Steinberg Cubase 4 Operation Manual

							616
Designing your score: additional techniques
Moving one staff only
You may wish to move one staff without affecting any 
other staff in any way:
1.Hold down [Ctrl]/[Command].
2.Drag any staff as described above.
Moving staves between pages
By using the “Move to Next/Previous Page” commands on 
the Staff context menu, you can quickly edit the page 
breaks:
Moving staves to the next page
1.Locate the staff you want to move to the top of the next 
page, and make it the active staff.
This can be any staff except the first staff on the page.
2.Right-click on the blue rectangle to the left of the staff, 
and select “Move to Next Page” from the Staff context 
menu.
The active staff (and any following staves on the page) are moved to the 
next page.
Moving staves to the previous page
1.Make the staff at the top of the page the active staff.
If any other staff is active, the option “Move to Previous Page” cannot be 
used. Also, the function will not work for the first staff on the first page.
2.Right-click on the blue rectangle to the left of the staff, 
and select “Move to Previous Page” from the Staff context 
menu.
The active staff, and as many of the following staves as there are room 
for, are moved to the previous page. If the previous page is “full” already, 
nothing will happen.
Adding brackets and braces
Brackets and braces (curly brackets) are added on the 
Score Settings–Layout page. The settings you make are 
specific for the current layout, i.e. you can have different 
brackets or braces set up for different track configurations.
1.On the Scores menu, select “Settings...” and in the di-
alog that appears, open the Layout page.
In the track list, you will find columns for braces ( { ) and brackets ( [ ).
2.Click in one of the columns and drag downwards in 
the list to encompass the desired staves.
The column indicates graphically which staves will be encompassed by 
the brace or bracket.
3.Close the dialog.
The score is displayed with brackets or braces according to the settings 
you made.
You can edit brackets and braces in the dialog by drag-
ging the ends of the indicator in the list.
To remove a bracket or brace, click on its indicator in 
the list.
ÖYou can automatically get broken bar lines based on 
the brackets you have added – see “Breaking bar lines” 
on page 619.
ÖIf the option “Show Braces in Edit Mode” is activated 
in the Preferences dialog (Scores-Editing page), brackets 
and braces are shown in Edit Mode as well.
Click at the first staff for which you want a bracket or brace…
…and drag downwards in the list to enclose the desired staves. 
						

							617
Designing your score: additional techniques
Auto Layout
This item on the Scores menu brings up a dialog with sev-
eral options. Activating one of these makes the program 
“walk through” the score and make adjustments to mea-
sure widths, staff distances etc. automatically. Exactly 
which parts and properties of the score are affected de-
pends on which option you activate/deactivate.
ÖYou can also open the Auto Layout dialog by clicking 
the Auto Layout button on the extended toolbar.
Move bars
This option looks at the currently active grand staff, and 
attempts to adjust the measure widths, so that all notes 
and symbols get as much room as possible. The number 
of bars on the staff is not affected.
You can perform this function for several staves in one 
go, by dragging a selection rectangle over their left edges, 
and then selecting Move Bars.
Move Staves
This changes the measure width (as with Move Bars) but 
also the vertical staff distance, of the active staff and all 
following staves.
Spread Page
This corrects the vertical layout of the staves on the cur-
rent page, so that they “fit onto the page”. In other words, 
this removes white space at the bottom of the page.
Hide Empty Staves
This hides all empty staves, from the active staff to the end 
of the score. Note that polyphonic/split staves are in this 
case treated as one entity, if the clef in the upper system 
differs from that in the lower system. That is, a piano staff 
is considered “empty” only if there are no notes on either 
staff.
If you have activated the “Hidden” option on the Filter 
Bar, hidden staves are indicated by a marker with the text 
“Hide:Name” (where “Name” is the staff name).
To display hidden staves, delete their “Hide” markers.
If you activate the option “Auto Layout: Don’t hide first 
staff” in the Preferences dialog (Scores-Editing page), 
staves in the very first grand staff will not be hidden, even 
if they are empty.
This is useful for example if you are creating an orchestra score, and want 
to show the complete “layout” of the orchestra on the first page of the 
score, without hiding anything.
All Pages
Activate this if you want to apply the options above to all 
pages. Please note that this setting will be applied to the 
active staff and onwards. If you want all pages in the score 
to be affected, you have to make the very first staff (the 
first staff on the first page) the active staff.
Move Bars and Staves
This is a combination of “Move Bars”, “Move Staves”, and 
“All Pages”, plus automatic calculation of the number of 
bars across the page – the function tries to optimize the 
number of bars across the page for each staff (with the 
maximum number of bars as set in the dialog).
!The automatic layout adjustments are done just as if 
you yourself had made them manually. This means 
that if there’s something you don’t like, you can al-
ways change it manually, as described above. 
						

