Kenwood Ts-2000x All Mode Multi-band Transceiver Service Manual

							11
TS-2000/X
HF Receiver System and Main IF System
Three antenna terminals used for the HF and 50MHz
band reception are ANT1, ANT2 and HF RX ANT.
After the incoming signal from ANT1 and ANT2 passes
through the transmission/reception changeover relay in the
filter unit (X51-315), and is sent to the HFRX terminal of the
TX-RX unit (X57-605).  There is an HF RX ANT terminal there,
and one of the antennas can be selected from the menu for
reception .
The HF RX ANT terminal is used to connect a dedicated
HF-band low-band receiving antenna, such as a Beverage
antenna, and operates at frequencies up to 30MHz.  (If an
antenna, such as a solid wire antenna, is connected to this
terminal, unwanted radio signals in the shack may be picked
up.  It is recommended that a 50 (coaxial cable be used for
routing in the shack.)
The signal passes through an RF ATT, an image filter and
a limiter for surge absorption and enters the RF BPF for both
transmission and reception.  The division of the RF BPF is in
the range shown in the block diagram.  For 6.9~7.5MHz,
13.9~14.5MHz and 49~54MHz, a dedicated BPF (adjustable
type) is used and  particularly effective for eliminating un-
wanted signals in the low band.  Other BPFs (non-adjustable
type) are designed as circuits with independent armature
bands, except that the 24MHz and 28MHz bands are
shared.  Signals pass through these BPFs at the time of
transmission, so they are useful for producing radio signals
with little radiation.
Although the conventional RF ATT had an attenuation
level of 20dB, the attenuation level of the current RF ATT is
12dB.  It can, however, be changed to approximately 20dB
by removing the jumper (CN2) near the ATT within the unit.
The pre-amplifier (Q12, Q705) have been changed to a
power MOS FET from the combination of the conventional
cascade amplifier and MOS FET amplifier.  This element is a
FET that is  used in a younger stage for transmission and hasexcellent large input characteristics.  The actual circuit con-
tains two amplifiers using this FET.  Large input characteris-
tics with a low gain are given priority on the low band (Q12)
with respect to 21.5MHz, and sensitivity is  given priority on
the high band (Q705).  circuit on the low band side bordering
21.5 MHz favoring a gain with moderately large input char-
acteristics and that on the hybrid side (Q705) favoring .
When the pre-amplifier is off, the signal from the RF BPF
enters the receiving first mixer (Q7~Q10) in the next stage
as it is.
The receiving first mixer circuit uses a double balance
type mixer with four joint type FETs.  The signal is converted
to the first IF frequency by the first local oscillator signal.
The TS-2000S has  adopted a method that changes the first
IF frequency according to the receive frequency.  For this
reason, it has two sets of roofing filters (MCF) that deter-
mine the selectivity of the first IF.  Table 1 shows the rela-
tionship between the receive frequency and the first IF fre-
quency.   The central frequencies for the reception and
transmission of the first IF frequency are different from each
other by 100kHz because the transmission and reception is
performed simultaneously during satellite communication.
–12dBAT T
LPF L1
TX-RX 1 (X57-605 A/9)
HPFBPF
1.705~2.5MHz
49.0~54.0MHz D12D13
BPFD33 D34 30kHz~1.705MHz
1.705MHz~
60MHz D7 D8 D10
D11
RF BPF
D38 D39
D705D704 PRE AMP
Q12
30kHz~21.5MHz
ANT1 ANT2HF RX ANT
Q705
21.5MHz~60MHz
D35
D36 1st Mixer
Q7~Q10
XF1
69.085MHz
XF2
75.925MHz
X51-315
FILTERX57-605
TX-RX1
Q18 2nd Mixer
Q19,Q20
D42 D41 10.695
MHz
Q13
LO1HF
75.955~
129.085MHz
RX/TX frequency (MHz)RX 1st IF (MHz) TX 1st IF (MHz)
  0.03~  9.0 75.925 75.825
  9.0  ~17.0 69.085 68.985
17.0  ~24.0 75.925 75.825
24.0  ~26.0 69.085 68.985
26.0  ~30.0 75.925 75.825
30.0  ~37.0 69.085 68.985
37.0  ~49.0 75.925 75.825
49.0  ~60.0 69.085 68.985
Table 13 RX frequency and 1st IF frequency
Fig. 3
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION 
						

