Cisco 4507re Manual
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2-5 Catalyst 4500 E-Series Switches Installation Guide OL-13972-02 Chapter 2 Preparing for Installation Site Requirements Altitude Operating a system at high altitude (low pressure) reduces the efficiency of forced and convection cooling and can result in electrical problems related to arcing and corona effects. This condition can also cause sealed components with internal pressure, such as electrolytic capacitors, to fail or perform at reduced efficiency. Each system is rated to operate at altitudes from –50 to 6500 feet (–16 to 1981 meters) and can be stored at altitudes of –50 to 35,000 feet (–16 to 10,668 meters). Dust and Particulates Fans cool power supplies and system components by drawing in room temperature air and exhausting heated air out through various openings in the chassis. However, fans also ingest dust and other particles, causing contaminant buildup in the system and increased internal chassis temperature. A clean operating environment can greatly reduce the negative effects of dust and other particles, which act as insulators and interfere with the mechanical components in the system. The standards listed below provide guidelines for acceptable working environments and acceptable levels of suspended particulate matter: •Network Equipment Building Systems (NEBS) GR-63-CORE •National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Type 1 •International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) IP-20 Corrosion Corrosion of system connectors is a gradual process that can eventually lead to intermittent failures of electrical circuits. The oil from a person’s fingers or prolonged exposure to high temperature or humidity can corrode the gold-plated edge connectors and pin connectors on various components in the system. To prevent corrosion, avoid touching contacts on boards and cards, and protect the system from extreme temperatures and moist, salty environments. Electromagnetic and Radio Frequency Interference Electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) from a system can adversely affect devices such as radio and television (TV) receivers operating near the system. Radio frequencies emanating from a system can also interfere with cordless and low-power telephones. Conversely, RFI from high-power telephones can cause spurious characters to appear on the system monitor. RFI is defined as any EMI with a frequency above 10 kilohertz (kHz). This type of interference can travel from the system to other devices through the power cable and power source or through the air like transmitted radio waves. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) publishes specific regulations to limit the amount of EMI and RFI emitted by computing equipment. Each system meets these FCC regulations. To reduce the possibility of EMI and RFI, follow these guidelines: •Only operate the system with the chassis covers installed. •Ensure that all chassis slots are covered by a metal filler bracket and that an unused power supply bay has a metal cover plate installed. •Ensure that the screws on all peripheral cable connectors are securely fastened to their corresponding connectors on the back of the chassis. •Always use shielded cables with metal connector shells for attaching peripherals to the system.
2-6 Catalyst 4500 E-Series Switches Installation Guide OL-13972-02 Chapter 2 Preparing for Installation Site Requirements When wires are run for any significant distance in an electromagnetic field, interference can occur between the field and the signals on the wires. This fact has two implications for the construction of plant wiring: •Bad wiring practice can result in radio interference emanating from the plant wiring. •Strong EMI, especially when it is caused by lightning or radio transmitters, can destroy the signal drivers and receivers in the chassis, and even create an electrical hazard by conducting power surges through lines into equipment. NoteTo predict and remedy strong EMI, you may also need to consult experts in radio frequency interference (RFI). If you use twisted-pair cable in your plant wiring with a good distribution of grounding conductors, the plant wiring is unlikely to emit radio interference. If you exceed the recommended distances, use a high-quality twisted-pair cable with one ground conductor for each data signal when applicable. CautionCategory 5e, Category 6, and Category 6a cables can store large levels of static electricity because of the dielectric properties of the materials used in their construction. Always ground the cables (especially in new cable runs) to a suitable and safe earth ground before connecting them to the module. If the wires exceed the recommended distances, or if wires pass between buildings, give special consideration to the effect of a lightning strike in your vicinity. The electromagnetic pulse caused by lightning or other high-energy phenomena can easily couple enough energy into unshielded conductors to destroy electronic devices. If you have had problems of this sort in the past, you may want to consult experts in electrical surge suppression and shielding. Shock and Vibration Catalyst 4500 E-series switches have been shock- and vibration-tested for operating ranges, handling, and earthquake standards to NEBS (Zone 4 per GR-63-Core). These tests have been conducted in earthquake environment and criteria, office vibration and criteria, transportation vibration and criteria, and packaged equipment shock. Power Source Interruptions Systems are especially sensitive to variations in voltage supplied by the AC power source. Overvoltage, undervoltage, and transients (or spikes) can erase data from memory or even cause components to fail. To protect against these types of problems, power cables should always be properly grounded. Also, place the system on a dedicated power circuit (rather than sharing a circuit with other heavy electrical equipment). In general, do not allow the system to share a circuit with any of the following: •Copy machines •Air conditioners •Vacuum cleaners
