Tascam Digital Portastudio 2488 User Guide
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4 – Recorder TASCAM 2488 User’s Guide 39 Tr a n s p o r t c o n t r o l s Most of the 2488 controls work the same as a normal tape recorder, but there are a few important differ- ences, as outlined below. Setting the playback position The 2488 provides you with a number of ways to set the position from which playback starts when you press the PLAY key. Some of these are described in the section on location operations (“Locating to the points” on page 42) The ways of setting the playback point which involve the transport keys are described here. Return to zero (RTZ) This allows you to return instantly to the “zero point”, (expressed as the absolute time). To return to zero (from stop, play or record):1Press and hold down STOP. 2Press REW. Playback/recording stops and the playback position returns to the zero point. Last Recording Position (LRP) This is an extremely useful feature that allows you to return instantly to the point where recording last started. You can use this in any of the following situ- ations (these are examples, you may think of others for yourself): after you interrupt a bad take halfway through the recording and want to return instantly to the same position to retake after a successful take, and you want to return to the point where recording started to check the take when you are recording a number of different tracks in turn, all to start from the same point after a take, you may want to set the point where the take started as a reference location mark To return to the position where recording last started (from stop, play or record): 1Press and hold down the STOP key 2Press F FWD. Playback/recording stops, and the playback position returns to the point where recording last started. Jog positioning To position the playback point precisely, you can “jog” the playback position, using the wheel. As you move backwards and forwards through the recording, you can hear the recorded sound at slow speed, either backward or forward, depending on the direction you are turning the wheel. 1Position the playback point to the rough posi- tion where you want the final point to be. 2Press and hold the STOP key and press the PLAY key. The display shows a view of the waveform of the currently selected track at the current playback position. 3Press the SELECT key of the track that you want to view (pressing the SELECT key of any of the stereo tracks (13/14, 15/16, 17/18, 19/20, 21/22, 23/24) alternates between viewing the odd- and even-numbered tracks). The display changes to the waveform of that track.
4 – Recorder 40 TASCAM 2488 User’s Guide 4Use the Ó and Á cursor keys to zoom out and in respectively horizontally. In other words, pressing the Á key will increase the amount of space on the screen taken by a certain amount of time, and press- ing the Ó key will make the same amount of time take less space on the screen. The three zoom levels available are: x 1, x 2 (allowing approximately single-frame accuracy in adjustment), and x 32 (allowing approximately an accuracy of about 10 sub-frames). The res- olution is shown below the time display. 5Use the § and ¶ cursor keys to adjust the vertical scale (the way that the volume of the sound is shown). The zoom levels here are x 1, x 2, x 4, x 8, x 16 and x 32. Pressing the § key increases the ver- tical scaling of the display, and pressing the ¶ key decreases the scale. TIP If you can’t see any waveforms when you first enter this display, press the § key to zoom the volume so that you can see the quiet passages. 6Use the wheel to move the cursor. You can monitor the “jogged” sound of the selected track through the monitoring system. 7To move past the edge of the screen and posi- tion the cursor roughly at the correct location, press and hold the F FWD or REW keys to play all the tracks forwards or backwards at nor- mal speed. When you release the keys, the playback will stop. You can then use the wheel to position the cursor precisely. 8Press STOP (or ENTER or EXIT) to return to the home screen, with the playback position now being the point which has just been set. NOTE Because only one track can be jogged at a time, only one track of a stereo pair can be heard at a time in this mode. If it is difficult to hear the track, you may want to monitor in mono (see “Monitoring” on page 27). Fast forward and rewind On a tape recorder, you can use the fast forward and fast rewind keys to spool through a tape. A disk recorder like the 2488 works in a somewhat different way. The forward and rewind keys can be used in the fol- lowing ways: During playback When the 2488 is playing back material, if you press and hold either the F FWD or the REW key, the playback position moves forward or backward (depending on which key is being held down) at ten times the normal playback speed (as shown by the FF x10 or REW x10 in the home display. At this time, playback is muted, and the PLAY indi- cator flashes. When you release the F FWD or REW key, playback starts at the position which has been reached.You cannot perform this operation while recording— only from playback. From the stop position When playback is stopped, you can press and release the F FWD or REW keys to start “fast rewind” or “fast forward”. While this “winding” is taking place, playback is muted. Holding down the keys for more than one second, or pressing the keys repeatedly, changes the “wind speed” from ten times ( x10 shown on the home screen), to fifty times ( x50) to one hundred times ( x100) to one thousand times (x1000). While the 2488 is “winding” in one direction, press- ing the opposite key (for example, F FWD while rewinding) will immediately start location at 10x in the new direction. Recording To start recording from the stopped state: 1At least one track should be armed (press the REC key(s) of the track(s) on which recording is to take place). The REC keys(s) start to flash). 2Press and hold down the RECORD key. 3Press the PLAY key. Both the PLAY (green) and RECORD (red) indicators light, and the flashing REC indicator(s) light steadily. 4Stop recording by pressing the STOP key.
