Land Rover Defender 90 Workshop 2nd Edition Nas Rover Manual

							51REAR AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
2
OVERHAUL Remove
1.Remove rear hub.
See Repair, rear hub
assembly
2.Remove outer bearing.
3.Mark, for reassembly, position of hub to brake
disc.
4.Remove 5 bolts and separate hub from brake
disc.
WARNING: A maximum of two road wheel
retaining studs can be renewed. Should
more studs be unserviceable fit new hub
with studs.
5.Remove grease seal and inner bearing from
hub.
6.Remove inner and outer bearing tracks.
Refit
7.Clean hub and fit inner and outer bearing tracks.
8.Pack hub inner bearing with grease and fit to
hub.
9.With lip side leading fit a new seal flush with rear
face of hub. Using service toolLRT-54-003seal
replacer and drift. Apply grease between seal
lips.
10.Assemble brake disc to the hub, line up
reassembly marks. Applying Loctite 270, fit and
tighten retaining bolts to
73 Nm, 55 lbf/ft.
11.Pack hub outer bearing with grease and fit to
hub.
12.Fit rear hub assembly.
See Repair, Rear Hub
Assembly 
						

							REAR AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
3
OVERHAUL REAR STUB AXLE
Service repair no - 64.15.22.
STUB AXLE COMPONENTS
1.Stub axle to axle casing bolt
2.Mudshield
3.Stub axle
4.Stub axle joint washer
5.Axle casing
6.Wheel speed sensor
Overhaul
1.Remove hub assembly.
See Repair, Rear Hub
Assembly
2.Remove 6 bolts securing stub axle to axle
casing.
3.Remove mudshield.
4.Remove stub axle and joint washer.Renew rear stub axle oil seal
5.Remove and discard oil seal. Lubricate seal and
lip with EP90 oil. Using special tool
LRT-51-004(LST.138) fit new oil seal lipside
trailing so that seal is flush with rear face of stub
axle.
Refit
6.Fit new joint washer, stub axle and mudshield
bolts. Tighten bolts to
65 Nm, 50 lbf/ft.
7.Refit hub assembly
See Repair, Rear Hub
Assembly 
						

							REAR AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
1
SPECIFICATIONS, TORQUE TORQUE VALUES
REAR AXLE Nm lbf ft
Drive shaft flange bolts 48..................................................... 35
Lower link to axle 176............................................................. 130
Pivot bracket ball joint to axle 176........................................... 130
Stub axle bolts 65.................................................................. 50 
						

							FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION DESCRIPTION
The welded steel front axle casing houses a separate
spiral bevel type differential unit, which is off set to the
right of the vehicle centre line. The differential unit
drives the front wheels via the axle shafts and
constant velocity joints which are totally enclosed in
the spherical and swivel housings.
The front wheels are pivoted on a taper roller bearing
at the bottom and a Rialco bush at the top of the
swivel housing. The top swivel also houses the wheel
sensor used by engine management. The wheel hubs
are supported by 2 taper bearings and driven by drive
flanges which are splined to the one piece stub
shaft/constant velocity joint.
Lubrication
The differential, swivel pin housing and wheel hubs
are individually lubricated and separated by oil seals
to prevent oil transfer across the axle when the
vehicle is traversing steep inclines. The wheel
bearings are lubricated with grease and the and
differential with oil. The swivel housings are lubricated
with grease unless the housing is fitted with filler and
level plugs then oil is used.
Ventilation
Ventilation of the differential is through a plastic pipe
which terminates at a high level in the vehicle. The
swivel housings ventilate through the axle shaft oil
seals into the differential and the hub bearings vent
via the oil seals into the swivel housing. 
						

