Land Rover Lesson 2 Auto Trans Coolingine Rover Manual

							when a range change is selected then the request is
denied and the instrument cluster message centre (if
fitted) will display a SLOW DOWN message.
RANGE CHANGE PROCEDURE
(MANUAL VEHICLES ONLY)
Neutral must be selected on the main transmission
before requesting a range change and then select the
appropriate gear following completion of the range
change. During the range change the driver must not
attempt to move the main transmission out of neutral.
If the lever is moved out of neutral then the range change
will stop and will be completed only when the driver
re-selects neutral on the main transmission. This must
be done to prevent damage to the transfer box
mechanism.
The speed limit for shift-on-the-move for the manual
vehicle is set lower than for the auto, at around 12 mph
(20 km/h) for high to low and 37 mph (60 km/h) for low
to high. The lower limits are set so that, if the driver
tries to select too lower gear following a range change,
no damage is caused to the vehicle.
Four-Wheel Drive SystemsLesson 2 – Powertrain
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							TRANSFER BOX CONTROL DIAGRAM
NOTE: A = Hardwired; D = CAN bus
Diagnostic socket1
Instrument cluster2
Terrain response™3
High/Low range selection switch4
High/Low range LED5
Transmission Control Module (TCM)6
Engine Control Module (ECM)7
Transfer box motor8
Temperature sensor9
Hall sensors (speed and direction)10
Manual transmission gear position sensor11
Output shaft speed sensor12
(G421181) Technical Training342
Lesson 2 – PowertrainFour-Wheel Drive Systems 
						

							Fuse 24 ignition feed13
Fusible link permanent battery feed14
Ignition switch15
Solenoid16
Transfer box control module17
High/low position sensor18
Four-Wheel Drive SystemsLesson 2 – Powertrain
343Technical Training (G421181) 
						

							Component Locations
Throttle body1
Intake manifold2
Fuel rail3
Fuel jump hose4
Fuel injectors (6 of)5
GENERAL
The major components of the fuel charging and control
system comprise an intake manifold, a fuel pump, a fuel
rail and six injectors. The fuel pump supplies fuel from
the tank at a constant pressure, via a pipe routed along
the underside of the vehicle, to the fuel rail. The fuel
rail distributes the fuel equally to each of the six
injectors.
INTAKE MANIFOLD
The intake manifold is located on top of the engine. The
manifold is manufactured from a composite material
with metal insert fixings. The manifold comprises a
central chamber with six tracts leading to the inlet ports
on the engine.
FUEL PUMP
The submersible electric pump fuel pump and the fuel
pressure regulator are a located in the fuel tank. A pump
module flange on top of the fuel tank allows access to
the fuel pump for removal and installation.
The fuel pump, when running, outputs fuel at a constant
pressure to the fuel rail. The pressure regulator controls
the pressure. Excess fuel from the pressure regulator is
directed to the front jet pump. The controlled pressure
provides more fuel to the fuel rail than the maximum
requirement of the engine; therefore a constant pressure
is maintained in the rail under all operating conditions.
The fuel pump is controlled by the ECM via a fuel pump
relay, which is located in the Battery Junction Box
(BJB).
When the ignition is switched to position II, the ECM
provides an earth path for the coil of the fuel pump relay
on pin 95 of ECM connector C0634. The relay is
energised for a short period to pressurise the fuel system.
When the ECM senses that the engine is being cranked
by receipt of a valid signal from the Crankshaft Position
(CKP) sensor, the ECM energises the fuel pump relay
for as long as the engine is running.
THROTTLE BODY
The throttle body is located centrally at the front of the
intake manifold. The engine torque is controlled by the
electronic throttle body. An electronic pedal assembly
determines throttle opening. The signal from the pedal
assembly is sent to the EMS and the throttle is opened
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							to the correct angle by means of an electric motor
integrated into the throttle body. Sensors in the throttle
body are used to determine the position of the throttle
plate and the rate of change in its angle.
FUEL RAIL
Fuel pressure regulator1
RH fuel rail2
Fuel jump hose3
Fuel supply pipe4
LH fuel rail5
Injector seat inserts6
Schraeder valve7
Injectors (6 of)8
Each fuel rail maintains a constant fuel pressure of
4.5bar (65 psi) and is attached to each cylinder head
with two bolts. Three fuel injectors are installed in each
cylinder head and connected to the fuel rail. O ring
seals are used to seal the injectors in both the fuel rails
and cylinder heads. A quick release coupling connects
the feed pipe from the fuel tank to the fuel rail via the
fuel jump hose.
A flange with two threaded holes on the rear of the LH
and RH fuel rails provide attachment for the fuel supply
pipe. The fuel supply pipe has two metal-flanged ends,
which locate on the fuel rail. A seal prevents leakage
and each flange is secured with two bolts.
A fuel pressure regulator is attached to the front end of
the RH fuel rail and a Schraeder valve is installed in the
front end of the LH fuel rail to provide a pressure test
connection for maintenance.
Fuel Charging and ControlsLesson 2 – Powertrain
141Technical Training (G421106) 
						

							FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR
The fuel pressure regulator is attached to the RH front
end of the fuel rail. The regulator acts as a damper to
damp pulses from the pump and ensure that the fuel
pressure in the rail and to the injectors is constant. The
regulator is connected by a pipe to the inlet manifold
from which it receives a vacuum to aid the damping
process.
INJECTORS
Six injectors are held between the fuel rails and each
cylinder head. The injectors are sealed to the fuel rail
and cylinder head by O ring seals, which should be
renewed whenever an injector is refitted to an engine.
A small amount of engine oil can be applied to the O
rings to aid installation. No other form of lubrication
should be used. Each injector sits on an insert that also
needs to be renewed each time an injector is replaced.
Each injector contains a solenoid-operated needle valve,
which is closed while the solenoid winding is
de-energised. The solenoid winding is connected to a
power feed from the main relay and to an earth through
the ECM. The ECM switches the earth to control the
opening and closing of the needle valve. While the
needle valve is open, fuel is sprayed into the cylinder
inlet tract onto the back of the inlet valves. The ECM
meters the amount of fuel injected by adjusting the time
that the needle valve is open.
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							Component Location
Electronic throttle body1
Induction elbow2
Fuel supply cross over pipe3
Intake manifold4
RH fuel rail5
Fuel jump hose6
Injector housing7
Injectors (8 of)8
LH fuel rail9
Fuel Charging and ControlsLesson 2 – Powertrain
143Technical Training (G421107) 
						

							GENERAL
The major components of the fuel charging and control
system comprise an intake manifold, a fuel pump, a fuel
rail and eight injectors. The fuel pump supplies fuel
from the tank at a constant pressure, via a pipe routed
along the side of the transmission, to the fuel rail. The
fuel rail distributes the fuel equally to each of the eight
injectors. The fuel injectors, which are controlled by
the Engine Control Module (ECM), are installed in the
fuel rails on each side of the intake manifold. A cross
over pipe connects the two fuel rails together at the front
of the manifold. A Schraeder valve provides a pressure
test connection for maintenance.
INTAKE MANIFOLD
The intake manifold is located on top of the engine
between the two cylinder banks and is manufactured
from a composite material. The manifold comprises a
central chamber with eight tracts leading to the inlet
ports on the engine. The air intake manifold is secured
to the cylinder heads via 10 bolts.
Rubber gaskets, located in channels in the intake
manifold, seal the joints between the ducts and the
cylinder heads.
FUEL PUMP
The submersible electric fuel pump is attached to a
carrier and is located at the bottom of the swirl pot inside
the fuel tank. The fuel pressure regulator, which controls
the fuel pressure in the feed pipe to fuel rail, is located
in the fuel manifold in the fuel tank.
THROTTLE BODY
The electronic throttle body controls the engine torque
and is located on the air intake manifold. Its main
components are, an electronic throttle control valve,
Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) sensor and the ECM.
The APP sensor determines the driver demand to control
throttle opening. This value is received by the EMS and
the throttle is then opened to the correct angle by means
of an integral electric motor. Sensors in the throttle body
are used to determine the position of the throttle plate
and the rate of change in its angle.
Induction Elbow
The induction elbow provides the interface between the
electronic throttle body and the intake manifold.
Connections on the induction elbow provide vacuum
take offs for various vehicle systems. A boss on the rear
of the elbow accommodates the Exhaust Gas
Recirculation (EGR) valve.
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							FUEL RAIL
RH fuel rail1
Fuel supply cross over pipe2
Fuel temperature sensor3
Fuel jump hose4
Cooper fitting5
Fuel pressure accumulators6
LH fuel rail7
Injectors (8 of)8
Each fuel rail maintains a constant fuel pressure of
4.5bar (65 psi). Four fuel injectors are installed in each
injector housing and are connected to the fuel rail. O
ring seals are used to seal the injectors in the fuel rails
and inlet manifold. A Cooper style fitting is used to
connect the fuel jump hose to the LH fuel rail.
A fuel pressure accumulator is attached to each of the
fuel rails and a Schraeder valve is installed in the front
end of the LH fuel rail to provide a pressure test
connection for maintenance.
FUEL PRESSURE ACCUMULATOR
A fuel pressure accumulator is attached centrally to each
of the fuel rails. The accumulators act as a damper to
damp pulses from the pump and ensure that the fuel
pressure in the rail and to the injectors is constant.
FUEL TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The fuel temperature sensor is located in the rear of the
RH fuel rail. The sensor is an NTC sensor, which is
connected to the ECM by two wires.
Fuel Charging and ControlsLesson 2 – Powertrain
145Technical Training (G421107) 
						

							INJECTORS
Eight, top fed, eight hole, fuel injectors are installed in
the fuel rails. Two O rings seal each injector to the
manifold interface and should be renewed whenever an
injector is refitted to an engine. A small amount of
engine oil can be applied to the O rings to aid
installation. No other form of lubrication should be used.
The fuel jets from the injectors are directed onto the
back of the intake valves.
The injectors are electromagnetic solenoid valves
controlled by the ECM. Each injector contains a
solenoid-operated needle valve, which is closed while
the solenoid winding is de-energised. The solenoid
winding is connected to a power feed from the main
relay and to an earth through the ECM. The ECM
switches the earth to control the opening and closing of
the needle valve. While the needle valve is open, fuel
is sprayed into the cylinder intake tract onto the back
of the intake valves. The ECM meters the amount of
fuel injected by adjusting the time that the needle valve
is open.
(G421107) Technical Training146
Lesson 2 – PowertrainFuel Charging and Controls