2-7 Catalyst 4500 E-Series Switches Installation Guide OL-13972-02 Chapter 2 Preparing for Installation Site Requirements •Space heaters •Power tools •Teletype machines •Laser printers •Facsimile machines •Any other motorized equipment Besides these appliances, the greatest threats to a system power supply are surges or blackouts that are caused by electrical storms. Whenever possible, turn off the system and any peripherals, and unplug them from their power sources during thunderstorms. If a blackout occurs—even a temporary one—while the system is turned on, turn off the system immediately and disconnect it from the electrical outlet. Leaving the system on may cause problems when the power is restored; all other appliances left on in the area can create large voltage spikes that can damage the system. System Grounding You must install a NEBS-compliant system ground as part of the chassis installation process. Chassis installations that rely only on the AC third-prong ground are insufficient to properly and adequately ground the systems. The system (NEBS) ground is different than the source power ground (AC third-prong ground on an AC power plug). The source power ground is designed for safety in the case of a short circuit in the power supply or a connection between the live voltage wire and the chassis. The resulting short circuit causes the source power circuit breaker to trip, which minimizes the damage to the chassis and the possible shock hazard to anyone in physical contact with the chassis. The source power ground usually does not have low impedance, it might be shared across many different types of devices, and it can have a floating voltage with reference to true earth ground. The system (NEBS) ground should have the lowest possible impedance to true earth ground to ensure that there is no floating voltage. The system (NEBS) ground should have only communications equipment connected to it and should be free of induction or capacitance-induced voltages. In order to reduce the possibility of spurious signals and floating voltages from disrupting data transmissions, it might be necessary to install a new dedicated system (NEBS) ground in your data center. You must observe the following system grounding guidelines for your chassis: •You must install the system (NEBS) ground connection with any other rack or system power ground connections that you make. The system (NEBS) ground connection is required if FXS modules are installed or if this equipment is installed in a U.S. or European central office. •You must connect both the system (NEBS) ground connection and the power supply ground connection to earth grounds. CautionInstallations that rely solely on system grounding using only an AC third-prong ground run a substantially greater risk of equipment problems and data corruption than those installations that use both the AC third-prong ground and a properly installed system (NEBS compliant) ground. Ta b l e 2 - 1 lists some general grounding practice guidelines.
2-8 Catalyst 4500 E-Series Switches Installation Guide OL-13972-02 Chapter 2 Preparing for Installation Site Requirements NoteIn all situations, grounding practices must comply with Section 250 of the National Electric Code (NEC) requirements or local laws and regulations. A 6 AWG grounding wire is preferred from the chassis to the rack ground or directly to the common bonding network (CBN). The equipment rack should also be connected to the CBN with 6 AWG grounding wire. Table 2-1 Grounding Practice Guidelines EnvironmentElectromagnetic Noise Severity Level Grounding Recommendation Commercial building is subjected to direct lightning strikes. For example, some places in the United States, such as Florida, are subject to more lightning strikes than other areas.High All lightning protection devices must be installed in strict accordance with manufacturer recommendations. Conductors carrying lightning current should be spaced away from power and data lines in accordance with applicable recommendations and codes. Best grounding practices must be closely followed. Commercial building is located in an area where lightning storms frequently occur but is not subject to direct lightning strikes.High Best grounding practices must be closely followed. Commercial building contains a mix of information technology equipment and industrial equipment, such as welding. Medium to High Best grounding practices must be closely followed. Existing commercial building is not subject to natural environmental noise or man-made industrial noise. This building contains a standard office environment. This installation has a history of malfunction due to electromagnetic noise.Medium Best grounding practices must be closely followed. Determine source and cause of noise if possible, and mitigate as closely as possible at the noise source or reduce coupling from the noise source to the victim equipment. New commercial building is not subject to natural environmental noise or man-made industrial noise. This building contains a standard office environment.Low Best grounding practices should be followed as closely as possible. Electromagnetic noise problems are not anticipated, but installing a best practice grounding system in a new building is often the least expensive route and the best way to plan for the future. Existing commercial building is not subject to natural environmental noise or man-made industrial noise. This building contains a standard office environment.Low Best grounding practices should be followed as much as possible. Electromagnetic noise problems are not anticipated, but installing a best practice grounding system is always recommended.
