Motorola Cdm And Pro Series Detailed 68p81091c63 O Manual
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1-1 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Scope of Manual This manual is intended for use by service technicians familiar with similar types of equipment. It contains service information required for the equipment described and is current as of the printing date. Changes that occur after the printing date are incorporated by a complete manual revision or alternatively, as additions. 1.2 Warranty and Service Support Motorola offers long term suppor t for its products. This support includes full exchange and/or repair of the product during the warranty period, and service/repair or spare parts support out of warranty. Any “return for exchange” or “return for repair” by an authorized Motorola dealer must be accompanied by a warranty claim form. Warranty claim forms are obtained by contacting customer service. 1.2.1 Warranty Period The terms and conditions of warranty are defined fully in the Motorola dealer or distributor or reseller contract. These conditions may change from time to time and the following notes are for guidance purposes only. 1.2.2 Return Instructions In instances where the product is covered under a “return for replacement” or “return for repair” warranty, a check of the product should be performed prior to shipping the unit back to Motorola. This is to ensure that the product has been correctly programmed or has not been subjected to damage outside the terms of the warranty. Prior to shipping any radio back to a Motorola warranty depot, please contact the appropriate customer service for instructions. All returns must be accompanied by a warranty claim form, available from your customer services representative. Products should be shipped back in the original packaging, or correctly packaged to ensure no damage occurs in transit. 1.2.3 After Warranty Period After the Warranty period, Motorola continues to suppor t its products in two ways: Firstly, Motorolas Accessories and Aftermarket Division (ADD) offers a repair service to both end users and dealers at competitive prices. Secondly, Motorola’s service depar tment supplies individual parts and modules that can be purchased by dealers who are technically capable of performing fault analysis and repair.NOTE Before operating or testing these units, please read the Safety Information Section in the front of this manual.
1-2Related Documents 1.3 Related Documents The following documents are directly related to the use and maintainability of this product. 1.4 Technical Support Technical suppor t is available to assist the dealer/distributor and self-maintained customers in resolving any malfunction which may be encountered. Initial contact should be by telephone to customer resources wherever possible. When contacting Motorola technical suppor t, be prepared to provide the product model number and the unit’s serial number. The contact locations and telephone numbers are listed below. 1.5 Warranty and Repairs For warranty and repairs, contact Motorola Technical Support as listed below. Be prepared to provide the product model number and the unit’s serial number . Some replacement par ts, spare parts, and/or product information can be ordered directly. If a complete Motorola par t number is assigned to the part, and it is not identified as “Depot ONLY”, the par t is available from Motorola Accessories and Aftermarket Division (AAD). If no par t number is assigned, the part is not normally available from Motorola. If the part number is appended with an asterisk, the part is serviceable by a Motorola depot only. If a parts list is not included, this generally means that no user-serviceable par ts are available for that kit or assembly.Technical Suppor t the product model number and the unit’s serial number . Title Part Number Service Manual, Basic, Engl 68P81091C62 Service Manual, Basic, Engl 68P81092C71 Service Manual, Basic, Port 68P81092C73 Service Manual, Basic,Span 68P81092C72 Service Manual, Detailed, Engl 68P81091C63 Service Manual, Detailed, Por t 68P81092C76 Service Manual, Detailed, Span 68P81092C75 United States and Puerto Rico: 1-800-694-2161, Options 1, 3 Brasil: 000-811-682-0550 Colombia: 980-12-0451 Mexico: 001-800-694-2161 From other countries: (954)723-3008