							618
Designing your score: additional techniques
Optimize All
All of the above in one fell swoop. This procedure might 
take some time but usually yields great results.
Other functions
In the lower part of the dialog, the following options are 
available:
ÖThe functions “Move Bars” and “Move All Bars” 
(“Move Bars” + “All Pages”) can also be accessed via the 
Staff context menu (opened by right-clicking on the blue 
rectangle to the left of the active staff).
Reset Layout
This function allows you to delete invisible layout elements, 
which in effect restores the score to default settings.
1.Select “Reset Layout…” from the Scores menu.
The Reset Layout dialog appears.
The following options are available:
2.Activate the items you want to delete or reset to stan-
dard settings.
3.Click on “This Staff” to clean up the active staff only, or 
on “All Staves” to clean up all staves in the score.
Setting Description
Auto Space/
Page ModeThe higher the value the more space is allowed for 
each element in the score (and thus, the fewer the 
bars across the page).
Minimum Distance 
between StavesWhen you use an Auto Layout function that moves 
staves (changes the vertical staff distance), this set-
ting determines the minimum allowed distance be-
tween the staves.
Minimum Distance 
between Grand 
StavesThis sets the minimum allowed distance between 
Grand Staves in the same way.
Add to Auto Layout 
DistanceThis number adds to the distance between staves that 
will be added when you use any of the Auto Layout 
functions. The higher the number, the larger the dis-
tance between staves.
‘Spread Page’ 
Bottom DistanceThis adds to the white space that will appear on the 
bottom of a page when using the Spread Page func-
tions. 
Max. Number 
of BarsThis allows you to specify the maximum number of 
bars per staff when using the “Bars and Staves” or 
“Optimize All” functions.
Option Description
Hidden Notes Makes all hidden notes permanently visible again.
Hidden Makes all other hidden objects permanently visible again.
Quantize Deletes all display quantize elements.
Layout tool Resets all positions of notes, clefs, slurs and ties altered 
using the Layout tool.
Grouping Resets the grouping under beams to standard values.
Cutflag Deletes all cutflag events.
Stems/Beams Resets the length of all stems and reset the slant of 
beams that have been manually adjusted.
Coordinates Removes all manual spacing of note symbols and slurs. 
						

							619
Designing your score: additional techniques
Breaking bar lines
Sometimes you may not want a bar line to stretch all the 
way across a grand staff. If this is the case, you have the 
possibility to “break it”.
Manually
Breaking bar lines in one grand staff
1.Select the Erase tool.
2.Click on a bar line connecting the two staves.
All bar lines between these two staves (except the first and last) are bro-
ken. To break the first or last bar line in a grand staff, you need to click di-
rectly on these.
Before and after splitting the bar lines between two staves.
Breaking bar lines in several grand staves
If you hold down [Alt]/[Option] and click on a bar line as 
described above, the corresponding bar lines are broken 
in all following grand staves.
Re-connecting broken bar lines 
If you have broken the bar lines, you can use the Glue tool 
to connect them again.
1.Select the Glue tool.
2.Click on one of the bar lines in the staff above the bro-
ken bar lines.
All bar lines between these staves in this grand staff are connected.
To re-connect bar lines in several grand staves, hold 
down [Alt]/[Option] and click with the Glue tool.
The bar lines between the corresponding staves are connected in all fol-
lowing grand staves.
Automatically
If you have added brackets for some staves on the Score 
Settings–Layout page (see “Adding brackets and braces” 
on page 616), you can have bar lines broken between 
each bracketed “section”, giving a clearer indication of 
which staves belong together:
1.Open the Score Settings dialog from the Score menu 
and, on the Project page, select the “Notation Style” sub-
page.
2.In the Bar Lines section, locate and activate the option 
“Break Bar Lines with Brackets”.
The option Break Last Brackets determines whether the 
breaking of bar lines should also apply to the bar line at 
the end of each row. 
						

