Motorola Astro Xts5000 Detailed 6881094c31 E Manual
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November 16, 20066881094C31-E xxxPortable Radio Model Numbering System Notes
Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 General This manual includes all the information needed to maintain peak product performance and maximum working time for the ASTRO XTS 5000 radio. This detailed level of service (component level) is typical of the service performed by some service centers, self-maintained customers, and distributors. Use this manual in conjunction with the ASTRO XTS 5000 VHF/UHF Range 1/700–800 MHz Digital Portable Radios Basic Service Manual (Motorola part number 6881094C28), which can help in troubleshooting a problem to a particular printed circuit (PC) board. Conduct the basic performance checks outlined in the basic service manual first to verify the need to analyze the radio and to help pinpoint the functional problem area. In addition, you will become familiar with the radio test mode of operation, which is a helpful tool. If any basic receive or transmit parameters fail to be met, the radio should be aligned according to the radio alignment procedure. Included in other areas of this manual are functional block diagrams, detailed theory of operation, troubleshooting charts and waveforms, schematics, and parts lists. You should become familiar with these sections to aid in determining circuit problems. Also included are component location diagrams to aid in locating individual circuit components and some IC diagrams, which identify some convenient probe points. “Chapter 3, Theory of Operation,” on page 3-1, contains detailed descriptions of the operations of many circuits. Once you locate the problem area, review the troubleshooting flowchart for that circuit to fix the problem.
November 16, 20066881094C31-E 1-2Introduction: Notations Used in This Manual 1.2 Notations Used in This Manual Throughout the text in this publication, you will notice the use of warnings, cautions, and notes. These notations are used to emphasize that safety hazards exist, and care must be taken and observed. NOTE:An operational procedure, practice, or condition that is essential to emphasize. CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, might result in equipment damage. WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or injury. DANGER indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or injury. ! C a u t i o n ! W A R N I N G ! D A N G E R !
Chapter 2 Radio Power This chapter provides a detailed circuit description of the power distribution of an ASTRO XTS 5000 radio. 2.1 General In the ASTRO XTS 5000 radio, power (B+) is distributed to two boards: the transceiver (RF) board and the VOCON board (see Figure 2-1 on page 2-2 for UHF Range 1 (R1) and 700–800 MHz, and Figure 2-2 on page 2-2 for VHF). For kit NNTN5567, the VOCON board supplies VSW1, regulated 3.6Vdc, from the MAKO switching regulator to the XCVR. In the case of a secure model radio, B+ is also supplied to the encryption module. Power for the radio is provided through a battery supplying a nominal 7.5 Vdc directly to the transceiver. The following battery types and capacities are available: Table 2-1. Conventional Batteries Part NumberDescription NTN8294 1525 NiCd, Ultra-High Capacity NTN8295 1525 NiCd High-Capacity Factory Mutual (FM) Intrinsically Safe NTN8297 1525 NiCd High-Capacity Factory Mutual (FM) Intrinsically Safe, Rugged NTN8299 1750 NiMH Ultra-Capacity FM NTN8610 1650 Lithium Ion NTN8923 1800 NiMH Ultra-Capacity NTN9177 Battery Holder, Clamshell, Black NTN9183 Battery Holder, Clamshell, Orange RNN4006 3000 NiMH RNN4007 3000 NiMH FM Table 2-2. Smart Batteries Part NumberDescription HNN9031 1525 NiCd Smart HNN9032 1525 NiCd Smart FM NNTN4435_R 1800 mAh, NiMH Smart NNTN4436 1750 NiMH Smart FM (VHF use only)