Warranty and Repairs1-3 Par ts Order Entr y 7:00 A. M. to 7:00 P. M. (Central Standard Time) Monday through Friday (Chicago, U. S. A.) To Order Parts in the United States of America: 1-800-422-4210, or 847-538-8023 1-800-826-1913, or 410-712-6200 (U. S. Federal Government) TELEX: 280127 FAX: 1-847-538-8198 FAX: 1-410-712-4991 (U. S. Federal Government) (U. S. A.) after hours or weekends: 1-800-925-4357To Order Parts in Latin America and the Car- ibbean: 1-847-538-8023 Motorola Parts Accessories and Aftermarket Division (United States and Canada) Attention: Order Processing 1313 E. Algonquin Road Schaumburg, IL 60196 Accessories and Aftermarket Division Attention: Latin America and Caribbean Order Processing 1313 E. Algonquin Road Schaumburg, IL 60196 Parts Identification 1-847-538-0021 (Voice) 1-847-538-8194 (FAX) Colombia Motorola de Colombia Diagonal 127A 17-64 Santa Fe de Bogota Columbia Telefono: 1-615-5759Brazil Motorola Do Brasil Rua Bandeira Paulista, 580 Phone: (11)821-9991 Fax: (11)828-0157 Puerto Rico Motorola de Puerto Rico A BE. Chardon, Edificio Telemundo 2 Hato Rey, PR 00918 Telefono: (787)641-4100 Fax: (787)782-3685Mexico Motorola De Mexico Blvd. Manuel Avila Camacho #32, Primer Piso COL. Lomas de Chapultepec Mexico D.F. 06700 CP 11000 Mexico Phone: (5)387-0501 Fax: (5)387-0554
1-4Radio Model Chart and Specifications 1.6 Radio Model Chart and Specifications The radio model charts and specifications are located in the Basic Service Manual listed under the Related Documents paragraph of this chapter. 1.7 Radio Model Information The model number and serial number are located on a label attached to the back of your radio. You can determine the RF output power, frequency band, protocols, and physical packages from these numbers. The example below shows one portable radio model number and its specific characteristics. Table 1-1. Radio Model Number Example: AAM25RHC9AA1AN Type of UnitModel SeriesFreq. BandPower LevelPhysical PackagesChannel SpacingProtocolFeature LevelModel RevisionModel Package AA or LAM25 K VHF (136- 174MHz)H 1-25WA No Display, No Keypad9 Program- mableAA Conventional1 4FAN R UHF1 (403- 470MHz)K 25-40WC No Display Basic Key- padDU LT R2 64F S UHF2 (450- 512MHz)D 1-Line Dis- play, Lim- ited Keypad5 128F B Low Band, R1 (29.7- 36.0MHz)F 1-Line Dis- play, Stan- dard Keypad8 160F C Low Band, R2 (36.0- 42.0MHz)N 4-Line Dis- play, Enhanced Keypad D Low Band, R3 (42.0- 50.0MHz) Motorola Internal Use M = Mobile
2-1
Chapter 2
Theory of Operation
2.1 Overview
This chapter provides a detailed theory of operation for the radio and its components. The radio is
designed as a single board unit consisting of a transmitter, receiver, and controller circuits. The board
also accepts one additional option board that can provide functions such as secure voice/data, voice
storage, or a signalling decoder.
A control head mounted directly on the front of the radio or remotely connected by an extension
cable provides a user interface for controlling the various features of the radio.The control head
contains, LED indicators, microphone connector, and buttons depending on the radio type, display,
and speaker.
If a control head is not mounted directly on the front of the radio, an expansion board containing
circuits for special applications can be mounted in its place on the front of the radio. An additional
control head may be connected using an extension cable.
The rear of the radio provides connections for a power, antenna, and accessory cable. The
accessory cable provides connections for items such as an external speaker, emergency switch, foot
operated PTT, and ignition sensing, etc.
2.2 Controller
The radio controller, shown in Figure 2-1, is divided into three main functions:
nDigital control
nAudio processing
nVoltage regulation.
The digital control section of the radio consists of a microprocessor (µP), suppor t memory, suppor t
logic, signal MUX ICs, on/off circuit, and general purpose input/output circuits.