							54FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
2
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Front axle
1.Axle casing
2.Ventilation pipe
3.Axle shaft
4.Wheel studs and hub
5.Stub axle
6.Wheel bearings - 2
7.Inner and outer hub seals
8.Axle shaft seal
9.Hub lock plate, thrust washer and nuts - 2
10.Brake disc
11.Drive flange
12.Shim washer and circlip
13.Dust cap14.Constant velocity joint/shaft
15.Thrust collar for CV joint
16.Roller bearing
17.Spacer
18.Circlip
19.Top and bottom swivel taper bearings
20.Top and bottom swivel pins
21.Spherical housing, seal and retainer
22.Swivel housing
23.Constant velocity shaft seal
24.Speed sensor - engine management
25.Rialco bush - sensor 
						

							FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
1
FAULT DIAGNOSIS FAULT DIAGNOSIS
Complaint - Oil leaks
An external leak of lubrication can be caused by a
faulty internal seal. For example, if the seals which
separate the differential from the swivel housings are
faulty and the vehicle is operating or parked on an
embankment, oil may leak across the axle leaving one
swivel with a high level and the opposite swivel and
differential lacking lubrication.
SeeDescription and Operationfor illustration
showing oil seal locations.
When investigating leaks or checking oil levels, it is
essential that all the lubrication is drained from any
housing with a high level and that the other levels are
checked.
Swivel housing oil (where used) should be checked
for signs of grease leaking from the hub bearings and
oil contamination of the hub grease.
Check that the axle ventilation system is clear, as a
blockage can cause internal pressure to force oil past
the seals.
If the vehicle is driven in deep water with defective oil
seals, water may contaminate the lubricants and when
checked, give a false impression that the housing has
been overfilled with oil.
Do not assume that a high oil level is due to over
filling or, that a low level is because of an external
leak. 
						

							FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
1
REPAIR FRONT AXLE ASSEMBLY
Service repair no - 54.15.01
Remove
WARNING: Remove and refit of axle
requires a further 2 persons to steady axle
when lowering or repositioning.
1.Raise and support chassis front.
2.Remove front road wheels.
3.Support axle weight with hydraulic jack.
4.Remove both radius arm to chassis frame lock
nuts.
5.Disconnect steering damper from track rod.
Using an extractor remove track rod links from
swivel pin arms.
6.Remove 4 nuts and bolts securing radius arms
to axle bracket.
7.Disconnect radius arms from axle.
8.Remove bolts securing brake hose brackets.
Refit bolts to prevent oil leakage.
9.Remove both wheel sensor lead plugs and
release lead retaining clips.
10.Remove bolts from brake calipers and tie
calipers to one side.DO NOT strain hoses.
11.Remove nuts and washers securing shock
absorbers to axle.
12.Disconnect drag link from swivel pin housing
arm.
13.Remove 2 nuts and bolts securing panhard rod
to axle bracket. Lift rod clear of axle.
14.Mark drive shaft flanges for reassembly .
Remove 4 nuts and bolts, tie propeller shaft to
one side.
15.Release axle ventilation pipe banjo and lower
axle assembly. Remove road springs.
16.Disconnect anti-roll bar linkSee FRONT
SUSPENSION, Repair, Anti-roll bar ball joint
links
.
17.Remove axle assembly.
Do not carry out further dismantling if component
is removed for access only.
18.Transfer components to new axle.
Refit
19.Position axle under vehicle, supporting left side
of axle.
20.Fit road springs, axle ventilation pipe banjo and
raise axle assembly.
21.Align reference marks and fit propeller shaft.
Tighten bolts to
47 Nm, 35 lbf/ft.
22.Fit panhard rod to axle bracket. Tighten bolts to
88 Nm, 65 lbf/ft.
23.Fit drag link to swivel pin arm. Tighten fixings to
40 Nm, 30 lbf/ft.
24.Fit shock absorbers to axle.
25.Fit brake calipers. Tighten bolts to
82 Nm, 60
lbf/ft.
26.Tighten upper swivel pin bolts to65 Nm, 50
lbf/ft.
27.Reconnect both wheel sensor lead plugs and fit
lead retaining clips.
28.Fit radius arms to axle brackets. Tighten bolts to
197 Nm, 145 lbf/ft.
29.Fit steering damper to track rod.
30.Fit radius arms to chassis side member. Tighten
fixings to
197 Nm, 145 lbf/ft.
31.Tighten track rod end to
40 Nm, 30 lbf ftalign to
hole and fit NEW split [cotter] pin.
32.Fit road wheels, tighten to
130 Nm, 95 lbf ft.
33.Remove chassis supports. 
						