4 – Recorder TASCAM 2488 User’s Guide 41 NOTE When a track is “armed” for recording (i.e. its REC indicator is lit or flashing), the corresponding track indi-cator number in the bottom of the home screen is reversed to show this. In the screen above, tracks 5 and 6are armed. Recording (ii) To drop into record mode while playing back: 1Start playing back a song by pressing the PLAY key. The PLAY indicator will light. 2Arm one or more tracks by pressing their REC keys. Their indicators start to flash. 3Press the RECORD key. The RECORD indica- tor will light, and the REC indicators of the armed tracks will also light. NOTE At least one track must be armed before you start to record. It is not possible to enter a “record ready” mode and press the REC keys of tracks to start recording. Hands-free recording You can also use a suitable footswitch (for example the TASCAM RC-30P) connected to the PUNCH jack on the front, to drop into record mode. When a track is armed, and playback is taking place, pressing the footswitch will change from playback mode to record mode. When recording, pressing the footswitch will drop out of record mode into playback mode. Dropping out of record mode When record mode has been entered in any of the ways described above, it is possible to drop out of the recording mode simply by pressing the PLAY key. The RECORD indicator goes out. Of course, you can always press the STOP key to stop recording. TIP You can “undo” recordings, (unlike on a tape recorder). Even if you accidentally record over a perfect perfor- mance, the undo function can still retrieve the original. See “UNDO and REDO” on page 54 for details. Rehearsing recording Sometimes, even with the undo facilities and the vir- tual tracks of the 2488, it may be useful for you to rehearse a take without actually committing anything to disk. This is probably most useful in auto punch operations (see “Auto punch operations” on page 46) but can be useful in other situations as well. In a rehearsal, the monitoring and other operations and recording functions are the same as when record-ing, but the input signal, although passed through to the disk track, does not actually go to the disk. To use the rehearsal mode, simply press the RHSL key so that the indicator is lit. When actually “recording” in rehearsal mode, the RECORD indicator flashes, rather than lighting steadily, to show that the rehearsal is taking place.