Figure 2-1. Controller Block Diagram
External
Microphone
External
Speaker
Internal
Speaker
SCI to
Control Head Audio
PA Audio/Signalling To SynthesizerModOut16.8 MHz
Reference Clock
from Synthesizer
Recovered Audio
To R F S e c t i o nSPI
DigitalµP Clock
5V
Regulator
(5VD)RAM
EEPROM
FLASHHC11FL0 ASFIC_CMP
Accessory & 5V
from Synthesizer
Section (5V_RF)
Connector
2-2Theory of Operation 2.2.1 Radio Power Distribution The dc power distribution throughout the radio board is shown in Figure 2-2. Voltage regulation for the controller is provided by four separate devices: nU0651 (MC78M05) +5 volts nU0641 (LM2941) +9.3 volts nU0611 (LM2941) +12 volts nVSTBY 5V (a combination of R0621 and VR0621) nAdditional 5 volt regulator located in the RF section. The dc voltage applied to connector J0601 supplies power directly to the following: nElectronic on/off control nRF power amplifier n12 volt regulator n9.3 volt regulator nAudio PA n5.6 volt stabilization circuit n9.3 volt regulator (U0641) supplies power to the 5 volt regulator (U0651) and 6 volt voltage divider Q0681 Regulator U0641 generates the 9.3 volts required by some audio circuits, the RF and power control circuits. Input and output capacitors C0641 and C0644 / C0645 are used to reduce high frequency noise. Resistors R0642 / R0643 set the output voltage of the regulator. If the voltage at pin 1 is greater than 1.3 volts the regulator output decreases and if the voltage is less than 1.3 volts the regulator output increases. This regulator output is enabled by a 0 volt signal on pin 2. Transistors Q0661, Q0641, and R0641 are used to disable the regulator when the radio is turned off. Voltage regulator U0651 provides 5 volts operating voltage for the digital circuits. Operating voltage is from the regulated 9.3volts supply. Input and output capacitors (C0651 / C0652 and C0654 / C0655) reduce high frequency noise and provide proper operation during battery transients. Voltage sense device U0652 or alternatively U0653 provides a reset output that goes to 0 volts if the regulator output goes below 4.5 volts. This resets the controller to prevent improper operation. Diode D0651 prevents discharge of C0652 by negative spikes on the 9.3 volt supply. Transistor Q0681 and resistors R0681 / R0682 divide the regulated 9.3 volts down to about 6 volts. This voltage supplies the 5 volt regulator, located on the RF section. By reducing the supply voltage of the regulator, the power dissipation is divided between the RF section and the controller section. The VSTBY signal, derived directly from the supply voltage by components R0621 and VR0621, buffers the internal RAM. Capacitor C0622 allows the battery voltage to be disconnected for several seconds without losing RAM information. Dual diode D0621 prevents radio circuits from discharging this capacitor. When the supply voltage is applied to the radio, C0622 is charged via R0621 and D0621. When the radio is switched on, the µP enters the wrong mode if the voltage across C0622 is still too low. The regulated 5 volts charges C0622 via diode D0621.
Theory of Operation2-3 Figure 2-2. DC Power Distribution Block Diagram The INT SW B+ voltage from switching transistor Q0661 provides power to the circuit controlling the audio PA output. The voltage is monitored by the µP through voltage divider R0671/R0672 and the line battery voltage. Diode VR0671 limits the divided voltage to 5.6 volts to protect the µP. Regulator U0611 generates the voltage for the switched supply voltage output (SWB+) at accessory connector J0501, pin 13. U0611 operates as a switch with voltage and current limit. Resistors R0611/R0612 set the maximum output voltage to 16.5 volts. This limitation is only active at high supply voltage levels. The regulator output is enabled by a 0 volt signal at Q0661, pin 2. Q0641 and R0641 disable the regulator when the radio is turned off. Input and output capacitors C0603 and C0611/C0612 reduce high frequency noise. Diode VR0601 protects against transients and reverse polarity of the supply voltage. 