							12
TS-2000/X
The signal is then amplified by the first IF amplifier (Q18)
and is converted to the second IF frequency of 10.695MHz
in the second receive mixers (Q19, 20).  The tuning fre-
quency of each stage,  the second local oscillator frequency
and others are changed according to the receive frequency
to respond to the changeover of the previously stated first IF
frequency.
A circuit for changing over the IF signal from the units of
the VHF, UHF and 1.2GHz bands and IF signal from the HF
band is provided on the output side of the second receive
mixer.  That is, the circuits following this stage are com-
monly used circuits, regardless of the receive frequency on
the main side.
In addition, there is a semi-fixed volume (VR4) on the out-
put side of the first receive mixer.  The volume is used to
eliminate the gain differential generated due to the
changeover of the first IF frequency.
The signal for the noise blanker is extracted from this
point by passing through Q22.  The noise blanker circuit is
based on the same principle of operation as the conven-
tional one, but can change the threshold level by changing
the emitter potential of the noise detection stage (Q29).
The 10.695MHz signal is amplified by Q26 which also
serves as a noise blanker gate circuit and passes through a
10.695MHz IF filter.   It has three bandwidths, 2.7kHz, 6kHz
and through, and when it is combined with the 455kHz filter
group, the same continuous band change function (analog IF
throughput: operation in modes other than FM) as in con-ventional analog devices is implemented.  The band in this
analog stage does not affect the operation of the digital IF
filter in the IF DSP and is automatically set to the optimum
band for removing unwanted signals outside the band.
Then, the signal is converted to the third IF frequency of
455kHz in the third receive mixer (Q700, 701).  The 455kHz
filter has three bandwidths: 2.7kHz, 9kHz and 15kHz.  In FM
mode (main band side) the 15kHz filter is selected for WIDE
and the 9kHz filter is selected for NARROW, and signals
passing through the filter are sent to the FM IC (ICI), ampli-
fied and detected.  IC1 processes squelch, S meter, etc.
As a characteristic operation in this stage, a tuning error
detection voltage for the ALT function operating in the
1.2GHz band FM mode is generated.   It utilizes the DC volt-
age that is overlapped with the ICI detection output.
In a mode other than FM, the receive signal is amplified
by the next third IF amplifier (Q38) and operational amplifier
(IC18) and converted to the final 12kHz IF frequency by the
fourth receive mixer (IC3).  The converted IF signal in FM
(audio signal) and non-FM mode (IF signal) is selected by the
multiplexer (IC7) and the signal is sent to the DSP of the
control unit for processing.  The signals processed in the
control unit become audio signals in all modes and return to
the TX-RX1 unit (X57-605).  These audio signals are power
amplified to the level that drives the speaker with the AM
amplifier (IC9).
A speaker separation function is available as an acces-
sory circuit.  The bands can be changed as shown in Table
14.
D71 D70Q32
LO3
11.15MHz 2nd Mixer
Q19,20
Q18
10.695
MHz
D46
D47
X57-606
RIFX57-607
12RIF
Q22Q26Q28Q25
SW
Q29~Q31 Noise blanker
LO2
65.230MHz
58.390MHz
D60,64 D52,56
D49,55 D57,61
D58,62 D50,53XF5
XF6 10.695MHz
3rd Mixer
Q700,701
Q41
RCAR
467kHz 4th Mixer
IC3
CF1
D69 D67
CF2
CF3 FM
DET
ALT
AFFMFM ICD68
Q38
IC18 IC2
TX-RX 1 (X57-605 A/9) IC1
CF4
455kHz
Q709
Q4212kHz
DSP
AF PA AMP
IC9
X53-391
Fig. 4
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION 
						