2-9 Catalyst 4500 E-Series Switches Installation Guide OL-13972-02 Chapter 2 Preparing for Installation Site Requirements NoteIn installations where FXS modules are installed, supplemental grounding is required. NoteAlways ensure that all of the modules are completely installed and that the captive installation screws are fully tightened. In addition, ensure that all I/O cables and power cords are properly seated. These practices are normal installation practices and must be followed in all installations. CautionCategory 5e, Category 6, and Category 6a cables can store large levels of static electricity because of the dielectric properties of the materials used in their construction. Always ground the cables (especially in new cable runs) to a suitable and safe earth ground before connecting them to the module. Maintaining Safety with Electricity When working on electrical equipment, follow these guidelines: •Do not work alone if potentially hazardous conditions exist anywhere in your work space. •Never assume that power is disconnected from a circuit; always check the circuit before working on it. •Look carefully for possible hazards in your work area, such as damp floors, ungrounded power extension cables, frayed or damaged power cords, and missing safety grounds. •If an electrical accident occurs, proceed as follows: –Use extreme caution; do not become a victim yourself. –Disconnect power from the system. –If possible, send another person to get medical aid. Otherwise assess the condition of the victim, and then call for help. –Determine if the person needs rescue breathing or external cardiac compressions; then take appropriate action. •Use the product within its marked electrical ratings and product usage instructions. •Install the product in compliance with local and national electrical codes. •If any of the following conditions occur, contact the Cisco Technical Assistance Center: –The power cable or plug is damaged. –An object has fallen into the product. –The product has been exposed to water or other liquids. –The product has been dropped or shows signs of damage. –The product does not operate correctly when you follow the operating instructions. •Use the correct external power source. Operate the product only from the type of power source indicated on the electrical ratings label. If you are not sure of the type of power source required, consult the Cisco Technical Assistance Center or a local electrician.
2-10 Catalyst 4500 E-Series Switches Installation Guide OL-13972-02 Chapter 2 Preparing for Installation Site Requirements •Use approved power cables only. You have been provided with one or more power cables with your chassis power supply that are intended for use in your country, based on the shipping location. Should you need to purchase additional power cables, ensure that they are rated for the product and for the voltage and current marked on the product’s electrical ratings label. The voltage and current rating of the power cable should be greater than the ratings marked on the label. •To help prevent electrical shock, plug all power cables into properly grounded electrical outlets. These power cables are equipped with three-prong plugs to help ensure proper grounding. Do not use adapter plugs or remove the grounding prong from a power cable. •Observe power strip ratings. Make sure that the total current rating of all products that are plugged into the power strip does not exceed 80 percent of the power strip rating. •Do not modify power cables or plugs yourself. Consult with a licensed electrician or your power company for site modifications. Always follow your local and national wiring codes. Preventing Electrostatic Discharge Damage Electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage, which can occur when modules or other FRUs are improperly handled, results in intermittent or complete failures. Modules consist of printed circuit boards that are fixed in metal carriers. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and connectors are integral components of the carrier. Although the metal carrier helps to protect the board from ESD, always use an ESD grounding strap when handling modules. To prevent ESD damage, follow these guidelines: •Always use an ESD wrist strap and ensure that it makes maximum contact with bare skin. ESD grounding straps are available with banana plugs, metal spring clips, or alligator clips. All Catalyst 4500 E-series chassis are equipped with a bare metal hole banana plug connector (identified by the ground symbol next to the connector) somewhere on the front panel. We recommend that you use a personal ESD grounding strap equipped with a banana plug. •If you choose to use the disposable ESD wrist strap supplied with most FRUs or an ESD wrist strap equipped with an alligator clip, you must attach the system ground lug to the chassis in order to provide a proper grounding point for the ESD wrist strap. NoteThis system ground is also referred to as the network equipment building system (NEBS) ground. •If your chassis does not have the system ground attached, you must install the system ground. See the “Establishing the System Ground Connection” section on page 3-7 for installation instructions and locations of the chassis system ground pads.