2.2.2 Automatic On/Off The radio software and/or external triggers turn the radio on or off without direct user action. For example, automatic turn on when ignition is sensed and off when ignition is off. Q0661 provides the INT SW B+ voltage to the various radio circuits and to enable the voltage regulators via transistor Q0641 which contains a pnp and an npn transistor that provide an electronic on/off switch. The switch is on when the collector of the npn transistor within Q0661 is low. When the radio is off the collector is at supply voltage level. This effectively prevents current flow from emitter to collector of the pnp transistor. When the radio is turned on the voltage at the base of the npn transistor is pulled high and the pnp transistor switches on (saturation). With the INT SWB+ voltage now at supply voltage level, transistor Q0641 pulls pin 2 of the voltage regulators U0611 and U 0641 to ground level, enabling their outputs. The electronic on/off circuits are enabled by the µP through ASFIC CMP por t GCB2, line DC POWER ON, emergency switch (line EMERGENCY CONTROL), the mechanical On/Off/Volume knob on the control head (line ON OFF CONTROL), or the ignition sense circuits (line IGNITION CONTROL). If any of the four paths cause a low at the collector of the npn transistor within Q0661, the electronic ON is engaged. VCOBIC FRACTN VSTBY 5V_RF 9V3 FLT_A+ 5VD SWB+ Option Board 40 Pin Connector PA, Driver Antenna SwitchControl Head 12 Pin Connector Accessories 20 Pin ConnectorJ0601 13.2V PASUPVLTG FLT_A+12V Regulator ON / OFF Control ASFIC_CMP 5.6VIgnition Emergency ON/OFF 9.3V Regulator Audio PA 6V Regulator5V Regulator 5VD 5V Regulator5V/ VDDA MCU µP, R A M , FLASH & EEPROM PCIC, TX Amp Te m p S e n s e RX RF Amp IF Amp
2-4Theory of Operation 2.2.3 Emergency The emergency switch (J0501, pin 9), when engaged, grounds the base of Q0662 via the EMERGENCY CONTROL line. This switches Q0662 off and resistor R0662 pulls the collector of Q0662 and the base of Q0663 to levels above two volts. Transistor Q0663 then switches on and pulls the collector of the npn transistor within Q0661 to ground level This enables the voltage regulators via Q0641. When the emergency switch is released, R0541 pulls the base of Q0662 up to 0.6 volts causing the collector of transistor Q0662 to go low (0.2 volts), switching Q0663 off. While the radio is on, the µP monitors the voltage at the emergency input on the accessory connector via pin 60 and the GP5 IN ACC9 line. Three different conditions can exit: no emergency, emergency, and open connection to the emergency switch. If no emergency switch is connected or the connection to the emergency switch is broken, the resistive divider R0541/R0512 sets the voltage to about 4.7 volts. If an emergency switch is connected, a resistor to ground within the emergency switch reduces the voltage on line GP5 IN ACC9 to inform the µP that the emergency switch is operational. An engaged emergency switch pulls line GP5 IN ACC9 to ground level. Diode D0179 limits the voltage to protect the µP input. While the EMERGENCY CONTROL signal is low and INT SW B+ is on, the µP star ts execution, reads that the emergency input is active through the voltage level of line GP5 IN ACC9, and sets the DC POWER ON output of the ASFIC CMP, pin 13 to a logic high. This keeps Q0661 and Q0641 switched to allow a momentary press of the emergency switch to power up the radio. When the µP has finished processing the emergency press, it sets the DC POWER ON line to a logic 0. This turns off Q0661 and the radio turns off. Notice that the µP is alerted to the emergency condition via line GP5 IN ACC9. If the radio is already on when the emergency is triggered, the DC POWER ON signal is already high. 2.2.4 Mechanical On/Off This refers to the on/off/volume knob located on the control head which is used to turn the radio on and off and control the volume. If the radio is turned off and the on/off/volume knob is pressed, line ON OFF CONTROL (J0401, pin 11) goes high and switches the radio’s voltage regulators on as long as the button is pressed. The µP is alerted through line ON OFF SENSE (U0101, pin 6) which is pulled to low by Q0110 while the on/ off/volume knob is pressed. In addition, an interrupt is generated at µP, pin 96. The µP asser ts line DC POWER ON via ASFIC CMP, pin 13 high which keeps the radio switched on. The µP switches the radio off by setting DC POWER ON to low via ASFIC CMP pin 13. 2.2.5 Ignition Ignition sense prevents the radio from draining the vehicle’s battery because the engine is not running. When the IGNITION input (J0501, pin 10) goes above 5 volts, Q0661 is turned on via line IGNITION CONTROL. Q0661 turns on INT SW B+ and the voltage regulators by turning on Q0641 and the µP star ts execution. The µP is aler ted through line GP6 IN ACC10. While the on/off button is pressed, a high signal turns Q0181 on, which pulls µP, pin 74 to low. If the software detects a low state it asser ts DC POWER ON via ASFIC, pin 13 high which keeps Q0661 and Q0641 and the radio switched on. When the IGNITION input goes below 3 volts, Q0181 switches off and R0181 pulls µP, pin 74 to high. This alerts the software to switch off the radio by setting DC POWER ON to low. The next time the IGNITION input goes above 5 volts the above process is repeated.