4 – Recorder 42 TASCAM 2488 User’s Guide IN/OUT/TO points The IN and OUT points are used for repeat playback (“Repeat” on page 46), for punch operations (“Auto punch operations” on page 46)and, often with the TO point, for track editing (“About track editing” on page 49). Setting the IN, OUT and TO points To set these points: 1Locate to the position where the IN, OUT or TO point is to be set. 2Pres the shifted IN, OUT or TO key.When the IN, OUT or TO key has been pressed, Set IN ! or Set OUT ! appears on the home display. NOTE You cannot set the IN and OUT points while the repeat mode is active (the REPEAT indicator is lit). Locating to the points Simply press the IN, OUT or TO key to locate to the appropriate point. You cannot do this in repeat mode or while recording. Editing the IN, OUT and TO points When the points have been set, it may be necessary to “trim” them, or to slip them backwards or for- wards a little. NOTE You cannot edit the IN and OUT points while the repeat mode is active (the REPEAT indicator is lit). To edit the points: 1Press the IN, OUT or TO key to locate to the appropriate point. 2Press and hold the STOP key and press the PLAY key. The JOG indicator lights. The dis- play shows a view of the waveform of the cur- rently selected track at the IN or OUT point (depending on which was pressed). 3Press the SELECT key of the track that you want to view. The display changes to the wave- form of that track. 4Follow the instructions in “Jog positioning” on page 39 for zooming and moving the current jog position. 5When you have set the point where you want the point to be, press the shifted key to set the respective point. The display returns to the home screen. Press EXIT to return to the home screen with- out setting the points (remember that ENTER does not set these points). Markers As well as the IN and OUT points, which are used in punch and editing, there are also 999 location marks available for each song. These can be inserted, deleted, named and edited freely, and they are stored with the song, allowing you to return at any time to a part of the song which you have marked as needing attention. There is also an easy method of directly locating to a position without using the location marks, as described here: Direct location In this method, you use the cursor keys and the wheel to locate to a specified position. There are three modes in which the time can be shown on the home screen: ABS (the absolute time), MTC (MIDI Time Code) and BAR (which represents the time in bars and beats, according to a tempo map from the following sources: the 2488’s internal map, that of a Standard MIDI File selected for playback, or else from the pattern tempo map (see “MIDI” on page 76 for details of these).
4 – Recorder TASCAM 2488 User’s Guide 43 In the first two of these modes, you can locate to sub- frame accuracy. There are ten sub-frames in a frame, and the length of a frame depends on the frame rate set up in the sync operations, but is between 1/30 and 1/24 of a second. In the last mode, you can locate to beat accuracy. Direct location (i) For the first two modes (ABS and MTC), the way to locate directly is as follows: 1Make sure the transport is stopped. You can- not perform this direct location when playing back or recording. 2If the “home” display is not shown, press the HOME key. There is an “underline” cursor at the top of the screen. If the top left of the screen does not show ABS or MTC (that is, it shows BAR), move the cursor to under BAR, and turn the wheel counterclock- wise until ABS or MTC is showing. 3Use the left and right cursor keys to move the cursor to any of the following fields: hours ( h), minutes ( m), seconds (s), frames (s) or 10 sub- frames (no indication on the display, though the value is shown). 4Use the wheel to increase or decrease the num- ber over the cursor (in the illustration here, the cursor is under the “hours” value). If you increase a value past the maximum (for example, if you try to increase the “seconds” value over 59), the number will “wrap round”; that is, the “minutes” value will increase by one, and the “seconds” value will be set to 0. 5When you change a value, the values on the top line will start to blink and will continue to blink for a few seconds. 6Press ENTER while the values are blinking to set the value, or PLAY to start immediate play- back at that value. Also, if you do not press any keys or turn the wheel for a few seconds, the values stop blinking, and the new time value that has been set becomes the current playback position. If you press the EXIT key (or the STOP key) while the values are blinking, the time value will be reset to the previous value before you started to edit it. Direct location (ii) As well as the ABS and MTC timings just described, it is possible to locate to a “musical” time, when the display shows bars (mea- sures) and beats, and the 2488 is synchronized to a tempo map. 1Make sure the transport is stopped. You can- not perform this direct location when playing back or recording. 2If the “home” display is not shown, press the HOME key. 3There is an “underline” cursor at the top of the screen. If the top left of the screen does not show BAR (that is, it shows MTC or ABS), move the cursor under the left field, and turn the wheel clock- wise until BAR is shown. 4Use the cursor keys to move the cursor to either of the following: bars (3 digits), or beats (2 digits). The tempo value cannot be altered here—it is set by the tempo map. 5Use the wheel to increase or decrease the num- ber over the cursor (in the illustration, the cursor is under the “bars” value). If you increase the “beats” value past the max- imum number of beats on a bar at that point in the tempo map, the number will “wrap round”; that is, the “bars” value will increase by one, and the “beats” value will be set to 1. 6When you change a value, the values on the top line will start to blink and will continue to blink for a few seconds. 7Press ENTER while the values are blinking to set the value, or PLAY to start immediate play- back at that value. Also, if you do not press any keys or turn the wheel for a few seconds, the values stop blinking, and the new time value that has been set becomes the current playback position. Frames Hours Seconds 10s of sub-framesMinutesBars (measures)Beats
