Panasonic Gu87 Operating Instructions
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Appendix C: Consumer Update 97 APPENDIX C: CONSUMER UPDATE Consumer Update on Mobile Phones (Published by U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, October 20, 1999.) FDA has been receiving inquiries about the safety of mobile phones, including cellular phones and PCS phones. The following summarizes what is known—and what remains unknown—about whether these products can pose a hazard to health, and what can be done to minimize any potential risk. This information may be used to respond to questions. Why the concern? Mobile phones emit low levels of radiofrequency energy (i.e., radiofrequency radiation) in the microwave range while being used. They also emit very low levels of radiofrequency energy (RF), considered non-significant, when in the stand-by mode. It is well known that high levels of RF can produce biological damage through heating effects (this is how your microwave oven is able to cook food). However, it is not known whether, to what extent, or through what mechanism, lower levels of RF might cause adverse health effects as well. Although some research has been done to address these questions, no clear picture of the biological effects of this type of radiation has emerged to date. Thus, the available science does not allow us to conclude that mobile phones are absolutely safe, or that they are unsafe. However, the available scientific evidence does not demonstrate any adverse health effects associated with the use of mobile phones. What kind of phones are in question? Questions have been raised about hand-held mobile phones, the kind that have a built-in antenna that is positioned close to the user’s head during normal telephone conversation. These types of mobile phones are of concern because of the short distance between the phone’s antenna — the primary source of the RF — and the person’s head. The exposure to RF from mobile phones in which the antenna is located at greater distances from the user (on the outside of a car, for example) is drastically lower than that from hand-held phones, because a person’s RF exposure decreases rapidly with distance from the source. The safety of so-called “cordless phones, which have a base unit connected to the telephone wiring in a house and which operate at far lower power levels and frequencies, has not been questioned. How much evidence is there that hand- held mobile phones might be harmful? Briefly, there is not enough evidence to know for sure, either way; however, research efforts are on-going. The existing scientific evidence is conflicting and many of the studies that have been done to date have suffered from flaws in their research methods. Animal experiments investigating the effects of RF exposures characteristic of mobile phones have yielded conflicting results. A few animal studies, however, have suggested that low levels of RF could accelerate the development of cancer in laboratory animals. In one study, mice genetically altered to be predisposed to developing one type of cancer developed more than twice as many such cancers when they were exposed to RF energy compared to controls. There is much uncertainty among scientists about whether results obtained from animal studies apply to the use of mobile phones. First, it is uncertain how to apply the results obtained in rats and mice to humans. Second, many of the studies that showed increased tumor development used animals that had already been treated with cancer-causing chemicals, and other studies exposed the animals to the RF virtually continuously — up to 22 hours per day. For the past five years in the United States, the mobile phone industry has supported research into the safety of mobile phones. This research has resulted in two findings in particular that merit additional study: 1. In a hospital-based, case-control study, researchers looked for an association between mobile phone use and either glioma (a type of brain cancer) or acoustic neuroma (a benign tumor of the nerve sheath). No statistically significant association was found between mobile phone use and acoustic neuroma. There was also no association between mobile phone use and gliomas when all types of gliomas were considered together. It should be noted that the average length of mobile phone exposure in this study was less than three years. When 20 types of glioma were considered separately, however, an association was found between mobile phone use and one rare type of glioma, neuroepithelliomatous tumors. It is possible with multiple comparisons of the same sample that this association occurred by chance. Moreover, the risk did not increase with how often the mobile phone was used, or the length of the calls. In fact, the risk actually decreased with cumulative hours of mobile phone use. Most cancer causing agents increase risk with increased exposure. An ongoing study of brain cancers by the National Cancer Institute is expected to bear on the accuracy and repeatability of these results. 1