November 16, 20066881094C31-E 2-2Radio Power: General Figure 2-1. DC Power Distribution—UHF Range 1 and 700–800 MHz Radios Figure 2-2. DC Power Distribution—VHF and Range 2 Radios Battery 7.5 Volts (Nominal)RF Board J1 BATT Fuse RAW B+ V5A 5 Volts SW_B+ (control signal) 3VA1.55V 3 Volts Analog Circuits3 Volts Digital CircuitsFB+ P1UNSW_B+ VCC55 Volts FET GCAP II SW_B+ 3.8 V (VSW1) 1.55 Volts (VSW_1.55)1.875 Volts (VSW2) 3 Volts (VREF)3 Volts (V2) VOCON Board P201 MAEPF-27419-A Battery 7.5 Volts (Nominal)RF Board J1 BATT Fuse RAW B+ V3A 3 Volts Analog Circuits5 Volts SW_B+ (control signal) V3BV3D 3 Volts Misc. Supply3 Volts Digital CircuitsV5AFB+ P1UNSW_B+ VCC55 Volts VOCON Board P201 MAEPF-27520-A 1.55VFET GCAP II SW_B+ 3.8 V (VSW1) 1.55 Volts (VSW_1.55)1.875 Volts (VSW2) 3 Volts (VREF)3 Volts (V2)
6881094C31-ENovember 16, 2006 Radio Power: General2-3 Figure 2-3. DC Power Distribution—UHF Range 1 and 700–800 MHz Radios (for NNTN5567) Figure 2-4. DC Power Distribution—VHF and Range 2 Radios (for NNTN5567) B+ from the battery is electrically switched to most of the radio, rather than routed through the On/ Off/volume control knob, S1. The electrical switching of B+ supports a keep-alive mode. Under software control, even when the On/Off/volume control knob has been turned to the Off position, power remains on until the MCU completes its power-down, at which time the radio is physically powered down. 7.5 Volts (Nominal)RF Board VOCON Board UNSW_B+ FB+ P1P201 Analog Circuits Digital Circuits Battery J1 BATT Fuse V5A 5 Volts SW_B+ 3 VoltsVSW1 DriverFETSW_B+ MAKO 3.6 Volts (VSW1)1.55 Volts (V1.55)5 Volts (VCC5) 1.875 Volts (V1.875)2.9 Volts (V_2.9) 3 Volts (Control Signal)RAW B+ 3.8V (VSW 1) 7.5 Volts (Nominal)RF Board VOCON Board UNSW_B+ FB+ P1P201 Misc. Supply Digital Circuits Battery J1 BATT Fuse V5A 5 Volts SW_B+ 3 VoltsVSW1 DriverFETSW_B+ MAKO 3.6 Volts (VSW1)1.55 Volts (V1.55)5 Volts (VCC5) 1.875 Volts (V1.875)2.9 Volts (V_2.9) 3 Volts (Control Signal)RAW B+ 3.8V (VSW 1) V3B V3DV3A Analog Circuits3 Volts
November 16, 20066881094C31-E 2-4Radio Power: DC Power Routing—Transceiver Board 2.2 DC Power Routing—Transceiver Board NOTE:Refer to Table 8-1, “List of Transceiver Schematics and Board Overlays,” on page 8-1 for a listing of schematics showing the transceiver board DC power routing components. Connector J1, the B-plus assembly, connects the battery to the transceiver board. Capacitors C1, C2, and C3 provide protection against momentary breaks at the B-plus connector due to contact bounce when the radio is dropped. UHF R1 and 700–800 MHz: Components C5, E4, C7, and E1 form a power-line filter for signal RAWB+, which supplies battery voltage to the transmitter PA. UHF R2 and VHF: Component E1 forms a power-line filter for signal RAWB+, which supplies battery voltage to the transmitter PA. Transistor Q1, controlled by signal SWB+ (SB+ for VHF) from the VOCON board, turns on XB+, which supplies to the 5-V linear regulator and TX_ALC block. Fuse F901 and filter C11, L1, C10 (C14, L1, C13 for VHF) supply fused B-plus to the VOCON board. In turn, the VOCON board supplies VSW1, regulated 3.8 Vdc, from the Global Control Audio and Power (GCAP) switching regulator to the XCVR. Switch Q99 (Q503 for VHF), controlled by SWB+, turns on V38 to the XCVR 3-V linear regulators. For kit NNTN5567, the Vocon board supplies VSW1, regulated 3.6Vdc, from the Mako switching regulator to the XCVR. The XCVR regulated power supplies are summarized in Table 2-3. 