							13
TS-2000/X

Speaker output changeover
When external speakers 1 and 2 and headphones are
connected, you can change over the sub/main band outputs.
The headphone connection is preferred over the all the
speaker output and you can select from three patterns for
headphone left-right changeover.
Connection Conditions ( : connected) Output condition by connection of left table
Headphone SP1 SP2 Headphone Built-in speaker SP1 SP2
XX→Pattern 0~2 Stop X X
X→Pattern 0~2 Stop Stop X
→Pattern 0~2 Stop Stop Stop
X→Pattern 0~2 Stop X Stop
X→X Stop Pattern 0~2 (Left) Pattern 0~2 (Right)
XX→X Pattern 0~2 (Left) X Pattern 0~2 (Right)
XX→X Stop Main-sub full mix X
XXX→X Main-sub full mix X X
Left-right output patterns
In case of headphones In case of SP1 & SP2
Selected Pattern Left side Right side SP1 or Built-in SP2
Pattern 0 Main-sub full mox Main-sub full mix Main-sub full mix Main-sub full mix
Pattern 1 Main : Full sound Main : 1/4 sound main : Full sound Main : 1/4 sound
Sub : 1/4 sound Sub : Full sound Sub : 1/4 sound Sub : Full sound
Pattern 2 Main Sub main Sub
This is a reverse function and left-right changeover is possible.
When SP1 only has been connected, the built-in speaker
will change over to SP1.
When SP1 and SP2 are connected, you can select the
SP1 and SP2 output method from three patterns, the same
as for the headphones.
Table 14
Main VHF/UHF Band Front-End and
Sub Receiver System
The VHF and UHF band receiver circuit is configured with
two systems, a main band (FM/ AM/ SSB/ CW/ FSK) and a
sub-band (FM/AM), each of which has a VHF and a UHF
band path.
In the main band, the first IF is 41.895MHz and the sec-
ond IF is 10.695MHz and the signal lower hetero to the sec-
ond IF is sent to the TX-RX1 unit (X57-605) and linked to the
second IF, which is shared by the other bands.  The sub-
band is a double conversion where the first IF is 58.525MHz
and the second IF is 455kHz.  It is configured so that de-
tected AF signals are sent to the control unit (X53-391).

VHF/ UHF band front end
The circuit operation of the sub-receiver unit differs de-
pending on whether it is for K destination or others.  The
circuit operation for each of the destinations is described
below.
• K destination
The incoming signal from the VHF band antenna terminal
passes through the TX/RX changeover relay (K2) in the filter
unit (X51-315) and goes to the TX-RX2 unit (X57-606).  Then,
it passes through the 12dB ATT circuit and is divided to the
136~155MHz path and the 118~136MHz, 155~174MHz
and 220~300MHz path by the L distribution circuit.  The
136~155MHz signal passes through a 2-pole BPF (band-
pass filter) and  enters the pre-amplifier (Q15).  The ampli-
fied receive signal is again distributed to the paths for the
main and sub receiver units by the L distribution circuit.
The signal distributed to the main receiver unit passes
through the 2-pole variable tuning BPF, is amplified by the
second amplifier (Q24) and goes to the mixer (IC4) for the
main band common to the VHF and UHF bands through the
variable tuning BPF.  The 2-pole x 2-stage BPF for the main
band VHF controls the tuning frequency by output from the
D/A of the TX-RX1 unit (X57-605).
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION 
						

