Land Rover Lesson 2 Auto Trans Coolingine Rover Manual
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CRANKSHAFT AND SUMP COMPONENTS Bolts, 3 of1Fan driver bracket2 (G421095) Technical Training92 Lesson 2 – PowertrainEngine
Oil pump3 Seal4 Cylinder block5 Rear oil seal retainer6 Bolts, 10 of7 Crankshaft position sensor trigger wheel8 Bolts, 8 of9 Main thrust bearing, upper10 Piston and connecting rod assembly11 Flywheel12 Lower main thrust bearing13 Main bearing caps, 4 of14 Cross bolts, 4 of15 Main bearing cap bolts, 16 of16 Gasket17 Seal18 Bracket19 Bolts, 2 of20 Bolts, 6 of21 Gasket22 Oil pick-up23 Bolt24 Oil temperature sensor25 Seal26 Drain plug27 Bolts, 14 of28 Oil pan assembly29 Bolts, 12 of30 Ladder frame31 Dowel32 Bolts, 2 of33 Connecting rod cap34 Connecting rod cap bearing35 Connecting rod bearing36 Connecting rod37 Piston38 Piston pin retainer39 Piston pin40 Cross bolts, 4 of41 Lower main bearings42 Bolts, 5 of43 Crankshaft damper pulley44 Bolt45 Crankshaft drive pulley46 Crankshaft front oil seal47 Upper main bearings48 Bolts, 10 of49 Seal50 Crankshaft The crankshaft is forged steel and fillet rolled with induction hardened journals, which run in four bearings with clamped two layer bearing shells. The main bearing caps are double and cross-bolted, this adds to the strength and rigidity of the engine block. The crankshaft drive pulley is not keyed onto the crankshaft; it is secured to the crankshaft by a single bolt. NOTE: Under no circumstances must the crankshaft pulley be tightened or loosened with the timing belt fitted. NOTE: Do not attempt to remove the crankshaft drive pulley unless you have the correct special crankshaft-locking tool. EngineLesson 2 – Powertrain 93Technical Training (G421095)
Housing1 Seal2 Crankshaft3 Rear oil seal retainer4 Bolt5 The crankshaft rear oil seal is a press fit in the rear oil seal retainer. The rear oil seal retainer also houses the CKP sensor. CKP sensor trigger wheel1 The trigger wheel is located on the rear of the crankshaft. It is pressed onto the crankshaft using a special tool, which also precisely aligns the trigger wheel for crankshaft position and timing. The trigger wheel consists of 60 magnets, minus 2 for ECM crankshaft position reference and synchronisation. The magnets cannot be seen on the trigger-wheel; therefore, it can only be positioned using the special tool. The CKP sensor air gap is 0.4mm to 0.5mm there is no adjustment. The sensor bolts into the rear oil seal retainer and the tolerance on the retainer and sensor gives an air gap within the specified range. NOTE: If the trigger wheel is removed for any reason, a new trigger wheel must be fitted. Do not reuse the old trigger wheel. (G421095) Technical Training94 Lesson 2 – PowertrainEngine
Main Bearings The main bearings are aluminium/tin split plain selective bearings. An oil groove in the top half of each bearing transfers oil into the crankshaft for lubrication of the connecting rod bearings. The upper and lower shells of bearing number four contain integral thrust washers, which limits the end float of the crankshaft. Ladder Frame Ladder frame1 The ladder frame is fitted to the lower cylinder block to stiffen the base structure thus helping to reduce Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH). The frame is made of high-pressure die cast aluminium and also incorporates an oil baffle plate to reduce oil foaming and slosh. The ladder frame is secured to the cylinder block with 2 dowels, 2 locator pins for the gasket and 18 retaining bolts; three different lengths of bolts are used: •M6 x 20, 6 of •M8 x 75, 4 of •M6 x 105, 8 of Iron inserts, cast into the main bearing supports of the ladder frame, minimise main bearing clearance changes due to heat expansion. A gasket seals the joint between the ladder frame and the cylinder block. A port for the oil level gauge tube is included in the casting on the LH side of the ladder frame. EngineLesson 2 – Powertrain 95Technical Training (G421095)