Theory of Operation2-5 2.2.6 Microprocessor Clock Synthesizer The clock source for the µP system is generated by the ASFIC CMP (U0221). Upon power-up the synthesizer IC (FRAC-N) generates a 16.8 MHz waveform that is routed from the RF section to the ASFIC CMP, pin 34. For the main board controller the ASFIC CMP uses 16.8 MHz as a reference input clock signal for its internal synthesizer. The ASFIC CMP, in addition to the audio circuit, has a programmable synthesizer which can generate a synthesized signal ranging from 1200Hz to 32.769MHz in 1200Hz steps. When power is first applied, the ASFIC CMP generates its default 3.6864MHz CMOS square wave UP CLK (on U0221, pin 28) and this is routed to the µP (U0101, pin 90). After the µP star ts operation, it reprograms the ASFIC CMP clock synthesizer to a higher UP CLK frequency (usually 7.3728 or 14.7456 MHz) and continues operation. The ASFIC CMP may be reprogrammed to change the clock synthesizer frequencies at various times depending on the software features that are executing. In addition, the clock frequency of the synthesizer is changed in small amounts if there is a possibility of harmonics of this clock source interfering with the desired radio receive frequency. The ASFIC CMP synthesizer loop uses C0245, C0246 and R0241 to set the switching time and jitter of the clock output. If the synthesizer cannot generate the required clock frequency it switches back to its default 3.6864MHz output. Because the ASFIC CMP synthesizer and the µP do not operate without the 16.8 MHz reference clock, the synthesizer and the voltage regulators should be checked first in debugging the system. The µP uses crystal oscillator Y0131 and associated components to form a real time clock used to display the time on control heads (with display) or as time stamp for incoming calls or messages. The real time clock is powered from the voltage VSTBY to keep running while the radio is switched off. If the radio is disconnected from the supply voltage, the time must be reset. 2.2.7 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) The µP communicates to many of the IC’s through its SPI por t. This por t consists of SPI TRANSMIT DATA (MOSI) (U0101, pin 100), SPI RECEIVE DATA (MISO) (U0101, pin 99), SPI CLK (U0101, pin 1) and chip select lines going to the various ICs. The BUS is a synchronous bus, in that the timing clock signal CLK is sent while SPI data (SPI TRANSMIT or RECEIVE) is sent. Therefore, whenever there is activity on either SPI TRANSMIT DATA or SPI RECEIVE DATA there should be a uniform signal on CLK. The SPI TRANSMIT DATA sends serial data from the µP to a device, and SPI RECEIVE DATA is sends data from a device to the µP. On the controller there are two ICs on the SPI BUS: ASFIC CMP (U0221, pin 22), and EEPROM (U0111, pin 5). In the RF section there are two ICs on the SPI BUS: FRAC-N Synthesizer, and the Power Control IC (PCIC). The SPI TRANSMIT DATA and CLK lines going to the RF section are filtered by L0481/R0481 and L0482/R0482 to minimize noise. The chip select line CSX from U0101, pin 2 is shared by the ASFIC CMP, FRAC-N Synthesizer, and PCIC. Each of these IC‘s check the SPI data and when the sent address information matches the IC’s address, the data that follows is processed. The chip select lines for the EEPROM (EE CS), voice storage (VS CS), expansion board (EXP1 CS, EXP2 CS) and option board (OPT CS) are decoded by the address decoder U0141. When the µP needs to program any of these IC’s it brings the chip select line CSX to a logic 0 and then sends the proper data and clock signals. The amount of data sent varies, for example the ASFIC CMP can receive up to 19 bytes (152 bits) while the PCIC can receive up to 6 bytes (48 bits). After the data is sent, the chip select line is returned to logic 1.