							14
TS-2000/X
The 118~174MHz signal distributed to the sub-receiver
unit passes through a variable tuning filter and is amplified
by the second amplifier (Q24).  Then, it passes through the
2-pole variable tuning BPF, and the 220~300 MHz signal is
amplified by Q23 and is then input into the mixer (IC5) for
the sub-band common to the VHF and UHF bands.  The 1-
pole and 2-pole BPFs for the sub-band VHF also controls the
tuning frequency by the output from the D/A of the TX-RX1
unit (X57-605).
The incoming signal from the UHF band antenna terminal
enters the UHF section of the final unit (X45-360), passes
through the HPF and LPF and  goes to the TX-RX2 unit (X57-
605).  Then, it passes through the 12dB ATT circuit and goes
to the pre-amplifier (Q14).  The amplified receive signal is
distributed to the paths of the main and sub-receiver sec-
tions by the L distribution circuit.
The signal distributed to the main receiver section
passes through the 3-pole variable tuning BPF and is ampli-
fied by the second amplifier (Q21).  Then, it passes through
the 3-pole variable tuning BPF and is input into the mixer
(IC4) for the main band.
This 3-pole x 2 stage BPF for the UHF also controls the
tuning frequency by the output from the D/A of the TX-RX1
unit (X57-605).The 438~450MHz signal distributed to the sub-receiver
section passes through the SAW filter (L29), is amplified by
the second amplifier (Q25), and passes through another
SAW filter (L50).  The 300~438MHz and 450~512MHz sig-
nals are amplified by Q19 and  goes to the mixer (IC5) for the
sub-band.
• E, E2 destinations
Then, the signal passes through the 12dB ATT circuit and
the 2-pole BPF (band-pass filter) and enters the pre-amplifier
(Q15).  The amplified receive signal is distributed to the
paths of the main and sub receiver sections by the L distri-
bution circuit.
The signal distributed to the sub-receiver section passes
through a variable tuning filter and is amplified by the sec-
ond amplifier (Q22).  Then, it passes through the 2-pole tun-
ing BPF, and goes to the mixer (IC5) for the sub-band com-
mon to the VHF and UHF bands.  The 1-pole + 2-pole BPFs
for the sub-band VHF also control the tuning frequency by
the output from the D/A of the TX-RX1 unit (X57-605).
The signal distributed to the sub-receiver section passes
through the SAW filter (L29), is amplified in the second am-
plifier (Q25), passes through another SAW filter (L50) and
goes to the mixer (IC5) for the sub-band.
Q44
LO31
31.200MHzQ42,43
–12dB
AT T
D10D24D48 D22 Q15 Q24
Q38 Q30
Q61
L23,24L47,55
–12dB AT T
D9
TX-RX 2 (X57-606 A/11)D49 D23 Q14
Q21
L108~111,137L116~119,133
XF1
41.895MHz
IC4
LO1RX
183.895~
418.105MHz
VHF
UHF Filter
X51-315
Final
X45-360
RIF
RIF
D46
Q22
X57-605
–12dB
AT TD10D95D24D46 D22 Q15 Q22
D96
D97 D101
L28
L29L44,52
L50
VHF Filter
X51-315
D23
D82 Q23
D90D91 Q25
D94 D93 Q19
–12dB
AT TD9
TX-RX 2 (X57-606 A/11)D92 D81 D20 Q14
UHF Final
X45-360
IC5
Fig. 5 Main band receiver section
Fig. 6 Sub band receiver section
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION 
						

							15
TS-2000/X

Main receiver IF section
The signal input to IC4 is mixed with the signal produced
by amplifying the first local oscillator RXLO1 from the PLL
section by Q30 and lower hetero to the first IF of
41.895MHz.  Then, it passes through the MCF (XF1) and
AGC amplifier (Q38) and goes to the second mixer (Q42 and
43).  The signal input to the second mixer is mixed with the
signal produced by amplifying the second local oscillator
21.2MHz from the PLL section by Q44 and lower hetero to
the second IF of 19.695MHz.  The signal then passes
through a temperature compensating resistor and the IF
amplifier (Q61) and is sent to the TX-RX1 unit (X57-605).

Sub receiver IF section
The signal input to IC5 is lower hetero to the first IF of
58.525MHz.  In the VHF band, the local oscillator SLO1 from
the PLL section is divided into two by the divider (IC6) and
passes through amplifier (Q23).  In the UHF band, the IF sig-
nal passes through amplifier (Q33) and is input to IC5.  The
IF signal passes through the MCF (XF2), passes through the
post amplifier (AGC amplifier in the AM mode) Q37 and
goes to the FM IC (IC7).  The local oscillator is supplied to
IC7 by the 58.07MHz crystal oscillator (X1) and is lower
hetero to the second IF of 455kHz by a mixer  in the IC.
The circuit operation when the signal passes through a
ceramic filter after lower hetero is different for K destination
and E destination.  The circuit operation for each of the des-
tinations is explained below.
CF2 (E type only)
CF1 455kHz
DSP IC6
IC9
X53-391 FM
58.07
MHzQ51 Q48 Q45
Q39D58AM
FM IC
IC7 Q37
XF2
58.525MHz IC5
AGC
D53 D56Q32
Q33TX-RX 2 (X57-606 A/11) IC6
1/2VHF
UHFSLO1
322.95~
465.04MHz 176.5~
231.5MHz
348.5~
458.5MHzSQ Q63
D83 S-meter
Q44
LO31
31.2MHzQ42,43
Q38 Q30
Q61XF1
41.895MHz
IC4
LO1RX
RIF
X57-605 VHF
UHF
TX-RX 2 (X57-6060 A/11)D46
D49
HF1.2GHzQ22
10.695
MHz
• K destination
In FM mode, the signal passes through a ceramic filter
(CF1), is quadrature-detected, and the resulting signal is out-
put.
• E, E2 destinations
The signal passes through a ceramic filter (CF1) in FM
WIDE mode and it passes through a ceramic filter (CF2) in
FM NARROW mode.  The signal is then quadrature-de-
tected and the resulting signal is output.
In AM mode, a 455kHz signal passes through the AGC
amplifier (Q51) and amplifier (Q48 and Q45) and is detected
by D58.  The detection signal retrieved for the AGC is recti-
fied, passes through the DC amplifier (Q39) for AGC control
and goes to the Q37 gate terminal (G2).
The FM/AM detection signal is switched by the multi-
plexer (IC8).  Then, it is amplified by the operational amplifier
(IC9) and output to the control unit (X53-391).