2-11 Catalyst 4500 E-Series Switches Installation Guide OL-13972-02 Chapter 2 Preparing for Installation Site Requirements After you install the system ground lug, follow these steps to correctly attach the ESD wrist strap: St e p 1Attach the ESD wrist strap to bare skin as follows: a.If you are using the ESD wrist strap supplied with the FRUs, open the wrist strap package and unwrap the ESD wrist strap. Place the black conductive loop over your wrist and tighten the strap so that it makes good contact with your bare skin. b.If you are using an ESD wrist strap equipped with an alligator clip, open the package and remove the ESD wrist strap. Locate the end of the wrist strap that attaches to your body and secure it to your bare skin. St e p 2Grasp the spring or alligator clip on the ESD wrist strap and momentarily touch the clip to a bare metal spot (unpainted surface) on the rack. We recommend that you touch the clip to an unpainted rack rail so that any built-up static charge is then safely dissipated to the entire rack. St e p 3Attach either the spring clip or the alligator clip to the ground lug screw as follows: a.If you are using the ESD wrist strap that is supplied with the FRUs, squeeze the spring clip jaws open, position the spring clip to one side of the system ground lug screw head, and slide the spring clip over the lug screw head so that the spring clip jaws close behind the lug screw head. NoteThe spring clip jaws do not open wide enough to fit directly over the head of the lug screw or the lug barrel. b.If you are using an ESD wrist strap that is equipped with an alligator clip, attach the alligator clip directly over the head of the system ground lug screw or to the system ground lug barrel. When handling modules, follow these guidelines: •Handle carriers by available handles or edges only; avoid touching the printed circuit boards or connectors. •Place a removed component board-side-up on an antistatic surface or in a static shielding container. If you plan to return the component to the factory, immediately place it in a static shielding container. •Never attempt to remove the printed circuit board from the metal carrier. CautionFor safety, periodically check the resistance value of the antistatic strap. The measurement should be between 1 and 10 megohm (Mohm).
2-12 Catalyst 4500 E-Series Switches Installation Guide OL-13972-02 Chapter 2 Preparing for Installation Power Requirements Power Requirements When preparing your site for the switch installation, follow these requirements: •In systems configured with two power supplies, connect each of the two power supplies to a separate input power source. If you fail to do this task, your system might be susceptible to total power failure due to a fault in the external wiring or a tripped circuit breaker. •To prevent a loss of input power, be sure that the total maximum load on each source circuit is within the current ratings of the wiring and breakers. •In some systems, you may decide to use an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to protect against power failures at your site. Be aware when selecting a UPS that some UPS models that use ferroresonant technology can become unstable when operating with the Catalyst 4500 E-series switch power supplies which use power factor correction (PFC). Ferroresonant technology can cause the output voltage waveform to the switch to become distorted resulting in an undervoltage situation in the system. •The AC-input power supply has a detachable power cord that allows you to connect each power supply to the site power source. •You can connect the DC-input power supply to the power source with heavy-gauge wiring connected to a terminal block. The wire gauge size is determined by local electrical codes and restrictions. •If you are using a 200/240 VAC power source in North America, the circuit must be protected by a two-pole circuit breaker. •The source AC outlet must be within 6 feet (1.8 meters) of the system and should be easily accessible. •The AC power receptacles used to plug in the chassis must be the grounding type. The grounding conductors that connect to the receptacles should connect to protective earth ground at the service equipment. Power Connection Guidelines for AC-Powered Systems This section provides the basic guidelines for connecting the Catalyst 4500 E-series switch AC power supplies to the site power source: •Each chassis power supply should have a separate, dedicated branch circuit. •For North America: –The 1000 W power supply requires a 15 A or 20 A circuit. –The 1300 W, 1400 W, and 2800 W power supplies require a 20 A circuit. –The 4200 W power supply requires one or two 15 A circuits. –The 6000 W power supply requires one or two 15 A circuits (low-line inputs) or one or two 20 A circuits (high-line inputs). –The 9000 W power supply requires up to three 15 A circuits (low-line inputs) or up to three 20 A circuits (high-line inputs). •For International: –Circuits should be sized according to local and national codes.