2-6Theory of Operation The option board interfaces are different in that the µP can also read data back from devices connected.The timing and operation of this interface is specific to the option connected, but the general pattern is as follows: nOption board generates a service request via J0551, pin 29, line RDY, and µP, pin 79 nThe main board asser ts a chip select for that option board via U0141,pin 14, line OPT CS, J0551,pin 30 nThe main board µP generates the CLK (J0551, pin 3) nThe main board µP writes serial data via J0551, pin 15 and reads serial data via J0551, pin 16 nWhen data transfer is complete the main board terminates the chip select and CLK activity 2.2.8 SBEP Serial Interface The SBEP serial interface allows the radio to communicate with the Customer Programming Software (CPS), or the universal tuner via the Radio Interface Box (RIB). This interface connects to the microphone connector via control head connector (J0401, pin 8) or to the accessory connector J0401, pin 17 and comprises BUS+. The line is bi-directional, meaning that either the radio or the RIB can drive the line. The µP sends serial data via pin 98 and D0101 and it reads serial data via pin 97. Whenever the µP detects activity on the BUS+ line, it star ts communication. In addition, the SBEP serial interface is used to communicate with a connected control head. When a control head key is pressed or the volume knob is rotated, the line ON OFF CONTROL goes high. This turns on transistor Q0110 which pulls line ON OFF SENSE and µP, pin 6 to ground level. In addition, an interrupt is generated via R0109 (for SELECT 5 / MDC models) or R0128, U0125, pins 17/26 (for MPT models) and µP, pin 96. This indicates that the control head wants to star t SBEP communication. The µP then reads the registers of the Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) U0125 to determine whether the interrupt source was the control head or the UART (MPT models only). If the interrupt source was from the control head, the µP requests the data from the control head. The control head star ts sending and after all data has been sent, the ON OFF CONTROL line goes low. The control head ignores any data on BUS+ during SBEP communication with the CPS or universal tuner. 2.2.9 General Purpose Input/Output The controller provides eight general purpose lines (DIG1 through DIG8) available on the accessory connector J0501 to interface the external options. Lines DIG IN 1,3,5,6, are inputs, DIG OUT 2 is an output and DIG IN OUT 4,7,8 are bidirectional. The software and the hardware of the radio model define the function of each por t. DIG IN 1 can be used as external PTT input or others, set by the CPS. The µP reads this port via pin 77 and Q0171. DIG OUT 2 can be used as normal output or external alarm output, set by the CPS. Transistor Q0173 is controlled by the µP via ASFIC CMP, pin 14. DIG IN 3 is read by µP, pin 63 via resistor R0176 DIG IN 5 can be used as normal input or emergency input, set by the CPS. The µP reads this por t via R0179 and µP, pin 60. Diode D0179 limits the voltage to protect the µP input. DIG IN 6 can be used as normal input, set by the CPS. The µP reads this por t via, pin 74 and Q0181. DIG IN OUT 4,7,8 are bidirectional and use the same circuit configuration. Each port uses an output transistor Q0177, Q0183, Q0185 controlled by µP, pins 46, 47, 53. The ports are read by µP, pins 75, 54, 76. To use one of the ports as input the µP must turn off the corresponding output transistor. In addition the signals from DIG IN 1, DIG IN OUT 4 are fed to the option board connector J0551 and the expansion board connector J0451.