Squelch voltage and S-meter voltage of the sub
receiver section
The S meter voltage is introduced to the A/D through a
LPF for RSSI output of the FM IC (IC7).
The squelch voltage is supplied to the A/D by passing the
detection output of the FM IC through a filter amplifier in the
FM IC, amplifying it with the noise amplifier (Q63), and recti-
fying it with D83.
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION 
						

							16
TS-2000/X
1.2GHz Unit Receiver Section
The incoming signal from the antenna (12ANT) passes
through a filter, is amplified in the receiver RF amplifier (Q11
and 12) and input to the first mixer (Q10).
The signal is converted to the first IF (135.495MHz) in
Q10, passes through the MCF (XF1) and the AGC amplifier
(Q9) and enters the second mixer (Q7 and Q8).
The signal is converted to the second IF (10.695MHz) in
Q7 and Q8, amplified in the receiver IF amplifier (Q303) and
sent to the TX-RX1 unit (X57-605).
D5
D6,7,303
TX
TX/RX SWQ12 Q11L33 L30
1240~
1300MHz
1st Mixer
Q102nd Mixer
Q7,8 XF1
135.495
MHzQ9
Q303
AGC
CN12
CN11
D11
1104~
1165MHz124.800
MHzQ15
TX-RX 3 (X57-607) D810.695
MHzD47
12RIFX57-605 12ANT
Ref No. XF1 XF2 XF3 CF1 CF2
Parts No. L71-0566-05 L71-0565-05 L71-0582-05 L72-0984-05 L72-0986-05
Nominal center frequency41.895MHz 58.525MHz 41.795MHz 455kHz 455kHz
Pass bandwidth 3dB : ±7.5kHz 3dB : ±7.5kHz 3dB : ±15kHz
6dB : ±7.5kHz or more 6dB : ±4.5kHz or more
50dB : ±15kHz or less 50dB : ±10kHz or less
Ripple 1.0dB or less 1.0dB or less 1.0dB or less 2.0dB or less 2.0dB or less
Insertion loss 3.0dB or less 3.5dB or less 1.5dB or less 6.0dB or less 6.0dB or less
Guaranteed attenuationFo+(500~1000)kHz Fo±1MHz Fo–(500~1000)kHz Fo±100kHz Fo±100kHz
Fo–(200~1000)kHz 80dB or more 50dB or more 35dB or more 35dB or more
70dB or more
Cener – – – 455kHz±1.0kHz 455kHz±1.0kHz
Terminating impedance960Ω//1.0pF 350Ω//4.0pF 960Ω//1.0pF 1.5kΩ2.0kΩ
CC=7.0pF CC=15.5pF
Spurious Fo±1.0MHz Fo±1.0MHz – – –
40dB or more 40dB or more
CF2 : Only E destination
Table 15 Filters rating (TX-RX 2 unit : X57-606)
Fig. 9
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION 
						