2-13 Catalyst 4500 E-Series Switches Installation Guide OL-13972-02 Chapter 2 Preparing for Installation Power Requirements •If you are using a 200/240 VAC power source in North America, the circuit must be protected by a two-pole circuit breaker. •The source AC outlet must be within 6 feet (1.8 meters) of the system and should be easily accessible. •The AC power receptacles used to plug in the chassis must be the grounding type. The grounding conductors that connect to the receptacles should connect to protective earth ground at the service equipment. Power Connection Guidelines for DC-Powered Systems This section provides the basic guidelines for connecting the Catalyst 4500 E-series switch DC-input power supplies to the site power source: •All power connection wiring should conform to the rules and regulations in the National Electrical Code (NEC), as well as any local codes. •DC (–) and the DC return (+) terminals are evaluated for use with 1/0 AWG wire (1400 W DC supply only). •The ground terminal is evaluated for use with 6 AWG wire (10 AWG for the multi-input power supply). •The DC return must remain isolated from the system frame and the chassis (DC-I). •For DC power cables, we recommend that you use commensurately rated, high-strand-count copper wire cable. Connection to the DC-input power supply requires one earth ground cable, one source DC (–), and one source DC return (+). The length of the cables depends on your switch location. These cables are not available from Cisco Systems. They are available from any commercial cable vendor. •The color coding of the source DC power cable leads depends on the color coding of the site DC power source. Typically, green or green and yellow indicate that the cable is a ground cable. Because there is no color code standard for source DC wiring, you must ensure that the power cables are connected to the DC-input power supply terminal block in the proper (+) and (–) polarity. In some cases, the source DC cable leads might have a positive (+) or a negative (–) label. This label is a relatively safe indication of the polarity, but you must verify the polarity by measuring the voltage between the DC cable leads. When making the measurement, the positive (+) lead and the negative (–) lead must always match the (+) and (–) labels on the DC-input power supply terminal block. •DC power cables must be terminated by cable lugs at the power supply end. •The circuit breaker is considered to be the disconnect device and should be easily accessible. •The circuit must be protected by a dedicated two-pole circuit breaker. The circuit breaker should be sized according to the power supply input rating and local or national code requirements. •For proper DC-input redundant power configurations on systems with multiple-input DC-input power supplies, all pairs of source DC cables for one DC-input power supply must come from the same battery system (A feed); all pairs of source DC cables for the second DC-input power supply must come from a different battery system (B feed). •For DC-input power supplies with multiple inputs, each DC input must be protected by a dedicated circuit breaker or a fuse. The circuit breaker or the fuse must be sized according to the power supply input rating and local or national electrical codes.
2-14 Catalyst 4500 E-Series Switches Installation Guide OL-13972-02 Chapter 2 Preparing for Installation Cabling Requirements Cabling Requirements CautionThe intrabuilding port(s) of the equipment or subassembly is suitable for connection to intrabuilding or unexposed wiring or cabling only. The intrabuilding port(s) of the equipment or subassembly must not be metallically connected to interfaces that connect to the Outside Plant (OSP) or its wiring. These interfaces are designed for use as intrabuilding interfaces only (Type 2 or Type 4 ports as described in GR-1089-CORE, Issue 4) and require isolation from the exposed OSP cabling. The addition of Primary Protectors is not sufficient protection to connect these interfaces metallically to OSP wiring. When running power and data cables together in overhead cable trays or subfloor cable trays, be aware of the following caution: CautionWe strongly recommend that power cabling runs and other potential noise sources be located as far away as practical from LAN cabling that terminates on Cisco equipment. In situations, where this type of long parallel cable runs exist which cannot be separated by at least 3.3 feet (1 meter), we recommend that you shield these potential noise sources. To avoid interference, the source should be shielded by housing it in a grounded metallic conduit. Also be aware of the following caution concerning the use of Category 5e and Category 6 Ethernet cables: CautionCategory 5e, Category 6, and Category 6a cables can store large levels of static electricity because of the dielectric properties of the materials used in their construction. Always ground the cables (especially in new cable runs) to a suitable and safe earth ground before connecting them to the module. Site Preparation Checklist Ta b l e 2 - 2 lists the site-planning activities that you should complete before you install a Catalyst 4500 E-series switch. Completing each activity helps to ensure a successful switch installation.