98 Appendix C: Consumer Update 2. Researchers conducted a large battery of laboratory tests to assess the effect of exposure to mobile phone RF on genetic material. These included tests for several kinds of abnormalities, including mutations, chromosomal aberrations, DNA strand breaks, and structural changes in the genetic material of blood cells called lymphocytes. None of the tests showed any effect from the RF except for the micronucleus assay, which detects structural effects on the genetic material. The cells in this assay showed changes after exposure to simulated cell phone radiation, but only after 24 hours of exposure. It is possible that exposing the test cells to radiation for this long resulted in heating. Since this assay is known to be sensitive to heating, heat alone could have caused the abnormalities to occur. The data already in the literature on the response of the micronucleus assay to RF are conflicting. Thus, follow- up research is necessary. 2 FDA is currently working with government, industry, and academic groups to ensure the proper follow-up to these industry-funded research findings. Collaboration with the Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association (CTIA) in particular is expected to lead to FDA providing research recommendations and scientific oversight of new CTIA-funded research based on such recommendations. Two other studies of interest have been reported recently in the literature: 1. Two groups of 18 people were exposed to simulated mobile phone signals under laboratory conditions while they performed cognitive function test. There were no changes in the subjects’ ability to recall words, numbers, or pictures, or in their spatial memory, but they were able to make choices more quickly in one visual test when they were exposed to simulated mobile phone signals. This was the only change noted among more than 20 variables compared. 3 2. In study of 209 brain tumor cases and 425 matched controls, there was no increased risk of brain tumors associated with mobile phone use. When tumors did exist in certain locations, however, they were more likely to be on the side of the head where the mobile phone was used. Because this occurred in only a small number of cases, the increased likelihood was too small to be statistically significant. 4 In summary, we do not have enough information at this point to assure the public that there are, or are not, any low incident health problems associated with use of mobile phones. FDA continues to work with all parties, including other federal agencies and industry, to assure that research is undertaken to provide the necessary answers to the outstanding questions about the safety of mobile phones. What is known about cases of human cancer that have been reported in users of handheld mobile phones? Some people who have used mobile phones have been diagnosed with brain cancer. But it is important to understand that this type of cancer also occurs among people who have not used mobile phones. In fact, brain cancer occurs in the U.S. population at a rate of about 6 new cases per 100,000 people each year. At that rate, assuming 80 million users of mobile phones (a number increasing at a rate of about 1 million per month), about 4800 cases of brain cancer would be expected each year among those 80 million people, whether or not they used their phones. Thus it is not possible to tell whether any individual’s cancer arose because of the phone, or whether it would have happened anyway. A key question is whether the risk of getting a particular form of cancer is greater among people who use mobile phones than among the rest of the population. One way to answer that question is to compare the usage of mobile phones among people with brain cancer with the use of mobile phones among appropriately matched people without brain cancer. This is called a case-control study. The current case-control study of brain cancers by the National Cancer Institute, as well as the follow-up research to be sponsored by industry, will begin to generate this type of information. What is FDA’s role concerning the safety of mobile phones? Under the law, FDA does not review the safety of radiation-emitting consumer products such as mobile phones before marketing, as it does with new drugs or medical devices. However, the agency has authority to take action if mobile phones are shown to emit radiation at a level that is hazardous to the user. In such a case, FDA could require the manufacturers of mobile phones to notify users of the health hazard and to repair, replace or recall the phones so that the hazard no longer exists. Although the existing scientific data do not justify FDA regulatory actions at this time, FDA has urged the mobile phone industry to take a number of steps to assure public safety. The agency has recommended that the industry: support needed research into possible biological effects of RF of the type emitted by mobile phones; design mobile phones in a way that minimizes any RF exposure to the user that is not necessary for device function; and