							17
TS-2000/X
 Transmit System IF  Section

 Transmission IF
The details of the processing by the DSP depend on the
mode.
• Modes other than FM
Transmission bandwidth change, speech processor and
microphone gain control are performed in the AF stage.  A
12kHz IF signal is produced after PSN modulation and out-
put modulation control.
• FM mode
The baseband processing in the AF stage is carried out by
the DSP and a VCXO (voltage controlled X’tal Oscillator) is
used as a modulator.
The transmit signal output from the control unit (X53-391)
is switched by an analog SW (IC8) and is input to the bal-
anced mixer (IC6).  The 12kHz IF signal and local oscillator
signal enters the IC6 and become a 10.595MHz signal.  The
local oscillator signal is generated by the DDS (IC602). The 10.595MHz IF component is amplified by the IF am-
plifier (Q54) and passes through the 6kHz bandwidth crystal
filter, then becomes a 10.595MHz IF signal by eliminating
local oscillator signals.  The diode switch (D90) changes be-
tween FM modulator output and non-FM 10.595MHz IF sig-
nals. The temperature compensation of the transmitter circuit
is done by the thermistor near the IF amplifier (Q54) and the
thermistor on the input side of the IF amplifier (Q711).  They
reduce the gain at low temperatures and raise it at high tem-
peratures.
TH8
Q54
TH5
XF9
10.595MHz TH7IC6
Q58
X1
Q59
10.595MHz
Q604
TX-RX 1 (X57-605 A/9) IC602
DDS
10.595MHz SSB,CW,
AM,FSK FM
2 3 8
IC8
O/I 2 O/I 3
O/I 1X53-391 TX
signalD90
Q711
D84
Fig. 10
The output signal from the IF amplifier (Q711) passes
through D84, Q40, D82, D48, D80 and D81 and becomes
the IF transmit signal for each band.  D84 is a voltage con-
trolled attenuator circuit.  This circuit changes the attenua-
tion level according to the control voltage (TGC), in the same
way as the TGC (TX gain control) used in the TS-870 and TS-
570 and is set to the adjusted attenuation level for each
band.  Q49 is an IF amplifier circuit with an ALC circuit.  The
gain is controlled by the voltage generated by the ALC cir-
cuit. D82 is a voltage controlled attenuator circuit as D84.  The
attenuation level is minimum at full power and as the power
decreases, the control voltage rises and the attenuation
level increases.   When the power is reduced, the gain will
become relatively excessive if the IF gain is not lowered.  It
is set to an attenuation level adjusted by the PGC (Power
Gain Control) accordance to the power of each band. Q48 is an IF output buffer.  It changes to the transmitter
section of each band with a diode switch (D80, D81) to sup-
ply a 10.595MHz IF signal. During transmission in the 144MHz and 420MHz bands,
the signal is output to the TX-RX2 unit (X57-605), and during
transmission in the 1.2GHz band, it is output to the TX-RX3
unit (X57-605). In the 1.8~54MHz band, the frequency is converted to
the final target transmit frequency in the TX-RX1 unit (X57-
605). The local oscillator frequency changes according to the
band in second transmit mixer of Q46 and 47 to generate
different IF frequencies.  (TX third IF: 68.985MHz or 75.825
MHz) D703 and D715 are used to change the tuning frequency
of the local oscillator signal and D79, D78, D77 and D76 are
used change the frequency of the IF filter (L102). The variable tuning filter containing these variable capaci-
tance diodes performs the coarse adjustment of the coil
(L100, L99, L98, L96, L102) in the band (18.085MHz) where
the IF is 75.825MHz.  Then, it changes the tuning frequency
control voltage from the D/A in the band (14.100MHz)
where the IF is 68.985MHz and tunes it to the necessary
frequency by readjusting the coil.
HFLO1
75.955~
129.085MHz
D40 Q44,45
1.8~54MHzHFLO2
58.390MHz
65.230MHz
D45
Q46,47
L96,98~100 68.985MHz
75.825MHz
HBPF D76~79
L102
HBPF D703,715
TX-RX2
X57-606 TX-RX3
X57-607
D80 D81
10.595
MHz
Q48
TX-RX 1 (X57-605 A/9) Q49 Q711
D82 D84
RF
BPF
TIF 12TIF
Fig. 11
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION 
						