An oil pick-up pipe with integral strainer locates in the front of the ladder frame to provide oil to the crankshaft driven oil pump. Sump The sump consists of a pressed steel oil pan bolted to the aluminium alloy ladder frame with 14 M6 x 16 bolts. The engine oil drain plug and the oil temperature sensor are located at the rear left corner of the sump. A reusable gasket seals the joint between the oil pan and the ladder frame; a bead of sealant seals the joint between the sump and the ladder frame. Oil Temperature Sensor The engine oil temperature sensor is located at the rear left corner of the sump. The sensor provides the ECM and the instrument pack with the engine oil temperature status. The sensor circuit consists of an internal voltage divider circuit which, incorporates an Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistor. As the engine oil temperature rises the resistance through the sensor decreases and visa versa. The output from the sensor is the change in voltage, as the thermistor allows more current to pass to earth relative to the temperature of the oil. Rear Oil Seal Retainer The crankshaft rear oil seal retainer is attached to the rear of the cylinder block by ten bolts and is sealed with a rubber seal. The retainer also houses the crankshaft position sensor. Dual Mass Flywheel On vehicles with manual transmission, the dual mass flywheel is bolted on the rear of the crankshaft with eight bolts. A dowel on the crankshaft flange ensures that the flywheel is correctly located. A ring gear is fitted on the outer diameter of the flywheel. The ring gear is not serviceable. The dual mass flywheel is used to insulate the gearbox from torsional and transient vibrations produced by the engine. (G421095) Technical Training96 Lesson 2 – PowertrainEngine
CAMSHAFT TIMING COMPONENTS Rear Engine Accessory Drive (READ) rear cover1 READ tensioner2 Bolt3 Fuel pump pulley4 Nut5 READ camshaft pulley6 READ belt7 Bolt8 READ front cover9 RH chain tensioner10 RH timing chain11 RH inlet camshaft12 EngineLesson 2 – Powertrain 97Technical Training (G421095)
RH exhaust camshaft13 LH inlet camshaft14 LH exhaust camshaft15 LH chain tensioner16 LH timing chain17 Timing belt18 Front cover bridge19 Primary drive cover20 Idler21 Bolt22 Bolt23 Tensioner24 Bolt25 Idler26 Camshaft hub27 LH camshaft timing pulley28 Bolt, 3 of29 Bolt, 1 of30 Idler31 Bolt, 1 of32 Bolt, 3 of33 Bolt, 1 of34 RH camshaft timing pulley35 Camshaft hub36 Primary Drive Primary drive is provided by a single toothed belt from the crankshaft to the exhaust camshaft gears of each cylinder bank via two idler pulleys and a tensioner. Timing belt adjustment is carried out by an eccentric type tensioner mounted on the RH front face of the cylinder block. (G421095) Technical Training98 Lesson 2 – PowertrainEngine
Secondary Drive Timing chain1 Bolts2 Inlet camshaft3 Exhaust camshaft4 Tensioner firing pin5 Secondary drive is provided by two short crossover chains, which transfer drive from the exhaust camshaft gears to the inlet camshaft gears. The crossover drives are located at the rear of the RH cylinder bank and the front of the LH cylinder bank. This allows for a much shorter and simpler run for the main camshaft drive belt at the front of the engine. Each crossover chain is tensioned via an automatic chain tensioner, which acts directly on the chains via a guide rail. The tensioners are located between the exhaust and inlet camshafts at the front or rear of the cylinder head, depending on the cylinder bank. EngineLesson 2 – Powertrain 99Technical Training (G421095)
Timing Cover Bolt (M6 x 32), 13 ofA Bolt (M6 x 36), 2 ofB Bolt (M6 x 30), 2 ofC The plastic timing cover is bolted to the front of the cylinder block and cylinder heads with sixteen bolts and sealed with a rubber seal. (G421095) Technical Training100 Lesson 2 – PowertrainEngine
CYLINDER HEAD COMPONENTS Hydraulic lash adjusters1 Valve spring retainers2 Roller rockers3 Valve stem seals4 Valve guides5 Exhaust valves6 Intake valves7 Exhaust valve seats8 Intake valve seats9 Valve springs10 Bolt11 Bracket12 EngineLesson 2 – Powertrain 101Technical Training (G421095)