Appendix C: Consumer Update 99 cooperate in providing mobile phone users with the best possible information on what is known about possible effects of mobile phone use on human health. At the same time, FDA belongs to an interagency working group of the federal agencies that have responsibility for different aspects of mobile phone safety to ensure a coordinated effort at the federal level. These agencies are: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Environmental Protection Agency Federal Communications Commission Occupational Health and Safety Administration National Telecommunications and Information Administration The National Institutes of Health also participates in this group. In the absence of conclusive information about any possible risk, what can concerned individuals do? If there is a risk from these products — and at this point we do not know that there is — it is probably very small. But if people are concerned about avoiding even potential risks, there are simple steps they can take to do so. For example, time is a key factor in how much exposure a person receives. Those persons who spend long periods of time on their hand-held mobile phones could consider holding lengthy conversations on conventional phones and reserving the hand-held models for shorter conversations or for situations when other types of phones are not available. People who must conduct extended conversations in their cars every day could switch to a type of mobile phone that places more distance between their bodies and the source of the RF, since the exposure level drops off dramatically with distance. For example, they could switch to a mobile phone in which the antenna is located outside the vehicle, a hand-held phone with a built-in antenna connected to a different antenna mounted on the outside of the car or built into a separate package, or a headset with a remote antenna to a mobile phone carried at the waist. Again, the scientific data do not demonstrate that mobile phones are harmful. But if people are concerned about the radiofrequency energy from these products, taking the simple precautions outlined above can reduce any possible risk. Where can I find additional information? For additional information, see the following websites: Federal Communications Commission (FCC) RF Safety Program (select “Information on Human Exposure to RF Fields from Cellular and PCD Radio Transmitters”): http://www.fcc.gov/oet/rfsafety World Health Organization (WHO) International Commission on Non-lonizing Radiation Protection (select Qs & As): http:// www.who.int/peh-emf United Kingdom, National Radiological Protection Board: http://www.nrpb.org.uk Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association (CTIA): http://www.wow- com.com U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Devices and Radiological Health: http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/consumer/ 1 Muscat et al. “Epidemiological Study of Cellular Telephone Use and Malignant Brain Tumors”. In: State of the Science Symposium; 1999 June 20; Long Beach, California. 2 Tice et al. “Tests of mobile phone signals for activity in genotoxicity and other laboratory assays”. In: Annual Meeting of the Environmental Mutagen Society. March 29,1999, Washington, D.C. and personal communication, unpublished results. 3 Preece, AW, Iwi, G, Davies-Smith, A, Wesnes, K, Butler, S, Lim, E, and Varey, A. “Effect of a 915-MHz simulated mobile phone signal on cognitive function in man”. Int. J. Radiat. Biol., April 8, 1999. 4 Hardell, L, Nasman, A, Pahlson, A, Hallquist, Aand Mild, KH. “Use of cellular telephones and the risk for brain tumors: a case-control study”. Int. J. Oncol., 15: 113-116, 1999.
100 Appendix D: Glossary APPENDIX D: GLOSSARY DTMF TonesDual Tone Multi-Frequency tones (touch tones) allow you to communicate with computerized phone systems, voice mailboxes etc. GPRSGeneral Packet Radio Service. A GSM data transmission technique that transmits and receives data in packets rather than setting up a continuous channel. It makes very efficient use of available radio spectrum and users pay only for the volume of data sent and received. GSMGlobal System for Mobile Communications. A digital cellular or PCS network used throughout the world. MMSMultimedia Messaging Service. Attach images and music to text messages. PIN codePersonal Identification Number used for SIM security. Supplied by your wireless service provider. If the PIN is entered incorrectly 3 times, the PIN will be blocked. PIN2 codePersonal Identification Number used for the control of Fixed Dial Store and Call Charge metering. Supplied by your wireless service provider. If the PIN2 is entered incorrectly 3 times, the PIN2 will be blocked. PUK/PUK2 codePIN/PIN2 Unblocking Key. Used to unblock the PIN/PIN2. Supplied by your wireless service provider. If the PUK/PUK2 is entered incorrectly 10 times, the PUK/PUK2 will be blocked. RegistrationAct of locking on to a GSM network, usually done automatically by your phone. RoamingAbility to use your phone on networks other than your home network. SIM cardSubscriber Identity Module card. A small smart-card which stores unique subscriber and user-entered information such as Phonebook and Short Messages. Supplied by your wireless service provider. SMSShort Message Service. Transmission of short text messages to and from mobile phones via the network operator’s message center. T9 ® text entryPredictive text entry software that allows text entry with one key press per letter instead of pressing one key multiple times until the desired letter appears. T9 translates key press sequences into words using a highly compressed database. WAPWireless Application Protocol. A communication standard which enables you to download resources from the Internet to your phone. WAP sites consist of text, hyperlinks and some pages contain low-resolution graphics. Bookmark: A saved link to a web page. Browser: An application program that provides a way to look at and interact with the Internet. URL: Uniform Resource Locator. An address of a file (resource) accessible on the Internet. Wireless Service ProviderA company that provides services and subscriptions to mobile phone users.
Appendix E: Server Profile 101 APPENDIX E: SERVER PROFILE E-MAIL SERVER PROFILE Item Setting Entered Profile Name Mail Address STMP Setting STMP Server User ID Password Authentication POP3 Setting POP3 Server User ID Password Mail Delivery Bearer Type Circuit Switch Digital Dial # Analog Dial # Circuit Type User ID User Password GPRS AccessPointName User ID User Password Authentication Primary DNS Secondary DNS
Index 103 INDEX Aaccessories 12 alarms, set 27, 29 answer key 76 answer mode 75 answering calls 20 auto dial enable 61 Bbacklight time setting 73 battery attaching 8 charging 9 indicator 16 removing 8 bookmarks, browser 80 brightness setting 72 broadcast messages 50 browser bookmark 80 bookmark pages 80 enter URL 80 push message 81 server list 82 setting 81 start 78 status log 82 Ccalculator 30 calendar creating a reminder 83 deleting reminders 84 jump to future date 84 reminder options 84 viewing reminders 84 call rejected 2 call waiting 23 ,85 call forwarding 86 caller ID alert 61 caller ID send 86 calls answering 20 ending 20 forwarding 86 in-call options 21making 17 managing 20 multi-party 24 two at once 23 unanswered 19 camera, using 35–38 charging battery 9 charging tips 9 clock set 27 clock/calendar display settings 72 connect to the internet 78 consumer update on mobile phones 97 currency (unit) converter 31 Ddata download 26 data files 65 memory status 69 view folders 65–69 date format 28 date/time, set 27 default settings 76 dial only phonebook 88 dialing methods 18–20 display main and sub 15 settings 72 standby 17 download data 26 driver safety tips 6 DTMF length 76 DTMF touch tones 22 Eediting photos 36 e-mail create 51 inbox 52 outbox 53 send/receive 56 server list 54 settings 55 emergency (911) service 2 ending calls 20 entering text 91–92 error messages 94
104 Index FFiles & Setup menu 65–76 format date/time 28 forwarding calls 86 GGames menu 25, 39 glossary 100 GPRS indicator 16 use of 82, 101, 102 Hhandsfree auto answer 75 handsfree headset, private 10 Herding Sheep game 39 Iicons (indicators) 16 inbox e-mail 52 MMS 43 SMS 47 in-call options 21 infrared port 32 international dialing 19 IrDA 32 Kkey functions 14–15 key guard 75 keypad lighting setting 73 key-press sounds 71 key-press volume 71 Llanguage setting 73 lock keypad 75 lock phone 87 Mmaking calls 17 melody composer 70 Messages menu 41–56 MMS create 41 inbox 43 noticebox 43 outbox 44receivebox 44 server list 45 settings 45 mobile phonebook 57 modem, connect 33 mute while on call 21 Nnetwork dependent 7 list 90 search 89 no SIM phonebook dial 89 note pad (scratch pad) 22 noticebox, MMS 43 Oon/off, turning phone 17 Options & Timers menu 85–90 outbox e-mail 53 MMS 44 SMS 48 own number/info 62 Pphone basics 17–24 lock 87 overview 13–16 specifications 93 turning on/off 17 Phonebook auto dial 61 caller ID alert 61 create entry in mobile phonebook 59 create entry in SIM phonebook 58 group names 62 mobile 57, 59 own number/info 62 search by location 58 search by name 57 service dial 63 SIM 57 voice dialing 60 Phonebook/V-Mail menu 57–64 photo editing 36 picture, taking a 35 PIN/PIN 2 code options 88 power up/down time, set 30
Index 105 power-up settings 72 preset messages 75 private handsfree headset 10 PUK/PUK 2 codes 88 push message 81 Qquiet mode 74 shortcut 21 Rreceivebox, MMS 44 record voice 71 record your voice 25 ring type 70 ring volume 69, 74 Ssafety information1 scratch pad (note pad) 22 security menu 87 send caller ID 86 send to e-mail (SMS) 46 send to phone (SMS) 46 server list browser 82 e-mail 54 MMS 45 service dial 63 set alarms 29 set clock 27 set power up/down time 30 set time/alarms 27 short cut key 74 signal strength indicator 16 SIM card dependent 7 installing 7 removing 8 SIM phonebook 57 SMS broadcasts 50 chat 48 inbox 47 outbox 48 settings 49 status 49 sounds 69speed dial setup 64 speed dialing 18 standby mode 17 start browser 78 sub LCD setting 73 Ttake a picture 35 Tegic language 73 TETRIS game 39 text entry instructions 91–92 text telephony (TTY) 90 time format 28 time/date, set 27 timers data calls 85 voice calls 85 timers & service 85 Tools & Set Time menu 25–34 touch tones (DTMF) 22 troubleshooting 93 TTY mode 90 Uunanswered call 19 unit converter 31 Vvibration alert 74 voice dialing 19 voice dialing from phonebook 60 voice mail listening to 20, 63 view voice mail center number 63 voice memo 25 voice recorder 71 volume adjust during a call 21 key-press 71 ring 69 Wwallpaper 72 WAP browser 77 warning alerts 72 wildcard numbers 60
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