							18
TS-2000/X
The third IF signal is input to the third transmit mixer
(Q44, 45).
A GaAs FET is used to obtain the satisfactory inter-
modulation characteristics.  VR3 adjusts the second gate
voltage to maximize the gain.  VR2 adjusts the balance of
the source current of two FETs and prevents the generation
of spurious components by minimizing IF output leakage.  It
also adjusts the leakage of the IF signal (68.985MHz) to the
minimum during 50MHz band transmission.
The signal with the target frequency passes through the
BPF shared by the receiver section to eliminate spurious
components.  The transmitter circuit is separated from the
receiver circuit to implement satellite communication, but
only this BPF is shared to prevent generation of spurious
components.
Finally, the signal is amplified to a sufficient level (ap-
proximately 0dBm) by the broadband amplifier and supplied
to the final section.   Q43 is a power MOS FET and provides
an output of approximately 20dBm when the ALC is inac-
tive.
HBPF
D76VR2
VR3
L98~100
L96
L95
L97 Q44
Q45
TX-RX 1 (X57-605 A/9)
D26
BPF 1.705~2.5MHz
BPF 2.5~4.1MHz
BPF 4.1~6.9MHz
BPF 6.9~7.5MHz
BPF 7.5~10.5MHz
BPF 10.5~13.9MHz
BPF 13.9~14.5MHz
BPF 14.5~21.5MHz
BPF 21.5~30.0MHz
BPF
30~49, 54~60MHz
BPF 49~54MHz
Q43 HFTXRF HPF
Fig. 12
ALC
The progressive and reflected wave signals detected by
the final section in each band enters the TX-RX1 unit (X57-
605) and is synthesized by a diode.  It is synthesized simply
because no signal is transmitted in multiple bands at the
same time.
When the progressive signal voltage is input, it is divided
by a resistor, and enters the differential amplifier composed
of Q73 and Q74.  When the voltage increases, the emitter
voltage rises, the base current of Q74 decreases, and the
collector voltage of Q74 also rises.  When the voltage ex-
ceeds the base emitter voltage plus the emitter voltage (ap-
proximately 2.4V) of Q76, the base current of Q76 begins to
flow and the voltage of the collector to which the ALC time
constant CR is connected decreases.  This collector voltage
is buffered by Q78, the voltage is shifted by D108, and
matched with the keying control voltage by Q79 and D111
to produce the ALC voltage.   When the ALC voltage (2.7V
when inactive) decreases, the second gate voltage of the IF
amplifier (Q49) decreases and the gain lowers.
During AM transmission, Q75 turns on approximately
20ms after transmission, and the ALC voltage is controlled
by the average power.  The voltage output from the DAC
(IC14) is applied to the base voltage of Q74, which is the
reference voltage of the ALC.  This DAC (IC14) is controlled
by the adjustment value (POC) from the main microcom-
puter.  In addition, the input voltage of the DAC fluctuates
according to the power supply voltage and the output drops
when the voltage is reduced.

SWR protection
The reflected wave detection signal is divided by the
DAC (IC14) and input to the base of Q77.  When this voltage
increase, the collector current of Q77 increases and output
power is limited.

Meter voltage
The progressive wave voltage is calculated as the power
meter voltage, the reflected wave voltage is calculated as
the progressive wave voltage and its value is input as the
SWR meter voltage, and the ALC voltage is input as the ALC
meter voltage.  These voltages are input into the A/D con-
verter of the main microcomputer.

Packet signal
The control unit contains a TNC and a changeover switch
circuit that enables data signals to input from the ACC2 con-
nector.  (See the block diagram)
The 1200bps signal is processed by the DSP in the same
way as for audio signals, but the 9600bps signal is input di-
rectly to the FM modulator without passing through the
DSP.
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION 
						