2.3 DC Power Routing—VOCON Board NOTE:Refer to Table 8-2, “List of VOCON Schematics and Board Overlays,” on page 8-1 for a listing of schematics showing the VOCON board DC power routing components. Raw B+, or unswitched B+, (UNSW_B+) is routed to connector P1 on the transceiver board, and then on to P201 on the VOCON board. Here the UNSW B+ is forwarded to the radio’s control top On/Off/volume knob through connector J101 and a flex circuit, as well as to regulator U505 (VCC5). The On/Off/volume knob controls B+SENSE to Q502, which in turn controls Q501. Transistor Q501 is a solid-state power switch that provides SW B+ to the VOCON board, the audio PA, the GCAP II IC (via GCAP_B+), and back to the transceiver board. In NNTN5567, the control signal, FET_ENX, for the power MOSFET is generated by the MAKO IC upon applying B+ sense to the BJT switch. The MOSFET provides SW B+ to the VOCON board, MAKO IC, audio power amplifier, and transceiver board.Table 2-3. Transceiver Voltage Regulators Ref. Desig.IC NameOutput Signal NameDescription U1 LP2989 V5A Regulated 5.0 Vdc U2 LP3985 V3D Regulated 3.0 Vdc digital U3 LP3985 V3A UHF R1 and 700–800 MHz: Regulated 3.0 Vdc analog for the RX FE UHF R2 and VHF: Regulated 3.0 Vdc analog for synthesizer U5 LP3985 V3B UHF R2 and VHF only: Regulated 3.0 Vdc miscellaneous supply
6881094C31-ENovember 16, 2006 Radio Power: DC Power Routing—VOCON Board 2-5 In the case of a secure radio model, SW B+ and UNSW B+ are also supplied to the encryption module through connector J701. Transistor Q501 is also under the control of the microcontroller unit (MCU) via Vref from U501. This allows the MCU to follow an orderly power-down sequence when it senses that B+SENSE is off. This sense is provided through MECH_SW_BAR (inverted B+SENSE, see Q508). In NNTN5567, the MCU detects that B+SENSE is off when MECH_SW (inverted B+SENSE) is asserted high. This is communicated to the MCU by the MAKO IC (U501) through the serial peripheral interface (SPI) The digital circuits in the VOCON board are powered from regulators located in the GCAP II IC (U501), an external 5 Vdc regulator (VCC5, U505), and an external 1.55 Vdc regulator (VSW_1.55V, on NNTN4717 VOCON kit only). The GCAP II IC provides three supplies: VSW1, VSW2, and V2. These regulators are software programmable. Table 2-4 lists the supply voltages and the circuits that use these voltages. In NNTN5567, the digital circuits in the VOCON board are powered from the regulators in the MAKO IC(U501). MAKO IC provides five supplies: VSW1, V_2.9, VCC5, V1.55, and V1.875. VSW1 is controlled by the MAKO IC, but uses an external driver to source the current from SW B+. V_2.9, V1.55 and V1.875 are software programmable. Table 2-4. VOCON Board DC Power Distribution (for kits: NTN9564, NNTN4563, NNTN4819 & NNTN4717.) Supply NameOutput Vo l ta g eSupply TypeUnprogrammed Output VoltageCircuits Supplied UNSW_B+ 9 to 6 Vdc 7.5 Vdc nominalBattery N/A VCC5 input Mechanical switch Power switch (FET) Secure module Real-time clock battery SW_B+ 9 to 6 Vdc 7.5 Vdc nominalBattery N/A VSW1 input (GCAP) Audio power amplifier Side connector SW_B+ to transceiver board GCAP IC Secure module USB circuitry VCC5 5Vdc Linear RegulatorN/A Smart battery circuitry Int. / ext. microphone bias Audio preamplifier Flipper IC Keypad / Display LEDs VSW1 3.8 Vdc Switching regulator software progammable3.2 Vdc 3-V regulators (RF) VSW2 input V2 input VSW2 1.8 Vdc Switching regulator software progammable2.2 Vdc Patriot core FLASH IC SRAM Display (only on NTN9564 VOCON board)