4 – Recorder 44 TASCAM 2488 User’s Guide If you press the EXIT key (or the STOP key) while the values are blinking, the time value will be reset to the previous value before you started to edit it. Location marks As mentioned earlier, the 2488 allows you to set up to 999 location marks in each song. These location marks are stored in slots which may either be empty, or filled with a location point value. As each mark is entered, its slot is filled (from 1 through 999). If a mark is deleted, the slot it occupied becomes available for another mark to be entered, Location marks are handled in the following way: Entering location marks Location marks can be entered when playing back or recording, in jog mode, or when the transport is stopped. They cannot be entered when fast forward or rewind is taking place. There are two ways of entering location marks: 1Press the shifted LOCATE key. or 1Press the INSERT key. 2When a mark has been entered, the location value is entered into the next available slot, and the number of this slot (now the number of the mark) is shown on the screen on the right, below the time line. Active location marks When you have entered location marks, as playback progresses, and the playback point passes the points at which the marks are located, the marks’ titles are displayed on the screen. The location mark which is shown on screen is referred to as the active mark. This active mark can be accessed easily for titling, deletion and editing, as explained below. Giving a title to the active location mark You can give a title to the active location mark while playing back or recording, or while the playback is stopped. 1When the active mark’s current title is dis- played (this will be Mark xxx when the mark is first set), press the shifted TITLE key. The pop-up screen appears on the display, and you can edit the title as described in “Titling” on page 12. 2When you press ENTER after editing the name, the new name replaces the old mark name. TIP You can use the words here to enter location mark titles quickly. Deleting the active location mark You can delete the active location mark while playback is stopped, but you cannot delete it while playing back or recording (a popup message appears briefly if you try and you must press EXIT to dismiss the message). 1To delete the active mark, press the DELETE key. You do not have to confirm the deletion, but the words Clear mark! appear briefly on the display. 2When the active mark has been deleted, the mark immediately before the active mark (if there is one) becomes the active mark, and its title is shown on screen. NOTE You cannot undo a mark deletion. Editing the active mark This process is sometimes referred to as trimming. This is a similar process to the jog positioning of the playback point (see “Jog positioning” on page 39), except that in this operation, the final position is stored as the position of the active mark.You can edit the active mark when playback is stopped. You cannot edit the active mark when recording or playing back. 1Make sure that the mark you want to edit is shown on the home display and that playback is stopped.
4 – Recorder TASCAM 2488 User’s Guide 45 2Press the TRIM key. The display shows TRIM and a view of the waveform of the currently selected track at the active mark. 3Press the SELECT key of the track that you want to view. The display changes to the wave- form of that track. Although the location mark applies to all tracks, if you have a track selected with noth- ing or little recorded on it at that point, it will be impossible to see or hear anything using this function. 4Use the Ó and Á keys to zoom out and in respectively horizontally. This is, pressing the Á key will increase the amount of space on the screen taken by a certain amount of time, and pressing the Ó key will make the same amount of time take less space on the screen. The three zoom levels available are: x 1, x 2 at about single-frame accuracy), and x 32 at about 10-sub-frame accuracy (shown below the time display). 5Use the § and ¶ keys to adjust the vertical scale (the way that the volume of the sound is shown). The zoom levels here are x 1, x 2, x 4, x 8, x 16 and x 32. Pressing the § key increases the vertical scaling of the display, and pressing the ¶ key decreases the scale. NOTE If you can’t see any waveforms when you first enter this display, press the § key to zoom the volume so that you can see the quiet passages. 6Use the wheel to move the cursor. You can monitor the jogged sound of the selected track through the monitoring system. NOTE You cannot move the mark to a position before the pre- vious mark or after the next mark. 7To move past the edge of the screen, press and hold the F FWD and REW keys to play the tracks forwards or backwards at normal speed for a rough position. When you release the keys, the playback will stop. 8Press ENTER to accept the new position as the location mark value (the playback position is now the new position), and return to the home screen. 9Press EXIT to return to the home screen with the playback position being the point which has just been set, but the location mark value is unchanged. Using the location mark list Every time a location mark is stored, it is entered into a list, and every time a mark is deleted, it is removed from the list. You can use this list to select a mark for location, or for giving a title to a mark. You cannot edit the time value of a mark, or delete a mark using the list. To see the list, press the LOCATE key: NOTE Even when the time display on the home screen is shown in bars and beats, or the MTC time display is selected, the marks’ time values are always shown using the absolute time values. Items in the list are always sorted in time order, not the order of the location mark names or numbers. Locating using the list To locate using the location mark list: 1Press the LOCATE key. 2Select the location mark using the wheel (or the cursor keys). 3Press ENTER. The playback point jumps to the selected location mark.
4 – Recorder 46 TASCAM 2488 User’s Guide Using the IN OUT and TO marks Jump to these marks simply by pressing the IN, OUT or TO key, as appropriate. Titling using the list 1Press the LOCATE key. 2Select the location mark to be renamed, using the wheel (or the cursor keys). 3Press the shifted TITLE key. 4Give a title to the mark, using the procedure described in “Titling” on page 12. 5When you press ENTER to confirm the name, the screen returns to the list. Two marks can have the same title (but it is not a very sensible idea to give the same title to more than one mark), but they cannot have the same time value. It is not possible to rename the IN, OUT or TO marks—these have special functions, and cannot be renamed. Repeat You can repeat playback between the IN and OUT points by pressing and releasing the REPEAT key so that the indicator lights.Repeat recording is handled using the auto punch facility (see “Auto punch operations” on page 46) Setting the repeat interval On a tape recorder repeating a section, there is a delay while the tape rewinds. The “instant rewind” of a disk recorder can give you no time to prepare your fingers, take a breath, etc. ready for the next take. The 2488 allows you to set a time between reaching the OUT point and starting to replay from the IN point again: from 0 seconds to 9.9 seconds.1Press and hold the REPEAT key so that a popup screen appears. 2Use the wheel to set the interval, and ENTER to confirm the value. Auto punch operations Punch operations allow you to start and stop record- ing at predefined points, and these can be automated, as described here. When auto punch recording begins, playback starts at pre-roll point some time before recording is due to start, the punch-in point is reached, and recording starts. When the punch-out point is reached, record- ing stops, and playback continues until the post-roll point. In addition, when you perform an auto punch record- ing, during the pre-roll period, you hear what has previously been recorded, together with the signal source; during the punch recording itself, you hear the signal source alone; and for the post-roll period, you hear the previously recorded material and the signal source together. The 2488 allows all of this to happen in rehearsal mode as well as in an actual recording mode. The rehearsal mode allows you to simulate the punch recording, both to practise the actual take, and also to check punch points before recording actually begins. You can also use the repeat function together with the punch operations, allowing you to make repeated rehearsals of a punch section, as well as repeated takes of the same section (multi-takes) or when you’re recording, repeated recordings can be used as multi-takes. When you have recorded a section many times in this way, you can then choose the best possi- ble take to insert into the track.
4 – Recorder TASCAM 2488 User’s Guide 47 Setting the punch points The 2488 provides three different punch settings. 1With at least one track armed (the REC indi- cator flashing), and playback stopped, press the AUTO PUN CH key: 2Select one of the three options, explained below, using the wheel or cursor keys to move the cursor, and the ENTER key to confirm the selection ( EXIT exits this screen without mak- ing any settings). 3When the selection has been made, the AUTO PUNCH indicator lights, and the home display shows AUTO. NOTE It is not strictly necessary to have a track armed when you first press the AUTO PUNCH key, but this is proba- bly the most logical way to work. LAST REC This sets the punch-in point to be the last point at which recording started (the same as the LRP described in “Last Recording Position (LRP)” on page 39. The punch-out point is set to be the point at which recording stopped (either when recording dropped into play mode, or when the transport was stopped). Note that this last recording does not have to be a punch recording. IN -> OUT This uses the IN and OUT points as the punch-in and the punch-out points. The first of these points will be used as the punch-in point, and the sec- ond as the punch-out point, even if the OUT point is before the IN point. LAST TAKE LOAD This option is only available if a punch recording has taken place, and no recording, no track editing or undo/redo operations or virtual track assignments have been done since then. It allows you to select the takes from this punch ses- sion, in the same way as described later in this sec- tion. Checking the punch points When the punch points have been set, you can press the PLAY key. The home display shows CHECK, and the playback starts at the pre-roll point. It continues to the post-roll point. If the punch positions are not what you want, you can press the AUTO PUNCH key to turn off the punch mode, and reset the punch points as described above.You can also adjust the pre-roll and post-roll time using the menu system (see “Recorder” on page 85), but you must exit the auto punch mode first by press- ing the AUTO PUNCH key so that the indicator goes out. If you the punch points and pre and post-roll times are what you want, you should proceed to the rehearsal stage, as described below. Rehearsing the punch Although you don’t have to use the rehearsal feature (see “Rehearsing recording” on page 41) with the auto punch, it’s probably a good idea to rehearse most punch recordings a few times before making a take. 1With the AUTO PUNCH indicator lit, and a track armed, press the RHSL (rehearsal) key. The indicator lights. 2Press and hold down the RECORD key and press the PLAY key. The display shows TAKE. Playback starts at the pre-roll point. Both the input source and previously-recorded material can be monitored. When playback reaches the punch-in point, the monitored signal on the armed track(s) is muted. The RECORD indicator flashes (to show that it is a rehearsal). When playback reaches the punch-out point, the recorded material is added to the monitored signal. The RECORD indicator goes out.
4 – Recorder 48 TASCAM 2488 User’s Guide Playback continues to the punch-out point and stops. Playback continues to the post-roll point and stops. If you press the REPEAT key before the rehearsal, so that the indicator is lit (as well as the AUTO PUNCH and RHSL indicators), the rehearsal process will repeat until you press the STOP key. There is about a second’s interval between the post-roll and the restarting of the rehearsal at the pre-roll point. You cannot change this interval. Recording the punch When you are happy with the rehearsed punch mate- rial, you record the punch in the following way: 1Press the RHSL key so that the indicator goes out. 2Press and hold the RECORD key and press the PLAY key. The display shows TAKE. Playback starts at the pre-roll point. Both the input source and previously-recorded material can be monitored. When playback reaches the punch-in point, the monitored signal on the armed track(s) is muted. The RECORD indicator lights steadily. When playback reaches the punch-out point, the recorded material is added to the monitored signal. The RECORD indicator goes out. Playback continues to the punch-out point and stops. If the REPEAT indicator is lit, the punch recording will continue to repeat (up to 99 times) until you press STOP, allowing you to select from a list of “multi-takes” (see “Checking the take” on page 48). The time between repeat takes is about one second. You cannot change this time. Checking the take After a take or series of takes has completed, you can make an instant check of the take by following the procedure here. When the take is complete, a screen similar to the following appears: The screen above shows three takes and the original track. Use the wheel to highlight a take from the list, including the original track before the punch was started. Press PLAY to check the highlighted take by playing it back (starting at the pre-roll point, and continuing to the post-roll point). If you are happy with the take, you can move to the next stage below (“After finishing the punch” on page 48. If you want to record another take, press and hold RECORD, and press PLAY. After finishing the punch When you have finished the punch recording: 1Use the wheel to highlight the take which you feel is the best (or if none of them was any good, select ORIGINAL, which is the unchanged version). 2Press to select the selected take (or the original version).A pop-up display asks you if you are sure that you want to use the take. 3Press ENTER if you are sure, but if you change your mind to select another take, press EXIT. NOTE You must select one of the takes or the original to exit auto punch mode.