							19
TS-2000/X
R439, ALC meter
D858C
Q49
Q711
10.595MHz Q48
VOUT4
VIN4 VOUT1 VIN1
IC13
(AOUT)
HF ALC L119
VSF
43VSF
12VSF
TX-RX 1 (X57-605 A/9)D123
D119
D121X45-360
(A/2)
X45-360
(B/2)
X57-607VSR
VSR
43VSR
12VSRD124
D120
D122 X45-360
(A/2)
X45-360
(B/2)
X57-607 IC17 (Q6),
R509
50ALC
14ALC
43ALC
12ALC
7 8
3
5J7
EXT. CONT J4
REMOTE
(6 pin)
14S Q73 Q74Q76Q78
Q79
D82 D84
D105
D108
D111
D114D107 D106
1
2
11
12IC14
D113
D109
D110 Q77 Q75
Fig. 13
VHF/UHF Band Transmitter Circuit (RF~IF)
The TIF (10.595MHz) signal input from the TX-RX1 unit
(X57-605) first enters the mixers (Q46 and 47).  The
31.2MHz signal from the PLL passes through the RF ampli-
fier (Q50), enters the mixer as a local oscillator to output the
41.795MHz IF through both the signals.  It passes through
the 41.795MHz MCF (XF3) and enters the wideband diode
mixer (D54) in the next stage, and upper hetero to a VHF/
UHF band output signal.  The local oscillator TXLO1 of the
mixer is on a common line for both VHF and UHF band local
oscillators, and the local oscillator signal is amplified by the
VHF and UHF band broadband amplifier (Q34) and supplied
to the mixer.
The signal converted to the VHF/UHF band is divided into
a VHF band path and a UHF band path after it is output from
the mixer.
X57-605D54 D52XF3
Q46,47
Q34Q50
TXLO1
418.205MHz
LO31
31.2MHz 41.795
MHz
VHF
UHFL48,158
FILTER
L121~124,140
L128,129
Q17
TX-RX 2 (X57-606 A/11)
Q26 Q20 Q18
TIF
10.595
MHz IC3 X45-360
(A/2)
X45-360
(B/2)VHF
UHFD21
D19 D7
D6
D33,100
D42,47,51TBPF
DAC
IC5
The VHF band signal passes through a filter and a trap
and is amplified in the 2-stage RF amplifiers (Q20, Q18), and
the resulting signal goes to the wideband amplifier (IC3)
common to the VHF and UHF bands.
The UHF band signal is amplified by the RF amplifier
(Q17), passes through a 3-pole variable tuning BPF and is
amplified by the amplifier (Q26).  Then, it passes through a
2-pole variable tuning BPF and enters IC3.  The total 5-pole
variable tuning BPF controls the tuning frequency according
to the control signal output from the D/A converter of the
TX-RX1 unit (X57-605).
The signal amplified by IC3 is again divided into VHF band
and UHF band paths by a diode switch and output to the
final unit (VHF band: X45-360 A/2, UHF band: X45-360 B/2).
Fig. 14
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION 
						

							20
TS-2000/X
Transmitter Final Amplifier
The final unit (X45-360 A/2) is composed of an HF and
VHF band final amplifier, an antenna turner matching circuit,
and a power supply circuit.
The LPF section and antenna tuner detection circuit are
located in the filter unit (X51-315).
The 1.8~144MHz band is amplified by the final unit, but it
operates in the broadband up to the drive amplifier.  The
final unit amplifies signals using independent amplifiers in
the 8~50MHz and 144MHz bands.  The amplifiers are
switched with a diode switch (D1).

Q1 : First stage amplifier
This amplifier uses a FET.  It has frequency characteris-
tics so that the gain increases in the 144MHz band.

Q2 : Pre-drive amplifier
This amplifier uses a bi-polar transistor.  It has unique fre-
quency characteristics.

Q3 and 4 : Drive amplifier
This is a push-pull type amplifier.  It amplifies a signal
with a broadband up to the 144MHz band, then the signal is
branched  to the HF and 144MHz bands through a relay.

Q6 and 7 : HF final amplifier
This amplifier uses a bipolar transistor with push-pull.  It
amplifies a signal up to the 54MHz band, using an output
transformer with a coaxial cable.  It outputs the signal to the
LPF section through an effective and light matching circuit in
the 50MHz band.
K1
Q3,4 Q2 Q1D1X57-605
HFTX
X57-606
14TXHPFLPFDET
144MHz
VSR VSFK2
Q101,102 144ANT
TX
LPF section X51-315
Q6,7Final (X45-360 A/2)

Q101 and 102: 144MHz final amplifier
A 144MHz band signal passes through the HPF and en-
ters the branch circuit with two amplifiers.
It functions as a parallel amplifier that branches the signal
with the same phase, amplifies it with the Q101 and 102
amplifiers and re-synthesizes it.  As a result a 100W output
is produced.
Since the output matching section is an LPF type, it at-
tenuates harmonics as well.  After the output has been syn-
thesized,  it detects the power of the progressive wave and
reflected wave with a directional coupler according to the
strip line, and outputs it to the LPF section.

LPF section
In the 1.8~50MHz band, the signal passes through the
LPF as shown in Table 3.
It has an independent LPF circuit and an antenna
changeover circuit for the 144MHz band.
The signal output from the LPF passes through the de-
tection circuits, the transmission/reception changeover re-
lay (K1), the antenna tuner changeover relay (K3) and the
antenna changeover relay (K4) and is output to ANT1 or
ANT2.
Fig. 15
Select signal Frequency
2M   1.8~  2.0
4M   2.0~  4.1
7M   4.1~  7.5
14M   7.5~14.5
21M 14.5~21.5
28M 21.5~30.0
50M 49.0~54.0
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION