track. There are two main situations when “Any” channel tracks are useful: •When you record several MIDI channels at the same time. You may for example have a MIDI keyboard with several keyboard zones, where each zone sends MIDI on a separate channel. Recording on an “Any” channel track allows you to play back the recording with different sounds for each zone (since the different MIDI notes play back on separate MIDI channels). •When you have imported a MIDI file of Type 0. MIDI files of Type 0 contain only one track, with notes on up to 16 different MIDI chan- nels. If you were to set this track to a specific MIDI channel, all notes in the MIDI file would be played back with the same sound; setting the track to “Any” will cause the imported file to play back as intended. The Dissolve Part function scans MIDI parts for events on different MIDI channels and distributes the events into new parts on new tracks, one for each MIDI channel found. This allows you to work with each musical part individually. Proceed as follows: 1.Select the part(s) containing MIDI data on different channels. 2.Select “Dissolve Part” from the MIDI menu. 3.In the dialog that appears, select the “Separate Channels” option.
NUENDO MIDI processing and quantizing 2 – 77 Now, for each MIDI channel used in the selected part(s), a new MIDI track is created and set to the corresponding MIDI channel. Each event is then copied into the part on the track with the corresponding MIDI channel. Finally, the original part(s) are muted. An example: Dissolving parts into separate pitches The Dissolve Part function can also scan MIDI parts for events of dif- ferent pitch, and distribute the events into new parts on new tracks, one for each pitch. This is useful when the different pitches are not used in a regular melodic context, but rather for separating different sounds (e.g. MIDI drum tracks or sampler sound FX tracks). By dis- solving such parts, you can work with each sound individually, on a separate track. Proceed as follows: 1.Select the part(s) containing MIDI data. 2.Select “Dissolve Part” from the MIDI menu. 3.In the dialog that appears, select the “Separate Pitches” option. A new MIDI track is created for each used pitch in the selected part(s). The events are then copied into the parts on the track for the corresponding pitch. Finally, the original part(s) are muted. This part contains events on MIDI channel 1, 2 and 3. Selecting “Dissolve Part” creates new parts on new tracks, set to channel 1, 2 and 3. Each new part con- tains only the events on the respective MIDI channel. The original MIDI part is muted.
NUENDO 3 – 80 The MIDI editors About editing MIDI There are several ways to edit MIDI in Nuendo. You can use the tools and functions in the Project window for large-scale editing, or use the functions on the MIDI menu to process MIDI parts in various ways (see page 58). For hands-on graphical editing of the contents of MIDI parts, you use the MIDI editors: • The Key Editor is the default MIDI editor, presenting notes graphically in an intuitive piano roll-style grid. The Key Editor also allows for detailed editing of non-note events such as MIDI con- trollers. • The Edit In-Place function allows you to edit MIDI parts directly in the Project window. This is much like working in the Key Editor, but makes it easier to edit MIDI in context with other track types. See page 115. • The Drum Editor is similar to the Key Editor, but takes advantage of the fact that with drum parts, each key corresponds to a separate drum sound. This is the editor to use when you’re editing drum or percussion parts. • The List Editor shows all events in the selected MIDI parts as a list, al- lowing you to view and edit their properties numerically. • The Score Editor shows MIDI notes as a musical score and comes with advanced tools and functions for notation, layout and printing. The Score Editor is described in the separate document “Score Layout and Printing”. However, even if your focus is on creating printed scores we recommend that you study this chapter as well, to get a grip on the common MIDI editing procedures. • Finally, you can also edit MIDI in the Project Browser. Like the List Editor, this shows the events in a list and allows you to perform numerical editing. However, you will probably find the List Editor more suited for MIDI editing, since it has various dedicated features and functions for this. The Project Browser is described in the Operation Manual .