November 16, 20066881094C31-E 2-6Radio Power: DC Power Routing—VOCON Board V2 3 Vdc* 2.9 Vdc**Linear regulator software progammable2.775 Vdc Patriot I/O ring Flipper IC EEPOT Display 16.8 MHz buffer VSW_1_55V 1.55 Vdc Linear regulatorN/A Patriot core (only on NNTN4717 VOCON board) * = NTN9564,NNTN4563 & NNTN4819 VOCON kits ** = NNTN4717 VOCON kit Table 2-5. VOCON Board DC Power Distribution (for kit: NNTN5567) Supply NameOutput Vo l ta g eSupply TypeUnprogrammed Output VoltageCircuits Supplied UNSW_B+ 6 to 9 Vdc 7.5Vdc nominalBattery N/A Mechanical Switch; Power Switch; Secure Module SW_B+ 6 to 9 Vdc 7.5Vdc nominalBattery N/A VSW1 Driver; Audio power amplifier; SW_B+ to transceiver board; MAKO IC; Secure Module; VCC5 input VCC5 5V dc Linear regulatorN/A Smart battery circuitry; Int./ ext. microphone bias; Display LEDs VSW1 3.6V dc Switching regulator software programmableN/A 3-V regulators (RF); MAKO VSW2 input; V1.875 1.875 Vdc Linear regulator software programmable1.875 Vdc Dual-core processors external memory interface; FLASH IC; SRAM V1.55 1.55 Vdc Linear regulator software programmable1.55 Vdc Dual-core processor core V_2.9 2.9 Vdc Linear regulator software programmable2.775 Vdc Dual-core processors I/O ring; Digital-support circuitry; Display; 16.8MHz buffer; 32.768kHz buffer Table 2-4. VOCON Board DC Power Distribution (for kits: NTN9564, NNTN4563, NNTN4819 & NNTN4717.) Supply NameOutput Vo l ta g eSupply TypeUnprogrammed Output VoltageCircuits Supplied
Chapter 3 Theory of Operation This chapter provides a detailed circuit description of the ASTRO XTS 5000 transceiver and VOCON boards. When reading the theory of operation, refer to the appropriate schematic and component location diagrams located in the back of this manual. This detailed theory of operation can help isolate the problem to a particular component. The ASTRO XTS 5000 radio is a dual-mode (digital/analog), microcontroller-based transceiver incorporating a digital signal processor (DSP). The microcontroller handles the general radio control, monitors status, and processes commands input from the keypad or other user controls. The DSP processes the typical analog signals, and generates the standard signaling digitally to provide compatibility with existing analog systems. In addition, the DSP provides digital modulation techniques, utilizing voice encoding techniques with error correction schemes. This provides the user with enhanced range and audio quality, all in a reduced bandwidth channel requirement. It allows embedded signaling, which can mix system information and data with digital voice to support a multitude of system features. The three ASTRO XTS 5000 radio models (I, II, and III) are available in the VHF (136 to 174 MHz), UHF Range 1 (380 to 470 MHz), UHF Range 2 (450 to 520 MHz), and 700–800 MHz (764 to 870 MHz) frequency bands. The ASTRO XTS 5000 radio (Figure 3-1) consists of the following: • Band-dependent transceiver (RF) board • Vocoder/controller (VOCON) board • Universal flex assembly • Display and keypad assemblies (Models II and III only) • Encryption board (secure models only) Universal Flex External Accessory Connector (Side Connector, Controls, LEDs, Speaker, Microphone) Note:indicates 26wires VOCON BoardTransceiver Board Encryption Module (Optional)7.5V Batter y KeypadAntenna Display 3 26 40 22 26 2240 13 J301J107 J701 J101P1 J1 P101P201 J2 J3 MAEPF-27277-O