							14
Scoring for drums 
						

							621
Scoring for drums
About this chapter
In this chapter you will learn:
 How to set up the drum map.
 How to set up a staff for drum notes.
 How to enter and edit drum notes.
 How to use a single line drum staff.
Background: Drum maps in the 
Score Editor
When scoring for drums, you can assign a unique note 
head to each pitch. There is even the possibility to set up 
different note heads for different note values!
However, to be able to fully use this function, you need to 
understand a bit about drum maps, and the use of these in 
the Score Editor.
About drum maps
Cubase handles drum editing by means of drum maps 
(see the chapter “The MIDI editors” on page 339). In the 
Score Editor, the drum map displays different note heads 
for different pitches.
You access the drum map by selecting “Drum Map Setup” 
from the MIDI menu.
The Drum Map Setup dialog.
Pitch vs. Display Note
In the Drum Map Setup dialog you will find a column Pitch 
and a column Display Note.
 The Pitch corresponds to the I-note for the drum sound and 
cannot be edited here.
 The Display Note value is used to set where the note should 
be displayed vertically. It can be thought of as a display trans-
pose setting that is unique for each note. This only affects how 
the note is displayed, not how it is recorded etc.
Use Score Drum Map on/off
For the drum map settings to be used in the score, you 
need to activate “Use Score Drum Map” in the Score Set-
tings–Staff page (Options tab).
Edit in Scores
This option is described in the section “Editing the drum 
map in the score” on page 622.
Setting up the drum map
Basic settings
1.Open the Score Editor for the drums track.
This should be a MIDI track to which you have assigned a drum map.
2.On the Score Settings–Staff page (Options tab), acti-
vate the option “Use Score Drum Map”.
3.On the MIDI menu, select “Drum Map Setup”.
The Drum Map Setup dialog appears.
4.Make settings for the sounds/MIDI notes you need. 
						

							622
Scoring for drums
The dialog contains the following options:
Initializing the display pitches
If you select “Init. Disp. Notes” from the Functions pop-up 
menu in the dialog, all display pitch values are reset, so 
that actual pitch and display pitch is the same for each 
sound/note.
Using note head pairs
Not only can you have different drum sounds displayed 
with different note heads, you can also display different 
note heads for different note values:
1.Activate the “Use Head pairs” checkbox.
The “Head Symbol” column now shows two head symbols for each drum 
sound. 
All head symbols are arranged in pairs – by default an “empty” head and 
a “filled” head. Just as with regular notes, the “empty” note heads are 
used with half notes and larger note values, and the “filled” heads are 
used with quarter notes and smaller note values.
2.To select a head pair for a drum sound/note, click in 
the Head symbol column to open the pop-up menu and 
choose the new head pair.
Customizing note head pairs
If you don’t like the default pairs of note heads, you can 
edit these:
1.Select Edit Head pairs from the Functions pop-up 
menu.
2.To change a symbol in a pair, click on it and select a 
new symbol from the pop-up menu that appears.
3.When you’re done, click Exit to close the dialog.
Editing the drum map in the score
If you activate the checkbox “Edit in Scores” in the Drum 
Map Setup dialog, you can change the settings for the 
score drum map directly in the score:
Transposing a note will change the display pitch of its 
drum sound – the actual note will not be transposed.
Double-clicking a note allows you to make note head 
settings for that drum sound.
Using the “Move to Voice” function will change the 
voice assignment of the drum sound.
ÖThis requires that you leave the Drum Map Setup dia-
log open – closing the dialog will automatically deactivate 
this option, allowing you to perform normal editing.
Option Description
Pitch This corresponds to the I-note of the sound in the drum 
map, and cannot be edited here.
Instrument The name of the drum sound in the map.
Display Note The display pitch, i.e. the pitch at which the note will be 
shown in the score. For example, you typically want all 
three hi-hat sounds to be shown on the same system line 
in the score (but with different symbols). Therefore, you 
set these to the same display pitch.
Head Symbol Clicking in this column opens a window in which you can 
select a note head symbol for the sound. If “Use Head 
Pairs” is activated in the dialog, you can select a note 
head pair instead.
Voice This allows you to make all notes with this pitch belong to 
a certain voice, so that they get e.g. a common rest han-
dling and stem direction.
!Please note that many different drum maps can be 
created for a project. Which one you get depends on 
which drum map is assigned to the edited track. 
These drum maps are totally independent of one an-
other, i.e. each pitch can have different settings in 
different drum maps. 
						

