Land Rover Lesson 2 Auto Trans Coolingine Rover Manual
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Cylinder Head Gasket LH cylinder head gasket1RH cylinder head gasket2 The multi-layered steel cylinder head gasket has cylinder specific water flow cross-sections for uniform coolant flow. (G421093) Technical Training42 Lesson 2 – PowertrainEngine
Fuel InjectorsFuel rail1 Injector2 Adapter3 The fuel injectors are installed in each of the two fuel rails, one per cylinder head. The injectors are electromagnetic solenoid valves controlled by the ECM. Each injector nozzle locates in the cylinder head via an injector insert adapter. An O ring seals each injector to the fuel rail. The fuel jets from the injectors are directed onto the back of the intake valves. EngineLesson 2 – Powertrain 43Technical Training (G421093)
Camshaft Cover Crankcase ventilation valve1 RH camshaft cover2 LH camshaft cover3 Oil filler cap4 Camshaft Position (CMP) sensor5 Electrically heated positive crankcase ventilation valve 6 The camshaft covers are manufactured from thermo-plastic. The LH cover incorporates a hole, located directly above the camshaft reluctor, for the camshaft position sensor. The LH cover also incorporates the engine oil filler aperture. (G421093) Technical Training44 Lesson 2 – PowertrainEngine
Camshaft Position (CMP) SensorCMP sensor1 The CMP sensor is installed at the front of the LH camshaft cover. It is a variable reluctance sensor that provides an input to the ECM regarding the position of the camshaft. The reluctor for the camshaft position sensor is located at the front of the LH camshaft. A flat, machined surface near the front of each camshaft, enables the camshafts to be locked during the valve timing procedure. EngineLesson 2 – Powertrain 45Technical Training (G421093)
LUBRICATION SYSTEM NOTE: Variant with oil cooler shown. The lubrication system is of the full-flow filtration, force-fed type. Oil is drawn, via a strainer and pick-up pipe in the sump into the jackshaft driven oil pump which has an integral pressure relief valve. The strainer in the pick-up pipe prevents any ingress of foreign particles from passing through to the inlet side of the oil pump and damaging the oil pump and restricting oil drillings. The oil pressure relief valve in the oil pump opens if the oil pressure becomes excessive and diverts oil back around the pump. Pressurised oil is pumped through the oil filter, mounted on the oil pump housing. The lubrication system is designed so that a higher proportion of oil flow is directed to the cylinder block main oil gallery while a lower proportion of oil flow, (controlled by a restrictor in the oil filter housing), is directed to the engine oil cooler (if fitted). The remainder of the oil flow from the outlet side of the oil filter is combined with the return flow from the oil cooler (if fitted) before being passed into the cylinder block main oil gallery. The main oil gallery has drillings that direct the oil to each cylinder head and the main bearings. Cross drillings in the crankshaft main bearings carry the oil to the connecting rod big-end bearings. Oil galleries in the cylinder head carry the oil to the camshafts and the hydraulic lash adjusters. (G421093) Technical Training46 Lesson 2 – PowertrainEngine
The oil pressure switch is located in the cylinder block to sense the oil pressure level before the oil flow enters the main gallery in the cylinder block. A warning lamp in the instrument cluster is illuminated if low oil pressure is detected. Oil at reduced pressure is directed to each cylinder bank via two restrictors in the cylinder block/cylinder head locating dowels, one at the front on the LH bank and the other at the rear on the RH bank. Oil then passes through a drilling in the cylinder head to the camshaft carrier, where it is directed via separate galleries to the camshaft bearings and hydraulic tappet housings. Return oil from the cylinder head drains into the sump via the cylinder head bolt passages. Oil Level Gauge Oil level gauge1Oil level gauge tube2 The oil level gauge locates along the LH side of the cylinder block, supported in a tube installed in the sump. Two holes in the end of the gauge indicate the minimum and maximum oil levels. There is a difference of approximately 1.5 litres (1.58 US quart) between the two levels. EngineLesson 2 – Powertrain 47Technical Training (G421093)
EXHAUST MANIFOLD The dual wall stainless steel exhaust manifolds are unique for each cylinder bank. The exhaust manifolds are sealed to the cylinder heads via metal gaskets. (G421093) Technical Training48 Lesson 2 – PowertrainEngine
External View GENERAL The V8 petrol engine is a 4.4 litre, 8 cylinder, 90 degrees Enclosed V unit, with 4 valves per cylinder, operated by two overhead camshafts. The engine emissions comply with ECD3 (European Commission Directive) and US Federal Tier2 Bin 8 legislative requirements and employs catalytic converters, electronic engine management control, positive crankcase ventilation and exhaust gas re-circulation to limit the emission of pollutants. The cooling system is a low volume, high velocity system. The Engine Control Module (ECM) controls the fuel injection system. The cylinder block is of aluminium alloy construction with cast iron liners and a cast aluminium bedplate bolted to the bottom of the block to improve lower structure rigidity. The cylinder heads are cast aluminium EngineLesson 2 – Powertrain 49Technical Training (G421094)
with thermo-plastic camshaft covers. The single-piece oil sump is also cast aluminium. The fabricated stainless steel twin skin exhaust manifolds are unique for each cylinder bank and a moulded plastic acoustic cover is fitted over the upper engine to reduce engine-generated noise. Engine Structure Cylinder heads1 Cylinder block2 Bed plate3 Structural sump4 TECHNICAL FEATURES The technical features include: •An eight cylinder 90 degree Enclosed V configuration liquid cooled aluminium cylinder block with cast iron liners •Pistons are of open-ended skirt design, with two compression rings and a three piece oil control ring •Two aluminium cylinder heads, each incorporating two hollow camshafts manufactured in chilled cast iron •Four valves per cylinder •Aluminium graded valve lifters (shimless) •Variable Valve Timing (VVT) (inlet only) •Top fed, 8-jet fuel injectors •Engine front cover manufactured from aluminium which accommodates the crankshaft front oil seal •Primary and secondary chains drive the camshafts •An aluminium bed plate •A cast iron crankshaft •Fracture-split connecting rods in sintered-forged steel •A twin multi-vee belt, which drives the front end accessories •Fabricated stainless steel twin skin exhaust manifolds •Electronic Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) valve •An advanced engine management system incorporating electronic throttle control •Meets with the fault handling requirements, as detailed in the European On-Board Diagnostic (EOBD) III, US Federal OBD and California OBDII legislation . (G421094) Technical Training50 Lesson 2 – PowertrainEngine
ENGINE DATA TYPEDESCRIPTION 90 degree V8Configuration 220 kW at 6000 rpmMaximum power 425 Nm at 4000 rpmMaximum torque 4.396 litresDisplacement 90.3/88.0 mmStroke/bore 10.50 : 1Compression ratio 1 2 7 3 4 5 6 8Firing order 208 kg (approx.)Engine weight 7.5 litres (wet)Oil volume EngineLesson 2 – Powertrain 51Technical Training (G421094)