							54FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
2
REPAIR FRONT HUB ASSEMBLY
Service repair no - 60.25.01.
Remove
1.Loosen road wheel nuts, raise front of vehicle
and lower onto axle stands. Remove road wheel.
2.Release brake hose clips and remove brake
caliper and brake disc shield bolts. Secure
caliper to one side.3.Lever off dust cap.
4.Remove circlip and driveshaft shim from
driveshaft.
5.Remove 5 bolts and withdraw drive member and
joint washer. Discard joint washer.
6.Bend back lock washer tabs.
7.Remove locknut and lock washer.
8.Remove hub adjusting nut.
9.Remove spacing washer.
10.Remove hub and brake disc assembly complete
with bearings.
HUB COMPONENTS
1.Dust cap.
2.Drive shaft circlip.
3.Drive shaft shim.
4.Drive member.
5.Drive member joint washer.
6.Drive member retaining bolt.
7.Lock nut.
8.Lock washer.9.Hub adjusting nut.
10.Spacing washer.
11.Outer bearing.
12.Hub.
13.Inner bearing.
14.Grease seal.
15.Brake disc.
16.Disc retaining bolt. 
						

							FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
3
REPAIR Refit
1.Clean stub axle and drive shaft and fit hub
assembly to axle.
2.Fit spacing washer.
3.Fit hub adjusting nut. Tighten to
50 Nm, 37 lbf ft.
Ensure hub is free to rotate with no bearing play.
4.Back off adjusting nut 90¯ and tighten to
10 Nm,
7 lbf ft
. This will give the required hub end float
of 0,010mm, 0.0004 in.
5.Fit a new lock washer.
6.Fit locknut. Tighten to
50 Nm, 37 lbf ft.
7.Tab over lock washer to secure adjusting nut
and locknut.
8.Fit a new joint washer to driving member and fit
member to hub. Tighten bolts to
65 Nm, 48 lbf
ft.
9.Fit original drive shaft shim and secure with a
circlip.
10.To check drive shaft end play, mount a dial
gauge using bracketLRT-99-503and rest pin in
a loaded condition on end of drive shaft.
11.Fit a suitable bolt to threaded end of drive shaft.
Move drive shaft in and out noting dial gauge
reading. End play should be between 0,08 to
0,25 mm, 0.003 to 0.010 in.
12.If end play requires adjustment, remove circlip,
measure shim thickness and fit an appropriate
shim to give required end-play.
13.Remove bolt from drive shaft, fit circlip and dust
cap.
14.Fit brake disc shield and brake caliper. Tighten
fixings to
82 Nm, 60 lbf ft.
15.Bleed brake system.See BRAKES, Repair,
Brake system bleed
16.Fit road wheel, remove axle stands and tighten
road wheel nuts to
130 Nm, 95 lbf ft.
17.Operate footbrake to locate brake pads. 
						

							FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE
1
OVERHAUL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL
Service repair no - 54.10.07.
Overhaul
NOTE: The front axle differential is the
same as that fitted to the rear axle and can
only be serviced as a complete assembly
See REAR AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE, Repair, Rear
differential
.
FRONT HUB
Service repair no - 60.26.14.
Overhaul
1.Remove hub assembly
See Repair, Front hub
assembly
2.Remove outer bearing.
3.Mark, for reassembly, relationship between hub
and brake disc, if original hub is to be refitted.
4.Remove 5 bolts and separate hub from brake
disc.
5.Drift out grease seal and inner bearing from hub
and discard seal.
6.Drift out inner and outer bearing tracks.
7.Clean hub and drift in inner and outer bearing
tracks.
8.Pack hub inner bearing with recommended
grease and fit to hub.
9.With lip side leading fit new seal to hub using
special toolLST 137seal replacer and drift18G
134. Drive in seal flush with rear face of hub.
Apply grease between seal lips.
10.Fit brake disc to hub, lining up to marks made
during dismantling. Apply Loctite 270, fit
retaining bolts. Tighten to
73 Nm, 55 lbf/ft.
11.Grease and fit outer bearing to hub.
12.Fit hub assembly.
See Repair, Front hub
assembly