							623
Scoring for drums
Setting up a staff for drum scoring
1.Open the Score Settings–Staff page and select the 
Options tab.
2.Make sure “Use Score Drum Map” is activated.
3.If you want a single line drum staff, activate the corre-
sponding option (see “Using “Single Line Drum Staff”” on 
page 623).
4.If you want flat beams, activate the corresponding op-
tion (see “Handling beaming” on page 552).
5.If you want all stems to end at the same position, acti-
vate Fixed Stems and set a length for up/down stems.
An example of drum staff settings.
You may also want to use polyphonic voices to handle 
rest and stem separately. 
However, you can still activate the “Fixed Stems” option if you like. See 
the chapter “Polyphonic voicing” on page 536 for more information 
about polyphonic voices.
Entering and editing notes
This is like entering notes on a normal note system. How-
ever, please note:
Notes are edited using their display pitch when the 
drum map is used. This means that when you move a note 
vertically, you move it to another display pitch. What actual 
pitch it gets depends on which pitch uses the display 
pitch you now “dropped it on”.
ÖIf the drum map contains two notes with the same 
pitch (for example Open and Closed HiHat), you can get 
the second note by holding [Ctrl]/[Command].
Using “Single Line Drum Staff”
When this option is activated on the Options tab on the 
Score Settings–Staff page, there is only one line in the 
system. Furthermore, notes can only appear below the 
line, on the line and above the line.
To decide which notes go where, proceed as follows:
1.Open the Score Settings–Staff page and select the 
Options tab.
2.Activate “Use Score Drum Map” and “Single Line 
Drum Staff”.
3.Set up the two pitch values to decide which pitches 
go on the line.
Notes below this range automatically wind up below the line and notes 
above wind up above the line.
!When you enter and edit the pitch of notes on a sin-
gle line drum staff, the best way is to drag the note 
up or down while watching the mouse position box 
on the toolbar. 
						

							15
Creating tablature 
						

							625
Creating tablature
About this chapter
In this chapter you will learn:
 How to create tablature, automatically and manually.
 How to control the appearance of the tablature notes.
 How to edit tablature.
Cubase is able to produce score in tablature format. This 
can be done automatically, by “converting” recorded MIDI 
information. You can also create a tablature staff from 
scratch and enter the notes “by hand”.
Creating tablature automatically
This assumes you have a regular score on screen already. 
We also suggest you perform basic editing like quantizing 
to make the score as legible as possible as regular notes 
before converting into tablature.
1.Make sure the notes in the score are inside the range 
of the instrument.
Notes with a pitch lower than the open tuning of the lowest string cannot 
be converted.
2.Open the Score Settings–Staff page and select the 
Tablature tab.3.Select one of the predefined instruments from the 
pop-up menu.
4.Activate “Tablature Mode”.
5.If you are not using one of the predefined instruments, 
set the open tuning of each string using the value fields.
You can create tablature for up to 12 strings. To disable a string, set it to 
Off, the lowest value.
6.If you want to use a capodaster, e.g. on the forth fret, 
enter the corresponding value in the Capo field.
The tablature changes accordingly.
7.Make the desired settings for “No Stems/Rests” and 
“MIDI Channel 1
–6”.
No Stems/Rests will give you a score where the notes have no stems 
and where all the rests are hidden. The “MIDI Channel 1
–6” feature is 
described below.
8.Click Apply.
The tablature appears. You will get as many note lines as you have acti-
vated strings. All the notes will now have a fret number instead of their 
regular note heads. 
Before and after activating tablature mode.
9.Edit the score, if needed.
You can make display quantize settings, add symbols etc. as usual. How-
ever, editing the actual notes is a bit different from regular note editing. 
See below.
Using “MIDI Channel 1–6”
This feature will make notes automatically appear on the 
correct string according to their MIDI channel value.
Normally, the program automatically decides on which 
string to display a note, by looking at the pitch and then 
putting the note at the lowest possible string. You can 
then either manually move a note to the correct string, or 
use the “MIDI Channel 1
–6” option to let the program 
move the notes automatically.
!Even though we use the term “converting” in this 
chapter, please note that tablature is a mode. You 
can switch between regular notation and tablature at 
any time.